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目录
0. 概述
辽观注:此标题是我们在搬运、整合过程中添加的。
Flightradar24 is a Swedish Internet-based service that shows real-time aircraft flight tracking information on a map. It includes flight tracking information, origins and destinations, flight numbers, aircraft types, positions, altitudes, headings and speeds. It can also show time-lapse replays of previous tracks and historical flight data by airline, aircraft, aircraft type, area, or airport.[2] It aggregates data from multiple sources, but, outside of the United States, mostly from crowdsourced information gathered by volunteers with ADS-B receivers and from satellite-based ADS-B receivers.[3]
【参考译文】Flightradar24是一家瑞典的网络服务,可在地图上实时显示飞机飞行追踪信息。它包括飞行追踪信息、起降地、航班号、飞机类型、位置、高度、航向和速度。它还可以按航空公司、飞机、飞机类型、地区或机场显示以前的航迹和历史飞行数据的延时回放。[2]它汇集了来自多个来源的数据,但除美国外,主要来自志愿者使用ADS-B接收器收集的众包信息和基于卫星的ADS-B接收器。[3]
The service is available via a web page or mobile device apps. The Guardian considers the site to be “authoritative”.[4]
【参考译文】该服务可通过网页或移动设备应用程序获取。《卫报》认为该网站“权威可靠”。[4]
It is the largest ADS-B network in the world with over 40,000 connected receivers, over 200,000 flights tracked per day, and over 4 million users per day. It is also used by most major airlines and others in the aviation industry, including Airbus, Boeing, and Embraer.[5]
【参考译文】它是世界上最大的ADS-B网络,拥有超过40,000个连接的接收器,每天追踪超过200,000个航班,每天有超过400万用户。它还被包括空中客车公司(Airbus)、波音公司(Boeing)和巴西航空工业公司(Embraer)在内的大多数主要航空公司和航空业其他机构使用。[5]
该服务由两名瑞典的航空爱好者于2006年始创[4],后在瑞典成立Svenska Resenätverket AB公司。服务支持通过网页或移动应用访问。
Type of site【网站类型】 | Aircraft tracking【航班追踪】 |
---|---|
Available in【使用语言】 | English【英语】 |
Headquarters【总部】 | Stockholm, Sweden / 瑞典斯德哥尔摩 |
Country of origin【来源国】 | Sweden【瑞典】 |
Owner【股东】 | Flightradar24 AB |
Revenue【营业额】 | 214.8 million SEK (2021)[1] 【2.148亿瑞典克朗(2021年)】 |
URL【网址】 | flightradar24.com |
Commercial【是否商业性质】 | Partially【部分商业性质】 |
Registration【是否需注册】 | Freemium【免费版提供基本服务,扩展版提供附加功能】 |
Launched【启动于】 | 2006 |
Current status【现状】 | Active【活跃】 |
1. 历史 | History
The service was founded by two Swedish aviation enthusiasts in 2006[6] as Flygbilligt.com[7] and later Flygradar.nu[8] for Northern and Central Europe. The service was opened in 2009, allowing anyone with a suitable ADS-B receiver to contribute data.[6]
【参考译文】这项服务由两名瑞典航空爱好者于2006年创立,[6]最初名为Flygbilligt.com,[7]后来针对北欧和中欧地区更名为Flygradar.nu。[8]该服务于2009年开放,允许任何拥有合适ADS-B接收器的人贡献数据。[6]
The service received extensive exposure in 2010, when international media relied on it to describe the flight disruption over the North Atlantic and Europe caused by the Eyjafjallajökull volcano eruptions.[9][10][11] Flightradar24 came at the turn of the month July–August 2010 as an iOS application.[12]
【参考译文】2010年,当国际媒体依赖该服务来描述埃亚菲亚德拉火山喷发导致的北大西洋和欧洲地区的航班中断时,该服务获得了广泛关注。[9][10][11]2010年7月至8月之交,Flightradar24作为一款iOS应用程序问世。[12]
In 2014, it was used by multiple major news outlets following several high-profile crashes: in March after the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370,[13] in July after Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 was shot down over Ukraine,[14] and in December when Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501 went missing. Flightradar24 reported that its web traffic increased to around 50 times normal, which caused some access congestion to users.[citation needed]
