水坝 / Dam – 中英文维基百科词条融合

By cathayvista基础设施

中文词条原文链接（无法从中国内地访问）：点击这里访问。
英文词条原文链接（无法从中国内地访问）：点击这里访问。
本文基于英文词条的线索，并补充部分来自中文词条的内容（在二者冲突时，以更晚更新者为准）。辽观搬运时进行了必要的合规化处理，以使其能够在中国内地上传。

关于辽观的维基百科搬运计划，及其他已搬运的词条，请点击这里访问。 维基百科（Wikipedia）是美国维基媒体基金会的互联网百科项目（点击这里了解更多），其内容可能受到立场、信息来源等因素影响，请客观看待。正文内容不代表译者观点。

辽观提供的翻译仅供参考。文中可能包含无法从中国内地访问的链接。

辽观所搬运的词条文本与原维基百科文本同样遵循CC-BY-SA 4.0协议，在符合协议要求的情况下您可以免费使用其内容（包括商用）。 图片可能遵循不同的共享协议，详见：本文涉及的共享协议

封面图片：The Edersee Dam in Hesse, Germany
参考译文：德国黑森州的埃德尔湖大坝
图片作者：Jörg Braukmann 此图片遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议

1. 正文（发布于知乎专栏）

请点击这里访问

2. 参看（维基百科的相关词条）

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：水坝
查看维基词典中的词条“dam”。
  • Bunding – Retaining wall around pollution source
    【参考译文】绑定 – 围绕污染源的挡土墙
  • Grout curtain
    【参考译文】灌浆帷幕
  • List of largest dams
    【参考译文】规模最大的大坝列表
  • Reservoir safety – Risk prevention of reservoir dam failure
    【参考译文】水库安全 – 水库大坝失事的风险预防

