美国联合通讯社（美联社）/ Associated Press – 中英文维基百科词条融合

By cathayvista企业, 区域：美国和加拿大, 媒体

中文词条参见链接（无法从中国内地访问）：点击这里访问。
英文词条原文链接（无法从中国内地访问）：点击这里访问。
本文基于英文词条的线索，并补充部分来自中文词条的内容。

维基百科（Wikipedia）是美国维基媒体基金会的互联网百科项目，其内容可能受到立场、信息来源等因素影响，请客观看待。正文内容不代表译者观点。

辽观提供的翻译仅供参考。文中可能包含无法从中国内地访问的链接。

辽观所搬运的词条与原维基百科词条同样遵循CC-BY-SA 4.0协议，在符合协议要求的情况下您可以免费使用其内容（包括商用）。文中图片可能遵循不同的共享协议，详见辽观：“辽观百科搬运计划”涉及到的共享协议汇总

1. 正文（发布于知乎专栏）

第一部分（概述、历史、管理、选举民调）请点击这里访问

第二部分（体育、电视新闻、风格手册、评价争议、在中国、获奖）请点击这里访问

2. 参见（维基百科的相关词条）| See also

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2. 参见 | References

2.1 英文词条引用列表（与正文标号对应）| Citations

  1. ^ “Leadership Team”. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 14, 2012. Retrieved October 1, 2021.
  2. ^ “Documents Shed New Light on Birth of AP; Wire Older Than Originally Thought”. Editor & Publisher. January 31, 2006. Archived from the original on July 28, 2018. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
  3. ^ Jump up to:a b “Consolidated Financial Statements” (PDF). Associated Press. April 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 15, 2016. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
  4. ^ “Associated Press, The”. AP Stylebook. The Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved October 24, 2023.
  5. ^ “2016 Consolidated Financial Statements” (PDF). Associated Press. April 5, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 4, 2018. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
  6. ^ “AP by the Numbers”. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved March 21, 2024.
  7. ^ “Network effects”. The Economist. Archived from the original on February 21, 2018. Retrieved February 20, 2018.
  8. ^ Beach, Stanley, Archives at Yale, Stanley Yale Beach papers Archived March 31, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, Number: GEN MSS 802, 1911-1948
  9. ^ Press, Gil. “The Birth of Atari, Modern Computer Design, And The Software Industry: This Week In Tech History”. Forbes. Archived from the original on February 21, 2018. Retrieved February 20, 2018.
  10. ^ Schwarzlose, Richard Allen (1989). The Nation’s Newsbrokers: The formative years, from pretelegraphs to 1865. Northwestern University Press. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-8101-0818-9. Archived from the original on January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
  11. ^ Palmer, Michael B. (2019). International News Agencies: A History. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 69. ISBN 978-3-030-31177-3. Archived from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
  12. ^ “Wire That Photo”. Popular Mechanics. July 1937. Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  13. ^ “Associated PRess v. United States, 326 U.S. 1 (1945)”. Justia. 1945. Archived from the original on May 5, 2022. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
  14. ^ Vile, John R. “Associated Press v. United States (1945)”. The First Amendment Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on May 26, 2022. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
  15. ^ “AP by the numbers”. Associated Press. 2019. Archived from the original on December 14, 2020. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
  16. ^ Jump up to:a b Mullin, Benjamin; Robertson, Katie (March 19, 2024). “Gannett and McClatchy Cut Back Relationship With A.P.” New York Times. Archived from the original on March 20, 2024. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  17. ^ Hau, Louis (February 14, 2008). “Down On The Wire”. Forbes. Archived from the original on March 31, 2009. Retrieved April 9, 2009. Last year, AP generated only about 30% of its revenue from U.S. newspapers. The rest came from global broadcast customers (37%), online ventures (15%) and other revenue sources, such as international clients and photography, (18%). Forbes.com is a customer of AP
  18. ^ Korach, Natalie (March 19, 2024). “USA Today Publisher Gannett to Drop Associated Press Content Across All Publications”. Yahoo News. Archived from the original on March 19, 2024. Retrieved March 19, 2024.
  19. ^ “Google News Becomes A Publisher”. Information Week. August 31, 2007. Archived from the original on June 27, 2008. Retrieved April 26, 2008. ‘Because the Associated Press, Agence France-Presse, U.K. Press Association and the Canadian Press don’t have a consumer Web site where they publish their content, they have not been able to benefit from the traffic that Google News drives to other publishers,’ Josh Cohen, business product manager for Google News, explained in a blog post.
  20. ^ “Google Stops Hosting New AP Content”. Archived from the original on January 12, 2010. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  21. ^ “Google, AP reach deal for Google News content”. CNET. August 30, 2010. Archived from the original on January 2, 2014. Retrieved October 19, 2012.
  22. ^ “AP content drives more Facebook engagements than individual publishers in June, July” (Press release). Associated Press. Archived from the original on April 7, 2018. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  23. ^ Jump up to:a b “AP leaves 50 Rock for West 33rd Street Headquarters”. Associated Press (Press release). July 19, 2004. Archived from the original on April 27, 2009. Retrieved November 17, 2009.
