乔戈里峰 / K2 – 中英文维基百科词条融合

By cathayvista中国相关, 区域：南亚和印度洋（印度文化圈）, 地理

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本文基于英文词条的线索，并补充部分来自中文词条的内容（在二者冲突时，以更晚更新者为准）。辽观搬运时进行了必要的合规化处理，以使其能够在中国内地上传。

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1. 正文（发布于知乎专栏）

第一部分（概述、名称、地理环境）请点击这里访问

第二部分（攀登历史）请点击这里访问

第三部分（攀登路线与困难、电影、灾难）请点击这里访问

2. 参见（维基百科的相关词条）| See also

Mountains portal【山峰主题】 Pakistan portal【巴基斯坦主题】China portal【中国主题】

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3. 英文词条参考文献

3.1 来源文献 | Bibliography

3.2 引用列表 | Citations

  1. “K2”. Peakbagger.com.
  2. “Karakoram and India/Pakistan Himalayas Ultra-Prominences”. peaklist.org. Retrieved 24 January 2014.
  3. “Mount Everest is two feet taller, China and Nepal announce”. National Geographic. Archived from the originalon 8 December 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
  4. “K2”. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 18 November 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2021. Quote: “K2 is located in the Karakoram Range and lies partly in a Chinese-administered enclave of the Kashmir region within the Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang, China, and partly in the Gilgit-Baltistan portion of Kashmir under the administration of Pakistan.”
  5. Jan·Osma鈔czyk, Edmund; Osmańczyk, Edmund Jan (2003), “Jammu and Kashmir”, Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: G to M, Taylor & Francis, pp. 1189–, ISBN 978-0-415-93922-5 Quote: “Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China.”
  6. “Kashmir”, Encyclopedia Americana, Scholastic Library Publishing, 2006, p. 328, ISBN 978-0-7172-0139-6, “KASHMIR, kash’mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partly by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in 1947”
  7. Stone, Larry (6 September 2018). “Summiting ‘Savage Mountain’: The harrowing story of these Washington climbers’ K2 ascent”. The Seattle Times. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  8. “AdventureStats – by Explorersweb”. adventurestats.com. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  9. Chhoghori, K2. “K2 Chhoghori The King of Karakoram”. Skardu.pk. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  10. Leger, C. J. (8 February 2017). “K2: The King of Mountains”. Base Camp Magazine. Retrieved 8 February2017.
  11. Messner, Reinhold. “K2: Mountain of Mountains”. Goodreads. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  12. “EXPLAINER: K2’s peak beckons the daring, but climbers rarely answer call in winter”. 10 February 2021.
  13. “Why the ‘savage’ K2 peak beckons the daring, but rarely in winter”. Aljazeera. 10 February 2021. Retrieved 26 August2021.
  14. Brummit, Chris (16 December 2011). “Russian team to try winter climb of world’s 2nd-highest peak”. USA Today. Associated Press. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
  15. “Nepali mountaineers achieve historic winter first on K2”. National Geographic. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  16. “Winter K2 Update: FIRST WINTER K2 SUMMIT!!!!”. alanarnette.com. 16 January 2021. Retrieved 26 August2021.[unreliable source?]
  17. “Asia, Pakistan, K2 Attempt”. The American Alpine Club. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  18. Curran, p. 25
  19. Curran, p. 30
  20. “Convert Roman into Urdu Script”. changathi.com.
  21. “Place names – II”. The Express Tribune. 2 September 2011. Retrieved 4 September 2011.
  22. Carter, H. Adams (1983). “A Note on the Chinese Name for K2, “Qogir””. Notes. American Alpine Journal. 25 (57). American Alpine Club: 296. Retrieved 6 November 2016.Carter, the long-time editor of the AAJ, goes on to say that the name Chogori “has no local usage. The mountain was not prominently visible from places where local inhabitants ventured and so had no local name … The Baltis use no other name for the peak than K2, which they pronounce ‘Ketu’. I strongly recommend against the use of the name Chogori in any of its forms.”
  23. Pakistan. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  24. Carter, H. Adams (1975). “Balti Place Names in the Karakoram”. Feature Article. American Alpine Journal. 20 (1). American Alpine Club: 52–53. Retrieved 6 November 2016. “Godwin Austen is the name of the glacier at its eastern foot and is only incorrectly used on some maps as the name of the mountain.”
