桨扇发动机 / Propfan – 中英文维基百科词条融合

中文词条原文链接（无法从中国内地访问）：请点击这里访问
英文词条原文链接（无法从中国内地访问）：请点击这里访问
本文基于英文词条的线索，并补充部分来自中文词条的内容（在二者冲突时，以更晚更新者为准）。辽观搬运时进行了必要的合规化处理，以使其能够在中国内地上传。

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1. 正文（发布于知乎专栏）

第一部分（概述、定义、历史）请点击这里访问

第二部分（挑战、型号列表）请点击这里访问

2. 参见（维基百科的相关词条）

• Contra-rotating propellers【对转螺旋桨】
• Ducted fan【涵道风扇】
• Geared turbofan【齿轮传动涡扇发动机】

3. 参考文献 | References

3.1 英文词条引用列表（标号与正文内标号对应）

1.  “Safran tests radical jet engine design in historic wind tunnel”. Reuters. January 20, 2024.
2. ^ “Evolutionary Trail of the Open-Fan Engine | Aviation Week Network”.
3. ^ Jump up to:^a b US 4171183, Cornell, Robert W. & Rohrbach, Carl, “Multi-bladed, high speed prop-fan”, published 16 Oct 1979, assigned to United Technologies Corporation
4. ^ “What is propfan?”. Flight International. January 16, 1982. p. 113. ISSN 0015-3710.
5. ^ Jump up to:^a b c “Propfan/UDF: some answers questioned”. Paris Review. Flight International. June 15, 1985. pp. 8–9. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
6. ^ “Propfans—’the genie is out of the bottle'” (PDF). Air Transport. Flight International. Vol. 129, no. 3999. New Delhi, India. February 22, 1986. p. 8. Retrieved May 17, 2019.
7. ^ EASA 2015, pp. 5–6.
8. ^ El-Sayed, Ahmed F. (July 6, 2017). Aircraft propulsion and gas turbine engines (2nd ed.). CRC Press. Table 6.11. ISBN 9781466595187. OCLC 986784025.
9. ^ Kuntz et al., pp. 2 to 3.
10. ^ “Metrovick F.5: Open-fan thrust augmenter on standard F.2 gas generator”. Flight. January 2, 1947. p. 18. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
11. ^ Kuntz et al., p. 3.
12. ^ Rohrbach, C.; Metzger, F. B. (September 29 – October 1, 1975). The Prop-Fan – A new look in propulsors. 11th Propulsion Conference. Vol. 75–1208. Anaheim, CA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). doi:10.2514/6.1975-1208.
13. ^ Ferrell, J. E. (October 12, 1986). “Propfan gets another whirl”. San Francisco Examiner. Retrieved April 25, 2019 – via Chicago Tribune.
14. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Schefter, Jim (March 1985). “So long, jets? Ingenious new blades make propliners as fast as jets”. Cover story. Popular Science. Vol. 226, no. 3. pp. 66–69. ISSN 0161-7370.
15. ^ Wilford, John Noble (August 24, 1982). “Sleek, high-performance designs give propellers a future after all”. Science Times. New York Times. Edwards Air Force Base, CA, USA. p. C1. ISSN 0362-4331.
16. ^ Rohrbach, Carl (July 26–29, 1976). A report on the aerodynamic design and wind tunnel test of a Prop-Fan model. 12th Propulsion Conference. Vol. 76–667. Palo Alto, California: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). doi:10.2514/6.1976-667.
17. ^ Jeracki, Robert J.; Mikkelson, Daniel C.; Blaha, Bernard J. (April 3–6, 1979). Wind tunnel performance of four energy efficient propellers designed for Mach 0.8 cruise. SAE Business Aircraft Meeting and Exposition. Vol. 790573. Wichita, KA: Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). doi:10.4271/790573. hdl:2060/19790011898. OCLC 37181399.
18. ^ Goldsmith 1981.
19. ^ “Propfanned G2 takes to the air” (PDF). World News. Flight International. Vol. 131, no. 4061. Marietta, GA, USA. May 9, 1987. p. 2. ISSN 0015-3710.
20. ^ Hager & Vrabel 1988, p. 56.
21. ^ “Gulfstream flies with propfan” (PDF). Propulsion. Flight International. Vol. 131, no. 4062. May 16, 1987. p. 16. ISSN 0015-3710.
22. ^ “Propfan acoustic tests completed” (PDF). Flight International. Vol. 133, no. 4114. May 21, 1988. p. 37. ISSN 0015-3710.
23. ^ Poland, D. T.; Bartel, H. W.; Brown, P. C. (July 11–13, 1988). PTA flight test overview. Joint Propulsion Conference (24th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts, USA. doi:10.2514/6.1988-2803. OCLC 1109689683.
24. ^ Rickley, E.J. (September 1989). En route noise: NASA propfan test aircraft (calculated source noise) (Report). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Office of Environment. pp. 41–59. alternate url