  24. ^ Rachel L. Swarns, Darcy Eveleigh and Damien Cave (February 1, 2016). “Unpublished Black History”. The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 1, 2016. Retrieved February 1, 2016. The Times’s picture agency, Wide World News Photo Service, which had staff members in London, Berlin and elsewhere, was sold to The Associated Press in 1941.
  25. ^ “WIDE WORLD, INC., SOLD TO THE A.P.; News Photo Service in Western Hemisphere Will Be Turned Over to New Owners Friday COOPER TELLS OF PLANS Purchase in Line With Policy of Accelerating Collection and Output of Pictures”. The New York Times. Associated Press. July 26, 1941. Archived from the original on April 30, 2023. Retrieved April 30, 2023.
  26. ^ “Go to War I Did, and at Considerable Trouble” Archived July 26, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Ramirez, Maria. Nieman Reports, Nieman Foundation at Harvard.
  27. ^ Zhang, Michael (December 23, 2016). “The Day That Made AP Photographers Switch to 100% Color Film”. PetaPixel. Retrieved May 8, 2024.
  28. ^ Associated Press (2009-05-21). “AP Mobile rings in one-year anniversary” Archived February 19, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, AP, Press Release.
  29. ^ “Jean H. Lee”. Wilson Center. Archived from the original on November 13, 2021. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
  30. ^ “Associated Press Reports Narrow 2009 Profit”. Media Post. April 30, 2010. Archived from the original on May 4, 2010. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
  31. ^ “AP loses $14.7M in 2010 as revenue falls 7 percent”. The Seattle Times. April 14, 2011. Archived from the original on February 26, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
  32. ^ “Gary Pruitt, of McClatchy, to become new president and CEO of The Associated Press”. Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
  33. ^ “Newspaper decline continues to weigh on AP earnings”. Associated Press. Associated Press. Archived from the original on July 18, 2018. Retrieved July 18, 2018.
  34. ^ Easton, Lauren. “AP VoteCast debuts Tuesday”. Associated Press Blog. Archived from the original on November 9, 2018. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
  35. ^ “Facts & Figures: AP Board of Directors”. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 14, 2012. Retrieved November 17, 2009.
  36. ^ “AP announces 1 director, 4 incumbents at annual meeting”. The Associated Press. Archived from the original on April 16, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024.
  37. ^ Jump up to:a b c “Understanding the Election”. Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 23, 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  38. ^ Sadler, Megan (November 10, 2020). “How the Associated Press calls election races and ensures vote count accuracy”. WVLT-TV. Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 10, 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  39. ^ “AP VoteCast”. Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 23, 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  40. ^ Storey, Kate (October 29, 2020). “How the Associated Press Plans to Determine the Winner of This Year’s Election”. Esquire. Archived from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  41. ^ “The best and worst of LSU’s AP preseason poll history”. NOLA.com. Archived from the original on July 20, 2018. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  42. ^ Williams, Blake. “What The Last Five Seasons Of The AP Poll Say About Trending Teams In College Football”. Forbes. Archived from the original on July 20, 2018. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  43. ^ “College football rankings: Who has been No. 1 in the AP preseason poll most often and how did they finish?”. NCAA. August 21, 2017. Archived from the original on July 20, 2018. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  44. ^ “AP Top 25 polls highlight Top 100 all-time in college basketball”. The Denver Post. March 29, 2017. Archived from the original on July 20, 2018. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  45. ^ Jump up to:a b AP Manager of the Year Award Archived February 1, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Baseball-Almanac.com. Retrieved 2009-09-29. Although the award began in 1959, AP gave a “manager of the year” award in 1950 to Eddie Sawyer of the Philadelphia Phillies.“Eddie Sawyer Honored in Baseball Vote”. Prescott Evening Courier. November 8, 1950. p. Section 2, Page 1. Archived from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved September 16, 2010.
  46. ^ In 1959, when the AP began its Manager of the Year Award for a manager in each league, The Sporting News Manager of the Year Award (begun in 1936) was for one manager in all of MLB. In 1983, MLB began its own Manager of the Year Award, for a manager in each league. The following year (1984) the AP changed its award to one in all of MLB. In 1986, The Sporting News changed its award to one for each league.
