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图片来源:Pheu Thai Party
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目录
0. 概况
辽观注:此标题是我们在搬运、整合过程中添加的。
The Pheu Thai Party[22] (PTP; Thai: พรรคเพื่อไทย, lit. ‘For Thais Party’, RTGS: Phak Phuea Thai, pronounced [pʰák pʰɯ̂a tʰāj]) is a major Thai political party and is the third incarnation of a Thai political party founded by former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra. It is the current majority ruling party of Thailand, ruling along with other parties in a coalition.
【参考译文】为泰党[22](PTP;泰语:พรรคเพื่อไทย,字面意思为“为了泰国党”,皇家转写系统:Phak Phuea Thai,发音为[pʰák pʰɯ̂a tʰāj])是泰国的一个主要政党,也是前总理他信·西那瓦创立的泰国政党的第三个化身。它是泰国当前的执政党,与其他政党组成联盟共同执政。
为泰党(泰语:พรรคเพื่อไทย,皇家转写:Phak Phuea Thai,发音:[pʰák pʰɯ̂a tʰāj]),是由泰国前首相他信成立的第三个政党。现为泰国国会的执政党[12]。2008年9月由前人民力量党成员组成,政策纲领是追寻前总理他信·西那瓦的经济政策。此党取代了他信原来的泰爱泰党(TRT),宪法法院于2007年5月宣布泰爱泰党因违反选举法而解散。他信的胞妹英拉·钦那瓦曾任此党领袖,并于2011年带领该党上台执政,至2014年被军方发动军事政变推翻。2023年该党领衔组成联合政府而再度执政。
The Pheu Thai Party was founded on 20 September 2007,[23] as an anticipated replacement for the People’s Power Party (PPP), which the Constitutional Court of Thailand dissolved less than three months later after finding party members guilty of electoral fraud. The People’s Power Party was itself a replacement for Thaksin’s original Thai Rak Thai Party (TRT), dissolved by the Court in May 2007 for violation of electoral laws.[24][25]
【参考译文】为泰党成立于2007年9月20日,[23]作为人民力量党(PPP)的预期替代者,而人民力量党在成立不到三个月后,因被宪法法院发现其成员犯有选举舞弊罪而被解散。人民力量党本身是他信原本领导的泰爱泰党(TRT)的替代者,后者因违反选举法而在2007年5月被法院解散。[24][25]
As of 2023, the PTP has 66,833 members. The party is currently being led by Paetongtarn Shinawatra, businesswoman and daughter of former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra. The party tends to be more popular in the north and northeast of the country. It won 141 seats in the 2023 Thai general election, making it the party with the second largest number of seats in the Thai House of Representatives.
【参考译文】截至2023年,为泰党拥有66,833名成员。该党目前由女商人、前总理他信·西那瓦的女儿佩通坦·西那瓦领导。该党在泰国北部和东北部地区较为受欢迎。在2023年泰国大选中,为泰党赢得了141个席位,成为泰国众议院中席位数量第二多的政党。
Pheu Thai Party พรรคเพื่อไทย【为泰党】 | |
---|---|
Abbreviation【缩写】 | PTP |
Leader【领导者】 | Paetongtarn Shinawatra【佩通坦·西那瓦 / 贝东丹·钦那瓦】 |
Secretary-General【秘书长】 | Sorawong Thienthong |
Spokesperson【发言人】 | Danuporn Punnakant |
Founder【创立者】 | Thaksin Shinawatra【他信·西那瓦 / 达新·钦那瓦 / 丘达新】 |
Founded【创立于】 | 20 September 2007【2007年9月20日】 |
Preceded by【前身】 | People’s Power Party (de facto)【人民力量党(事实上)】 |
Headquarters【总部】 | 1770 OAI Bld. New Petchburi Rd. Bangkapi, Huai Khwang, Bangkok【曼谷怀光区拍抛区新路1770号OAI大厦】 |
Think tank【智库】 | CARE[1] Pheu Thai Academy[2][3] |
Youth wing 【青年组织】 | Pheu Thai Institute of Youth[4][5] 【泰国为泰党青年学院[4][5]】 |
