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目录
0. 概述
辽观注：此标题是我们在搬运、整合过程中添加的。
TED Conferences, LLC (Technology, Entertainment, Design[7]) is an American-Canadian non-profit[7] media organization that posts international talks online for free distribution under the slogan “ideas worth spreading”.[8] It was founded by Richard Saul Wurman and Harry Marks in February 1984[2] as a technology conference, in which Mickey Schulhof gave a demo of the compact disc that was invented in October 1982.[5] Its main conference has been held annually since 1990.[6][9] It covers almost all topics—from science to business to global issues—in more than 100 languages.[7]
【参考译文】TED Conference LLC.（指Technology, Entertainment, Design在英语中的缩写，即技术、娱乐、设计）是一个美国-加拿大非营利媒体组织，标志是“值得传播的想法”，它在网上免费发布国际演讲。TED于1984年2月由Richard Saul Wurman和Harry Marks创立，最初是一个技术会议，当时Mickey Schulhof在会上演示了1982年10月发明的CD。自1990年以来，它的主要会议每年举行一次。TED涵盖几乎所有主题，从科学到商业再到全球问题，支持100多种语言。
TED大会希望传达这样一个的信息，即优秀的思想可以改变人们对这个世界的看法，使人们反思自己的行为。TED大会只是TED社区的一部分，任何人，只要他认同某个TED演讲所传递的观点，都是TED社区的一员，他们都可以为实现某个伟大的理想而共同努力。
2002年起，克里斯·安德森[5]接管TED，创立了种子基金会[来源请求]，并营运TED大会。每年3月，TED大会在美国召集众多科学、设计、文学、音乐等领域的杰出人物，分享他们关于技术、社会、人的思考和探索。
TED环球会议是TED大会的子会议。2005年，第一届TED环球会议在英国召开[6]。2007年，TED非洲大会在坦桑尼亚召开。2008年9月，第二届TED非洲大会于南非召开。
TED’s early emphasis was on technology and design, consistent with its Silicon Valley origins. It later broadened to include scientific, cultural, political, humanitarian, and academic topics.[10] It has been curated by Chris Anderson, a British-American businessman, through the non-profit TED Foundation since July 2019 (originally by the non-profit Sapling Foundation).[1][11][12]
【参考译文】ED的早期重点是技术和设计，与其硅谷起源一致。后来它扩展到包括科学、文化、政治、人道主义和学术等主题。自2019年7月以来，英美商人Chris Anderson通过非营利机构TED基金会进行策划（最初由非营利机构Sapling Foundation）。
The main TED conference has been held annually in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, at the Vancouver Convention Centre since 2014. The first conferences from 1984 (TED1) through 2008 (TED2008) were held at the Monterey Conference Center in Monterey, California.[13] Between 2009 and 2014, it was held in Long Beach, California, United States.[14] TED events are also held throughout North America and in Europe, Asia, and Africa, offering live streaming of the talks. TED returned to Monterey in 2021 with TEDMonterey. The talks address a wide range of topics within the research and practice of science and culture, often through storytelling.[15]
【参考译文】自2014年以来，主要TED会议每年在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华的温哥华会议中心举行。从1984年（TED1）到2008年（TED2008），第一次会议在加州蒙特雷会议中心举行。2009年至2014年间，会议在美国加州长滩举行。TED活动在北美和欧洲、亚洲和非洲各地举行，提供演讲的现场直播。TED于2021年回到了蒙特雷，举办了TED蒙特雷会议。这些演讲涵盖了科学和文化研究实践领域内各种主题，通常通过讲故事的方式呈现。
Since June 2006,[3] TED Talks had been offered for free viewing online, under an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives Creative Commons license, through TED.com.[18] As of December 2020, over 3,500 talks are freely available on the official website.[19] In June 2011, TED Talks’ combined viewing figures surpassed 500 million,[20] and by November 2012, they had been watched over one billion times worldwide.[21] While the talks are available free online, sharing TED content in commercial contexts (such as corporate learning and talent development) requires a license.[22]
【参考译文】自2006年6月起，TED演讲在http://TED.com网站上以署名-非商业-禁止演绎的创意共享许可证进行免费观看。截至2020年12月，官方网站上有超过3500个演讲可供免费观看。2011年6月，TED演讲的总观看次数超过5亿次，截至2012年11月，全球观看次数已超过10亿次。虽然这些演讲在网上免费提供，但在商业环境（如企业学习和人才发展）中分享TED内容需要许可证。
从2006年起，TED演讲的视频被上传到网上。截至2014年12月，TED官方网站上收录的TED演讲视频总数已经超过1900个[7]，截至2008年7月，这些TED演讲的视频的阅览量已经超过了5000万[8]。所有的TED演讲的视频都是以知识共享（BY-NC-ND）的方式予以授权的。[9]
| Type of business【业务类型】 | LLC【有限责任公司】 |
|---|---|
| Type of site【网站类型】 | Conference【研讨会】 |
| Available in【使用的语言】 | English, multilingual subtitles, transcript 【英语，多语种字幕，文本稿】 |
| Founded【创立于】 | February 23, 1984【1984年2月23日】 |
