{"id":1124,"date":"2023-09-03T11:35:23","date_gmt":"2023-09-03T03:35:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=1124"},"modified":"2024-12-11T19:08:46","modified_gmt":"2024-12-11T11:08:46","slug":"fuxing-train-fulltext-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2023\/09\/03\/fuxing-train-fulltext-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u7535\u529b\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4 – \uff08\u5168\u6587\uff09\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>\u3002
\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>\u3002
\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u4e0e\u539f\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC-BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u5177\u4f53\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6807\u6ce8\u3002\u534f\u8bae\u6587\u672c\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>\u3002<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

0. \u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u7535\u529b\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4<\/strong>\uff08\u524d\u79f0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4<\/strong>\uff0c2017\u5e746\u670825\u65e5\u6539\u4e3a\u73b0\u540d\uff09\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f8<\/a>\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u8f66<\/a>\u81ea\u4e3b\u7814\u53d1\uff0c\u8425\u8fd0\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u5ba2\u8fd0\u4e13\u7ebf<\/a>\u3001\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/a>\u53ca\u666e\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/a>\u7684\u7535\u529b\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4<\/a>\u7684\u7edf\u79f0[2]<\/a>\u3002\u8be5\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u73b0\u6709\u578b\u53f7\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u8425\u8fd0\u901f\u5ea6<\/a>\u4e3a160\u3001250\u4ee5\u53ca350km\/h\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd0\u8425\u901f\u5ea6250\u548c350km\/h\u7684\u578b\u53f7\u91c7\u7528\u52a8\u529b\u5206\u6563\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c160km\/h\u7684\u578b\u53f7\u5219\u91c7\u7528\u52a8\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08CR200J<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u7cfb\u5217\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u4ea4\u6d41\u4f20\u52a8<\/a>\u7684\u94dd\u5408\u91d1<\/a>\u7a7a\u5fc3\u578b\u6750\u8f66\u4f53\u7684\u5217\u8f66\u3002\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u9010\u6b65\u6dd8\u6c70\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u548c\u8c10\u53f7\u7535\u529b\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4<\/a>\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/a>\u7684\u4e3b\u529b\u8f66\u79cd[3]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fuxing<\/strong> (simplified Chinese<\/a>: \u590d\u5174\u53f7; traditional Chinese<\/a>: \u5fa9\u8208\u865f; pinyin<\/a>: F\u00f9x\u012bng H\u00e0o<\/em>; lit.<\/a> ‘Rejuvenation’) (also known as the CR<\/strong> series EMU, or as the Fuxing Hao<\/strong>) is a series of high-speed<\/a> and higher-speed<\/a> EMU<\/a> trains operated by China Railway High-speed<\/a> (CRH) and developed by CRRC<\/a>, which owns the independent intellectual property rights.[2]<\/a> Initially known as the China Standardized EMU<\/strong>, development on the project started in 2012, and the design plan was finished in September 2014. The first EMU rolled off the production line on 30 June 2015.[3]<\/a>[4]<\/a> The series received its current designation of Fuxing in June 2017, with nicknames such as “Blue\/Red Dolphin<\/strong>” (CR400AF<\/a>) and “Golden Phoenix<\/strong>” (CR400BF<\/a>) for certain units.[5]<\/a> It is among the world’s fastest conventional high speed trains in regular service, with an operating speed of 350 km\/h (220 mph) for the CR400AF and CR400BF models.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u590d\u5174\u53f7\uff08\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587<\/a>\uff1a\u590d\u5174\u53f7\uff1b\u7e41\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587\uff1a\u5fa9\u8208\u865f\uff1b\u62fc\u97f3\uff1aF\u00f9x\u012bng H\u00e0o\uff1b\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u590d\u5174\u201d\uff09\uff08\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aCR\u7cfb\u5217\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u6216\u8005\u590d\u5174\u53f7\uff09\u662f\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u9ad8\u901f<\/a>\uff08CRH\uff09\u8fd0\u8425\u5e76\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u8f66\u7814\u5236\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9ad8\u901f\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u901f\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u5217\u8f66<\/a>\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u3002\u6700\u521d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\uff0c\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u4e8e2012\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e2014\u5e749\u6708\u5b8c\u6210\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848<\/a>\u3002\u9996\u5217\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u4e8e2015\u5e746\u670830\u65e5\u4e0b\u7ebf\u3002\u8be5\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8e2017\u5e746\u6708\u6b63\u5f0f\u547d\u540d<\/a>\u4e3a\u590d\u5174\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u9488\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u578b\u53f7\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u84dd\/\u7ea2\u6d77\u8c5a\u201d\uff08CR400AF\uff09\u548c\u201c\u91d1\u51e4\u51f0\u201d\uff08CR400BF\uff09\u7b49\u6635\u79f0\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8fd0\u8425\u901f\u5ea6\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cCR400AF\u548cCR400BF\u578b\u53f7\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a350\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08220\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This train will also operate in Indonesia on the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway<\/a> from 2023, with a derivative version of CR400AF, also known as KCIC400AF<\/strong> or Komodo Merah<\/strong> (literally: red komodo dragon<\/a>)[6]<\/a>[7]<\/a> or Petir Merah<\/strong> (literally: red lightning<\/a>).