【参考译文】2014年,在几起备受瞩目的坠机事件后,多家主流媒体都使用了Flightradar24的服务:3月,马来西亚航空370号航班失踪后;[13]7月,马来西亚航空17号航班在乌克兰被击落后;[14]以及12月,印尼亚洲航空8501号航班失踪时。Flightradar24报告称,其网站流量激增到平时的约50倍,导致部分用户访问拥堵。[需要引文]
In November 2015, The Guardian newspaper reported that Metrojet Flight 9268 en route to Saint Petersburg from Sharm el-Sheikh International Airport had broken up in the air based on information available from Flightradar24.[4]
【参考译文】2015年11月,《卫报》报道称,根据Flightradar24提供的信息,从沙姆沙伊赫国际机场飞往圣彼得堡的科加雷姆航空9268号航班在空中解体。[4]
From 3 March 2020, ADS-B data collected by satellite was made available to all users. Aircraft located using satellite data are coloured blue on the map, and yellow if located by terrestrial receivers.[15]
【参考译文】从2020年3月3日起,所有用户都可以获取卫星收集的ADS-B数据。在地图上,使用卫星数据定位的飞机显示为蓝色,而使用地面接收器定位的飞机则显示为黄色。[15]
In February 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the website crashed due to an influx of visitors tracking flights in and around Ukraine.[16]
【参考译文】2022年2月,在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰期间,由于大量访客涌入追踪乌克兰境内及周边的航班,该网站崩溃。[16]
In August 2022, the plane carrying Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan, SPAR19, became the most tracked flight to date, tracked by over 708,000 people as it landed in Taipei, with over 2,900,000 following at least a portion of the flight.[17]
【参考译文】2022年8月,南希·佩洛西乘坐的SPAR19航班飞往台湾,成为迄今为止追踪人数最多的航班,在她降落在台北时有超过708,000人追踪,另有超过2,900,000人追踪了航班的至少一部分。[17]
In September 2022, the plane carrying the coffin of Queen Elizabeth II was attempted to be tracked by 6,000,000 users in the first minute after the transponder activated, with 4,790,000 following a portion of the flight, becoming the most tracked flight of all time. The website processed 76,200,000 requests related to the flight over its course.[18][19] Initially, the site crashed due to the sheer number of users.[20]
【参考译文】2022年9月,在伊丽莎白二世女王灵柩所乘飞机的应答器启动后的第一分钟,就有600万用户尝试追踪这架飞机,其中479万人追踪了航班的部分航程,使其成为有史以来追踪人数最多的航班。该网站在整个航程中处理了7620万次与该航班相关的请求。[18][19]起初,由于用户数量庞大,该网站一度崩溃。[20]
In 2023, Flightradar24 collaborated with Infinite Flight to offer detailed 2D and 3D models as well as liveries of the airlines.[21]
【参考译文】2023年,Flightradar24与Infinite Flight合作,提供了详细的2D和3D飞机模型以及航空公司的涂装。[21]
Every Christmas Eve, Flightradar24 displays its “Santa Tracker”, allowing users to follow a simulated journey of Santa Claus as he “delivers” presents worldwide, similar to NORAD Tracks Santa. This feature utilizes the platform’s flight-tracking interface to display Santa’s sleigh on a virtual map, complete with animated visuals and real-time updates, as if it were an actual flight.[22][23]
【参考译文】每年的平安夜,Flightradar24都会推出“圣诞老人追踪器”,让用户能够追踪模拟的圣诞老人全球“送礼”之旅,这与北美防空司令部(NORAD)的圣诞老人追踪活动类似。这一功能利用该平台的航班追踪界面,在虚拟地图上显示圣诞老人的雪橇,并配以动画视觉效果和实时更新,仿佛是一次真实的飞行。[22][23]
2. 追踪 | Tracking
Flightradar24 aggregates data from six sources:[25]
【参考译文】Flightradar24从六个来源汇集数据:[25]