  25. Carter, op cit. Carter notes a generalisation of the word Ketu: “A new word, ketu, meaning ‘big peak’, seems to be entering the Balti language.”
  26. Maraini, Fosco (1961). Karakoram: the ascent of Gasherbrum IV. Hutchinson. Quoted in Curran, p. 31.
  27. Zaldivar, Felipe (19 September 2017). “Lectures on K3 Surfaces [review]”. MAA Reviews. Mathematical Association of America. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  28. Wala, Jerzy (1994). “The Eight-Thousand-Metre Peaks of the Karakoram”. Orographical Sketch Map. The Climbing Company Ltd/Cordee.
  29. “How High Is Everest? Climbers Seek Answer”. The New York Times. 18 May 1987.
  30. Ian (20 January 2000). “Which is taller, Mt. Everest or K2?”. The Straight Dope. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  31. Lehmuller, Katherine; Mozzon, Marco. “Second to none”. The Global Magazine of Leica Geosystems. Vol. Reporter 72. pp. 40–42.
  32. How High Really Is K2? (PDF), 2014, retrieved 7 May 2021
  33. Searle, M.P. (1991). Geology and Tectonics of the Karakoram Mountains. New York City: John Wiley & Sons. p. 358. ISBN 978-0471927730.
  34. Searle, M.P. (1991). Geological Map of the Central Karakoram Mountains. scale 1: 250,000. New York City: John Wiley & Sons.
  35. Searle, M.P.; R.R. Parrish; R. Tirrul; D.C. Rex (1990). “Age of crystallisation and cooling of the K2 gneiss in the Baltoro Karakoram”. Journal of the Geological Society. 147 (4). London: 603–606. Bibcode:1990JGSoc.147..603S. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.147.4.0603. S2CID 129956294.
  36. Searle, M.P.; R.R. Parrish; A. Thow A; S.R. Noble; R. Phillips; D. Waters (2010). “Anatomy, Age and Evolution of a Collisional Mountain Belt: the Baltoro granite batholith and Karakroam Metamorphic Complex, Pakistani Karakoram”. Journal of the Geological Society. 167 (1). London: 183–202. Bibcode:2010JGSoc.167..183S. doi:10.1144/0016-76492009-043. S2CID 130887875.
  37. Kenneth Mason (1987 edition) Abode of Snow p.346
  38. Houston, Charles S. (1953). K2, the Savage Mountain.McGraw-Hill.
  39. Crowley, Aleister (1989). “Chapter 16”. The Confessions of Aleister Crowley: An Autohagiography. London: Arkana. ISBN 978-0-14-019189-9.
  40. “A timeline of human activity on K2”. k2climb.net. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  41. Booth, pp. 152–157 in chapter “Rhythms of Rapture”
  42. Curran, pp. 65–72
  43. Houston, Charles S; Bates, Robert (1939). Five Miles High(2000 Reprint by First Lyon Press, with introduction by Jim Wickwire ed.). Dodd, Mead. ISBN 978-1-58574-051-2.
  44. Curran, pp.73–80
  45. Kaufman, Andrew J.; Putnam, William L. (1992). K2: The 1939 Tragedy. Mountaineers Books. ISBN 978-0-89886-323-9.
  46. Curran pp. 81–94
  47. Houston, Charles S; Bates, Robert (1954). K2 – The Savage Mountain (2000 Reprint by First Lyon Press with introduction by Jim Wickwire ed.). Mc-Graw-Hill Book Company Inc. ISBN 978-1-58574-013-0.
  48. McDonald, pp. 119–140
  49. Curran, pp. 95–103
  50. O’Brien, Vanessa (30 August 2016). “Remembering Those Lost on the Savage Mountain”. Adventure Journal.
  51. “Amir Mehdi: Left out to freeze on K2 and forgotten”. BBC News. 7 August 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2014.
  52. Curran, Appendix I
  53. Reichardt, Louis F. (1979). “K2: The End of a 40-Year American Quest”. Feature Article. American Alpine Journal. 22 (1). American Alpine Club: 1–18. Retrieved 6 November2016.
  54. “K2, North Ridge”. American Alpine Journal. 25 (57). American Alpine Club: 295. 1983. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  55. Rakoncaj, Josef (1987). “Broad Peak and K2”. Climbs And Expeditions. American Alpine Journal. 29 (61). American Alpine Club: 274. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  56. “K2, Women’s Ascents and Tragedy”. Climbs And Expeditions. American Alpine Journal. 29 (61). American Alpine Club: 273. 1987. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  57. Majer, Janusz (1987). “K2’s Magic Line”. Climbs And Expeditions. American Alpine Journal. 29 (61). American Alpine Club: 10. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  58. Haider, Kamran (3 August 2008). “Rescuers reach Italian after 11 die on K2”. Reuters. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  59. Ramesh, Randeep; South, Asia c. (5 August 2008). “K2 Tragedy: Death Toll on World’s most Treacherous Mountain Reaches 11: Ice Sheet Collapse may have Triggered Events that Led to Climbing Disaster”. The Guardian – via ProQuest.