3. 参考文献 References

3.1 英文词条引用列表（Notes）

  1. “Bartleby.com: Great Books Online – Quotes, Poems, Novels, Classics and hundreds more”. bartleby.com. Archived from the original on 8 April 2009. Retrieved 9 November 2015.http://www.bartleby.com/
  2. Source: Tijdschrift voor Nederlandse Taal- en Letterkunde (Magazine for Dutch Language and Literature), 1947
  3. Günther Garbrecht: “Wasserspeicher (Talsperren) in der Antike”, Antike Welt, 2nd special edition: Antiker Wasserbau (1986), pp.51–64 (52)
  4. S.W. Helms: “Jawa Excavations 1975. Third Preliminary Report”, Levant 1977
  5. “The world’s oldest dams still in use”. www.water-technology.net. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  6. Günther Garbrecht: “Wasserspeicher (Talsperren) in der Antike”, Antike Welt, 2nd special edition: Antiker Wasserbau (1986), pp.51–64 (52f.)
  7. Mohamed Bazza (28–30 October 2006). “overview of the hystory [sic] of water resources and irrigation management in the near east region”(PDF). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Archived from the original(PDF) on 8 August 2007. Retrieved 1 August 2007.http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y4357e/y4357e14.htm
  8. “Lake Moeris”. Brown University. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  9. “The reservoirs of Dholavira”. The Southasia Trust. December 2008. Archived from the original on 11 July 2011. Retrieved 27 February 2011.http://old.himalmag.com/component/content/article/1062-the-reservoirs-of-dholavira.htmlArchived 21 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  10. Govindasamy Agoramoorthy; Sunitha Chaudhary; Minna J. Hsu. “The Check-Dam Route to Mitigate India’s Water Shortages”(PDF). Law library – University of New Mexico. Archived from the original(PDF) on 20 July 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
  11. Kalyanaraman, S (18 March 2003). “Water management: Historical maritime, riverine tradition of Bharat”(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
  12. Singh, Vijay P.; Ram Narayan Yadava (2003). Water Resources System Operation: Proceedings of the International Conference on Water and Environment. Allied Publishers. p. 508. ISBN 978-81-7764-548-4. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  13. Needham, Joseph (1986). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Part 3. Taipei: Caves Books, Ltd.
  14. Smith 1971, p. 49
  15. Smith 1971, p. 49; Hodge 1992, pp. 79f.
  16. Smith 1971, p. 42
  17. Hodge 1992, p. 87
  18. Hodge 2000, pp. 331f.
  19. Hodge 2000, p. 332; James & Chanson 2002
  20. Smith 1971, pp. 33–35; Schnitter 1978, pp. 31f.; Schnitter 1987a, p. 12; Schnitter 1987c, p. 80; Hodge 2000, p. 332, fn. 2
  21. Schnitter 1987b, pp. 59–62
  22. Schnitter 1978, p. 29; Schnitter 1987b, pp. 60, table 1, 62; James & Chanson 2002; Arenillas & Castillo 2003
  23. Vogel 1987, p. 50
  24. Hartung & Kuros 1987, pp. 232, 238, fig. 13, 249
  25. Donald Routledge Hill (1996), “Engineering”, p. 759, in Rashed, Roshdi; Morelon, Régis (1996). Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science. Routledge. pp. 751–795. ISBN 978-0-415-12410-2.
  26. Adam Lucas (2006), Wind, Water, Work: Ancient and Medieval Milling Technology, p. 62. Brill, ISBN 90-04-14649-0.
  27. Donald Routledge Hill (1996). A history of engineering in classical and medieval times. Routledge. pp. 56–8. ISBN 978-0-415-15291-4.
  28. Donald Routledge Hill (1996). A history of engineering in classical and medieval times. Routledge. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-415-15291-4.
  29. “Key Developments in the History of Buttress Dams”. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012.
  30. “John Redpath, the Whispering Dam, and Sugar”. 31 October 2014.
  31. “Historical Development of Arch Dams”.
  32. Rankine, W. (1857) “On the stability of loose earth”. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 147.
  33. “dam”. Encyclopædia Britannica. 13 August 2023.
  34. “Egyptian Irrigation Bond 1898 – Aswan Dam on Nile River”. Scripophily. Archived from the original on 13 May 2005. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  35. Roberts, Chalmers (December 1902), “Subduing the Nile”, The World’s Work: A History of Our Time, V: 2861–2870, retrieved 10 July 2009
  36. Finance, Jewish Encyclopedia, c.1906
  37. Frederic Courtland Penfield, “Harnessing the Nile”, The Century Magazine, Vol. 57, No. 4 (February 1899)
  38. “The First Aswan Dam”. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on 15 June 1997. Retrieved 2 January 2011.
  39. Interior, United States Dept of the (1948). The Hoover Dam Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 79.
  40. Joyce, S. (October 1997). “Is it worth a dam?”. Environmental Health Perspectives. 105 (10): 1050–1055. doi:10.1289/ehp.971051050. PMC 1470397. PMID 9349830.
  41. Atif
    Ansar; Bent Flyvbjerg; Alexander Budzier; Daniel Lunn (June 2014).
    “Should we build more large dams? The actual costs of hydropower
    megaproject development”. Energy Policy. 69: 43–56. arXiv:1409.0002. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2013.10.069. S2CID 55722535. SSRN 2406852.
  42. “Arch Dam Forces”. PBS. Retrieved 7 January 2007.
  43. British Dam Society http://www.britishdams.org/about_dams/gravity.htmArchived 31 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  44. “Gravity Dams”(PDF).
  45. “Dams and Development: An Overview”. 16 November 2000. Archived from the original on 28 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010. “Box 1. What is a large dam?”
