北爱尔兰 / Northern Ireland – 中英文维基百科词条融合

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1. 正文(发布于知乎专栏)

第一部分(概述、历史)请点击这里访问

第二部分(政治)请点击这里访问

第三部分(地理和气候、人口统计)请点击这里访问

第四部分(经济、文化)请点击这里访问

2. 参见(维基百科的相关词条)

iconNorthern Ireland portal【北爱尔兰主题】

flagUnited Kingdom portal【英国主题】

flagIreland portal【爱尔兰主题】

3. 参考文献 References

3.1 英文词条引用列表

  1.  Ainsworth, Paul (6 December 2022). “‘Historic milestone’ passed as Irish language legislation becomes law”The Irish NewsArchived from the original on 12 December 2022. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
  2. ^ “Identity and Language (Northern Ireland) Act 2022 publications – Parliamentary Bills – UK Parliament”Archived from the original on 29 May 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  3. ^ “MS-B01 Ethnic group”Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. 30 November 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  4. ^ “MS-B21 Religion – full detail”Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. 31 May 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
  5. Jump up to:a b “Standard Area Measurements for Administrative Areas (December 2023) in the UK”Open Geography Portal. Office for National Statistics. 31 May 2024. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
  6. Jump up to:a b “Estimates of the population for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland”Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  7. Jump up to:a b “2021 Census”Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  8. ^ “Regional gross value added (balanced) per head and income components”Office for National Statistics. 24 April 2024. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
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  11. ^ “Subnational HDI”Global Data LabArchived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  12. ^ “The Flags Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000”Government of the United Kingdom. 8 November 2000. Archived from the original on 2 September 2013. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
  13. ^ Tuaisceart ÉireannArchived 15 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine. DFA.ie. Retrieved 27 March 2016.
  14. Jump up to:a b “A Beginners Guide to UK Geography (2023)”Open Geography Portal. Office for National Statistics. 24 August 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  15. Jump up to:a b “Standard: ISO 3166 — Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions”ISO. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  16. Jump up to:a b c Dunn, S.; H. Dawson (2000), An Alphabetical Listing of Word, Name and Place in Northern Ireland and the Living Language of ConflictLewiston, New YorkEdwin Mellen PressOne specific problem – in both general and particular senses – is to know what to call Northern Ireland itself: in the general sense, it is not a country, or a province, or a state – although some refer to it contemptuously as a statelet: the least controversial word appears to be jurisdiction, but this might change.
  17. Jump up to:a b c d e Whyte, J.; G. FitzGerald (1991), Interpreting Northern Ireland, Oxford: Oxford University Press, One problem must be adverted to in writing about Northern Ireland. This is the question of what name to give to the various geographical entities. These names can be controversial, with the choice often revealing one’s political preferences. … some refer to Northern Ireland as a ‘province’. That usage can arouse irritation particularly among nationalists, who claim the title ‘province’ should be properly reserved to the four historic provinces of Ireland-Ulster, Leinster, Munster, and Connacht. If I want to a label to apply to Northern Ireland I shall call it a ‘region’. Unionists should find that title as acceptable as ‘province’: Northern Ireland appears as a region in the regional statistics of the United Kingdom published by the British government.
  18. Jump up to:a b c d Murphy, D. (1979), A Place Apart, London: Penguin Books, Next – what noun is appropriate to Northern Ireland? ‘Province’ won’t do since one-third of the province is on the wrong side of the border. ‘State’ implies more self-determination than Northern Ireland has ever had and ‘country’ or ‘nation’ are blatantly absurd. ‘Colony’ has overtones that would be resented by both communities and ‘statelet’ sounds too patronizing, though outsiders might consider it more precise than anything else; so one is left with the unsatisfactory word ‘region’.
  19. ^ Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Government of Ireland (1998), Northern Ireland Peace Agreement (The Good Friday Agreement)archived from the original on 21 February 2013, retrieved 3 June 2013
  20. ^ Forde, Eoin (2020). “Constitutional Models of a United Ireland”Academia: 16–17. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  21. Jump up to:a b David McKittrick & David McVea. Making Sense of the Troubles. New Amsterdam Books, 2002. p.5
  22. ^ Richard Jenkin, 1997, Rethinking ethnicity: arguments and explorations, SAGE Publications: London: “In Northern Ireland the objectives of contemporary nationalists are the reunification of Ireland and the removal of British government.”; Peter Dorey, 1995, British politics since 1945, Blackwell Publishers: Oxford: “Just as some Nationalists have been prepared to use violence in order to secure Irish reunification, so some Unionists have been prepared to use violence in order to oppose it.”; “Strategy Framework Document: Reunification through Planned Integration: Sinn Féin’s All Ireland Agenda”. Archived from the original on 16 July 2006. Sinn Féin. Retrieved 2 August 2008.; “Policy Summaries: Constitutional Issues”Social Democratic and Labour Party. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 2 August 2008.
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  24. Jump up to:a b c Lynch (2019), pp. 11, 100–101.
  25. Jump up to:a b Lynch (2019), p. 99.
  26. ^ Lynch (2019), pp. 171–176.
  27. ^ David McKittrick & David McVea. Making Sense of the Troubles. New Amsterdam Books, 2002. p.6
  28. ^ McKittrick & McVea, p.18
  29. ^ Gallagher, Tom. Contemporary Irish Studies. Manchester University Press, 1983. pp.29–32
  30. ^ Maney, Gregory. “The Paradox of Reform: The Civil Rights Movement in Northern Ireland”, in Nonviolent Conflict and Civil Resistance. Emerald Group Publishing, 2012. p.15
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  32. Jump up to:a b “CAIN: Northern Ireland Society – Security and Defence”cain.ulster.ac.ukArchived from the original on 26 February 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
  33. ^ “The troubles were over, but the killing continued. Some of the heirs to Ireland’s violent traditions refused to give up their inheritance.” Jack Holland: Hope against History: The Course of Conflict in Northern Ireland. Henry Holt & Company, 1999, p. 221; ISBN 0-8050-6087-1
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  37. ^ Stanbridge, Karen (2003). Toleration and State Institutions: British Policy Toward Catholics in Eighteenth-century Ireland and Quebec. Lexington Books. p. 43.; Ruane, Joseph (1996). The Dynamics of Conflict in Northern Ireland: Power, Conflict and Emancipation. Cambridge University Press. p. 51.
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3.2 英文词条来源文献 | Sources