- Automatic dependent surveillance – broadcast (ADS-B). The principal source is a large number of ground-based ADS-B receivers, which collect data from any aircraft in their local area that are equipped with an ADS-B transponder and feed this data to the internet in real time. The aircraft-based transponders use the GPS and other flight data input to transmit signals containing aircraft registration, position, altitude, velocity and other flight data. As of 2019, about 80% of aircraft in Europe are equipped with ADS-B and 60% in the US. Airbus aircraft are ADS-B equipped but Boeing 707, 717, 727, 737-200, 747-100, 747-200, and 747SPs do not come equipped and are not generally visible unless retrofitted by their operators. Typical ADS-B receivers include Kinetic Avionic’s SBS-1 and AirNav-systems’s AirNav. These receivers are run by volunteers, mostly aviation enthusiasts. ADS-B signals can also be received and uploaded by a low-cost Software-defined radio. As of 2023, Flightradar24 has the largest ADS-B network in the world with over 40,000 connected receivers.[6]
【参考译文】自动相关监视-广播(ADS-B):主要来源是大量的地面ADS-B接收器,它们从附近任何装有ADS-B应答器的飞机上收集数据,并将这些数据实时传输到互联网上。飞机上的应答器利用输入的GPS和其他飞行数据,发送包含飞机注册号、位置、高度、速度和其他飞行信息的信号。截至2019年,欧洲约80%的飞机和美国约60%的飞机都配备了ADS-B。空客飞机都配备了ADS-B,但波音707、717、727、737-200、747-100、747-200和747SP等机型则没有配备,因此除非运营商对其进行改装,否则这些飞机通常无法被追踪。典型的ADS-B接收器包括Kinetic Avionic的SBS-1和AirNav-systems的AirNav。这些接收器由志愿者运行,他们大多是航空爱好者。ADS-B信号也可以通过低成本的软件定义无线电接收并上传。截至2023年,Flightradar24拥有世界上最大的ADS-B网络,连接了超过40,000个接收器。[6] - Multilateration (MLAT): The second major source is multilateration using Flightradar24 receivers. All aircraft types will be visible in areas covered by MLAT, even without ADS-B, but while 99% of Europe is covered, only parts of the US are. At least four receivers are needed to calculate the position of an aircraft.[25]
【参考译文】多点定位(MLAT):第二个主要来源是使用Flightradar24接收器的多点定位。在MLAT覆盖的区域,所有类型的飞机都可见,即使没有ADS-B也是如此。但虽然99%的欧洲地区都被覆盖,但美国只有部分地区被覆盖。计算飞机位置至少需要四个接收器。[25] - Satellite: Satellites equipped with ADS-B receivers collect data from aircraft outside of Flightradar24’s terrestrial ADS-B network coverage area and send that data to the Flightradar24 network.
【参考译文】卫星:配备ADS-B接收器的卫星会从Flightradar24地面ADS-B网络覆盖范围之外的飞机上收集数据,并将这些数据发送到Flightradar24网络。 - US/Canada/Australia radar data: This data source is used for filling in coverage across oceanic territory controlled by these nations. It is also used for weather related data.
【参考译文】美国/加拿大/澳大利亚雷达数据:此数据来源用于填补这些国家控制的海洋领土的覆盖范围,也用于天气相关数据。 - FLARM: A simpler version of ADS-B with a shorter range, primarily used by smaller aircraft, in most cases, gliders. The range of a FLARM receiver is between 20 and 100 kilometres (12 and 62 mi; 11 and 54 nmi).
【参考译文】FLARM:是ADS-B的一个简化版本,范围较短,主要用于小型飞机,大多数情况下是滑翔机。FLARM接收器的范围在20至100公里(12至62英里;11至54海里)之间。 - Federal Aviation Administration: The shortfall in the US is mostly made up of five minute delayed data from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) but this may not include aircraft registration and other information.
【参考译文】美国联邦航空局:美国的数据缺口主要由美国联邦航空局(FAA)提供的五分钟延迟数据填补,但这些数据可能不包括飞机注册号和其他信息。
3. 相关事件
The site blocks some ADS-B information from display for “security and privacy” purposes.[25] For instance, the position of the Japanese Air Force One aircraft used by the Japanese emperor and prime minister was visible on the site until August 2014, when the Japanese Ministry of Defense requested that the information be blocked.[26] This has subsequently meant that the aircraft no longer has its flight track posted online or on the site.