  60. “Dozens Reach Top of K2”. climbing.com. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015.
  61. Kamran (20 December 2020). “Karim The Dream”. Kamran On Bike. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  62. “Climber: 11 killed after avalanche on Pakistan’s K2”. CNN. 3 August 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  63. “Österreicherin bricht nach Tod ihres Gefährten Besteigung von K2 ab” [Austrian cancels ascent of K2 after death of her companion]. Stern (in German). Archived from the original on 20 August 2010.
  64. “K2 editorial: end of an era in women’s Himalaya”. Explorers Web. 26 August 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  65. “K2 north pillar summiteers safely back!”. Explorers Web. 25 August 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  66. “K2: details on the fight for Vitaly Gorelik”. Explorers Web. 9 February 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  67. “K2 summit pics and video: Polish climbers on a roll”. Explorers Web. 3 August 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  68. “New Zealand mountaineer and son feared dead on K2”. The Guardian. 30 July 2013. Archived from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  69. “First Pakistan team of climbers scale K2 summit”. BBC. 26 July 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  70. Parker, Chris (29 July 2014). “First All-Female Nepalese Team Summits K2”. Rock & Ice.
  71. “Everest Isn’t the Only Mountain that Matters”. Outside Online. 9 July 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  72. “Dispatches: K2 2014”. Madison Mountaineering. 2014.
  73. “With Diabetes to the Top”. Diabetes:M. 23 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
  74. Staff Reporter (16 August 2017). “Vanessa thanks Pakistan govt for help in scaling K-2”. The Nation. Retrieved 17 August2017.
  75. Pokhrel, Rajan. “Vanessa O’Brien, John Snorri set record as 12 scale Mt K2”. The Himalayan Times. Retrieved 28 July2017.
  76. “K2 2018 Summer Coverage: Record Weekend on K2 and a Death”. The Blog on alanarnette.com. Retrieved 2 December2018.
  77. “K2 2018 Archives”. Madison Mountaineering.
  78. “First Ski descent on K2”. dreamwanderlust.com. 22 July 2018.
  79. “K2 summiteer Anja Blacha: “More flexible on the mountain without breathing mask””. Adventure Mountain. 7 August 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  80. “K2 Expedition 2022 : List of climbers summited K2 in 2022”. baltistantimes.com. 22 July 2022. Retrieved 23 July2022.
  81. “History of Winter Climbing K2”. altitudepakistan.blogspot.com. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  82. “Vitaly Gorelik Dies On K2 – Alpinist.com”. www.alpinist.com. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  83. “Climbers Set Off to Be First to Summit World’s Most Notorious Mountain in Winter”. nationalgeographic.com. 29 December 2017. Archived from the original on 29 December 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  84. “Polish Heading to K2 for First Winter Ascent Attempt”. Gripped Magazine. 29 December 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  85. “Poland’s ‘ice warriors’ risk life and limb to be first to summit K2 in winter”. scmp.com. 13 July 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
  86. “| CAMP”. Camp.it. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
  87. “K2 remains notoriously savage during winter”. dreamwanderlust.com. 6 March 2018.
  88. “All-Nepali winter first on K2”.
  89. Parsain, Sangam (17 January 2021). “Mission possible: Ten Nepalis become first to climb Mt K2 in the dead of winter”. The Kathmandu Post. The Kathmandu Post. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
  90. “Nepali climbers script history scaling K2 in winter season”. No. 16 January 2021. The Himalayan Times. The Himalayan Times. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  91. Geiger, Stephanie. “Aufstieg bei minus 40 Grad: Nepalesische Bergsteiger erreichen erstmals im Winter den Gipfel des K2”. FAZ.NET (in German). ISSN 0174-4909. Retrieved 17 January2021.
  92. Sangam Prasain (19 January 2021). “My body was freezing. I told my teammates I couldn’t move”. kathmandupost.com. The Kathmandu Post. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  93. Nirmal Purja (18 January 2021). “Update 11 – With or without O2 ?”. www.nimsdai.com. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  94. “Winter K2 Update: Oxygen Update. Next Chapter in Winter K2”. alanarnette.com. 19 January 2021. Retrieved 26 August2021.