  47. ^ Jump up to:a b “A.P. Buys Worldwide Television News”. The New York Times. Reuters. June 3, 1998. Archived from the original on July 9, 2018. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  48. ^ “A.P. Buys Worldwide Television News”. The New York Times. June 3, 1998. Archived from the original on July 9, 2018. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
  49. ^ “AP experiments with live streams as appetite for up-to-the-minute video grows”. January 13, 2016. Archived from the original on July 20, 2018. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
  50. ^ “AP Stylebook (APStylebook)”. Twitter. Retrieved March 21, 2011.
  51. ^ “AP Stylebook”. Facebook. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
  52. ^ “AP Stylebook”. Pinterest. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
  53. ^ “AP Stylebook”. Instagram. Retrieved June 9, 2021.
  54. ^ Cotter, Colleen (September 4, 2014). “Revisiting the “journalist’s bible”: How news practitioners respond to language and social change”. In Androutsopoulos, Jannis (ed.). Mediatization and Sociolinguistic Change. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. pp. 371–394. ISBN 978-3-11-034683-1.
  55. ^ “2005 Edition of AP Stylebook now available”. AP.org. Associated Press. April 2005. Archived from the original on January 19, 2011. Retrieved March 21, 2011.
  56. ^ Burford, Michelle (July 2002). “Adventurous Thinkers”. O, The Oprah Magazine. Archived from the original on February 3, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2020.
  57. ^ Jump up to:a b Callahan, Christopher (September 1994). “When a Journalist is Kidnapped”. Philip Merrill College of Journalism.
  58. ^ Dietrich, Heidi (November 20, 2002). “Women in War Zones”. The Quill. Archived from the original on February 4, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2020.
  59. ^ Glaberson, William (August 8, 1994). “In Somalia, 20 days of terror and a lesson for journalists”. The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 21, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2020.
  60. ^ “Fib Newton”. Slate.com. October 29, 2002. Archived from the original on May 8, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  61. ^ Miller, Mary Ann (August 27, 2015). “Associated Press sues after FBI impersonates journalist in sting operation”. Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
  62. ^ Reilly, Ryan (September 15, 2016). “An FBI Agent Did A Pretty Terrible Job Of Pretending To Be A Journalist”. HuffPost. Archived from the original on March 6, 2018.
  63. ^ Tucker, Eric (November 10, 2014). “AP demands FBI never again impersonate journalist”. Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
  64. ^ Colford, Paul (September 15, 2016). “AP statement on inspector general report”. Associated Press – Blog. Archived from the original on May 15, 2021. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
  65. ^ Wemple, Erik (September 15, 2016). “Justice Department report ‘effectively condone[s]’ FBI impersonation incident”. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
  66. ^ Cohen, Kelly (December 15, 2017). “Appeals Court sides with Associated Press in lawsuit against FBI”. Washington Examiner. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
  67. ^ Gresko, Jessica (November 15, 2017). “US court hears case involving impersonation of AP journalist”. Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  68. ^ “AP’s Fair Use Challenge (Harvard Law)”. Berkman Center for Internet and Society. June 17, 2008. Archived from the original on May 12, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  69. ^ Hansell, Saul (June 16, 2008). “The Associated Press to Set Guidelines for Using Its Articles in Blogs”. The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 9, 2009. Retrieved April 9, 2009. The Associated Press…said that it will, for the first time, attempt to define clear standards as to how much of its articles and broadcasts bloggers and Web sites can excerpt without infringing on The A.P.’s copyright.
  70. ^ Memmott, Mark (January 11, 2011). “Shepard Fairey And AP Settle Copyright Dispute Over ‘Hope’ Poster”. NPR. Archived from the original on June 23, 2012. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  71. ^ Schonfeld, Erick (February 22, 2009). “Hot News: The AP Is Living In The Last Century”. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
  72. ^ Anderson, Nate. “Who owns the facts? The AP and the “hot news” controversy”. Ars Technica. Archived from the original on December 31, 2011. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
  73. ^ The Associated Press v. All Headline News Corp., 08 Civ. 323 (United States District Court, Southern District of New York February 17, 2009), archived from the original.
  74. ^ “Citizen Media Law Project” (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  75. ^ “AP Twitter account hacked in fake ‘White House blasts’ post”. BBC News. April 23, 2013. Archived from the original on August 19, 2023. Retrieved August 19, 2023.
  76. ^ Moore, Heidi; Roberts, Dan (April 23, 2013). “AP Twitter hack causes panic on Wall Street and sends Dow plunging”. The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on August 19, 2023. Retrieved August 19, 2023.