3.3 中文词条参考文献

  1. ^ The Countries of the UK. Office for National Statistics. Office for National Statistics (United Kingdom). [2015-07-07]. (原始内容存档于2019-01-07).
  2. ^ The Flags Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000Government of the United Kingdom. 2000-11-08 [2019-10-26]. (原始内容存档于2013-09-02).
  3. ^ Ainsworth, Paul. ‘Historic milestone’ passed as Irish language legislation becomes law. The Irish News. 2022-12-06 [2022-12-10]. (原始内容存档于2022-12-12) (英语).
  4. ^ Irish language and Ulster Scots bill clears final hurdle in Parliament. BBC News. 2022-10-26 [2022-12-10]. (原始内容存档于2023-02-17) (英国英语).
  5. ^ Languages covered by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (PDF). [2023-01-06]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-12-13).
  6. ^ 张振安,英国宣布将北爱尔兰地区控制权重新收归中央政府 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆),新华网
  7. ^ 马桂花,北爱尔兰恢复地方自治政府 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆),新华网
  8. ^ 國際小學堂/北愛爾蘭滿百歲 兩派衝突再起. 联合新闻网. 2021-05-14 [2022-05-08] (中文).

4. 延伸阅读 | Further reading

  • Jonathan Bardon, A History of Ulster (Blackstaff Press, Belfast, 1992), ISBN 0-85640-476-4
  • Brian E. Barton, The Government of Northern Ireland, 1920–1923 (Athol Books, 1980)
  • Paul Bew, Peter Gibbon and Henry Patterson The State in Northern Ireland, 1921–72: Political Forces and Social Classes, Manchester (Manchester University Press, 1979)
  • Tony Geraghty (2000). The Irish War. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-7117-7.
  • Robert Kee, The Green Flag: A History of Irish Nationalism (Penguin, 1972–2000), ISBN 0-14-029165-2
  • Osborne Morton, Marine Algae of Northern Ireland (Ulster Museum, Belfast, 1994), ISBN 0-900761-28-8
  • Henry Patterson, Ireland Since 1939: The Persistence of Conflict (Penguin, 2006), ISBN 978-1-84488-104-8
  • P. Hackney (ed.) Stewart’s and Corry’s Flora of the North-east of Ireland 3rd edn. (Institute of Irish Studies, Queen’s University of Belfast, 1992), ISBN 0-85389-446-9(HB)

5. 外部链接 | External links

Northern Irelandat Wikipedia’s sister projects【维基百科姊妹计划中的北爱尔兰相关内容】


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