| Headquarters【总部】 | New York, New York, U.S.【美国纽约州纽约市】 Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada【加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华市】 |
| Area served【服务范围】 | Canada【加拿大】 United States【美国】 |
| Owner【所有者】 | Sapling Foundation (1984–2019)【种子基金会（1984-2019）】 TED Foundation (2019–present)[1]【TED基金会（2019–至今）】 |
| Founder(s)【创立者】 | Richard Saul Wurman[2] Harry Marks[2][3] |
| Revenue【营业额】 | ↑ US$66.2 million (2015)[4]【6620万美元（2015年）】 |
| URL【网址】 | http://ted.com |
| Registration【对注册账户的要求】 | Optional【不强制要求】 |
| Launched【启动于】 | February 23, 1984 (first conference)[5]【首次研讨会：1984年2月23日】 February 22, 1990 (first annual event)[6]【首次年度活动：1990年2月22日】 |
| Current status【现状】 | Active【活跃】 |
1. 历史 | History
1.1 1984-1999年：创立及早期 | 1984–1999: Founding and early years
TED was conceived in 1984 by Richard Saul Wurman, FAIA ’76, [23] and co-founded by Emmy-winning broadcast and graphic designer Harry Marks and CBS President Emeritus Frank Stanton. The conference featured demos of the compact disc, co-developed by Philips and Sony, and one of the first demonstrations of the Apple Macintosh computer.[3][24] Presentations were given by the mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot and others such as Nicholas Negroponte and Stewart Brand. The event was financially unsuccessful; six years elapsed before a second conference was organized.[25]
【参考译文】TED成立于1984年，由理查德·索尔·沃曼（Richard Saul Wurman，FAIA ’76）构想，与艾美奖获奖的广播和平面设计师哈里·马克斯（Harry Marks）以及哥伦比亚广播公司前任总裁弗兰克·斯坦顿（Frank Stanton）共同创立。会议展示了由飞利浦和索尼共同开发的CD和苹果Macintosh计算机的早期演示。数学家Beniot Mandelbrot等人以及尼古拉斯·尼格罗蓬特（Nicholas Negroponte）和斯图尔特·布兰德（Stewart Brand）等人均做了演讲。这次活动在经济上并不成功，六年后才组织了第二次会议。
TED2 was held at the same Monterey Conference Center in California in 1990. From 1990 onward, a growing community of “TEDsters” gathered annually with Wurman leading the conference in Monterey until 2009,[26] when it was moved to Long Beach, California due to a substantial increase in the number of those attending.[27][28] Speakers were initially drawn from the fields of expertise behind the acronym TED; but during the 1990s, presenters broadened to include scientists, philosophers, musicians, religious leaders, philanthropists, and many others.[25]
【参考译文】TED2于1990年在加利福尼亚州蒙特利会议中心举行。从1990年开始，一个不断壮大的“TEDsters”社区每年在沃曼的带领下在蒙特雷举行会议，直到2009年，由于参与者数量大大增加，会议被转移到加利福尼亚州长滩。最初，演讲者来自TED首字母缩写背后的专业领域；但在20世纪90年代，演讲者的范围扩大到包括科学家、哲学家、音乐家、宗教领袖、慈善家等众多领域。
1.2 2000年至今：近年的成长 | 2000–present: recent growth
In 2000, Wurman, looking for a successor at age 65, met with new-media entrepreneur and TED enthusiast Chris Anderson to discuss future happenings. Anderson’s UK media company Future bought TED for $14 million ($12 million in cash and $2 million in stocks). In November 2001, Anderson’s non-profit The Sapling Foundation (motto: “fostering the spread of great ideas”)[1] acquired TED from Future for £6m.[29] In February 2002, Anderson gave a TED Talk in which he explained his vision of the conference and his future role of curator.[30] Wurman left after the 2002 conference.
【参考译文】2000年，当时65岁的沃曼正在寻找一位继任者，与新媒体企业家和TED爱好者克里斯·安德森会面，讨论未来发展计划。安德森的英国媒体公司Future以1400万美元（1200万美元现金和200万美元股票）购买了TED。2001年11月，安德森的非营利组织The Sapling Foundation（座右铭：“传播伟大思想”）以600万英镑从Future手中收购了TED。2002年2月，安德森在一次TED演讲中解释了他对会议的愿景以及他未来作为策展人的角色。沃曼在2002年会议之后离开了TED。
In 2006, attendance cost was $4,400 per person and was by invitation only.[31] The membership model was shifted in January 2007 to an annual membership fee of $6,000, which included attendance of the conference, club mailings, networking tools, and conference DVDs. The 2018 conference was $10,000 per attendee.[32]
【参考译文】2006年，每人的参会费用为4400美元，并且只限邀请参加。会员模式于2007年1月转变为每年6000美元的会员费，其中包括参加会议、俱乐部邮件、社交工具和会议DVD。2018年的会议费用为每位参会者10000美元。
Between 2001 and 2006, TED upgraded its platform to provide TED talks online for free, added TEDGlobal that became a worldwide conference, and created the TED Prize.