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u8fd9\u5217\u706b\u8f66\u8fd8\u5c06\u4e8e2023\u5e74\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe-\u4e07\u9686\u9ad8\u94c1\u4e0a\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528CR400AF\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aKCIC400AF\u6216\u8005\u79d1\u83ab\u591a\u7ea2\uff08\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u4e3a\u7ea2\u8272\u79d1\u83ab\u591a\u9f99\uff09[6][7]\u6216\u8005\u4f69\u8482\u5c14\u7ea2\uff08\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u4e3a\u7ea2\u8272\u95ea\u7535\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\u7535\u529b\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4<\/th><\/tr>
\u578b\u53f7<\/th>CR450\u7cfb\u5217
CR400AF\u7cfb\u5217
CR400BF\u7cfb\u5217
CR300AF\u7cfb\u5217
CR300BF\u7cfb\u5217
CR200J\u7cfb\u5217<\/td><\/tr>
\u539f\u4ea7\u56fd<\/th>\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd<\/td><\/tr>
\u5236\u9020<\/th>CR400AF\uff1a
\u4e2d\u8f66\u9752\u5c9b\u56db\u65b9\u673a\u8f66\u8f66\u8f86
\u9752\u5c9b\u56db\u65b9\u5e9e\u5df4\u8fea\u94c1\u8def\u8fd0\u8f93\u8bbe\u5907\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff08BST\uff09
CR400BF\uff1a
\u4e2d\u8f66\u957f\u6625\u8f68\u9053\u5ba2\u8f66
\u4e2d\u8f66\u5510\u5c71\u673a\u8f66\u8f66\u8f86
CR200J\uff1a
\u4e2d\u8f66\u5357\u4eac\u6d66\u9547\u8f66\u8f86
\u4e2d\u8f66\u9752\u5c9b\u56db\u65b9\u673a\u8f66\u8f66\u8f86
\u4e2d\u8f66\u5510\u5c71\u673a\u8f66\u8f66\u8f86
\u4e2d\u8f66\u957f\u6625\u8f68\u9053\u5ba2\u8f66
\u4e2d\u8f66\u682a\u6d32\u7535\u529b\u673a\u8f66
\u4e2d\u8f66\u5927\u540c\u7535\u529b\u673a\u8f66
\u4e2d\u8f66\u5927\u8fde\u673a\u8f66\u8f66\u8f86<\/td><\/tr>
\u4ea7\u91cf<\/th>CR400AF\uff1a193\u5217
CR400BF\uff1a203\u5217
CR300AF\uff1a3\u5217
CR300BF\uff1a3\u5217
CR200J\uff1a30\u5217<\/td><\/tr>
\u8f66\u8f86\u603b\u6570<\/th>1\u52178\u53a2\/1\u521716\u53a2\/1\u521717\u53a2\/1\u521718\u53a2[1]<\/td><\/tr>
\u6295\u5165\u8fd0\u8425<\/th>CR400AF\uff1a2016\u5e748\u670815\u65e5
CR400BF\uff1a2016\u5e748\u670815\u65e5
CR200J\uff1a2019\u5e741\u67085\u65e5
CR300BF\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670824\u65e5
CR300AF\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670825\u65e5<\/td><\/tr>
\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6237<\/th>\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f8
PT Kereta Cepat Indonesia China \uff08KCIC\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
—-\u6280\u672f\u6570\u636e—-<\/th><\/td><\/tr>
\u5217\u8f66\u7f16\u7ec4<\/th>CR400AF\/AF-C\/AF-G\/BF\/BF-C\/BF-G\uff1a4M4T
CR400AF-A\/BF-A\uff1a8M8T
CR400AF-B\/BF-B\uff1a8M9T
CR300AF\/BF\uff1a4M4T
CR200J\uff1a1M8T\u30012M16T<\/td><\/tr>
\u8f68\u8ddd<\/th>1,435\uff08\u51c6\u8f68\uff09\u6beb\u7c73<\/td><\/tr>
\u8f66\u4f53\u6750\u8d28<\/th>CR400AF\/AF-A\/AF-B\/BF\/BF-A\/BF-B\uff1a\u94dd\u5408\u91d1
CR300AF\/BF\uff1a\u94dd\u5408\u91d1
CR200J\uff1a\u4e0d\u9508\u94a2<\/td><\/tr>
\u8fd0\u8425\u901f\u5ea6<\/th>CR400AF\/AF-A\/AF-B\/AF-C\/AF-G\/BF\/BF-A\/BF-B\/BF-C\/BF-G 350km\/h
CR300AF\/BF 250km\/h
CR200J 160\u5343\u7c73\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6700\u9ad8\u901f\u5ea6<\/th>CR400AF\/AF-A\/AF-B\/AF-C\/AF-G\/BF\/BF-A\/BF-B\/BF-C\/BF-G 420km\/h
CR300AF\/BF 300km\/h
CR200J 210\u5343\u7c73\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6<\/td><\/tr>
\u53d7\u6d41\u5236\u5f0f<\/th>\u4ea4\u6d41 25 kv\uff0c50 hz\uff0c\u9ad8\u67b6\u63a5\u89e6\u7f51\u53d6\u7535<\/td><\/tr>
Capacity \u4e58\u5458\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u4ec5CR400\u7cfb\u5217\uff09<\/th>CR400AF\/BF: 556 or 576
CR400AF\u2013A\/BF\u2013A: 1193
CR400AF\u2013B\/BF\u2013B: 1283<\/td><\/tr>
Width \u5bbd\u5ea6\uff08\u4ec5CR400\u7cfb\u5217\uff09<\/th>3,360 mm (11 ft 0 in)[1]<\/td><\/tr>
Height \u9ad8\u5ea6\uff08\u4ec5CR400\u7cfb\u5217\uff09<\/th>4,050 mm (13 ft 3 in)[1]<\/td><\/tr>
Platform height \u7ad9\u53f0\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff08\u4ec5CR400\u7cfb\u5217\uff09<\/th>1,250 mm (4 ft 1.2 in)<\/td><\/tr>
Maximum speed \u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6 \uff08\u4ec5CR400\u7cfb\u5217\uff09<\/th>Service: \u8fd0\u8425\u901f\u5ea6
350 km\/h (220 mph)
Design: \u8bbe\u8ba1\u901f\u5ea6
400 km\/h (250 mph)
Record: \u521b\u7eaa\u5f55\u6781\u901f
420 km\/h (260 mph)<\/td><\/tr>