  95. “Bulgarian alpinist Skatov dies during K2 expedition”. The Nation. 5 February 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  96. “Bulgarian Climber Dies On K2 Expedition”. International Business Times. AFP News. 5 February 2021. Retrieved 2 June2021.
  97. “Bulgarian climber dies during expedition on Pakistan’s K2”. The Express Tribune. AFP. 5 February 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  98. “K2: The Fallen Five”. explorersweb.com. 7 February 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  99. “Sadpara, Snorri and Mohr Missing on K2; Rescue Mission Temporarily Suspended”. ukclimbing.com. 9 February 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  100. “Altitude oxygen calculator”. altitude.org. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  101. Watson, Peter (12 January 2021). “Trekking to K2 base camp in Pakistan: everything you need to know”. Lonely Planet.
  102. Fanshawe, Andy; Venables, Stephen (1995). Himalaya Alpine-Style. Hodder and Stoughton. ISBN 0-340-64931-3.
  103. Salkeld, Audrey, ed. (1998). World Mountaineering. Bulfinch Press. ISBN 0-8212-2502-2.
  104. “Asia, Pakistan, Karakoram, Baltoro Muztagh, K2, Various Ascents and Records in the Anniversary Year”. Climbs And Expeditions. American Alpine Journal. 47 (79). American Alpine Club: 351–353. 2005. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  105. “Nine feared dead in K2 avalanche”. BBC. 3 August 2008. Retrieved 3 August 2008.
  106. Swenson, Steven J. (1991). “K2—The North Ridge”. American Alpine Journal. 33 (65). American Alpine Club: 19–32. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  107. “Winter 8000’ers Update: Gale on Manaslu, East Face of K2 “Impossible””. 28 January 2019.
  108. Bauer, Luke (4 October 2007). “Kazakhs Make Latest Season Ascent of K2 in History”. Alpinist. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
  109. Kurczab, Janusz (1979). Soli S. Mehta (ed.). “Polish K2 Expedition – 1976”. The Himalayan Journal. 35. The Himalayan Club. Retrieved 5 April 2019.
  110. “40 Years Later: The Story Behind the First American Ascent of K2”. 18 October 2018.
  111. Matsuura, Teruo (1992). “K2’s West Face”. American Alpine Journal. 34 (66). American Alpine Club: 83–87. Retrieved 5 April 2019.
  112. Leger, CJ (9 June 2017). “Routes Up to K2’s Summit”. Base Camp Magazine.
  113. Messner, R.; Gogna, A.; Salked, A. (1982). K2 Mountain of Mountains (in German). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-520253-8.
  114. “The Route – Climbers guide to K2”. www.k2climb.net. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
  115. “AAC Publications – Asia, Pakistan, K2, Northwest Ridge Attempt”.
  116. “K2 West Face direct”. russianclimb.com. Retrieved 5 April2019.
  117. Muza, SR; Fulco, CS; Cymerman, A. (2004). “Altitude Acclimatisation Guide”. U.S. Army Research Inst. Of Environmental Medicine Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division Technical Report (USARIEM–TN–04–05). Archived from the original on 23 April 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
  118. Cymerman, A.; Rock, PB. “Medical Problems in High Mountain Environments. A Handbook for Medical Officers”. US Army Research Inst. Of Environmental Medicine Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division Technical Report. USARIEM-TN94-2. Archived from the original on 23 April 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
  119. Woodward, Aylin. “What happens to your body in Mount Everest’s ‘death zone,’ where 11 people have died in the past week”. Business Insider. Retrieved 4 November 2022.

4. 中文词条参考文献

  1. 中国人首次登顶世界第二高峰乔戈里峰. 新华社. 2004年7月28日 [2012年2月13日]. （原始内容存档于2012年11月13日）.
  2. 自由时报电子报. 登山》取消攻頂K2「讓大家失望」 呂忠翰、張元植讓台灣看到新高度 – 自由體育. 自由时报电子报. 2019-07-21 [2021-02-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
  3. Nepali climbers make history with winter summit of K2 mountain. BBC. 2021-01-16 [2021-01-17]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-21）.

5. 外部链接 | External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: K2 (category)【维基共享资源有与以下内容相关的媒体： K2（类别）】

Look up K2 in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.【在免费词典维基词典中查找 K2。】

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