【参考译文】在2001年至2006年期间，TED升级了其平台，提供免费在线TED演讲，增设了全球范围的TEDGlobal会议，并创建了TED奖项。
In 2012, TED community director Tom Rielly helped the producers of Prometheus gain approval for the use of the TED brand in the promotional short film TED 2023, designed by Rielly with Ridley Scott and Damon Lindelof, directed by Luke Scott, and starring Guy Pearce as Peter Weyland, who in the film speaks at a fictional TED conference at Wembley Stadium in the then-future of 2023; on the film’s release, Rielly noted that the association had generated millions of unique visits to the TED website.[33]
【参考译文】2012年，TED社区总监汤姆·瑞利帮助《普罗米修斯》的制作人获得了在宣传短片《TED 2023》中使用TED品牌的批准。该短片由瑞利与雷德利·斯科特和达蒙·林德洛夫设计，由卢克·斯科特执导，盖·皮尔斯饰演彼得·韦兰，他在这部电影中在2023年的虚构TED大会上演讲；短片发布后，瑞利指出这种关联为TED网站带来了数百万次独立访问。
In 2014, the conference was moved to Vancouver, Canada.[34]
【参考译文】2014年，TED会议搬迁至加拿大温哥华。
TED is currently funded by various revenue streams, including attendance fees, corporate sponsorships, foundation support, licensing fees, and book sales. Corporate sponsors are diverse, including companies such as Google, GE, AOL, Goldman Sachs, and The Coca-Cola Company. Sponsors do not participate in the event’s creation, nor are they allowed to present on the main stage.[35][36]
【参考译文】TED目前通过多种收入来源资助，包括参会费、企业赞助、基金会支持、许可费和图书销售。企业赞助商种类繁多，包括Google、通用电气、AOL、高盛和可口可乐公司等。赞助商不参与活动的策划，也不被允许在主舞台上发表演讲。
In 2015, TED staff consisted of about 180 people headquartered in New York City and Vancouver, British Columbia.[37] On July 1, 2019, the TED Conferences LLC was transferred from Sapling Foundation to TED Foundation to “align with our brand and make it easier for our donors to connect TED donations to TED Conferences, LLC.”[38][39]
【参考译文】2015年，TED的员工大约有180人，总部设在纽约市和加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的温哥华。2019年7月1日，TED Conferences LLC从Sapling基金会转移到TED基金会，以“与我们的品牌保持一致，并让我们的捐赠者更容易将捐款与TED Conferences LLC联系起来”。
At TED 2015, Bill Gates warned that the world was not prepared for the next pandemic, a warning some felt manifested with the COVID-19 pandemic beginning late 2019.[40]
【参考译文】在TED 2015上，比尔·盖茨警告称，世界并未准备好应对下一次疫情，这一警告被一些人认为在2019年末开始的COVID-19大流行中得到了体现。
In 2021, TED launched the TED Audio Collective with a number of podcasts featuring previous TED Talks and other relevant topics.[41]
【参考译文】2021年，TED推出了TED音频集合，包括许多播客节目，其中包括以往的TED演讲和其他相关主题。
TED 2022 was held in Vancouver. There was criticism after Marvin Rees, Mayor of Bristol, flew 9,200 miles (14,800 km) to speak about climate change and the need for reduced carbon emissions.[42]
【参考译文】TED 2022年会在温哥华举行。布里斯托尔市长马文·里斯飞行9200英里（14800公里）前往会议演讲气候变化和减少碳排放的需求后，引发了批评。
2. TED奖项 | TED Prize
The TED Prize was introduced in 2005. Until 2010, $100,000 was given annually to three individuals with a “wish to change the world”.[43] Each winner unveiled their wish at the main annual conference. Since 2010, a single winner has been chosen to ensure that TED can maximize its efforts in achieving the winner’s wish. In 2012, the prize was not awarded to a person, but to a concept connected to the current global phenomenon of increasing urbanization. In 2013, the prize amount was increased to $1 million.[44] TED Prize winners in previous years have been:
【参考译文】TED奖项于2005年推出。直到2010年，每年会给予三名拥有“改变世界愿望”的个人10万美元。每位获奖者在年度主要会议上公布他们的愿望。自2010年以来，每次只选择一名获奖者，以确保TED能够最大程度地努力实现获奖者的愿望。2012年，该奖项并未颁发给个人，而是颁发给了与当前全球不断增长的城市化现象相关的一个概念。2013年，奖金数额增加至100万美元。以往的TED奖项获奖者包括：
TED Conference commissioned New York artist Tom Shannon to create a prize sculpture for all TED Prize winners. It consists of an eight-inch-diameter (20 cm) aluminum sphere magnetically levitated above a walnut disc.[61] As of 2018 the prize has been recast as The Audacious Project.[62]
【参考译文】TED会议委托纽约艺术家汤姆·香农为所有TED奖项获奖者制作奖杯雕塑。这个雕塑由一个直径为八英寸（20厘米）的铝球通过磁悬浮悬浮在一个胡桃木圆盘上。截至2018年，该奖项已重塑为“大胆计划”（The Audacious Project）。
3. http://TED.com