Axle load \u8f74\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/th><17 t (16.7 long tons; 18.7 short tons)[1]<\/td><\/tr>
Traction \u7275\u5f15 \uff08\u4ec5CR400\u7cfb\u5217\uff09<\/th>system Water cooling IGBT-VVVF inverter<\/td><\/tr>
Traction motors \u7275\u5f15\u5355\u5143 \uff08\u4ec5CR400\u7cfb\u5217\uff09<\/th>YQ-625 external sector 3-phase AC induction motor (Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric)
YQ-625\u5916\u6247\u5f62\u4e09\u76f8\u4ea4\u6d41\u611f\u5e94\u7535\u52a8\u673a\u682a\u6d32\u4e2d\u8f66\u65f6\u4ee3\u7535\u6c14<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Electric system(s) \u7535\u6c14\u7cfb\u7edf \uff08\u4ec5CR400\u7cfb\u5217\uff09<\/th>25 kV 50 Hz AC Overhead catenary
25kv 50hz\u4ea4\u6d41\u67b6\u7a7a\u63a5\u89e6\u7f51<\/td><\/tr>
Current collector(s) \u96c6\u7535\u5668(s)<\/th>Pantograph \u53d7\u7535\u5f13<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5386\u53f2 | History<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.0 \u540d\u79f0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u7814\u5236\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f8\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u88c5\u5907\u7814\u53d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u4e3b\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u7814\u5236\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u4e3b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743<\/a>\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u3001\u7cfb\u5217\u5316\u3001\u7b80\u7edf\u5316\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u56fd\u9645\u9886\u5148\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u4e3b\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u81ea\u4e3b\u5f00\u53d1\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u9524\u70bc\u94c1\u8def\u88c5\u5907\u79d1\u7814\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u8d70\u51fa\u53bb\u201d\u6218\u7565\u76ee\u6807\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u529b\u652f\u6491[4]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f8\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u4e3b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/a>\u8f66\u8f86\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u201d[5]<\/a>\u3002\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f8<\/a>\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u9646\u4e1c\u798f<\/a>\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u5b9e\u73b0x<\/a>i2 jin4 ping2 zong3 shu1 ji4 [2]<\/a><\/sup>\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u4f1f\u5927\u590d\u5174<\/a>\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u68a6<\/a>\uff0c\u5c06\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u2018\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u2019\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u5728\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3<\/a>\u575a\u5b9a\u8ddf\u7740zhong1 guo2 gong4 chan3 dang3 [2]<\/a><\/sup>\u8d70\u3001\u594b\u52c7\u5f53\u5148\u884c\u7684\u575a\u5f3a\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u94c1\u6280\u672f\u88c5\u5907\u8d70\u5411\u4e16\u754c\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u5217\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u670d\u52a1\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u521b\u9020\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u65b0\u65f6\u7a7a\u7684\u7f8e\u597d\u613f\u666f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6df1\u60c5\u5bc4\u6258\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u4f1f\u5927\u590d\u5174\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u548c\u671f\u76fc[6]<\/a>\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u80cc\u666f | Background<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In 2007, China’s Ministry of Railways<\/a> drafted no plan for China’s future high-speed network. Bombardier Transportation<\/a>, Kawasaki Heavy Industries<\/a>, Alstom<\/a> and later Siemens<\/a> joined the high-speed train manufacturing project later known as Hexie<\/a> (simplified Chinese<\/a>: \u548c\u8c10\u53f7; traditional Chinese<\/a>: \u548c\u8ae7\u865f; pinyin<\/a>: H\u00e9xi\u00e9 H\u00e0o<\/em>; lit.