{"id":1270,"date":"2023-09-15T20:15:09","date_gmt":"2023-09-15T12:15:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=1270"},"modified":"2024-12-18T15:13:35","modified_gmt":"2024-12-18T07:13:35","slug":"tgv-fulltext-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2023\/09\/15\/tgv-fulltext-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6cd5\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66 \/ TGV – \u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

0. \u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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0.1 \u6587\u5b57\u8bf4\u660e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\u3011\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u56fe0-1\u81f30-3\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u6cd5\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66<\/strong>\uff08\u6cd5\u8bed\uff1aTrain \u00e0 Grande Vitesse\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u9ad8\u901f\u5ea6\u5217\u8f66\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u79f0TGV<\/strong>\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u963f\u5c14\u65af\u901a\u516c\u53f8<\/a>\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8<\/a>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5efa\u9020\u3001\u5e76\u7531\u540e\u8005\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fd0\u8425\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/a>\u7cfb\u7edf\u30021981\u5e74\uff0cTGV\u5728\u5df4\u9ece<\/a>\u4e0e\u91cc\u6602<\/a>\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f00\u901a\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u5f62\u6210\u4ee5\u5df4\u9ece\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u6cd5\u56fd<\/a>\u5404\u57ce\u5e02\u53ca\u5468\u8fb9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u7f51\u7edc\u30022007\u5e744\u67083\u65e5\uff0cTGV\u4ee5574.8\u5343\u7c73\u7684\u65f6\u901f\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u8f6e\u8f68\u5217\u8f66<\/a>\u7684\u6700\u5feb\u7eaa\u5f55[1]<\/a>\u3002\u201cTGV\u201d\u662f\u6cd5\u94c1\u7684\u6ce8\u518c\u5546\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The TGV<\/strong> (French<\/a>: Train \u00e0 Grande Vitesse<\/em>, “high-speed train”; previously TurboTrain \u00e0 Grande Vitesse<\/em>) is France’s intercity high-speed rail<\/a> service, operated by SNCF<\/a>. SNCF worked on a high-speed rail network<\/a> from 1966 to 1974 and presented the project to President Georges Pompidou<\/a> who approved it. Originally designed as turbotrains<\/a> to be powered by gas turbines<\/a>, TGV prototypes evolved into electric trains with the 1973 oil crisis<\/a>. In 1976 the SNCF ordered 87 high-speed trains from Alstom<\/a>. Following the inaugural service<\/a> between Paris<\/a> and Lyon<\/a> in 1981 on the LGV Sud-Est<\/a> (LGV for Ligne \u00e0 Grande Vitesse<\/em>; “high-speed line<\/a>“), the network, centered on Paris, has expanded to connect major cities across France (including Marseille<\/a>, Lille<\/a>, Bordeaux<\/a>, Strasbourg<\/a>, Rennes<\/a> and Montpellier<\/a>) and in neighbouring<\/a> countries on a combination of high-speed and conventional lines. The TGV network in France carries about 110 million passengers a year.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTGV\uff08\u6cd5\u6587\uff1aTrain \u00e0 Grande Vitesse\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\u201d\uff1b\u4ee5\u524d\u79f0\u4e3aTurboTrain \u00e0 Grande Vitesse\uff09\u662f\u6cd5\u56fd\u7531\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\uff08SNCF\uff09\u8fd0\u8425\u7684\u57ce\u9645\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u670d\u52a1\u3002SNCF\u57281966\u5e74\u81f31974\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u84ec\u76ae\u675c\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u84ec\u76ae\u675c\u603b\u7edf\u4e88\u4ee5\u6279\u51c6\u3002\u6700\u521d\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u71c3\u6c14\u6da1\u8f6e\u673a<\/a>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u6da1\u8f6e\u5217\u8f66\uff0c\u4f46\u57281973\u5e74\u7684\u77f3\u6cb9\u5371\u673a\u540e\uff0cTGV\u539f\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u7535\u529b\u5217\u8f66\u30021976\u5e74\uff0cSNCF\u4ece\u963f\u5c14\u65af\u901a\u516c\u53f8\u8ba2\u8d2d\u4e8687\u5217\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\u3002\u81ea1981\u5e74\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u91cc\u6602\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684LGV Sud-Est\uff08LGV\u4ee3\u8868Ligne \u00e0 Grande Vitesse\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u9ad8\u901f\u7ebf\u8def\u201d\uff09\u4e0a\u9996\u6b21\u5f00\u901a\u670d\u52a1\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u5df4\u9ece\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5df2\u7ecf\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u5404\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u9a6c\u8d5b\u3001\u91cc\u5c14<\/a>\u3001\u6ce2\u5c14\u591a\u3001\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u5821\u3001\u96f7\u6069\u548c\u8499\u5f7c\u5229\u57c3<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u90bb\u56fd\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u901f\u4e0e\u5e38\u89c4\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684TGV\u7f51\u7edc\u6bcf\u5e74\u8fd0\u9001\u7ea61.1\u4ebf\u540d\u4e58\u5ba2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The