  77. ^ Sanchez, Raf (May 13, 2013). “US Justice Department secretly seizes Associated Press phone records”. The Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on May 14, 2013. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  78. ^ “US government secretly obtained Associated Press phone records”. The Guardian. May 15, 2013. Archived from the original on September 27, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
  79. ^ Ingram, David (May 13, 2013). “Associated Press says U.S. government seized journalists’ phone records”. Reuters Canada. Archived from the original on May 29, 2014. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  80. ^ Gallagher, Ryan. “Verizon Wireless Secretly Passed AP Reporters’ Phone Records to Feds”. Slate. Archived from the original on May 19, 2013. Retrieved May 20, 2013.
  81. ^ Curry, Tom. “Holder addresses AP leaks investigation, announces IRS probe”. NBC News. Archived from the original on June 8, 2013. Retrieved June 1, 2013.
  82. ^ Philip Oltermann (March 30, 2016). “Revealed: how Associated Press cooperated with the Nazis”. The Guardian. Archived from the original on August 23, 2023. Retrieved July 4, 2020. AP also allowed the Nazi regime to use its photo archives for its virulently antisemitic propaganda literature. Publications illustrated with AP photographs include the bestselling SS brochure Der Untermensch (“The Sub-Human”) and the booklet “The Jews in the USA”, which aimed to demonstrate the decadence of Jewish Americans with a picture of New York mayor Fiorello La Guardia eating from a buffet with his hands.
  83. ^ “Harriet Scharnberg, THE A AND P OF PROPAGANDA, Associated Press and Nazi Photojournalism” (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on October 20, 2022. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
  84. ^ “The Associated Press Cooperated With The Nazis”. www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Archived from the original on October 20, 2022. Retrieved April 19, 2021.
  85. ^ “Revealed: How Associated Press cooperated with the Nazis”. The Guardian. March 30, 2016. Archived from the original on August 23, 2023. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
  86. ^ Jump up to:a b Rosenwald, Michael S. (May 10, 2017). “The secret deal the Associated Press made with the Nazis during WWII”. The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 2269358. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved May 19, 2023.
  87. ^ Jump up to:a b Crary, David (May 10, 2017). “AP releases in-depth review of its coverage of Nazi Germany”. Associated Press. Archived from the original on July 13, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2021. With the U.S. entry into the war against Germany in December 1941, AP’s American staff members were arrested and interned for five months before being deported in a prisoner exchange. The AP German picture service was seized, handed over to the German Foreign Ministry and put under control of a Waffen-SS photographer, Helmut Laux. Most German former AP personnel were forced into Laux’s operation; others were sent to military units.
  88. ^ Norman Domeier (2017). “GEHEIME FOTOS – Die Kooperation von Associated Press und NS-Regime (1942–1945)” [Secret Photos. The Cooperation between Associated Press (AP) and Nazi Germany 1942–1945]. Zeithistorische Forschungen/Studies in Contemporary History 14. Archived from the original on May 15, 2020. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  89. ^ Jump up to:a b Friedman, Matti (November 30, 2014). “What the Media Gets Wrong About Israel”. The Atlantic. Archived from the original on December 10, 2014. Retrieved December 10, 2014.
  90. ^ “Broken Spring by Mark Lavie”. Times of Israel. September 15, 2014. Archived from the original on December 15, 2014. Retrieved December 10, 2014.
  91. ^ Lavie, Mark (August 2014). “Why Everything Reported from Gaza is Crazy Twisted”. The Tower. Archived from the original on December 10, 2014. Retrieved December 10, 2014.
  92. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e “The pictures that are worth more than 1000 words”. The Jerusalem Post. September 10, 2010. Archived from the original on September 30, 2021. Retrieved September 30, 2021.
  93. ^ Jump up to:a b “This Week in Israeli History: Tuvia Grossman – The Bloodied “Palestinian,” Bar Giora and Menachem Ussishkin”. The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on September 30, 2021. Retrieved September 30, 2021.
  94. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Markl, Florian (2021). “‘Israel Threatens to Defend Itself’: The Depiction of Israel in the Media”. In Confronting Antisemitism through the Ages: A Historical Perspective (eds. Armin Lange, Kerstin Mayerhofer, Dina Porat, Lawrence H. Schiffman, Florian Markl). Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 473–474.