<\/a> ‘Harmony’). Forming a joint-venture<\/a> with Chinese company CNR<\/a> and CSR<\/a>, the four foreign companies signed an agreement with China<\/a> to manufacture high-speed trains for China as well as provide assistance to a Chinese company to manufacture train cars locally in the future.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2007\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u9053\u90e8\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u7f51\u7edc\u5236\u5b9a\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u5e9e\u5df4\u8fea\u8fd0\u8f93\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5ddd\u5d0e\u91cd\u5de5<\/a>\uff0c\u963f\u5c14\u65af\u901a\u548c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u897f\u95e8\u5b50\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u548c\u8c10\u53f7\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\u5236\u9020\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8fd9\u56db\u5bb6\u5916\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u8f66\u548c\u4e2d\u8f66\u56db\u65b9\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5c06\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5236\u9020<\/a>\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u672a\u6765\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u706b\u8f66\u5236\u9020\u8f66\u8f86\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some of the Hexie (Harmony) train sets are manufactured locally through technology transfer, a key requirement for China. The signalling, track and support structures, control software, and station design are developed domestically with additional foreign elements. By 2010, the track system as a whole was predominantly Chinese.[8]<\/a> China currently holds many new patents related to the internal components of these trains, re-designed in China to allow the trains to run at higher speeds than the foreign designs allowed.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u8c10\u53f7\u5217\u8f66\u901a\u8fc7\u6280\u672f\u8f6c\u8ba9\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u5730\u5236\u9020\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4fe1\u53f7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u8f68\u9053\u548c\u652f\u6491\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/a>\u548c\u8f66\u7ad9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90fd\u662f\u56fd\u5185\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5916\u56fd\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u52302010\u5e74\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8f68\u9053\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u638c\u63e1[8]\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u6301\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u90e8\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u65b0\u4e13\u5229\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u4ef6\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5217\u8f66\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u6bd4\u5916\u56fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, most of Hexie’s (Harmony’s) patents are only valid within China, and as such hold no international power. The weakness of intellectual property of Hexie causes obstacles for China to export its high-speed rail related technology, which led to the development of the completely redesigned train brand called Fuxing (simplified Chinese<\/a>: \u590d\u5174\u53f7; traditional Chinese<\/a>: \u5fa9\u8208\u865f; pinyin<\/a>: F\u00f9x\u012bng H\u00e0o<\/em>; lit.<\/a> ‘Rejuvenation’) that is based on local technology.[8]<\/a>[9]<\/a>[10]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u8c10\u53f7\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u53ea\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u9645\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u548c\u8c10\u53f7\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u8584\u5f31\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u51fa\u53e3\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u9762\u4e34\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5217\u8f66\u54c1\u724c\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u590d\u5174\u53f7\uff08Fuxing\uff09\u3002[8][9][10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2 \u53d1\u5c55 | Development<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Started in 2012, CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles<\/a> (now CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles), under the guidance of China Railway Corporation, with a collection of enterprises, universities, and research institutes, carried out the development of a more advanced China Standardized EMU. In December 2013, CRRC Changchun completed developing the general technical conditions for EMUs, and completed the plan design in September 2014.