In 2005, Chris Anderson hired June Cohen as Director of TED Media. In June 2006, after Cohen’s idea of a TV show based on TED lectures was rejected by several networks, a selection of talks that had received highest audience ratings was posted on the websites of TED, YouTube and iTunes under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0.[63][64] Only a handful of talks was initially posted to see if there was an audience for them. In January of the following year, the number of talks on the sites had grown to 44, and they had been viewed more than three million times. On the basis of that success, the organization pumped hundreds of thousands of dollars into its video production operations and the development of a website to feature about 100 of the talks.[63][65]
【参考译文】2005年，克里斯·安德森聘请朱恩·科恩担任TED媒体总监。2006年6月，在科恩提出基于TED演讲的电视节目的想法被几家电视网络拒绝后，一系列获得最高观众评分的演讲被发布在TED、YouTube和iTunes网站上，采用知识共享署名-非商业-禁止演绎3.0许可。最初只发布了少量演讲，以查看是否有受众。到接下来的一月，网站上的演讲数量增长到44个，观看次数超过300万次。基于这一成功，组织向其视频制作业务投入了数十万美元，并开发了一个网站，展示约100个演讲。
In April 2007, the new http://TED.com was launched, developed by New York and San Francisco-based design company Method.[66] The website has won many prizes, including seven Webby Awards, iTunes’ “Best Podcast of the Year” (2006–2010); the Communication Arts Interactive Award for Information Design (2007); the OMMA Award for Video Sharing, the Web Visionary Award for Technical Achievement, and The One Show Interactive Bronze Award (2008); the AIGA Annual Design Competition (2009); and a Peabody Award (2012).[67][68][69][70]
【参考译文】2007年4月，由纽约和旧金山设计公司Method开发的新http://TED.com网站正式上线。该网站赢得了许多奖项，包括七个Webby奖、iTunes“年度最佳播客”奖（2006年至2010年）、Communication Arts信息设计互动奖（2007年）、OMMA奖视频分享奖、Web Visionary奖技术成就奖和The One Show互动铜奖（2008年）、AIGA年度设计大赛（2009年）以及皮博迪奖（2012年）。
In January 2009, TED videos had been viewed 50 million times. In June 2011, they reached 500 million views;[20] and on November 13, 2012, they reached their billionth video view.[21] In March 2012, Chris Anderson said in an interview:
【参考译文】在2009年1月，TED视频观看次数达到了5000万次。到2011年6月，观看次数达到了5亿次；在2012年11月13日，观看次数达到了10亿次。在2012年3月的一次采访中，克里斯·安德森表示:
It used to be 800 people getting together once a year; now it’s about a million people a day watching TED Talks online. When we first put up a few of the talks as an experiment, we got such impassioned responses that we decided to flip the organization on its head and think of ourselves not so much as a conference but as “ideas worth spreading,” building a big website around it. The conference is still the engine, but the website is the amplifier that takes the ideas to the world.
【参考译文】过去，TED是每年聚集800人的盛会；现在每天在线观看TED演讲的人数达到了一百万人。当我们最初发布了一些演讲作为实验时，收到了如此激动人心的反馈，以至于我们决定彻底颠覆组织结构，不再将自己看作是一个会议，而是把自己定义为“值得传播的思想”，并围绕此构建一个庞大的网站。会议仍然是推动力，但网站是将这些思想传播给全世界的放大器。
— Chris Anderson,[71]
——克里斯·安德森
In March 2012, Netflix announced a deal to stream an initial series of 16 two-hour collections of TED Talks on similar subjects. It was made available to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Latin America, the United Kingdom, and Ireland.[72] Hosted by Jami Floyd, TED Talks NYC debuted on NYC Life on March 21, 2012.[73]
【参考译文】2012年3月，Netflix宣布了一项协议，将首次播放16个两小时的TED演讲系列，这些演讲围绕相似主题展开。该内容向美国、加拿大、拉丁美洲、英国和爱尔兰的订阅用户开放。[72]由贾米·弗洛伊德主持的《TED演讲纽约》于2012年3月21日在NYC Life频道首播。[73]
As of October 2020, over 3500 TED talks had been posted,[19] and five to seven new talks are published each week. On TED.com, most talks and speakers are introduced, and talk transcripts are provided; some talks also have footnotes and resource lists.
【参考译文】截至2020年10月，已有超过3500场TED演讲被发布，[19]每周还会新增5至7场新演讲。在http://TED.com上，大多数演讲及其演讲者都配有介绍，同时提供演讲稿的文本；一些演讲还包括脚注和资源列表。
4. 相关项目和事件 | Related projects and events
4.1 TED大会 | TED conferences
This article is about the conference. For the 2012 short film, see TED 2023.