  46. “The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wants You To Enjoy The Rivers, Safely”. 90.5 WESA. 23 June 2017. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  47. “Army Corps, waterways partners focus on fixed-crest dam safety > Pittsburgh District > News Releases”. Lrp.usace.army.mil. 19 June 2017. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  48. Bob Bauder (20 May 2017). “Family of kayaker swept over Dashields Dam sues U.S. Army Corps of Engineers”. TribLIVE. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  49. Carter, Edward F.; Hosko, Mary Ann; Austin, Roger (1997). Guidelines for Retirement of Dams and Hydroelectric Facilities. Waterpower ’97. ASCE. pp. 1248–1256.
  50. “Definition of a Large Dam”. International Commission on Large Dams. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
  51. “Methodology and Technical Notes”. Watersheds of the World. Archived from the original on 4 July 2007. Retrieved 1 August 2007. “A large dam is defined by the industry as one higher than 15 meters high and a major dam as higher than 150.5 meters.”
  52. Poff, N. Leroy; Hart, David D. (1 August 2002). “How Dams Vary and Why It Matters for the Emerging Science of Dam Removal;…”BioScience. 52 (8): 659–668. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0659:HDVAWI]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0006-3568.
  53. Perera, Duminda; et al. (2021). Ageing Water Storage Infrastructure: An Emerging Global Risk(Report Series, Issue 11). Hamilton, Canada: United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health. ISBN 978-92-808-6105-1. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
  54. “The Jinping-I Double Curvature Arch Dam sets new world record”. en.powerchina.cn. Archived from the original on 17 November 2018. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  55. Nathan, R.; Lowe, L. (1 January 2012). “The Hydrologic Impacts of Farm Dams”. Australasian Journal of Water Resources. 16 (1): 75–83. doi:10.7158/13241583.2012.11465405 (inactive 31 January 2024). ISSN 1324-1583.
  56. “Why small-scale hydroelectric plants benefit local communities”. World Economic Forum. 3 September 2015. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  57. Faruqui, N. I. (1994). “Small Hydro for Rural Development”. Canadian Water Resources Journal. 19 (3): 227–235. doi:10.4296/cwrj1903227. ISSN 0701-1784.
  58. Graf, WL (1993). “Landscapes, commodities, and ecosystems: The relationship between policy and science for American rivers”. Sustaining Our Water Resources. Washington DC: National Academy Press. pp. 11–42.
  59. Couto, Thiago BA; Olden, Julian D. (2018). “Global proliferation of small hydropower plants – science and policy”. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 16 (2): 91–100. doi:10.1002/fee.1746. ISSN 1540-9309.
  60. “DWR Dam Safety Non-Jurisdictional Dam”. Colorado Information Marketplace. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  61. “Evaluation of Non-Jurisdictional Dams”(PDF). Office of the State Engineer, Dam Safety Bureau. 7 December 2009.
  62. Brewitt, Peter K.; Colwyn, Chelsea L. M. (2020). “Little dams, big problems: The legal and policy issues of nonjurisdictional dams”. WIREs Water. 7 (1): e1393. doi:10.1002/wat2.1393. ISSN 2049-1948.
  63. “Director’s Order #40: Dam Safety & Security Program”(PDF). United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service. 25 May 2010.
  64. Fencl, Jane S.; Mather, Martha E.; Costigan, Katie H.; Daniels, Melinda D. (5 November 2015). Deng, Z. Daniel (ed.). “How
    Big of an Effect Do Small Dams Have? Using Geomorphological Footprints
    to Quantify Spatial Impact of Low-Head Dams and Identify Patterns of
    Across-Dam Variation”. PLOS ONE. 10 (11): e0141210. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1041210F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141210. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4634923. PMID 26540105.
  65. Graham, W J (September 1999). “A Procedure for Estimating Loss of Life Caused by Dam Failure”(PDF). U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation.
  66. Pisaniello, John D. (2009). “How to manage the cumulative flood safety of catchment dams”. Water SA. 35 (4): 361–370. ISSN 1816-7950.
  67. Ashley,
    Jeffrey T. F.; Bushaw-Newton, Karen; Wilhelm, Matt; Boettner, Adam;
    Drames, Gregg; Velinsky, David J. (March 2006). “The Effects of Small
    Dam Removal on the Distribution of Sedimentary Contaminants”. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 114 (1–3): 287–312. doi:10.1007/s10661-006-4781-3. ISSN 0167-6369. PMID 16565804. S2CID 46471207.
  68. Yilmaz, Metin (November 2003). “Control of Groundwater by Underground Dams”(PDF). The Middle East Technical University. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
  69. Onder, H; M. Yilmaz (November–December 2005). “Underground Dams—A Tool of Sustainable Development and Management of Ground Resources”(PDF). European Water: 35–45. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
  70. Blight, Geoffrey E. (1998). “Construction of Tailings Dams”. Case studies on tailings management. Paris: International Council on Metals and the Environment. pp. 9–10. ISBN 978-1-895720-29-7. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  71. “Properties of Tailings Dams”(PDF). NBK Institute of Mining Engineering. Archived from the original(PDF) on 1 October 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2011.http://mining.ubc.ca/files/2013/03/Dirk-van-Zyl.pdf