[1]<\/a>[11]<\/a> The new EMU was rolled off the production line on 30 June 2015.[3]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u8f66\u957f\u6625\u8f68\u9053\u8f66\u8f86\uff08\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u8f66\u957f\u6625\u8f68\u9053\u8f66\u8f86\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff09\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u96c6\u5408\u4e86\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u4e8e2012\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5f00\u5c55\u66f4\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u30022013\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u8f66\u957f\u6625\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e2014\u5e749\u6708\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u65b9\u6848\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/a>\u3002\u8fd9\u6b3e\u65b0\u578b\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u4e8e2015\u5e746\u670830\u65e5\u4e0b\u7ebf\u751f\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to the arrangement for the China Standardized EMU research and development work, the EMUs will receive 600,000 km (372,823 mi) experimental verification and optimization.[11]<\/a> They started to experimental work at National Railway Test Center of China Academy of Railway in Beijing<\/a> after they rolled off, and they were tested at up to 160 km\/h (100 mph).[12]<\/a>[13]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u5c06\u63a5\u53d760\u4e07\u516c\u91cc\uff0837.2\u4e07\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c[11]\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4e0b\u7ebf\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u9053\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662<\/a>\u56fd\u5bb6\u94c1\u8def\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6700\u9ad8\u8fbe160\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08100\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5[12][13]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 18 November 2015, the China Standardized EMU hit a speed of 385 km\/h (240 mph) and passed the high speed test on Datong\u2013Xi’an Passenger Railway<\/a>. The EMU was tested under complicated conditions, including on bridges, in tunnels, and on slopes and turns.[4]<\/a>[14]<\/a>
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On 15 July 2016, the two China Standardized EMUs in opposite directions passed each other at 420 km\/h (260 mph) (relative speed to one another of 840 km\/h (520 mph)) during test runs on Zhengzhou\u2013Xuzhou high-speed railway<\/a>.[5]<\/a>[13]<\/a>[15]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2016\u5e747\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u4e24\u5217\u76f8\u5411\u884c\u9a76\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u5728\u90d1\u5f90\u9ad8\u94c1\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ee5420\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08260\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u9047\uff08\u76f8\u5bf9\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a840\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5373520\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09[5][13][15]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3 \u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u8425 | Commercialization<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe1-1\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