4.2 TED国际 | TEDGlobal
In 2005, under Anderson’s supervision, a more internationally oriented sister conference was added, under the name TEDGlobal. It was held, in chronological order: in Oxford, UK (2005), in Arusha, Tanzania (2007, titled TEDAfrica), in Oxford again (2009 and 2010), and in Edinburgh, UK (2011, 2012, and 2013). In 2014, it was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.[75] Additionally, there was TED India, in Mysore (2009) and TEDGlobal London in London (2015).[76] TEDGlobal 2017 was held again in Arusha, Tanzania, and it was curated and hosted by Emeka Okafor.[77]
【参考译文】在安德森的监督下，于2005年新增了一个更具国际化取向的姐妹会议，名为TEDGlobal。按时间顺序举办的地点为：英国牛津（2005年）、坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙（2007年，题为TEDAfrica）、再次在牛津（2009年和2010年）、英国爱丁堡（2011年、2012年和2013年）。2014年，TEDGlobal在巴西里约热内卢举办。此外，还有TED India在印度迈索尔（2009年）和TEDGlobal London在伦敦（2015年）。TEDGlobal 2017再次在坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙举办，由Emeka Okafor策划和主持。
TED’s European director (and curator of TEDGlobal) is Swiss-born Bruno Giussani.[78]
【参考译文】TED的欧洲主管（也是TEDGlobal的策展人）是出生于瑞士的Bruno Giussani。
The TED 2011 conference, The Rediscovery of Wonder, was held in Long Beach, California, US, from February 28 to March 4, 2011.[79][80] The TED conference has a companion conference, TEDGlobal, held in the UK each summer. The 2009 TEDGlobal, The Substance of Things Not Seen, was held in Oxford, July 21–24, 2009. 2010’s TEDGlobal (again in Oxford) was themed And Now The Good News; in 2011 the conference moved to a new home in Edinburgh and was held July 12–15 with the theme The Stuff Of Life. The 2012 TEDGlobal conference Radical Openness was held in Edinburgh, June 25–29.[81]
【参考译文】TED 2011年会议“再度发现奇迹”于2011年2月28日至3月4日在美国加州长滩举行。TED会议有一个伴随会议，即每年夏天在英国举办的TEDGlobal。2009年的TEDGlobal主题是“看不见的事物的实质”，于2009年7月21日至24日在牛津举行。2010年的TEDGlobal（同样在牛津）主题是“现在好消息是”，2011年会议搬到了爱丁堡新址，并于7月12日至15日举办，主题为“生活的元素”。2012年的TEDGlobal会议“激进的开放”于2012年6月25日至29日在爱丁堡举行。
4.3 TED译者 | TED Translators
TED Translators, formerly known as the Open Translation Project (OTP), started as the TED Open Translation Project in May 2009. It intends to “[reach] out to the 4.5 billion people on the planet who don’t speak English”, according to TED Curator Chris Anderson.[82] The OTP used crowd-based subtitling platforms to translate the text of TED and TED-Ed videos, as well as to caption and translate videos created in the TEDx program. (Until May 2012 it worked with its technology partner dotSUB, and then with the open source translation tool Amara). When the project was launched, 300 translations had been completed in 40 languages by 200 volunteer transcribers.[79] By May 2015, more than 70,000 sets of subtitles in 107 languages[83] had been completed by (an all-time total of) 38,173 volunteer translators.[84]
【参考译文】TED翻译团队，前身为开放翻译项目（OTP），始于2009年5月，最初被称为TED开放翻译项目。根据TED策展人克里斯·安德森的说法，该项目旨在“触及全球45亿不会讲英语的人”。该项目利用基于群体的字幕平台来翻译TED和TED-Ed视频的文字，以及为TEDx项目中创建的视频进行字幕和翻译。（直到2012年5月，它与技术合作伙伴dotSUB合作，之后与开源翻译工具Amara合作）。项目启动时，由200名志愿者翻译员完成了40种语言的300次翻译。
The project helped generate a significant increase in international visitors to TED’s website. Traffic from outside the US has increased 350 percent: there has been 600 percent growth in Asia, and more than 1000 percent in South America.[85] Members have several tools dedicated to knowledge management, such as the OTP Wiki OTPedia, Facebook groups, or video tutorials.[86][87]
【参考译文】到2015年5月，由38173名志愿翻译完成了107种语言的70000组字幕翻译。该项目帮助增加了前往TED网站的国际访问量。来自美国以外地区的流量增加了350％：亚洲增长了600％，南美洲增长了超过1000％。成员拥有多种用于知识管理的工具，如OTP维基OTPedia、Facebook群组或视频教程。
4.4 TEDx
TEDx was founded by Lara Stein. TEDx are independent events similar to TED in presentation. They can be organized by anyone who obtains a free license from TED, and agrees to follow certain principles.[88] TEDx events are required to be non-profit, but organizers may use an admission fee or commercial sponsorship to cover costs.[89] Speakers are not paid and must also relinquish the copyrights to their materials, which TED may edit and distribute under a Creative Commons license.[90]
【参考译文】TEDx由Lara Stein创立。TEDx是类似于TED的独立活动。任何人都可以从TED获得免费许可证，并同意遵守一定的原则来组织TEDx活动。TEDx活动必须是非营利性的，但组织者可以通过门票费用或商业赞助来支付成本。演讲者不会被支付报酬，并且必须放弃他们材料的版权，TED可以根据创意共享许可编辑和分发这些材料。