25. ^ Garber, Donald P.; Willshire, William L. Jr. (September 1994). En route noise levels from Propfan Test Assessment airplane (Report). Hampton, VA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). alternate url
26. ^ “NASA shuttle training aircraft”. Texas Air & Space Museum. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
27. ^ GE Aircraft Engines 1987.
28. ^ “Manufacturers positioning for coming competitive battles”. Air Transport World. No. September 1986. Farnborough, England, United Kingdom. pp. 20+. ISSN 0002-2543. G.E., however, insisted that open rotors’ efficiency drops off at a much higher speed. Gordon said Boeing has G.E.’s and its own results from UDF windtunnel tests up to Mach 0.9 and continues to list the UDF as the baseline engine on the 7J7 that has a design cruise speed of Mach 0.83. ‘Boeing is not crazy,’ he told ATW.
29. ^ “GE’s UDF flies again” (PDF). Air Transport. Flight International. Vol. 130, no. 4027. Mojave, CA, USA. September 6, 1986. p. 23. ISSN 0015-3710.
30. ^ “Propfans ready by 1990”. Paris Report. Flight International. June 8, 1985. p. 5. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 25, 2014. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
31. ^ Warwick, Graham (August 15, 1987). “UHB: the acid test”. Flight International. pp. 22–23. Retrieved March 22, 2019.
32. ^ “Delta demands 150-seater as MDF-100 dies” (PDF). Air transport. Flight International. Vol. 121, no. 3798. February 20, 1982. p. 404. ISSN 0015-3710.
33. ^ MPC 75 feasibility study — summary report: B1 – project definition (PDF) (Report). Hamburg, DE: MBB CATIC Association. July 1987 – via FZT HAW.
34. ^ Fischer, B.; Chen, J.Z. (September 20–25, 1992). MPC75 – The evolution of a new regional airliner for the late nineties (PDF). Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences (18th ed.). Beijing, PRC. pp. 1084–93. OCLC 761191715.
35. ^ “ATR plans 100-seater” (PDF). Farnborough First News. Flight International. Farnborough, England, UK. September 10, 1988. p. 16. ISSN 0015-3710.
36. ^ Jump up to:^a b Sedbon, Gilbert (December 17, 1988). “Spain joins ‘ATR 92’ study” (PDF). Flight International. Paris, France. p. 14. ISSN 0015-3710.
37. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Snecma raises propfan funds”. Air Transport. Flight International. Vol. 132, no. 4086. Paris, France. October 31, 1987. p. 6. ISSN 0015-3710.
38. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Propfan aircraft” (PDF). Developments. Science and Technology Perspectives. Vol. 2, no. 12. Foreign Broadcast Information Service (published August 21, 1987). June 20, 1987. p. 2. OCLC 13857080. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2017. {{cite magazine}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
39. ^ “TU-134 replacement decision due”. Moscow Aerospace ’90. Flight International. Vol. 138, no. 4237. October 10–16, 1990. p. 28. ISSN 0015-3710.
40. ^ Postlethwaite, Alan (April 29, 1989). “Tupolev unveils propfan airliner”. Flight International. Vol. 135, no. 4162. Moscow, Soviet Union. p. 10. ISSN 0015-3710.
41. ^ “Ilyushin Il-276 (SVTS)”. Ruslet: Great Encyclopedia of Russian and Chinese Aviation (in Russian). Retrieved April 23, 2019.
42. ^ “Ilyushin IL-18 (Coot): Turboprop-powered passenger airliner / maritime reconnaissance platform”. Archived from the original on March 9, 2019. Retrieved April 23, 2019.
43. ^ Jump up to:^a b Gordon, Yefim; Komissarov, Dmitriy (2003). Ilyushin IL-18/-20/-22: A versatile turboprop transport. Aerofax. p. 47. ISBN 9781857801576. OCLC 52195311.
44. ^ “NK-62, NK-63 – Kuznetsov, USSR” (in Czech).
45. ^ Flight International (2007-07-12). “Whatever happened to propfans?”. Archived from the original on October 20, 2007. Retrieved January 28, 2019.
46. ^ “France backs UDF”. Propulsion. Flight International. Vol. 130, no. 4042. Villaroche, France. December 20, 1986. p. 63. ISSN 0015-3710.