  72. Singhal, Raj K., ed. (2000). Environmental
    issues and management of waste in energy and mineral production:
    Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Environmental
    Issues and Management of Waste in Energy and Mineral Production: SWEMP
    2000; Calgary, Alberta, Canada, May 30 – June 2, 2000. Rotterdam [u.a.]: Balkema. pp. 257–260. ISBN 978-90-5809-085-0. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  73. McLeod, Harvey; Bjelkevik, Annika (2021). TAILINGS DAM DESIGN Technology Update(PDF) (Report). ICOLD Committee on Tailings Dams. p. 91.
  74. Renewables Global Status Report 2006 UpdateArchived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine“RENEWABLES GLOBAL STATUS REPORT 2006 Update”(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 14 May 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2015., REN21, published 2006, accessed 16 May 2007
  75. “The Club and the Dam”. Johnstown Flood Museum. Johnstown Area Heritage Association. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
  76. C.
    J. Shiff (1972). M. Taghi Farvar; John P. Milton (eds.). “The Impact of
    Agricultural Development on Aquatic Systems and its Effect on the
    Epidemiology of Schistosomes in Rhodesia”. The careless technology: Ecology and international development. Natural History Press. pp. 102–108. OCLC 315029. “Recently,
    agricultural development has concentrated on soil and water
    conservation and resulted in the construction of a multitude of dams of
    various capacities which tend to stabilize water flow in rivers and
    provide a significant amount of permanent and stable bodies of water.”
  77. “Kazakhstan”. Land and Water Development Division. 1998. “Construction of a dam (Berg Strait) to stabilize and increase the level of the northern part of the Aral Sea.”
  78. “Blackwater Dam”. US Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from the original on 28 February 2013. “The principal objective of the dam and reservoir is to protect downstream communities”http://www.nae.usace.army.mil/Missions/Recreation/BlackwaterDam.aspx
  79. “Lake Diefenbaker Reservoir Operations Context and Objectives”(PDF). Saskatchewan Watershed Authority. Archived from the original(PDF) on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
  80. Silva,
    S., Vieira-Lanero, R., Barca, S., & Cobo, F. (2017). Densities and
    biomass of larval sea lamprey populations (Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus,
    1758) in north-western Spain and data comparisons with other European
    regions. Marine and Freshwater Research, 68(1), 116–122.
  81. Tummers,
    J. S., Winter, E., Silva, S., O’Brien, P., Jang, M. H., & Lucas, M.
    C. (2016). Evaluating the effectiveness of a Larinier super active
    baffle fish pass for European river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis before
    and after modification with wall-mounted studded tiles. Ecological Engineering, 91, 183–194.
  82. Lansac-Tôha, Fernando Miranda (2019).
  83. Almeida, Ricardo (2018).
  84. Stobbe Reimer, Asha Miriam (30 September 2021). “Tasmanian Wilderness Society blocks dam construction (Franklin River Campaign) 1981-83”. The Commons Social Change Library. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  85. Jain, Sharad K.; Singh, V. P. (12 September 2003). Water Resources Systems Planning and Management. Elsevier. p. 408. ISBN 978-0-08-054369-7. “However, a reservoir, at worst, can only advance an earthquake which
    would have occurred otherwise too. The magnitude of forces associated
    with an earthquake is several orders bigger compared to the additional
    load of water in the reservoir. The change in stresses due to water load
    is too small to cause fracture in the Earth’s crust (Srivastava, 1993).
    Therefore, the presence of a reservoir does not increase the severity
    of an earthquake.”
  86. Kosnik, Lea-Rachel (1 March 2008). “The Potential of Water Power in the Fight Against Global Warming”. SSRN 1108425.
  87. “Water Reservoirs behind Rising Greenhouse Gases”. French Tribune. 9 August 2012. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
  88. “Dams the latest culprit in global warming”. The Times of India. 8 August 2012. Archived from the original on 9 August 2012. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
  89. Cullather, 110.
  90. “Three Gorges dam wall completed”. China Embassy. 20 May 2006. Retrieved 21 May 2006.
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  92. “World Commission on Dams Report”. International Rivers. 29 February 2008. Archived from the original on 13 September 2008. Retrieved 16 August 2012.
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  94. Ren, Kang (2019).
  95. Bellmore, J. R.; Duda, J. J.; Craig, L. S.; Greene, S. L.; Torgersen, C. E.; Collins, M. J.; Vittum, K. (2017). “Status and trends of dam removal research in the United States”. WIREs Water. 4 (2): e1164. doi:10.1002/wat2.1164. ISSN 2049-1948. S2CID 114768364.
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  98. Bountry, J. A.; Randle, T. J.; Curran, C. A.; Hilldale, R. C.; Duda, J.
  99. J.; Gelfenbaum, G. R. (2018). “Morphodynamic evolution following sediment release from the world’s largest dam removal”. Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 13279. Bibcode:2018NatSR…813279R. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30817-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6125403. PMID 30185796.