Membership (2023) 【党员数量(2023年)】 | 66,833[6][needs update] |
Ideology【意识形态】 | Liberal conservatism[10]【自由保守主义[3]】 Economic liberalism[14]【经济自由主义[4][5]】 Populism[18]【民粹主义】 改良主义[1] 保守主义[2] 自由保守主义[3] 民族自由主义 新自由主义 亲军方[6][7] |
Political position 【政治立场】 | Centre-right[20]【中间偏右[5]】 |
Colours【代表颜色】 | Red and Blue |
Slogan【口号】 | ขอคิดใหม่ ทำใหม่ เพื่อไทยทุกคน… อีกครั้ง (‘Let us rethink and redo for all Thais… again)[21] 【(“让我们再次为所有泰国人重新思考和重做……”)[21]】 |
House of Representatives / 泰国众议院 | 141 / 500 |
Bangkok Metropolitan Council【曼谷市议会】 | 21 / 50 |
PAO Chiefs | 11 / 76 |
Website【网站】 | |
ptp.or.th | |
Politics of Thailand【泰国的政治】 Political parties【泰国的党派】 Elections【选举】 |
1. 历史 | History
1.1 形成与作为反对党的年份(2008-2011年)| Formation and opposition years (2008–2011)
The PPP was dissolved by the Constitutional Court of Thailand on 2 December 2008. On 3 December 2008, the majority of the former PPP MPs defected to the Pheu Thai Party. In a PTP general assembly, the first executive commission was elected on 7 December 2008.[26] Candidates for the party’s leader were: Yongyuth Wichaidit, Apiwan Wiriyachai, former Vice President of the House of Representatives, former health minister Chalerm Yubamrung and former industry minister Mingkwan Saengsuwan.[26] Yongyuth Wichaidit was elected as the party’s leader.[26][27]
【参考译文】泰国宪法法院于2008年12月2日解散了人民力量党。2008年12月3日,前人民力量党议员的大部分议员转而加入了为泰党。在人民党全体大会上,第一个执行委员会于2008年12月7日选出。[26]该党领导人的候选人有:威沙迪·永育、威拉亚猜·阿皮万、前众议院副院长、前卫生部长察霖·育巴颂和前工业部长明关·沙恩苏万。[26]威沙迪·永育被选为该党领导人。[26][27]
In a December 2008 parliamentary session, MPs of five PPP coalition parties decided to endorse Abhisit Vejjajiva as the next prime minister and themselves forming a Democrat-led coalition. The PTP campaigned for their endorsement by the PPP-coalition parties. However, Abhisit had gained their support for the premiership.[28][29] After that, the party called for a national unity government in which all parties would be involved, with Sanoh Thienthong of the Pracharaj Party as the new premier. This proposal was rejected by the defecting coalition parties and the Democrat Party.[30] On 11 December, Worrawat Eua-apinyakul, then MP for Phrae from PTP, suggested that the party should push for a house dissolution and general elections, with the hope of depriving the prospective coalition of a parliamentary majority. However, The President of the House of Representatives; Chai Chidchob spoke against the plan.[31]
【参考译文】在2008年12月的一次议会会议上,人民力量党(PPP)的五个联盟政党议员决定支持阿披实·维乍集瓦出任下任总理,并自己组成了一个由民主党领导的联盟。人民党为争取PPP联盟政党的支持进行了游说。然而,阿披实已经赢得了他们的总理职位支持。[28][29]之后,该党呼吁成立一个所有政党都将参与的民族团结政府,并提议由Pracharaj党的萨诺·天通出任新总理。但该提议遭到了叛变的联盟政党和民主党的拒绝。[30]12月11日,当时来自人民党的菲莱省议员沃拉瓦特·尤阿皮尼亚库尔建议该党应推动众议院解散和举行大选,以期剥夺未来联盟在议会的多数席位。然而,众议院议长柴·奇德朝反对这一计划。[31]