【参考译文】该网站出于“安全和隐私”考虑,会屏蔽部分ADS-B信息的显示。[25]例如,直到2014年8月,日本天皇和首相所使用的日本一号专机的位置信息在该网站上都是可见的。但之后,日本防卫省要求屏蔽这些信息。[26]这意味着此后该飞机的飞行轨迹将不再发布在网上或该网站上。
Flightradar24曾将日本政府领导人专机的飞行信息与其他民航客机一样显示在地图上。在2014年9月,日本防卫省出于反恐考虑,要求Svenska Resenätverket AB公司不要在网上显示任何日本政府专机的飞行信息。[6]
Flightradar24现多用于媒体报道客机失事或事件,如马来西亚航空370号班机空难以及瑞安航空4978号班机事件。[7][8]或是航班大面积延误,如2010年埃亚菲亚德拉火山爆发的新闻报道中。[9]
2021年,据中国大陆官方媒体报道,该软件在中国大陆境内招募志愿者收集飞行数据,因能收集部分军用飞机的飞行数据,被中国国家安全机关认定“对军事安全及航空领域安全构成直接威胁”[10],另据美国之音称,相关部门已展查获数百件违规设备,同时依法暂扣航空迷的设备并进行“严肃批评教育”[11]。同时,该网站的部分功能于同年11月至12月在中国大陆境内无法正常使用,HTTP链接亦一度无法使用,现已恢复正常。[12]Flighrtadar24在中国应用商店内遭到下架处理,亦无法通过其账户续订[13]。
2022年8月2日,美国众议院议长佩洛西(Nancy Pelosi,又译作佩罗西、佩洛西或波洛西)搭乘C-40C专机(呼号SPAR19)出访台湾,从马来西亚出发,在UTC+8晚间约22:43分到达台北松山机场。该航班飞行过程中Flightradar24网站同时追踪人数曾超过70万人,成为当时网站建立以来追踪人数最多的航班。[14]
2022年9月8日,英国女王伊利莎白二世(HM Queen Elizabeth II)驾崩于苏格兰,9月13日,其灵柩由英国皇家空军波音C17A专机(编号ZZ177,呼号KRF01R)装载,当日当地时间17ː20自苏格兰首府爱丁堡(Edinburgh)启运至伦敦,当日有超过600万人追踪此次“女王最后的飞行”[15],超越同年8月2日追踪美国众议院议长佩洛西访台航班的人数。
A. 参见(维基百科的相关词条)| See also
B. 英文词条参考文献 | References
- ^ “Swedish Register Commerce”. Allabolag. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
- ^ “About flightradar24.com – a site with high-flying plans!”. 24 May 2010. Archived from the original on 24 May 2010. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
- ^ “How flight tracking works”. flightradar24.com. Retrieved 28 July 2023.
- ^ Siddique, Haroon; Luhn, Alec (1 November 2015). “Russian plane ‘broke up in air’ before Sinai crash”. The Guardian. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
- ^ Flightradar24. “Live Flight Tracker – Real-Time Flight Tracker Map”. Flightradar24. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
- ^ “About”. FlightRadar24. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
- ^ “Archive.org”. flygbilligt.com. Archived from the original on 17 November 2006.
- ^ “Archive.org”. flygradar.nu. Archived from the original on 15 July 2009.
- ^ “Icelandic volcano: UK flight disruption”. The Guardian. 15 April 2010. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
- ^ “Nu stoppas flygen” [Planes being stopped now] (in Swedish). Expressen. 15 April 2010. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
- ^ “El norte de Europa se recupera” [Northern Europe recovers] (in Spanish). El País. 19 April 2010. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
- ^ “”Flightradar24 Pro – iTunes”. Läst 6 juli 2010″. iTunes.
- ^ “Malaysia Airlines MH370 disappears from air traffic map”. BBC News. 11 March 2014. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
- ^ “Malaysia Airlines MH17 flight path map”. The Guardian. 18 July 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
- ^ “Satellite-based ADS-B data now available to all Flightradar24 users”. Flightradar24 Blog. 12 March 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ “Flight tracker Flightradar24 crash caused by ‘international interest’ in Ukraine, Russia conflict”. ZDNET.
