空中加油机 / Aerial refueling – 中英文维基百科词条融合

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1. 正文（发布于知乎专栏）

第一部分（概述、历史、各种系统）请点击这里访问

第二部分（兼容性问题、运用历史、直升机、最长有人驾驶纪录、发展、运营者）请点击这里访问

2. 参见（维基百科的相关词条）| See also

• Military logistics【军事后勤】
• Propellant depot【推进剂仓库】
• Underway replenishment, the transfer of refuel and stores at sea【航行补给，指在海上进行的燃料和物资的转移】
• List of tanker aircraft【加油机列表】

3. 英文词条参考文献 | References

3.1 引用列表（标号与文中对应）| Citations

1. ^ Nangia, R.K (November 2006). “Operations and aircraft design towards greener civil aviation using air-to-air refuelling” (PDF). The Aeronautical Journal. Paper No. 3088. (November): 705–721. doi:10.1017/S0001924000001585. S2CID 114942345. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 October 2013. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
2. ^ Colin Cruddas, Highways to the Empire (Air Britain, 2006, ISBN 0-85130-376-5); G.H. Pirie, Air Empire: British Imperial Civil Aviation, 1919–39 (Manchester University Press, 2009), Chapter 6. ISBN 978-0-7190-4111-2; G.H. Pirie, Cultures and Caricatures of British imperial Aviation: Passengers, Pilots, Publicity (Manchester University Press, 2012), Chapter 4.
3. ^ There is no evidence of a relationship between A.D. Hunter and the Hunter brothers.
4. ^ “National Air and Space Museum image”. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009.
5. ^ Jump up to:^a b History of Aviation, Part 19, 1938
6. ^ Hearst Magazines (February 1931). “Wings Across The Atlantic”. Popular Mechanics. Hearst Magazines. p. 190. Archived from the original on 13 March 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
7. ^ Flight Magazine archive, 10 January 1929
8. ^ Flight Magazine archive, 3 July 1931, p. 623
9. ^ Richard K. Smith. “Seventy Five Years of Inflight Refueling” (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 August 2017. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
10. ^ “Mid-air refuelling in Gander”. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
11. ^ Bonnier Corporation (January 1947). “Gas Station In The Sky”. Popular Science. Bonnier Corporation. p. 2.
12. ^ “Refuelling In Flight” , Flight Magazine, November 22, 1945 Archived 5 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine close-up drawing of receiver pawl grapnel and tanker haul line projectile
13. ^ “flight march – receiver aircraft – advertisements flight – 1947 – 0392 – Flight Archive”. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
14. ^ Note – on one flight there was a high westerly wind and no need for aerial refueling
15. ^ “imperial airways – 1940 – 1219 – Flight Archive”. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
16. ^ Bonnier Corporation (August 1948). “What Can Our Bombers Do Now?”. Popular Science. Bonnier Corporation. p. 79. Archived from the original on 13 March 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
17. ^ “flight – lucky lady – flight refuelling – 1949 – 0461 – Flight Archive”. Archived from the original on 21 August 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
18. ^ “B-50s In Great Britain” , Flight magazine, 1 September 1949
19. ^ Hallex, Steve. “Around the World in 94 Hours*”. Logbook. 14 (1, 1st Quarter 2016).
20. ^ “Cobham 75 :: Air-to-Air Refuelling Takes off”. Archived from the original on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 17 November 2009.
21. ^ Bonnier Corporation (October 1949). “Jet Refuels Like Humming Bird”. Popular Science. Bonnier Corporation. p. 131. Archived from the original on 13 March 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
22. ^ “Meteor’s 12-hour Flight”, Flight, 1949, archived from the original on 8 July 2017, retrieved 13 April 2014
23. ^ “50 Years of Probe and Drogue Flight Refuelling cover signed Air Chief Marshal Sir Michael Knight KCB AFC FRAES”. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
24. ^ Jump up to:^a b Naval Air Systems Command (1 August 2006). A1-F18AC-NFM-000 Naval Aviation Training and Operating Procedures Standardization (NATOPS) Manual. United States Department of the Navy. p. 364.
25. ^ “Inflight Refueling”. Zvezda JSC. Archived from the original on 16 August 2007. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
26. ^ Cordesman & Kleiber 2007, p. 158.
27. ^ Maj. Marck R. Cobb, “Aerial Refueling: The Need for a Multipoint, Dual-System Capability,” AU-ARI-CP-87-3, Air University Press, July 1987.
28. ^ note – even today there is much confusion about how this system actually worked
29. ^ Christopher, Bolkcom; D., Klaus, Jon (11 May 2005). “Air Force Aerial Refueling Methods: Flying Boom versus Hose-and-Drogue”. Digital Library. Archived from the original on 11 May 2009. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
30. ^ “Canadian military unable to refuel new jets in mid-air”. Macleans.ca. 31 January 2011. Archived from the original on 14 June 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2015.
31. ^ “Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird”. Archived from the original on 17 March 2010. Retrieved 8 February 2014.
32. ^ Jump up to:^a b c Farley, Robert (10 June 2016). “The B-58 Hustler: America’s Cold War Nuclear Bomber Blunder”. nationalinterest.org. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