On 15 August 2016, the China Standardized EMU has started operation on Harbin\u2013Dalian High-Speed Railway<\/a>. The train was running as Train No. G8041 departed from Dalian North railway station<\/a> to Shenyang railway station<\/a>.[13]<\/a>[16]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u5316EMU\u4e8e2016\u5e748\u670815\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u54c8\u5927\u9ad8\u94c1\u4e0a\u8fd0\u8425\u3002\u5217\u8f66\u4ee5G8041\u6b21\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ece\u5927\u8fde\u5317\u7ad9\u5f00\u51fa\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u62b5\u8fbe\u6c88\u9633\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From the end of 2016 to the beginning of 2017, several subsidiaries of CRRC gained licences from the National Railway Administration to produce the rolling stocks.[17]<\/a>[18]<\/a>[19]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4ece2016\u5e74\u5e95\u52302017\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u4e2d\u8f66\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u94c1\u8def\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8f66\u8f86\u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The China Standardized EMU started its experimental long haul service on Beijing\u2013Hong Kong High-Speed Railway<\/a> on 25 February 2017.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u5316EMU\u4e8e2017\u5e742\u670825\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u4eac\u6e2f\u9ad8\u94c1<\/a>\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u957f\u9014\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On June 25, 2017, the official public name of the China Standardized EMU was unveiled as “Fuxing”, signaling a departure from the “\u548c\u8c10\u53f7” (Harmony) branding of the previous high speed trains. The next day, a CR400AF departed on its maiden journey from the Beijing South railway station<\/a>, traveling toward Shanghai, at the same time a CR400BF left Shanghai Hongqiao railway station<\/a> on its maiden journey bound for Beijing.[2]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2017\u5e746\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u5316EMU\u6b63\u5f0f\u516c\u5e03\u5176\u516c\u4f17\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u201d\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u201c\u548c\u8c10\u53f7\u201d\u724c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c\u5217CR400AF\u4ece\u5317\u4eac\u5357\u7ad9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e00\u5217CR400BF\u4e5f\u4ece\u4e0a\u6d77\u8679\u6865\u7ad9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u9996\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After extensive testing since its debut, 350 km\/h (220 mph) operation returned to the Beijing\u2013Shanghai high-speed railway<\/a> using Fuxing trains on September 21, 2017, once again making the Chinese high speed railway network<\/a> the fastest in the world.[20]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5728\u9996\u6b21\u4eae\u76f8\u540e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u5217\u8f66\u4e8e2017\u5e749\u670821\u65e5\u91cd\u65b0\u5728\u4eac\u6caa\u9ad8\u901f\u8def\u4e0a\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6350\u516c\u91cc\uff08220\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u7f51\u7edc\u518d\u6b21\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u89c4\u683c\u53ca\u6280\u672f\u7279\u70b9 | Specifications and technical features<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

An 8-car Fuxing set is 209 m (685 ft 8 in) long, 3.36 m (11 ft 0 in) wide and 4.06 m (13 ft 4 in) high. It has an axleload of less than 17 t (37,479 lb). The train can carry 556 passengers, with 10 in business class, 28 in first class, and 518 in second class.[13]<\/a> The train also reduces energy consumption, and adopts a standard parts design. It also has reinforced safety features compared with older EMUs.[16]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e00\u52178\u8282\u7f16\u7ec4\u7684\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u5217\u8f66\u957f209\u7c73\uff08685\u82f1\u5c3a8\u82f1\u5bf8\uff09\uff0c\u5bbd3.36\u7c73\uff0811\u82f1\u5c3a0\u82f1\u5bf8\uff09\uff0c\u9ad84.06\u7c73\uff0813\u82f1\u5c3a4\u82f1\u5bf8\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u8f74\u91cd\u5c0f\u4e8e17\u5428\uff0837479\u78c5\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u5217\u8f66\u53ef\u642d\u8f7d556\u540d\u4e58\u5ba2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5546\u52a1\u5ea710\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e00\u7b49\u5ea728\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e8c\u7b49\u5ea7518\u4e2a\u3002\u8be5\u5217\u8f66\u8fd8\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u80fd\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u96f6\u90e8\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u8001\u6b3eEMU\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The spacing of seats of Fuxing (Rejuvenation) is larger than Hexie (Harmony), with the first class at 1,160 mm (46 in) and the second class 1,020 mm (40 in). It also provides Wi-Fi<\/a> access.