high-speed tracks<\/a>, maintained by SNCF R\u00e9seau, are subject to heavy regulation. Confronted with the fact that train drivers would not be able to see signals along the track-side when trains reach full speed, engineers developed the TVM<\/a> cab-signalling<\/a> technology, which would later also see use on limited routes within Belgium, the UK, and Korea. It allows for a train engaging in an emergency braking to request within seconds all following trains to reduce their speed; if a driver does not react within 1.5 km (0.93 mi), the system overrides the controls and reduces the train’s speed automatically. The TVM safety mechanism enables TGVs using the same line to depart every three minutes.[1]<\/a>[2]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u7531SNCF R\u00e9seau\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u706b\u8f66\u53f8\u673a<\/a>\u5728\u5217\u8f66\u8fbe\u5230\u5168\u901f\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u770b\u5230\u6cbf\u7ebf\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4eec\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86TVM\u53f8\u673a\u4fe1\u53f7\u6280\u672f<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8be5\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4e00\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u7d27\u6025\u5236\u52a8\u7684\u5217\u8f66\u5728\u51e0\u79d2\u949f\u5185\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u7eed\u5217\u8f66\u964d\u4f4e\u901f\u5ea6\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f8\u673a\u57281.5\u516c\u91cc\uff080.93\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u964d\u4f4e\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002TVM\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7ebf\u8def\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684TGV\u5217\u8f66\u6bcf\u9694\u4e09\u5206\u949f\u5c31\u80fd\u53d1\u8f66\u3002[1] [2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A specially modified TGV high-speed train known as Project V150<\/a>, weighing only 265 tonnes, set the world record for the fastest wheeled train, reaching 574.8 km\/h (357.2 mph) during a test run on 3 April 2007.[3]<\/a> Standard TGV trains used for conventional services, have maximum operating speeds of 320 km\/h (200 mph) on the LGV Est<\/a>, LGV Rhin-Rh\u00f4ne<\/a> and LGV M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/a>.[4]<\/a> In 2007, the world’s fastest scheduled rail journey was a start-to-stop average speed of 279.4 km\/h (173.6 mph) between the Gare de Champagne-Ardenne<\/a> and Gare de Lorraine<\/a> on the LGV Est<\/a>,[5]<\/a>[6]<\/a> not surpassed until the 2013 reported average of 283.7 km\/h (176.3 mph) express service on the Shijiazhuang<\/a> to Zhengzhou<\/a> segment of China’s Shijiazhuang\u2013Wuhan high-speed railway<\/a>.[7]<\/a>
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The TGV was conceived at the same period as other technological projects sponsored by the Government of France<\/a>, including the Ariane 1<\/a> rocket and Concorde<\/a>supersonic airliner<\/a>; those funding programmes were known as champion national<\/em> policies (literal translation: national champion). The commercial<\/a> success of the first high-speed line led to a rapid development of services to the south (LGV Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes<\/a>, LGV M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/a>, LGV N\u00eemes\u2013Montpellier<\/a>), west (LGV Atlantique<\/a>, LGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire<\/a>, LGV Sud Europe Atlantique<\/a>), north (LGV Nord<\/a>, LGV Interconnexion Est<\/a>) and east (LGV Rhin-Rh\u00f4ne<\/a>, LGV Est<\/a>). Neighbouring countries Italy, Spain and Germany developed their own high-speed rail service<\/a>s.[citation needed<\/a><\/em>]
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTGV\u7684\u6784\u60f3\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u963f\u4e3d\u4e9a\u5a1c1\u53f7\u706b\u7bad\u548c\u534f\u548c\u8d85\u97f3\u901f\u5ba2\u673a<\/a>\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u52a9\u8ba1\u5212\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u51a0\u519b\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u9ad8\u901f\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u6210\u529f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5357\u90e8\uff08LGV Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes\uff0cLGV M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e\uff0cLGV N\u00eemes\u2013Montpellier\uff09\uff0c\u897f\u90e8\uff08LGV Atlantique\uff0cLGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire\uff0cLGV Sud Europe Atlantique\uff09\uff0c\u5317\u90e8\uff08LGV Nord\uff0cLGV Interconnexion Est\uff09\u548c\u4e1c\u90e8\uff08LGV Rhin-Rh\u00f4ne\uff0cLGV Est\uff09\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u90bb\u56fd\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e5f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u670d\u52a1\u3002[\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u8bc1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The TGV system itself extends to neighbouring countries, either directly (Italy, Spain, Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany) or