- ^ “SPAR19 becomes the most tracked flight of all time”. Flightradar24 Blog. 2 August 2022. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
- ^ “FlightRadar website crashes as millions log on to follow Queen’s final flight”. LADbible. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
- ^ Flightradar24. “Live Flight Tracker – Real-Time Flight Tracker Map”. Flightradar24. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
- ^ Codd, Toby (13 September 2022). “FlightRadar24 crashes as Queen’s plane travels to London”. GloucestershireLive. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
- ^ Petchenik, Ian (11 October 2023). “The new Flightradar24 3D view is amazing”. Flightradar24 Blog. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ^ Crawford, Rosalie Liddle (24 December 2022). “Tracking Santa’s flight to New Zealand”. SunLive. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
- ^ Benevides, Gabriel (24 December 2023). “In real time: follow Santa Claus’s flight around the world on Christmas Eve”. Aeroflap. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
- ^ Flightradar24. “Live Flight Tracker – Real-Time Flight Tracker Map”. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^“How it works”. Flightradar24. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
- ^ 政府機のルート筒抜け アプリに位置情報など表示 (in Japanese). Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 4 September 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2014.
C. 中文词条参考资料
- ^ Swedish Register Commerce. Allabolag. [2022-08-01]. (原始内容存档于2018-04-14).
- ^ flightradar24.com Site Overview. Alexa. [2012-10-30]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-01) (英语).
- ^ How it works. Flightradar24. [2014-07-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-12-14) (英语).
- ^ About. FlightRadar24. [2018-06-02]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-06).
- ^ Satellite-based ADS-B data now available to all Flightradar24 users. Flightradar24 Blog. 2020-03-12 [2022-07-31]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-26) (美国英语).
- ^ kiwicloud. 日本首相专机飞行信息被flightradar24泄露. 民航资源网. 2014-09-04 [2014-12-28]. (原始内容存档于2014-12-28) (中文(简体)).
- ^ Malaysia Airlines MH17 flight path map. 卫报. [2014-07-18]. (原始内容存档于2014-07-18) (英语).
- ^ BBC News – Malaysia Airlines MH370 disappears from air traffic map. BBC. [2014-12-28]. (原始内容存档于2014-04-19) (英语).
- ^ Icelandic volcano: UK flight disruption. 卫报. 2010-04-15 [2014-12-28]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-07) (英语).
- ^ 中國禁止下載Flightradar24 稱涉洩密對軍機飛行構成威脅. 中央社. 2021-11-06 [2021-11-06]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-26).
- ^ 全球航班追踪APP被指对军机飞行构成威胁遭中国下架. 美国之音. [2021-11-06]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-20) (中文).
- ^ http://www.flightradar24.com BLOCKY測試結果. blocky.greatfire.org. [2023-11-30]. 外部链接存在于
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(帮助) - ^ www.flightradar24.com在中国100%被封锁. GreatFire. 2021-11-07 [2021-11-07]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-08).
- ^ Alan Chen. 破 292 萬人次上線數度當機,裴洛西專機創飛航網站最多人追蹤紀錄. TechNews 科技新报. 2022-08-03 [2022-08-03]. (原始内容存档于2022-08-03) (中文(繁体)).
- ^ 6 Million Peopled Tried to Track the Plane With the Queen’s Coffin. Gizmodo. 2022-09-15 [2022-09-17]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-03) (美国英语).
D. 外部链接
Wikimedia Commons has media related to FlightRadar24.
- 官方网站
- Flightradar24的Facebook专页
- Flightradar24的X(前Twitter)账号
- Flightradar24的Instagram账户
- Flightradar24 on LinkedIn
- Flightradar24 on YouTube
- ADS-B Receiver for Flightradar24
本文全部或部分内容来自美国联邦政府所属的美国之音网站的《全球航班追踪APP被指对军机飞行构成威胁遭中国下架》文章。根据著作权条款(英文)和有关美国政府作品著作权的相关法律,其官方发布的内容属于公有领域。
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