On 15 December 2008, the party elected Pracha Promnok as the party’s candidate for prime minister and has since been in opposition to prime minister Abhisit Vejjajiva’s coalition government. As an opposition, the party received a rating of 3.75 out of 10 by a majority of respondents in a nationwide survey conducted on 24 and 25 December 2010, by Bangkok University.[32]
【参考译文】2008年12月15日,该党推选普拉察·波姆诺克为该党总理候选人,并自此一直反对阿披实·维乍集瓦总理领导的联合政府。作为反对党,该党在曼谷大学于2010年12月24日和25日进行的一项全国调查中获得了大多数受访者的3.75分(满分10分)。[32]
In early May 2011, Charupong Ruangsuwan was named new Secretary general of the party.[33] Following the discovery of illegal timber by Thai authorities, during an August 2014 search at Charupong’s son’s Mae Hong Son Province resort for buried war weapons and other illegal items, the media reported that both Charupong and his son were no longer present in Thailand.[34]
【参考译文】2011年5月初,察龙蓬·阮苏万被任命为该党新任秘书长。[33]在泰国当局于2014年8月对察龙蓬儿子在夜丰颂省的度假胜地进行搜查,寻找埋藏的战争武器和其他非法物品时,发现了非法木材,媒体报道称察龙蓬和他的儿子都不再在泰国。[34]
1.2 执政时期(2011-2014年)| In government (2011–2014)
In the 2011 general election, the Pheu Thai Party contested for the first time since its foundation. On 16 May, Thaksin’s youngest sister Yingluck Shinawatra was nominated head of PTP’s party-list proportional representation and contender of prime minister Abhisit. One of her main issues in the campaign was national reconciliation.[35] The election was expected to be a neck-and-neck contest between Pheu Thai and the ruling Democrats.[36] Unexpectedly,[citation needed] the party won 265 of 500 seats in the House of Representatives on 3 July. Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva acknowledged Pheu Thai’s success in the election, and congratulated Yingluck Shinawatra as Thailand’s first female prime minister.[37] Despite its absolute majority, the winning party announced that it would form a coalition government with five minor parties. On 5 August, Yingluck was elected prime minister with 296 votes in favour. The election was approved and Yingluck was formally appointed by the king on 8 August.[38]
【参考译文】在2011年的大选中,为泰党自成立以来首次参选。5月16日,他信的妹妹英拉·西那瓦被提名为为泰党党团比例代表制候选人及阿披实总理的竞选对手。她在此次竞选中的主要议题之一是民族和解。[35]预计选举将是为泰党和执政的民主党之间的激烈竞争。[36]出人意料的是[需要引文],该党在7月3日的众议院选举中赢得了500个席位中的265个。阿披实·维乍集瓦总理承认为泰党在大选中的成功,并祝贺英拉·西那瓦成为泰国首位女总理。[37]尽管赢得了绝对多数席位,但获胜方宣布将与五个小党派组成联合政府。8月5日,英拉以296票当选总理。此次选举获得批准,英拉于8月8日正式由国王任命。[38]
2014年5月,为泰党因军事政变而被迫下野。
为泰党在军事政变后的首次大选中改变策略,数个被视为此党的卫星政党与本党分开在不同选区参选。终在2019年泰国众议院选举中取得最多议席,并宣布与未来前进党等7个政党筹组联合政府,并支持塔纳通·宗龙伦吉担任总理。但由于上议院议员全由军方委任,在上议院全数支持巴育之下,使该党仍维持反对党的地位。[13]
1.3 2023年的选举 | 2023 election

参考译文:为泰党的扬声器车,巴育·占奥差为总理候选人,2023年
图片作者:Per Meistrup
此图片遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议