through TGV-derivative networks<\/a> linking France to Switzerland (Lyria<\/a>), to Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands (Thalys<\/a>), as well as to the United Kingdom (Eurostar<\/a>). Several future lines are planned, including extensions within France and to surrounding countries. Cities such as Tours and Le Mans have become part of a “TGV commuter<\/a> belt” around Paris; the TGV also serves Charles de Gaulle Airport<\/a> and Lyon\u2013Saint-Exup\u00e9ry Airport<\/a>. A visitor attraction in itself, it stops at Disneyland Paris<\/a> and in tourist cities such as Avignon<\/a> and Aix-en-Provence<\/a> as well. Brest, Chamb\u00e9ry, Nice, Toulouse and Biarritz are reachable by TGVs running on a mix of LGVs and modernised lines. In 2007, SNCF generated profits of \u20ac1.1 billion<\/a> (approximately US$1.75 billion, \u00a3875 million) driven largely by higher margins on the TGV network.[8]<\/a>[9]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTGV\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u8eab\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u90bb\u56fd\uff0c\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u901a\uff08\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u3001\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u3001\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u63a5\u6cd5\u56fd\u4e0e\u745e\u58eb\u7684TGV\u884d\u751f\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Lyria\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u8377\u5170\uff08Thalys\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\uff08Eurostar\uff09\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd8\u8ba1\u5212\u5efa\u8bbe\u82e5\u5e72\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6cd5\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u548c\u5468\u8fb9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u56fe\u5c14<\/a>\u548c\u52d2\u8292\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5df4\u9ece\u5468\u8fb9\u201cTGV\u901a\u52e4\u5e26\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1bTGV\u8fd8\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u673a\u573a\u548c\u91cc\u6602-\u5723\u57c3\u514b\u7d6e\u4f69\u91cc\u673a\u573a<\/a>\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65c5\u6e38\u666f\u70b9\uff0cTGV\u505c\u9760\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u8fea\u65af\u5c3c\u4e50\u56ed\u3001\u963f\u7ef4\u5c3c\u7fc1\u548c\u827e\u514b\u65af-\u666e\u7f57\u65fa\u65af\u7b49\u65c5\u6e38\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u5e03\u96f7\u65af\u7279\u3001\u5c1a\u8c9d\u91cc\u3001\u5c3c\u65af\u3001\u56fe\u5362\u5179\u548c\u6bd4\u4e9a\u91cc\u8328<\/a>\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u7ebf\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7ebf\u8def\u6df7\u5408\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684TGV\u5230\u8fbe\u30022007\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\uff08SNCF\uff09\u901a\u8fc7TGV\u7f51\u7edc\u83b7\u5f97\u4e8611\u4ebf\u6b27\u5143\uff08\u7ea6\u540817.5\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c8.75\u4ebf\u82f1\u9551\uff09\u7684\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8eTGV\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8f83\u9ad8\u5229\u6da6\u7387\u3002[8][9]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0.2 \u6982\u51b5\u8868\u683c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\u3011\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5730\u533a<\/td>\u6cd5\u56fd<\/td><\/tr>
\u4ea4\u901a\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\u57ce\u9645\u5217\u8f66<\/a>\uff0c\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/td><\/tr>
\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425<\/td>1981\u5e749\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u200b41\u5e74\u524d<\/td><\/tr>
\u8fd0\u8425\u5355\u4f4d<\/td>\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8

France, with services extending to Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Spain and the Netherlands
\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u3001\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u745e\u58eb\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u548c\u8377\u5170\u3002<\/td><\/tr>
Website \u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9<\/td>TGV on http:\/\/sncf.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u8f68\u8ddd<\/td>1,435\u6beb\u7c73\uff08\u51c6\u8f68\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5386\u53f2 | History<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe1-1\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