  95. ^ Jump up to:a b McFadden, Robert D. (October 7, 2000). “Abruptly, a U.S. Student In Mideast Turmoil’s Grip”. The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 30, 2013. The A.P., which had received many pictures of injured Palestinians that day, did not clarify the garbled caption but sent the picture to subscribers with a caption based on the erroneous assumption that Mr. Grossman was a Palestinian. It also misidentified the site, first as the Temple Mount and later as another site in the Old City. Many newspapers published the picture and erroneous captions based on The A.P.’s information. The New York Times misidentified Mr. Grossman in last Saturday’s issue as a Palestinian and in some copies misidentified the site as the Temple Mount.
  96. ^ Jump up to:a b c Beeson, Patrick (2007). “Photojournalism.” In “Media Bias: Finding It, Fixing It.”. McFarland & Co. pp. 184, 190.
  97. ^ “Carnage for the Cameras”. The Wall Street Journal. October 6, 2000. Archived from the original on September 30, 2021. Retrieved September 30, 2021.
  98. ^ Koltermann, Felix (2017). Fotoreporter im Konflikt: Der internationale Fotojournalismus in Israel/Palästina. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag. pp. 25 n.3.
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  100. ^ “Nyt & Israel”. National Review. March 14, 2003. Archived from the original on October 1, 2021. Retrieved October 1, 2021.
  101. ^ “Israel Says Gaza Tower That Housed AP Was Also Hamas Electronic Warfare Site”. Bloomberg. June 8, 2021. Archived from the original on March 19, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  102. ^ “AP’s top editor wants investigation into Israeli bombing of its Gaza office”. Reuters. May 16, 2021. Archived from the original on August 7, 2021.
  103. ^ “Statement: AP ‘horrified’ by Israeli attack on its office”. Associated Press. May 16, 2021. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
  104. ^ “Israel showed US ‘smoking gun’ on Hamas in AP office tower, officials say”. Jerusalem Post. May 17, 2021. Archived from the original on May 26, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  105. ^ “Blinken hasn’t seen any evidence on AP Gaza building strike”. AP NEWS. May 17, 2021. Archived from the original on May 27, 2021. Retrieved May 27, 2021.
  106. ^ “Blinken hasn’t seen any evidence on AP Gaza building strike”. Jerusalem Post. June 9, 2021. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  107. ^ Jump up to:a b Fung, Katherine (June 8, 2021). “Israel offers to help rebuild Associated Press building destroyed in Gaza bombing”. Newsweek. Archived from the original on June 11, 2022. Retrieved June 12, 2022.
  108. ^ AP vice president speaks out on Emily Wilder firing, CNN Reliable Sources, May 30, 2021, archived from the original on March 28, 2022, retrieved June 12, 2022
  109. ^ Federman,Josef, Kirka, Danica (May 21, 2024). “Israel says it will return video equipment seized from AP”. Associated Press. Retrieved May 21, 2024.
  110. ^ Shlomo Karhi [@shlomo_karhi] (May 21, 2024). “*Ministry of Communication*:The equipment of the media regularly reported on the location of the military forces in the north of the Gaza Strip – and it was confiscated” (Tweet) (in Hebrew) – via Twitter.
  111. ^ Clark, Mitchell (January 10, 2022). “The Associated Press is starting its own NFT marketplace for photojournalism”. The Verge. Archived from the original on March 4, 2022. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  112. ^ Bissada, Masoj (February 25, 2022). “AP Cancels Sale Of NFT Of Migrants Floating In Overcrowded Boat In Mediterranean”. Forbes. Archived from the original on March 3, 2022. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  113. ^ Cantor, Matthew (February 24, 2022). “‘Profiting off suffering’: AP cancels sale of migrant boat NFT amid backlash”. The Guardian. Archived from the original on March 4, 2022. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  114. ^ “Pulitzer Prizes won by the AP”. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 2, 2021. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
  115. ^ “AP’s Kashmir photographers win Pulitzer for lockdown coverage”. Al Jazeera English. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
  116. ^ Hussain, Ashiq (May 6, 2020). “3 Indian photojournalists from Jammu and Kashmir win Pulitzer Prize”. Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  117. ^ “Kashmiri Pulitzer Prize winners caught in political debate”. Outlook. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on September 19, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020 – via Indo-Asian News Service (IANS).
  118. ^ “Pulitzer Prize questions India’s legitimacy over Kashmir”. National Herald. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  119. ^ “Pulitzer Prize questions India’s legitimacy over Kashmir (Ld)”. Outlook. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 10, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020 – via (IANS).
  120. ^ “FRONTLINE and AP Documentary 20 DAYS IN MARIUPOL Wins Academy Award® for “Best Documentary Feature Film””. PBS. March 10, 2024. Archived from the original on March 13, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
  121. ^ LINDSEY BAHR, CHRISTOPHER WEBER (March 11, 2024). “’20 Days in Mariupol’ wins best documentary Oscar, a first for AP and PBS’ ‘Frontline'”. The Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 12, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.