During the 2023 Thai general election, Pheu Thai repeated its position that it would not form a coalition with both Palang Pracharat and United Thai Nation due to their involvement in the 2014 coup.[39] Following the 2023 election, the Move Forward party leader and candidate, Pita Limjaoenrat, was denied the position of Prime Minister by Parliament.[40] The coalition was then dissolved and replaced by a Pheu Thai led coalition without Move Forward.[41]
【参考译文】在2023年泰国大选中,为泰党重申其立场,即不会与巴育政府和泰国联合民族党组成联合政府,因为这两党都参与了2014年的政变。[39]2023年大选后,前进党领袖兼候选人皮塔·林查侬被议会拒绝出任总理一职。[40]随后,该联盟解散,取而代之的是由为泰党领导、没有前进党参与的新联盟。[41]
On 7 August, they formed a new coalition to include Bhumjaithai, which won the third largest amount of MPs in the election and on 10 August, the Chart Pattana Kla party joined the coalition with 2 MPs.[42]
【参考译文】8月7日,他们组成了一个新联盟,其中包括在选举中获得第三大议员数量的为人民党(Bhumjaithai Party),8月10日,拥有2名议员的查特·帕塔纳·克拉党(Chart Pattana Kla Party)也加入了该联盟。[42]
On 12 August, Pheu Thai unofficially[43] expanded its coalition again to include the pro-junta parties of Palang Pracharat and United Thai Nation, which both participated or supported the 2014 coup that ousted Pheu Thai prime minister Yingluck Shinawatra, increasing the amount of MPs in the coalition to 315 out of the 500 MPs in Parliament.[44][45] The move was widely criticized as it broke their election promise to not work with parties linked to the junta.[46]
【参考译文】8月12日,为泰党非正式地[43]再次扩大了其联盟,加入了支持军政府的巴育政府和泰国联合民族党,这两个政党都参与了或支持了2014年的政变,推翻了为泰党总理英拉·西那瓦,从而使联盟中的议员人数增加到315人,占议会500名议员中的大多数。[44][45]此举遭到了广泛批评,因为它违背了其选举承诺,即不与与军政府有关的政党合作。[46]
2023年8月22日,泰国国会选出赛塔·他威信已获得超过半数国会议员支持,成为泰国第30任总理。至于原先的总理候选人贝东丹·钦那瓦则在10月时当选为泰党第8任党主席,也是创党以来首位女性党主席[23]。
The coalition currently contains in order of most MPs: Pheu Thai at 141 MPs, Bhumjaithai at 71, Palang Pracharat at 40, United Thai Nation at 36, Chart Pattana Kla at 2; with Thai Liberal, New Democracy, Plung Sungkom Mai and Thongtee Thai all having one.[45] On 22 August 2023, its candidate Srettha Thavisin was elected 30th Prime Minister after gaining enough votes from Parliament.[47]
【参考译文】目前,该联盟包含的议员人数最多的政党依次为:为泰党拥有141名议员,人民党拥有71名,巴育政府拥有40名,泰国联合民族党拥有36名,查特·帕塔纳·克拉党拥有2名;泰国自由党、新民主党、普隆颂功迈党和通泰党各拥有1名。[45] 2023年8月22日,该联盟候选人斯瑞塔·塔维辛在获得足够的议会票数后被选为第30任总理。[47]
赛塔·他威信在2024年时因涉嫌不法遭宪法法庭解职,为泰党随后提名党魁贝东丹·钦那瓦为总理候选人,后其顺利当选。是继其父他信·西那瓦、姑父颂猜·旺沙瓦、姑姑英拉·钦那瓦后钦那瓦家族第四名总理(不计姻亲则为第三位)。[24]
2. 意识形态 | Ideology
Similar to its predecessors, the Pheu Thai Party is a populist political party that appeals to the rural and urban poor. The party tends to be more popular among subsistence farmers and the rural working class mostly found in the northern and northeastern regions of Thailand. In 2023, the PTP campaigned on economically populist policies including cash handouts (฿10,000 digital wallet), expanding healthcare coverage and raising the minimum wage.[48][49]