As of January 2014, the TEDxTalks library contained some 30,000 films and presentations from more than 130 countries.[91][92] As of October 2017, the TEDx archive surpassed 100,000 talks.[93] In March 2013, eight TEDx events were organized every day; raised up from five in June 2012, the previous year, in 133 countries.[94][95] TEDx presentations may include live performances, which are catalogued in the TEDx Music Project.[96]
【参考译文】截至2014年1月，TEDxTalks库中包含来自130多个国家的约30,000部影片和演讲。截至2017年10月，TEDx档案中的演讲已超过10万场。2013年3月，每天举办了八场TEDx活动，较2012年6月的五场有所增加，上一年共有133个国家举办TEDx活动。TEDx演讲可能包括现场表演，这些表演被编入了TEDx音乐项目。
In 2011, TED began a program called “TEDx in a Box”, which is intended to enable people in developing countries to hold TEDx events. TEDx also expanded to include TEDxYouth events, TEDx corporate events, and TEDxWomen.[citation needed] TEDxYouth events are independent programs set up for students who are in grades 7–12.[97] These events usually have audiences of people close to the age of the students and sometimes show TED Talks.[citation needed] According to TEDxSanta Cruz, “as of 2015, over 1,500 [TEDx events] have been scheduled all over the world.”[98]
【参考译文】2011年，TED启动了一个名为“TEDx in a Box”的计划，旨在让发展中国家的人们举办TEDx活动。TEDx还扩展到包括TEDxYouth活动、TEDx企业活动和TEDxWomen。TEDxYouth活动是为七年级到十二年级的学生设置的独立计划。这些活动通常吸引与学生年龄相近的观众，并有时播放TED演讲。据TEDxSanta Cruz称，“截至2015年，全球已安排了超过1500场TEDx活动”。
TEDx events have evolved over time. Events such as TEDxBeaconStreet created TEDx Adventures for participants. People may sign up for free, hands-on experiences in their local communities, led by an expert.[99]
【参考译文】随着时间的推移，TEDx活动得到了发展。诸如TEDxBeaconStreet之类的活动为参与者创建了TEDx探险项目。人们可以免费报名参加由专家领导的本地社区实践活动。
A TEDx youth event license follows the same format as the standard event license and falls within the same TEDx event rules, except this event is oriented towards youth. TEDxYouth licenses may be held by youth, adults, or a combination of both. For events held at schools, the license must be held by a current student, faculty, or staff member. The first TEDxYouth event was held by TEDxYouth@Tokyo in Japan.
【参考译文】TEDx青年活动许可证遵循与标准活动许可证相同的格式，并符合相同的TEDx活动规则，只是该活动面向青年。TEDxYouth许可证可以由青年、成年人或两者组合持有。对于在学校举办的活动，许可证必须由在校学生、教职员工持有。日本的第一次TEDxYouth活动由TEDxYouth@Tokyo举办。
4.5 TED研究员 | TED Fellows
TED Fellows were introduced in 2007, during the first TEDAfrica conference in Arusha, Tanzania, where 100 young people were selected from across the continent. Two years later, during TEDIndia, 99 fellows were recruited, mainly from South Asia.
【参考译文】TED Fellows项目于2007年在坦桑尼亚的阿鲁沙举办的第一届TEDAfrica会议中推出，当时从整个非洲大陆选出了100名年轻人。两年后，在印度举办的TEDIndia会议期间，主要从南亚招募了99名研究员。
In 2009, the fellows program was initiated in its present form. For every TED or TEDGlobal conference, 20 fellows are selected; a total of 40 new fellows a year. Each year, 20 past fellows are chosen to participate in the two-year senior fellows program (in which they will attend four more conferences).
【参考译文】2009年，研究员计划以其现行形式启动。每次TED或TEDGlobal会议都会选出20名研究员，每年共有40名新研究员。每年，还会选择20名过去的研究员参加为期两年的高级研究员项目（在此期间，他们将参加四次更多会议）。
2019 marked the tenth anniversary of the TED Fellows program.
【参考译文】2019年标志着TED Fellows项目的十周年。
Acceptance as a fellow is not based on academic credentials, but mainly on past and current actions, and plans for the future.[100] Besides attending a conference free of charge, each fellow takes part in a special program with mentoring by experts in the field of spreading ideas, and can give a short talk on the “TED Fellows” stage. Some of these talks are subsequently published on TED.com. Senior fellows have additional benefits and responsibilities.[101]
【参考译文】成为研究员不是基于学术资历，而主要是基于过去和当前的行动以及未来的计划。除了免费参加会议外，每位研究员还可以参加由传播思想领域专家指导的特别项目，并在“TED Fellows”舞台上作短暂演讲。其中一些演讲随后会在http://TED.com上发布。高级研究员有额外的福利和责任。
4.6 TED教育 | TED-Ed
TED-Ed is a YouTube channel from TED which creates short animated educational videos. It also has its own website.[102] TED-Ed lessons are created in collaboration with educators and animators. Current advisers for TED-Ed lessons include Aaron Sams, Jackie Bezos, John Hunter, Jonathan Bergmann, Melinda French Gates, and Sal Khan. It has over 19.4 million subscribers as of January 2024.