47. ^ Sweetman, Bill (September 2005). “The short, happy life of the Prop-fan: Meet the engine that became embroiled in round one of Boeing v. Airbus, a fight fueled by the cost of oil”. Air & Space/Smithsonian Magazine. Vol. 20, no. 3. pp. 42–49. ISSN 0886-2257. OCLC 109549426. Archived from the original on August 14, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2019.
48. ^ Jump up to:^a b “Soviets show Il-76 mounted ‘propfan'”. Flight International. Vol. 137, no. 4217. May 23–29, 1990. p. 9. ISSN 0015-3710.
49. ^ Komissarov, Dmitriy; Gordon, Yefim (2001). Ilyushin IL-76: Russia’s versatile airlifter. Aerofax. pp. 43–45. ISBN 978-1-85780106-4. OCLC 47676935.
50. ^ “Yak propfan pops into Paris”. Paris Show Report. Flight International. Vol. 140, no. 4272. June 26 – July 2, 1991. p. 16. ISSN 0015-3710.
51. ^ Rybak, Boris (May 22–28, 1991). “Yakovlev takes propfan lead: While development of fuel-saving propfan engines languishes in the West, work continues in the Soviet Union where recent fuel shortages have underscored the need for new engine technology”. Commercial Engines. Flight International. Vol. 139, no. 4267. pp. 27–28. ISSN 0015-3710.
52. ^ Jump up to:^a b Postlethwaite, Alan (May 9–15, 1990). “Yakovlev strikes back: Propfan and other high-technology derivatives of the Yak-42 airliner (NATO codename Clobber) are planned”. Flight International. Vol. 137, no. 4215. pp. 61–62, 65–66. ISSN 0015-3710.
53. ^ “More detailed information about D-27 engine”. SE Ivchenko-Progress. Archived from the original on 2013-01-26. Retrieved 2012-06-29.
54. ^ Dmytriyev, Sergiy (October 12–14, 2015). Ivchenko-Progress innovations for turboprop engines (PDF). 5th Symposium on Collaboration in Aircraft Design. Naples, Italy. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 19, 2019.
55. ^ Jump up to:^a b Velovich, Alexander (February 9–15, 1994). “Against all odds: Despite having to toil in a cold economic climate, Antonov has rolled out the first of what it hopes will be many of its An-70 four-engine transport aircraft”. Antonov An-70. Flight International. Vol. 145, no. 4407. pp. 34–35. ISSN 0015-3710.
56. ^ “An-180 project by ANTK O.K.Antonov”.
57. ^ “Freighter of the future?”. Air Cargo World. February 15, 2013.
58. ^ “Manufacturers news” (PDF). Civil News. Scramble. No. 471. Dutch Aviation Society. August 2018. p. 38. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 2, 2019.
59. ^ US application 2009020643, Airbus & Christophe Cros, “Aircraft having reduced environmental impact”, published 2009-01-22
60. ^ Alekseyev, Col. Yu. (1988). “Propfan engines”. Zarubezhnoye Voyennoye Obozreniye (10). Moscow: Soviet Union Ministry of Defense (published March 21, 1989): 27–29. OCLC 946659244 – via Soviet Union Foreign Military Review.
61. ^ “United Kingdom aerospace and weapons projects: Gas turbines”. Archived from the original on March 5, 2013. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
62. ^ Colchester, Nicholas (March 24, 1986). “Elegance is key to cut and thrust”. Technology. Financial Times. p. 12.
63. ^ Karnozov, Vladimir (September 3, 2008). “Yakovlev ready to call for MS-21 systems tenders as design freeze nears”. Flight International. Moscow, Russia.
64. ^ Butterworth-Hayes, Philip (March 2010). “Open rotor research revs up” (PDF). Aerospace America. Vol. 48, no. 3. pp. 38–42. ISSN 0740-722X. OCLC 664005753. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 2, 2015.
65. ^ “Safran celebrates successful start of Open Rotor demonstrator tests on new open-air test rig in southern France” (Press release). Safran. October 3, 2017. Archived from the original on August 29, 2018. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
66. ^ Angrand, Antony (May 10, 2019). “Safran ponders open rotor options”. Air & Cosmos International. No. 7. pp. 22–23. ISSN 1240-3113 – via Issuu.