The idea of the TGV was first proposed in the 1960s, after Japan had begun construction of the Shinkansen<\/a> in 1959. At the time the government of France favoured new technology, exploring the production of hovercraft<\/a> and the A\u00e9rotrain<\/a> air-cushion vehicle. Simultaneously, the SNCF began researching high-speed trains on conventional tracks. In 1976, the administration agreed to fund the first line. By the mid-1990s, the trains were so popular that SNCF President Louis Gallois<\/a> declared that the TGV was “the train that saved French railways”.[10]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTGV\u7684\u6784\u60f3\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u57281960\u5e74\u4ee3\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u65e5\u672c\u5df2\u7ecf\u57281959\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u4fee\u5efa\u65b0\u5e72\u7ebf\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u9752\u7750\u65b0\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u751f\u4ea7\u6c14\u57ab\u8239<\/a>\u548c\u7a7a\u6c14\u6d6e\u540a\u5217\u8f66\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\uff08SNCF\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\u4f20\u7edf\u8f68\u9053\u4e0a\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\u30021976\u5e74\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u540c\u610f\u8d44\u52a9\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u9ad8\u901f\u7ebf\u8def\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0cTGV\u5217\u8f66\u5982\u6b64\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u603b\u88c1\u8def\u6613\u00b7\u52a0\u6d1b\u74e6\u5ba3\u79f0TGV\u662f\u201c\u633d\u6551\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u5217\u8f66\u201d\u3002[10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u53d1\u5c55 | Development<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Main article:<\/em> Development of the TGV<\/a><\/em>
\u4e3b\u6761\u76ee\uff1aTGV\u7684\u53d1\u5c55<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It was originally planned that the TGV, then standing for tr\u00e8s grande vitesse<\/em> (“very high speed”) or turbine grande vitesse<\/em> (“high-speed turbine”), would be propelled by gas turbines<\/a>, selected for their small size, good power-to-weight ratio<\/a> and ability to deliver high power over an extended period. The first prototype, TGV 001<\/a>, was the only gas-turbine TGV: following the increase in the price of oil<\/a> during the 1973 energy crisis<\/a>, gas turbines were deemed uneconomic and the project turned to electricity from overhead lines<\/a>, generated by new nuclear power stations<\/a>.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6700\u521d\u8ba1\u5212\u7684TGV\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u201c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u901f\u201d\u6216\u201c\u9ad8\u901f\u6da1\u8f6e\u201d\uff09\u539f\u672c\u662f\u6253\u7b97\u7531\u71c3\u6c14\u6da1\u8f6e\u63a8\u8fdb\u7684\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u71c3\u6c14\u6da1\u8f6e\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4f53\u79ef\u5c0f\u3001\u529f\u7387\u91cd\u91cf\u6bd4\u597d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u529f\u7387\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f86\u539f\u578b\u8f66TGV 001\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u8f86\u91c7\u7528\u71c3\u6c14\u6da1\u8f6e\u7684TGV\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e1973\u5e74\u80fd\u6e90\u5371\u673a\u671f\u95f4\u6cb9\u4ef7\u4e0a\u6da8\uff0c\u71c3\u6c14\u6da1\u8f6e\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u8f6c\u5411\u4e86\u7531\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u6838\u7535\u7ad9\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u67b6\u7a7a\u7ebf\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u7535\u529b\u4f9b\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TGV 001 was not a wasted prototype:[11]<\/a> its gas turbine was only one of its many new technologies for high-speed rail travel. It also tested high-speed brakes, needed to dissipate the large amount of kinetic energy<\/a> of a train at high speed, high-speed aerodynamics, and signalling. It was articulated, comprising two adjacent carriages sharing a bogie<\/a>, allowing free yet controlled motion with respect to one another. It reached 318 km\/h (198 mph), which remains the world speed record for a non-electric train. Its interior and exterior were styled by French designer Jacques Cooper, whose work formed the basis of early TGV designs, including the distinctive nose shape of the first power cars.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTGV 001\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u8f86\u88ab\u6d6a\u8d39\u7684\u539f\u578b\u8f66\uff1a\u5176\u71c3\u6c14\u6da1\u8f6e\u4ec5\u662f\u5176\u4f17\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u65c5\u884c\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e86\u9ad8\u901f\u5236\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6d88\u8017\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u52a8\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u901f\u7a7a\u6c14\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5173\u8282\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u4e24\u8282\u76f8\u90bb\u8f66\u53a2\u5171\u7528\u4e00\u53f0\u8f6c\u5411\u67b6<\/a>\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u76f8\u4e92\u81ea\u7531\u800c\u53d7\u63a7\u5730\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5b83\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86318\u516c\u91cc<\/a>\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08198\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u975e\u7535\u52a8\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u901f\u5ea6\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5916\u90e8\u7531\u6cd5\u56fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08Jacques Cooper\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6210\u4e3a\u65e9\u671fTGV\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f86\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u8f66\u5934\u5f62\u72b6\u3002[11]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Changing the TGV to electric traction required a significant design overhaul. The first electric prototype, nicknamed Z\u00e9bulon, was completed in 1974, testing features such as innovative body mounting of motors, pantographs<\/a>, suspension<\/a> and braking<\/a>. Body mounting of motors allowed over 3 tonnes to be eliminated from the power cars and greatly reduced the unsprung weight<\/a>. The prototype travelled almost 1,000,000 km (621,371 mi) during testing.