33. ^ Condor 1994, p. 42.
34. ^ Knaack 1988, p. 243.
35. ^ Wynn 1997, p. 154.
36. ^ Wynn 1997, p. 155.
37. ^ Jump up to:^a b Brookes and Davey 2009, p. 49.
38. ^ Rodwell Flight 13 February 1964, p. 241.
39. ^ Windle and Bowman 2009, p. 21.
40. ^ Jump up to:^a b Gunston 1973, p. 104.
41. ^ Gunston and Gilchrist 1993, p. 196.
42. ^ Gunston 1973, p. 109.
43. ^ Gunston and Gilchrist 1993, p. 200.
44. ^ Dumoulin, André, “La dissuasion nucléaire française en posture méditerranéenne” (PDF), Les Cahiers du RMES, II (1): 5–12, archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2012, retrieved 18 October 2010, (p. 5) Certes, la posture méditerranéenne ne pouvait totalement résoudre la question de l’autonomie après le largage de la bombe à gravité AN-21 puis AN-22, et il était imaginé, au pire, des vols «kamikaze» jusqu’aux cibles russes mais également des profils de vols de retour avec planification des zones de crash, avec l’abandon de l’équipage au-dessus de territoires alliés.
45. ^ Gunston and Gilchrist 1993, pp. 196–197.
46. ^ “History of aerial refueling: Fueling the fighters”. United States Air Mobility Command. 15 April 2009. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
47. ^ “First USAF Flight Refueling in Combat”. Archived from the original on 11 April 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
48. ^ “S-65/H-53A/D Sea Stallion/ H-53E Super Stallion”. sikorskyarchives.com. Archived from the original on 23 March 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
49. ^ “Assault on Al-Wallid”. Imperial Iraniasn Air Force. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
50. ^ Nadimi, Farzin. F-4 Phantom. Air Forces Monthly Special, ISBN 0-946219-46-X. p. 77.
51. ^ Cordesman, Anthony. “Lessons of Modern Warfare: The Iran Iraq War Chapter V” (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 September 2009. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
52. ^ Cooper, Tom. “Bombed by Blinders Part 1”. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
53. ^ Israeli Air Force (10 October 2013). “תדלוק אווירי”. Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2016 – via YouTube.
54. ^ “Israel’s First Strike on Iran’s Nuclear Facilities – Part 1 – Defense Media Network”. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
55. ^ Jump up to:^a b “US rejects Israeli request for tanker aircraft as Iran plans advance”. 13 December 2021. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
56. ^ Bergman 2018, p. 306.
57. ^ “The Falkland Islands: A history of the 1982 conflict.” Royal Air Force, 29 April 2010. Archived 18 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine
58. ^ Darling 2007, pp. 116–117.
59. ^ Kev Darling, RAR Illustrated: Avro Vulcan Part 1, Big Bird Publications 2007, ISBN 978-1-84799-237-6 (p.119)
60. ^ “Narrative of RAF Contribution to the Falklands Campaign.” The National Archives, Retrieved: 20 April 2014.
61. ^ Bull 2004, p. 84.
62. ^ “Factsheets: 2nd Bomb Wing History” Archived 26 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Barksdale Air Force Base, United States Air Force. Retrieved 19 September 2011.
63. ^ Boeing B-52 evolves again with guided weapons launcher Archived 20 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine – Flightglobal.com, 15 January 2016
64. ^ Woods, Kevin (May 2008). Iraqi Perspectives Project Phase II Um Al-Ma’arik (The Mother of All Battles): Operational and Strategic Insights from an Iraqi Perspective (First ed.). Institute for Defense Analysis. p. 199.
65. ^ Francoma, Rick (1999). Ally to Adversary: An Eyewitness Account of Iraq’s Fall From Grace. Naval Institute Press. p. 106. ISBN 1557502811.
66. ^ “The Plane that Flew for 62 Days and the T-Bird that Saved the Day”. 29 July 2008. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
67. ^ “Endurance Test, Circa 1958”. 3 January 2008. Archived from the original on 5 April 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
68. ^ “Omega Air Refueling”. Archived from the original on 12 May 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
69. ^ “Metrea Strategic Mobility”. Metrea. Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
70. ^ Trevithick, Joseph (12 July 2023). “Private Aerial Refueling Tanker Has Gassed Up An Air Force Plane For The First Time”. The Drive. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
71. ^ “Ares”. Archived from the original on 23 February 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
72. ^ Jump up to:^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag} “World Air Forces 2020”. Flightglobal Insight. 2020. Archived from the original on 10 December 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
73. ^ Jennings, Greg (14 January 2020). “Egypt demonstrates aerial refuelling for combat aircraft”. Janes.com. Archived from the original on 6 September 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
74. ^ McLaughlin, Andrew (22 January 2018). “Indonesia seeks new heavy air refuelling tanker”. ABDR. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
75. ^ Sharma, Soumya (17 October 2022). “Portuguese Air Force’s first KC-390 aircraft arrives in Portugal”. Airforce Technology. Retrieved 16 September 2023.