67. ^ Jump up to:^a b Ebner, Ulrike (February 14, 2018). “Treibstoff-sparwunder: Open rotor”. Flug Revue (in German). Archived from the original on March 29, 2019.
68. ^ Cueille, Stéphane (March 25, 2019). “What does the future hold in store for the Open Rotor?”. Archived from the original on March 29, 2019. Retrieved March 29, 2019 – via Safran.
69. ^ Jump up to:^a b Karnozov, Vladimir (May 1, 2007). “Military engines: Development thrusts”. Flight International. Moscow, Russia. ISSN 0015-3710. Archived from the original on April 2, 2016.
70. ^ Jump up to:^a b c d Croft, John (July 5, 2012). “Open rotor noise not a barrier to entry: GE”. Flight International. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
71. ^ Jump up to:^a b Spencer, Jessica C. (October 25, 2017). “Stage 5 aircraft noise standards approved in US – what does it mean for airports?”. Archived from the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
72. ^ Jump up to:^a b Eshel, Tamir (January 2, 2014). “Snecma tests open rotor engine”. Defense Update. Archived from the original on July 3, 2017. Retrieved April 10, 2019.
73. ^ Norris, Guy; Dubois, Thierry (June 25, 2021). “CFM Details Open-Fan Plan For Next-gen Engine”. Aviation Week. Archived from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
74. ^ Kjelgaard, Chris (November 10, 2021). “Commercial-engine OEMs detail emissions work”. Dubai Airshow. AINonline.
75. ^ Spakovszky, Zoltan (2009). “Unified propulsion lecture 1”. Unified Engineering Lecture Notes. MIT. Archived from the original on March 31, 2018. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
76. ^ Garrison, Peter (February 1990). “Props and circumstance”. Technicalities. Flying. Vol. 117, no. 2.
77. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Hammitt, Tom (June 1985). “Ace of blades: Their radical shapes hiding a conservative streak, propfans could combine fanjet speed with propeller efficiency”. Flying. Vol. 112, no. 6. pp. 66–68, 70. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
78. ^ “Date set for Allison UHB flight test”. Propulsion. Flight International. Long Beach, CA, USA. February 8, 1986. pp. 50–51. Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
79. ^ “The fans are flying”. Farnborough Report. Flight International. September 13, 1986. pp. 18, 20. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
80. ^ Hager & Vrabel 1988, p. 6.
81. ^ Nesbitt, Jim (September 22, 1985). “Jet engines propel into new era”. Orlando Sentinel. Marietta, Georgia, USA. Archived from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
82. ^ Moll, Nigel (May 1987). “7J7: The next new Boeing”. Flying. pp. 37, 39.
83. ^ GE Aircraft Engines 1987, p. 163.
84. ^ Hager & Vrabel 1988, p. 82.
85. ^ Warwick, Graham; Moxon, Julian (May 23, 1987). “The power of persuasion”. Flight International. Washington, DC, USA. pp. 39–41.
86. ^ Trimble, Stephen (February 12, 2014). “Analysis: Noise goals in sight for open-rotor researchers”. News. Flight International. Washington, D. C., USA. p. 28. ISSN 0015-3710.
87. ^ “The ‘easyJet ecoJet’ to cut CO2 emissions by 50% by 2015”. easyJet airline co. Archived from the original on June 16, 2007. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
88. ^ Robinson, Tim (October 6, 2017). “Can easyJet short circuit electric airliner flight?”. Royal Aeronautical Society.
89. ^ Learmount, David (August 30, 1986). “US air transport technology: where next?”. Flight International. pp. 120–122, 124, 128. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
90. ^ Doyle, Andrew (October 5, 2009). “Keeping options open”. Flight International. London, England, UK.
91. ^ Banks, Howard (May 7, 1984). “The next step: Jets drove propellers from the skies. But radical designs are bringing props back, creating engines that promise jetlike speeds and enormous fuel savings” (PDF). Forbes. pp. 31–33 – via NASA Langley Research Center Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Team.