[1]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u590d\u5174\u53f7\uff08Rejuvenation\uff09\u7684\u5ea7\u4f4d\u95f4\u9694\u6bd4\u548c\u8c10\u53f7\uff08Harmony\uff09\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u4e00\u7b49\u5ea7\u4e3a1,160\u6beb\u7c73\uff0846\u82f1\u5bf8\uff09\uff0c\u4e8c\u7b49\u5ea7\u4e3a1,020\u6beb\u7c73\uff0840\u82f1\u5bf8\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Wi-Fi\u63a5\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u5b50\u578b\u53f7 | Variants<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe3-3\u548c3-4\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

All variants of Fuxing train are compatible. The EMU models shares the same standard required by China Railway Corporation<\/a>, hence the name China Standardized EMU. Fuxing train models can be identified by the designation. The number<\/em> in the designation represents the speed class in kilometers per hour. The first letter after speed is the manufacturer code, with A<\/em> being the CRRC Qingdao Sifang<\/a> and B<\/em> being the CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles<\/a>. The second letter after the speed represents whether the train set is powered by self-propelled multiple units<\/a> or locomotives<\/a>. Additional variants can be identified with the letter after the dash: No letter indicates the standard 8 car configuration. A<\/em> indicates a 16-car configuration; B<\/em> indicates 17-car configurations; C<\/em> indicates 8-car multiple units with automatic train operation<\/a> capability; G<\/em> indicates 8-car sandstorm and cold climate resistant trainset; and Z<\/em> indicates 8-car configuration with redesigned interior and exterior. Some variants have two letters indicating combined configuration, such as type GZ<\/em> being the train set featuring extreme weather resistant capability (type G<\/em>) and redesigned interior and exterior (type Z<\/em>).[21]<\/a>
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3.1 \u521d\u4ee3\u590d\u5174\u53f7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\u56fe2-1\u81f32-5\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u91c7\u7528\u201cCR+\u6570\u5b57+\u4e00\u81f3\u4e8c\u4f4d\u5b57\u6bcd\u201d\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002CR\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f8<\/a>\u82f1\u6587China Railway\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662fChina Rejuvenation\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u590d\u5174<\/a>\u201d\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u4e3a\u901f\u5ea6\u7b49\u7ea7\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u9ad8\u65f6\u901f\u5206\u522b\u4e3a200\u3001300\u548c400km\/h\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94160\u3001250\u548c350km\/h\u4e09\u79cd\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u901f\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u540e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u5382\u5546\u6280\u672f\u5e73\u53f0<\/a>\u4ee3\u7801\uff0cA\u4ee3\u8868\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e2d\u8f66\u9752\u5c9b\u56db\u65b9\u673a\u8f66\u8f66\u8f86<\/a>\u548c\u9752\u5c9b\u56db\u65b9\u5e9e\u5df4\u8fea\u94c1\u8def\u8fd0\u8f93\u8bbe\u5907<\/a>\u3001B\u4ee3\u8868\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e2d\u8f66\u957f\u6625\u8f68\u9053\u5ba2\u8f66<\/a>\u548c\u4e2d\u8f66\u5510\u5c71\u673a\u8f66\u8f66\u8f86<\/a>\uff1b\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b57\u6bcd\u662f\u6280\u672f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0cF\u4ee3\u8868\u52a8\u529b\u5206\u6563\u5f0f<\/a>\u3001J\u4ee3\u8868\u52a8\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f<\/a>[7]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n