2.2 来源文献（部分引用列表的详细来源）| Sources

2.3 中文词条引用列表

  1. ^ 跳转到：1.0 1.1 Consolidated Financial Statements (PDF). The Associated Press. 2015-04 [2016-06-02]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-06-15）.
  2. ^ 跳转到：2.0 2.1 2.2 Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “Associated Press”. Encyclopedia Britannica, Invalid Date, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Associated-Press （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Accessed 28 September 2021.
  3. ^ “AP by the numbers” （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Associated Press. 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
  4. ^ Pulitzer Prize Winners and Finalists by Year. The Pulitzer Prizes. [2021-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-11）.
  5. ^ 第100届普利策奖揭晓 美国主流媒体获重要奖项. 中国经济网. 2016-04-19 [2021-09-29]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-02）.
  6. ^ Bureaus. AP. [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-02）.
  7. ^ 美联社在朝鲜设立平壤代理分社. [2012-01-17]. （原始内容存档于2012-01-18）.
  8. ^ 梅尔文·L·德弗勒、E·丹尼斯《大众传播通论》
  9. ^ Scoop Hunting with Mr. Mills,1917-1939 (PDF). 美联社. [2021-05-16]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-06-14） （英语）.
  10. ^ Starr, Paul. The Creation Of The Media: Political Origins Of Modern Communications. Basic Books. 2004: 187 [2020-10-21]. ISBN 978-0-465-08193-6. （原始内容存档于2021-05-03） （英语）.

2.4 中文词条来源文献

书籍

4. 延伸阅读 | Further reading

  • Blanchard, Margaret A. “The Associated Press antitrust suit: A philosophical clash over ownership of first amendment rights.” Business History Review 61.1 (1987): 43–85.
  • Blondheim, Menahem. News over the Wires: The Telegraph and the Flow of Public Information in America, 1844-1897 (Harvard U. Press, 1994).
  • Blondheim, Menahem. “The click: Telegraphic technology, journalism, and the transformations of the New York Associated Press.” American Journalism 17.4 (2000): 27–52.
  • Coopersmith, Jonathan. “From lemons to lemonade: The development of AP Wirephoto.” American Journalism 17.4 (2000): 55–72.
  • Dell’Orto, Giovanna. AP foreign correspondents in action: World War II to the present (Cambridge University Press, 2016) online.
  • Halberstam, David. Breaking news: how the Associated Press has covered war, peace, and everything else (Princeton Architectural Press, 2007) online.
  • Kirat, Mohamed, and David Weaver. “Foreign news coverage in three wire services: A study of AP, UPI, and the nonaligned news agencies pool.” Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 35.1 (1985): 31–47.
  • Rantanen, Terhi. “Foreign dependence and domestic monopoly: The European news cartel and US associated presses, 1861–1932.” Media History 12.1 (2006): 19–35.
  • Renaud, Jean-Luc. “US government assistance to AP’s world-wide expansion.” Journalism Quarterly 62.1 (1985): 10–36.
  • Seo, Soomin. “Blue-Collar witnesses to power: The culture of photographers at the Associated Press.” Journalism Studies 20.15 (2019): 2200–2217. online
  • Smethers, J. Steven. “Pounding Brass for the Associated Press: Delivering News by Telegraph in a Pre-Teletype Era.” American Journalism 19.2 (2002): 13–30.
  • Watts, Liz. “AP’s first female reporters.” Journalism History 39.1 (2013): 15–28. online

5. 外部链接 | External links

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