总体来源 | General resources

• Prop fan propulsion concepts: Technology Review, Design Methodology, State-of-the-art designs and future outlook. Raymond Scott Ciszek. University of Virginia Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering. Senior Thesis Project. March 25, 2002

3.2 英文词条来源文献 | Bibliography

• Dubois, Thierry; Warwick, Graham (January 9–22, 2017). “Last of the CRORs: Safran is about to test a counter-rotating open rotor engine, despite waning appeal”. Advanced Propulsion. Aviation Week & Space Technology. Vol. 179, no. 1. Lyon, France and Washington, D.C., USA. p. 54. OCLC 969306167.
• Kinney, Jeremy R. (2017). “4: The Quest for Propulsive Efficiency, 1976–1989” (PDF). The power for flight: NASA’s contributions to aircraft propulsion. NASA aeronautics book series. Vol. 631. pp. 114–125. hdl:2060/20180003207. ISBN 9781626830370. OCLC 990183146. alternate url
• Notice of proposed amendment (NPA) 2015-22: Open rotor engine and installation (PDF), European Aviation Safety Agency, December 21, 2015, archived (PDF) from the original on August 25, 2018, retrieved March 28, 2019
• Khalid, S. Arif; Lurie, David; Breeze-Stringfellow, Andrew; Wood, Trevor; Ramakrishnan, Kishore; Paliath, Umesh; Wojno, John; Janardan, Bangalore; Goerig, Trevor; Opalski, Anthony; Barrett, Jack (May 2013). “FAA CLEEN program open rotor aeroacoustic technology non-proprietary report” (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration. General Electric. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
• Coniglio, Sergio (February 2010). “Military aircraft propulsion: Jets vs. props”. Military Technology (MILTECH). Vol. 34, no. 2. Mönch Publishing Group. pp. 77–84. ISSN 0722-3226. OCLC 527912380.
• Bowles, Mark (2010). “Advanced turboprops and laminar flow” (PDF). The Apollo of aeronautics: NASA’s aircraft energy efficiency program, 1973-1987. NASA-SP. Vol. 2009–574. Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration. pp. 122–136. hdl:2060/20110011568. ISBN 9780160842955. OCLC 465190382. Retrieved 25 September 2018. alternate url
• Doyle, Andrew (October 6, 2009). “Open rotor: how does it work?”. Flight International. London, England, UK. ISSN 0015-3710.
• Turner, Aimée (March 23, 2009). “Back to the windtunnel”. Flight International. London, England, United Kingdom.
• “EU explores cleaner airplanes”. Farnborough Air Show. AINonline. July 24, 2008.
• Bowles, Mark D.; Dawson, Virginia P. (1998). “Chapter 14: The advanced turboprop project: Radical innovation in a conservative environment”. In Mack, Pamela (ed.). From engineering science to big science: The NACA and NASA Collier Trophy research project winners. NASA-SP. Vol. 4219. pp. 321–343. hdl:2060/20000012419. ISBN 978-0-16-049640-0. OCLC 757401658. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
• Kuznetsov, N. D. (June 28–30, 1993). Propfan engines. Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit (29th ed.). Monterey, California, USA. doi:10.2514/6.1993-1981.
• Kuntz, H. L.; Gatineau, R. J.; Prydz, R. A.; Balena, F. J. (October 1991). Development and testing of cabin sidewall acoustic resonators for the reduction of cabin tone levels in propfan-powered aircraft (Report). hdl:2060/19920004539. OCLC 976747507. alternate url
• Kuntz, H. L.; Gatineau, R. J. (May 1991). Laboratory test and acoustic analysis of cabin treatment for Propfan Test Assessment aircraft (Report). OCLC 27904451. alternate url
• United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (August 1990). Preliminary technology cost estimates of measures available to reduce U.S. greenhouse gas emissions by 2010 (Report). Attachment D: Memo from Michael Kavanaugh on UDF aircraft engine.
• Postlethwaite, Alan (April 18–24, 1990). “Opening doors: The Soviet aerospace industry is in transition as military cuts hit and its factories start producing consumer goods”. Flight International. pp. 28–31.
• Little, B. H.; Poland, D. T.; Bartel, H. W.; Withers, C. C.; Brown, P. C. (July 1989). Propfan test assessment (PTA): Final project report. Vol. NASA-CR-185138. hdl:2060/19900002423. OCLC 891598373. alternate url
• Little, B. H.; Barrel, H. W.; Reddy, N. N.; Swift, G.; Withers, C. C.; Brown, P. C. (April 1989). Propfan test assessment (PTA): Flight test report. Vol. NASA-CR-182278. hdl:2060/19900002422. OCLC 57716217. alternate url
• “Douglas holds back on propfan launch” (PDF). Flight International. Vol. 134, no. 4127. August 20, 1988. p. 12.
• DeGeorge, C. L. (1988). Large-scale advanced prop-fan (LAP): Final report. Vol. NASA-CR-182112. hdl:2060/19880010922. OCLC 23092598. alternate url
• Hager, Roy V.; Vrabel, Deborah (1988). Advanced turboprop project. NASA SP-495. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Scientific and Technical Information Division. hdl:2060/19890003194. OCLC 17508419. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 13, 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2019. alternate url
• GE Aircraft Engines (December 1987). Full scale technology demonstration of a modern counterrotating unducted fan engine concept. Design report. hdl:2060/19900000732. OCLC 1013402936 – via Internet Archive. alternate url
• Donne, Michael (September 5, 1986). “The new aero-engines: A path to cheaper flight”. Financial Times. Farnborough, England, United Kingdom. p. 20.
• Moxon, Julian (May 24, 1986). “After the big turbofans”. Civil Propulsion. Flight International. Vol. 129, no. 4012. pp. 32, 34. ISSN 0015-3710.
• Skipp, Peter (December 14, 1985). “Tupolev and the new generation: Alexei Tupolev is looking ahead to a replacement for the Tu-154, the USSR’s most widely-used short-to-medium-range jet airliner. He is also seeing into service a 154 derivative which will operate for many years to come”. Flight International. pp. 30–31.
• Whitlow, J. B., Jr.; Sievers, G. K. (September 10–11, 1984). Fuel savings potential of the NASA advanced turboprop program. Aviation Fuel Conservation Symposium. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Washington, D. C., USA. hdl:2060/19840021809. OCLC 11694598. alternate url
• “Soviet designers look ahead”. Flight International. February 13, 1982. p. 335.
• Moxon, Julian (January 16, 1982). “Propfan: The propeller to replace jets?”. Flight International. Windsor Locks, Connecticut, USA. pp. 112–114. ISSN 0015-3710.
• Goldsmith, I. M. (February 1981). A study to define the research and technology requirements for advanced turbo/propfan transport aircraft. Vol. NASA-CR-166138. hdl:2060/19820010328. alternate url