【参考译文】TED-Ed是TED的一个YouTube频道，专门制作短动画教育视频。它还拥有自己的网站。TED-Ed课程是与教育工作者和动画师合作创建的。目前，TED-Ed课程的顾问包括Aaron Sams、Jackie Bezos、John Hunter、Jonathan Bergmann、Melinda French Gates和Sal Khan。截至2024年1月，TED-Ed拥有超过1940万订阅者。
4.7 TED音频联盟 | TED Audio Collective
The TED Audio Collective is a collection of podcasts with over 25 shows.
【参考译文】TED音频联盟是一个拥有超过25个节目的播客集合。
One of those shows is the TED Interview podcast which launched on October 16, 2018, during which Chris Anderson holds conversations[103] with speakers who have previously given a TED talk,[104] providing the guest a chance to speak in greater depth about their background, projects, motivation,[105] re-evaluation of past experiences,[106][107] or plans for the future.[needs update]
【参考译文】其中之一是TED采访播客，该节目于2018年10月16日推出，由Chris Anderson与之前发表过TED演讲的演讲者进行对话，为嘉宾提供了更深入地谈论他们的背景、项目、动机、对过去经历的重新评估或未来计划的机会。
Each interview lasts between 45 minutes and about one hour. All podcasts are available on the TED website, in part together with transcripts, as well as through platforms such as Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google Podcasts, TuneIn, Stitcher, RadioPublic, Castbox, iHeartRadio, and BBC Radio 4 Extra.
【参考译文】每次采访持续时间约为45分钟到1小时。所有播客都可以在TED网站上找到，部分与文字稿一起提供，也可通过Apple Podcasts、Spotify、Google Podcasts、TuneIn、Stitcher、RadioPublic、Castbox、iHeartRadio和BBC Radio 4 Extra等平台收听。
Season Four began in March 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic as a live-stream broadcast co-hosted by Chris Anderson and Whitney Pennington Rodgers and often offered listeners the opportunity to submit questions to the speaker.
【参考译文】第四季始于2020年3月，在COVID-19大流行期间，以由Chris Anderson和Whitney Pennington Rodgers共同主持的直播广播形式呈现，并经常为听众提供向演讲者提问的机会。
4.8 TED医疗 | TEDMED
Main article: TEDMED【主条目：TED医疗】
TEDMED is an annual conference concerned with health and medicine. It is an independent event operating under license from the nonprofit TED conference.[165]
【参考译文】TEDMED是一年一度关注健康和医学领域的会议。它是作为非营利组织TED会议的许可下独立运营的活动。
TEDMED was founded in 1998 by TED’s founder Ricky Wurman. After years of inactivity, in 2008 Wurman sold TEDMED to entrepreneur Marc Hodosh, who recreated and relaunched it. The first event under Hodosh’s ownership was held in San Diego in October 2009. In January 2010, TED.com began including videos of TEDMED talks on the TED website.[165]
【参考译文】TEDMED由TED的创始人Ricky Wurman于1998年创立。经过多年的不活跃状态，2008年，Wurman将TEDMED卖给企业家Marc Hodosh，后者重新创建并重新推出了TEDMED。Hodosh所有权下的第一次活动于2009年10月在圣地亚哥举行。2010年1月，http://TED.com开始在TED网站上发布TEDMED演讲的视频。
The second Hodosh-owned edition of TEDMED took place in October 2010, also in San Diego. It sold out for a second year and attracted notable healthcare leaders and Hollywood celebrities.[166]
【参考译文】Hodosh所有权下的第二届TEDMED会议于2010年10月同样在圣地亚哥举行。第二年也座无虚席，并吸引了知名的医疗领袖和好莱坞名人。
In 2011, Jay Walker and a group of executives and investors purchased TEDMED from Hodosh for $16 million with future additional payments of as much as $9 million. The conference was then moved to Washington, DC.[167]
【参考译文】2011年，Jay Walker和一群高管及投资者以1,600万美元的价格从Hodosh手中购买了TEDMED，未来还可能额外支付高达900万美元。此后，该会议被搬至华盛顿特区举办。
4.9 TED女性 | TEDWomen
TEDWomen is an annual three-day conference.[168] Established in 2010, TEDWomen features speakers focused on women-oriented themes, including gender issues and reproductive health.[169][170] There are over 130 TEDWomen Talks available[171] to watch on the TED website. Past speakers include former president Jimmy Carter,[172] Hillary Clinton,[173] Sheryl Sandberg,[174] Madeleine Albright,[175] Nancy Pelosi,[176] and Halla Tómasdóttir.[177][178]
【参考译文】TEDWomen是一年一度为期三天的会议。成立于2010年，TEDWomen邀请演讲者聚焦于以女性为主题的议题，包括性别议题和生殖健康等。在TED网站上有超过130个TEDWomen演讲可供观看。过去的演讲者包括前总统吉米·卡特、希拉里·克林顿、谢丽尔·桑德伯格、玛德琳·奥尔布赖特、南希·佩洛西和哈拉·托玛斯多蒂尔等。
4.10 TED青年 | TEDYouth
TEDYouth talks are aimed at middle school and high school students and feature information from youth innovators.[179]