3.2 来源文献 | Bibliography

• Bull, Stephen. Encyclopedia of Military Technology And Innovation. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2004. ISBN 978-1-57356-557-8.
• Brookes, Andrew and Chris Davey. Vulcan Units of The Cold War (Osprey Combat Aircraft: 72). Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84603-297-4.
• Condor, Albert E. Air Force Gunners (AFGA): The Men Behind the Guns, The History of Enlisted Aerial Gunnery, 1917–1991. Nashville, Tennessee: Turner Publishing, 1994. ISBN 978-1-56311-167-9.
• Darling, Kev. Avro Vulcan, Part One (RAF Illustrated). Vale of Glamorgan Wales, UK: Big Bird Aviation Publication, 2007. ISBN 978-1-84799-237-6.
• Gardner, Brian (1984). “Flight Refuelling… The Wartime Story”. Air Enthusiast. No. 25. pp. 34–43, 80. ISSN 0143-5450.
• Gunston, Bill. Bombers of the West. New York: Charles Scribner’s and Sons; 1973. ISBN 0-7110-0456-0.
• Gunston, Bill and Peter Gilchrist. Jet Bombers: From the Messerschmitt Me 262 to the Stealth B-2. Osprey, 1993. ISBN 1-85532-258-7.
• Knaack, Marcelle Size. Post-World War II Bombers, 1945–1973. Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, 1988. ISBN 978-0-16-002260-9.
• Rodwell, Robert R. “The Steel in the Blue: Last Week’s Glimpse of the V-force”. Flight, 13 February 1964, pp. 241–245.
• Windle, Dave and Martin Bowman. V Bombers: Vulcan, Valiant and Victor, Casemate Publishers, 2009. ISBN 1-84415-827-6.
• Wynn, Humphrey. RAF Strategic Nuclear Deterrent Forces: Origins, Roles and Deployment 1946–1969. London: The Stationery Office, 1997. ISBN 0-11-772833-0.
• Cordesman, Anthony H.; Kleiber, Martin (2007). Chinese Military Modernization: Force Development and Strategic Capabilities. CSIS. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-89206-496-0.
• Bergman, Ronen (30 January 2018). Rise and Kill First: The Secret History of Israel’s Targeted Assassinations. Random House Publishing Group. p. 306. ISBN 978-0-679-60468-6.

4. 外部链接 | External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aerial refueling. / 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：空中加油机

• Photo aerial tanking 1929
• Aerial tanking history / （英文） 空中加油的历史
• Airborne rearming, a comprehensive article with video.
• Aerial Refueling on APA
• Air Refueling Systems Advisory Group
• Twenty-one Years of Flight Refuelling, a 1955 Flight article on the development of Flight Refuelling Ltd’s refueling method.
• World’s best aerial refueling aircraft
• Tac Tankers Association
• Airlift/Tankers Association Archived 25 June 2022 at the Wayback Machine