3.3 中文词条参考文献

1. ^ Flight International (2007-07-12). “Whatever happened to propfans?”. Retrieved 2007-07-14.

• “Green sky thinking – carbon credits and the propfan comeback?” （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Flight International, June 12, 2007.
• The “easyJet ecoJet” to cut CO2 emissions by 50% by 2015
• The Short, Happy Life of the Prop-fan Air & Space Magazine, September 1, 2005
• “open rotor” jet engine （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• “Metrovick F.5 – Open-Fan Thrust Augmenter” （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） a 1947 Flight article on an early propfan

4. 外部链接 | External links

• Variable pitch propfan. NASA Lewis Educational TV (Television production). 1987.
• “Keith Henry archives collection: Prop-fan noise reduction and prop-fan propulsion research”. NASA Cultural Resources (CRGIS). 3 February 2016. Retrieved April 25, 2019.
• Aguilar, Hector; Haan, Leon de; Knuyt, Jerry; Nieuwendijk, Lisa (December 2017). “Propfan, an alternative for turbofan engines: Tackling the technical design characteristics of a propfan” (PDF). AviationFacts.eu. Aviation Academy at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
• Norris, Guy (June 12, 2007). “Green sky thinking – carbon credits and the propfan comeback?”. Flight International. ISSN 0015-3710. Archived from the original on June 21, 2007. Retrieved January 28, 2019.
• Sandru, Mike (October 27, 2008). “A new ‘open rotor’ jet engine that could reduce fuel consumption”. The Green Optimistic. Archived from the original on December 17, 2018. Retrieved January 28, 2019.
• Norris, Guy (June 25, 2021). “Evolutionary Trail Of The Open-Fan Engine”. aviationweek.com. Retrieved 2021-06-28.