3.2 英文词条引用文献来源（Sources）

3.3 中文词条引用列表

  1. 特别策划大坝之问.[失效链接]
  2. 存档副本(PDF). [2011-12-06]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2015-09-06）.
  3. 刘川 王成栋. 锦屏一级大坝浇筑到顶. 四川日报. 2013-12-24 [2014-08-23]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-26）.
  4. 赵大春. 小湾电站大坝全线浇筑封顶完成. 新华社. 2010-03-10 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-24）.
  5. 李湘平. 水电八局承建的溪洛渡大坝混凝土浇筑首仓封顶. 中国水利水电建设股份有限公司. 2013-05-16 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-20）.
  6. 落雨. 溪洛渡水电站拱坝最大坝高由278米调整为285.5米. 新华网. 2009-06-16 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.
  7. 糯扎渡水电站简介. 云南省财政厅. 2008-12-23.[永久失效链接]
  8. 王洪新. “滇池”再现糯扎渡. 人民网. 2012-12-25 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.
  9. 中国将助伊朗建世界最高大坝. 长江日报. 2011-03-17 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）.
  10. 赵永丹 倪跃. 走进双江口. 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司. 2009-05-06. （原始内容存档于2013-04-24）.
  11. 怒江5座水电站列入规划 中国水电建设再加速. 观察者网. 2013-02-01 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2015-08-06）.
  12. 杨光. 50余名专家聚首 共商两河口水电站建设. 四川新闻网. 2009-02-17 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-19）.
  13. Virtual Flyover of Brushy Fork Coal Slurry Impoundment. OVEC. 2003-10-19 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-24） （英语）.
  14. 白鹤滩水电站工程概况. 四川在线. 2012-06-28 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-04）.
  15. 安申义. 长江干流龙头龙盘水电站的综合效益. 中国水力发电工程学会. 2014-11-13 [2015-08-08]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-24）.

4. 延伸阅读 Further reading

  • Khagram, Sanjeev. Dams and Development: Transnational Struggles for Water and Power. Ithaca: Cornell University Press 2004.
  • McCully, Patrick. Silenced Rivers: The Ecology and Politics of Large Dams. London: Zed. 2001.

5. 外部链接 External links

Look up dam in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
【参考译文】在Wiktionary（自由的词典）中查找“dam”（大坝）的定义。

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