【参考译文】与它的前身相似,为泰党是一个民粹主义政党,主要吸引农村和城市贫困人口。该党在泰国北部和东北部的自给自足农民和农村工人阶级中更为受欢迎。2023年,为泰党提出了包括现金补助(10,000泰铢数字钱包)、扩大医疗保险覆盖范围和提高最低工资等经济民粹主义政策。[48][49]
The party is mostly liberal on social issues due to its support for democracy, scrapping military conscription, decriminalizing sex work, and legalizing same-sex marriage. It is conservative on reforming the lèse-majesté laws and opposes monarchy reforms.[50][51][52][53][54]
【参考译文】由于该党支持民主、废除军事征兵、使性工作者合法化以及使同性婚姻合法化,因此在社会问题上该党主要持自由立场。但在改革冒犯君主罪的法律方面,该党持保守立场,并反对君主制改革。[50][51][52][53][54]
Despite being perceived by some as leftist, the PTP is quite pro-business and economically liberal. Under the Yingluck administration, the party passed several cuts in corporate tax and considered reducing corporate income tax even further to boost innovation and business growth. In 2023, Paethongtarn Shinawatra stated that “Capitalism must have a heart” which further solidified the party’s economic image as one of “Empathetic Capitalism”.[55][56][57]
【参考译文】尽管一些人认为该党是左翼政党,但为泰党非常支持商业活动,并且在经济上持自由立场。在英拉政府时期,该党通过了几项公司税减免政策,并考虑进一步降低公司所得税,以促进创新和商业增长。2023年,巴育·占奥差表示“资本主义必须有人情味”,这进一步巩固了该党作为“同情资本主义”经济形象的地位。[55][56][57]
3. 政治立场 | Political positions
3.1 2023年宣言 | 2023 Manifesto
Economic policy[58]【经济政策】
- Raising the minimum wage to ฿600 by 2027【到2027年将最低工资提高到600泰铢】
- Raising Thailand’s GDP【提高泰国的国内生产总值(GDP)】
- Promote cultural and medical tourism【促进文化和医疗旅游】
- Introduce a ฿10,000 ‘digital wallet’ for Thais over 16[59]
【为16岁以上的泰国人引入10,000泰铢的“数字钱包”[59]】 - Introduce free Wi-Fi in public parks【在公园提供免费Wi-Fi】
- Introduce a minimum monthly ฿25,000 salary for workers with a bachelor’s degree[60]
【为拥有学士学位的工人引入每月至少25,000泰铢的薪水[60]】 - Introduce a monthly retirement fund of ฿3,000 to Thais aged over 60[60]
【为60岁以上的泰国人引入每月3,000泰铢的退休金[60]】 - Decentralise public hospitals【分散公立医院】
- Upgrade water management【升级水资源管理】
- Upgrade rail infrastructure【升级铁路基础设施】
- Construct new rail infrastructure【建设新的铁路基础设施】
- Expand Suvarnabhumi Airport【扩建素万那普机场】
- Expand maternity benefits[60]【扩大生育保障[60]】
- Improve working conditions[61]【改善工作条件[61]】
Social policy[58]【社会政策】
- Keep the lèse-majesté laws[41]【保留冒犯君主罪法律[41]】
- Decentralise the central government【分散中央政府权力】
- Decentralise public education【分散公共教育资源】
- Allow elections for provincial governors【允许选举省级州长】
- Rewrite the constitution to only allow elected MPs to vote for a prime minister
【修改宪法,只允许当选的议员投票选举总理】 - Introduce free HPV vaccinations【引入免费HPV疫苗接种】
- Introduce free medical checkups for Hepatitis C【引入免费丙型肝炎医疗检查】
- Legalize same-sex marriage[62]【使同性婚姻合法化[62]】
- Replace military conscription with a voluntary system[63]【用自愿服役制度取代征兵制度[63]】
4. 为泰党籍的泰国首相 | Pheu Thai Party Prime Ministers

4. 选举结果 | Election results



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