【参考译文】TEDYouth演讲旨在面向初中和高中学生，并邀请青年创新者分享信息。
4.11 其他项目 | Other programs
- TED@Work — A program that leverages TED content to inspire new ways of working in professional settings. This program provides ways for organizations and companies to license TED content for use in learning and talent development contexts.[180]
【参考译文】TED@Work —— 一项利用TED内容启发职场新工作方式的计划。该计划为组织和公司提供了许可TED内容用于学习和人才发展情境的方式。[180] - TED Books — These are original books from TED. The initiative began in January 2011 as an ebook series and re-launched in September 2014 with its first book in print.[181]
【参考译文】TED图书 —— 这些是TED原创的书籍。该计划始于2011年1月作为一个电子书系列，并于2014年9月重新启动，发行了首本纸质书籍。[181] - TedEd Clubs — An education based initiative to get young people (ages 8 to 18) to share their ideas with peers and others by giving a TED-like presentation on a topic. TED provides curricula and limited support for the Clubs free of charge.[182]
【参考译文】TedEd俱乐部 —— 一项教育倡议，旨在让年轻人（年龄在8至18岁之间）通过就某个话题进行类似TED的演讲，与同伴及其他人士分享他们的想法。TED免费为俱乐部提供课程资料和有限度的支持。[182] - TED Salon — Smaller evening-length events with speakers and performers.[183]
【参考译文】TED沙龙 —— 持续一晚的小型活动，包含讲者和表演者。[183] - TED Radio Hour — A radio program,[184] with audio downloads and a podcast RSS feed,[185] hosted by Manoush Zomorodi,[186] previously Guy Raz and co-produced with NPR. Each episode uses multiple TED Talks to examine a common theme.[187] Originated and executive produced by Deron Triff and June Cohen, the first episode was broadcast in 2012.[188][189][190]
【参考译文】TED电台时刻 —— 一档广播节目，[184] 提供音频下载和播客RSS订阅源，[185] 目前由Manoush Zomorodi主持，之前由Guy Raz主持，并与NPR合作制作。每一期节目都会运用多段TED演讲来探讨一个共同的主题。[187]该节目由Deron Triff和June Cohen发起并担任执行制作，首期节目于2012年播出。[188][189][190] - TEDx Talks is a YouTube channel[191] which is ranked No. 1 globally for a non profit (2021).[192] The channel has approximately 30m subscribers and 800m views with estimated revenues of between $24.5K – $391.6K monthly.[193]
【参考译文】TEDx Talks是一个YouTube频道，在2021年全球排名非营利组织第一。该频道拥有约3000万订阅者和8亿次观看量，估计月收入在24,500美元至391,600美元之间。 - TED Countdown is a global initiative, powered by TED and Future Stewards, to accelerate solutions to the climate crisis. The goal: to build a better future by cutting greenhouse gas emissions in half by 2030 towards reaching net zero by 2050. Launched 2020 online, summit 2021 in Edinburgh, Scotland.
【参考译文】TED Countdown是由TED和未来管理者（Future Stewards）发起的全球倡议，旨在加速解决气候危机的方案。其目标是通过在2030年将温室气体排放减半，最终实现2050年达到净零排放，从而建设一个更美好的未来。TED Countdown于2020年在线推出，2021年在苏格兰爱丁堡举办了峰会。 - TED also offers other podcasts such as Sincerely, X (featuring anonymous TED Talks)[194] and Work / Life which discusses creative workplaces.[195]
【参考译文】TED还提供其他播客节目，例如《Sincerely, X》（展示匿名TED演讲）和《Work / Life》（讨论创意工作场所）。
5. 批评 | Criticism
6. 在流行文化中 | In popular culture
The ef=”https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_(franchise)“>Alien franchise features a fictional portrayal of a 2023 TED Conference, in the form of a short film called “The Peter Weyland Files: TED Conference, 2023”.[214] It was a part of the viral marketing campaign for the franchise’s film Prometheus (2012).
【参考译文】《异形》系列电影中展示了一个虚构的2023年TED大会，以一部名为《彼得·韦亚兰档案：TED大会，2023年》的短片形式呈现。这是该系列电影《普罗米修斯》（2012年）的病毒营销活动的一部分。
Episode 08, season 20 of the animated TV show Family Guy features a cutaway scene of Peter Griffin giving a TED talk about birthdays.
【参考译文】动画电视剧《格里芬家庭》第20季第08集中有一个片段，彼得·格里芬在其中演讲，讲述生日的故事。
Australian alternative rock band TISM parodied TED talks at their 2 March 2024 concert in Launceston, Tasmania as “TISM Talks”, which included a skit parodying TED talks running behind the band for the duration of the show.
【参考译文】澳大利亚另类摇滚乐队TISM在2024年3月2日在塔斯马尼亚州劳纳塞斯顿的一场音乐会上模仿了TED演讲，称为”TISM Talks”，包括一段模仿TED演讲的小品，整个演出期间在乐队后面播放。
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