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5c06TGV\u6539\u4e3a\u7535\u529b\u7275\u5f15\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f86\u7535\u6c14\u5316\u539f\u578b\u8f66\uff0c\u88ab\u6635\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cZ\u00e9bulon\u201d\uff0c\u4e8e1974\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e86\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u7535\u673a\u3001\u53d7\u7535\u5f13<\/a>\u3001\u60ac\u6302\u548c\u5236\u52a8\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7535\u673a\u7684\u8f66\u4f53\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u51cf\u91cd\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc73\u5428\uff0c\u5e76\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u975e\u5f39\u6027\u91cd\u91cf\u3002\u8be5\u539f\u578b\u8f66\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u884c\u9a76\u4e86\u8fd1100\u4e07\u516c\u91cc\uff08621,371\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1976, the French administration funded the TGV project, and construction of the LGV Sud-Est<\/a>, the first high-speed line (French: ligne \u00e0 grande vitesse<\/em>), began shortly afterwards. The line was given the designation LN1, Ligne Nouvelle 1<\/em> (“New Line 1”). After two pre-production trainsets (nicknamed Patrick<\/em> and Sophie<\/em>) had been tested and substantially modified, the first production version was delivered on 25 April 1980.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a1976\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8d44\u52a9\u4e86TGV\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u9ad8\u901f\u7ebf\u8def\uff08\u6cd5\u8bed\uff1aligne \u00e0 grande vitesse\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5357\u4e1c\u9ad8\u901f\u7ebf\uff08LGV Sud-Est\uff09\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u8be5\u7ebf\u8def\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3aLN1\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u65b0\u7ebf\u8def1\u53f7\u201d\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e24\u5217\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u5217\u8f66\uff08\u6635\u79f0\u4e3aPatrick\u548cSophie\uff09\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u5927\u5e45\u4fee\u6539\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u751f\u4ea7\u7248\u672c\u4e8e1980\u5e744\u670825\u65e5\u4ea4\u4ed8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4e24\u5217\u91cf\u4ea7\u524d\u7684\u5217\u8f66\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u6b63\u5f0f\u751f\u4ea7\u7684TGV\u5217\u8f66\u4e8e1980\u5e744\u670825\u65e5\u4ea4\u8d27\u30021981\u5e749\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\u4e0e\u91cc\u6602\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e1c\u5357\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/a>\u7684TGV\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5f0f\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u5f00\u653e\u3002TGV\u6700\u521d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5ba2\u6237\u662f\u5f80\u6765\u4e8e\u4e24\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5546\u52a1\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\u76ee\u6807\u5e02\u573a\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u559c\u6b22\u4e58\u5750\u8fd9\u79cd\u5feb\u6377\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TGV\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u7684\u5239\u8f66\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u52a8\u8f66\u91c7\u7528\u7535\u6c14\u5239\u8f66\u4e0e\u8e0f\u9762\u5239\u8f66\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u65e0\u52a8\u529b\u4e2d\u90e8\u8f66\u53a2\u5219\u4e8e\u8f66\u8f74\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5239\u8f66\u789f\u7247\u5e76\u8d77\u538b\u7f29\u7a7a\u6c14\u9a71\u52a8\u4e4b\u3002TGV\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u65b0\u5e72\u7ebf\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e4b\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2 \u670d\u52a1 | Service<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Main article:<\/em> List of TGV services<\/a><\/em>
\u4e3b\u6761\u76ee\uff1aTGV\u670d\u52a1\u5217\u8868<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\u56fe1-2\u81f31-4\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

The TGV opened to the public between Paris<\/a> and Lyon<\/a> on 27 September 1981. Contrary to its earlier fast services, SNCF intended TGV service for all types of passengers, with the same initial ticket price as trains on the parallel conventional line. To counteract the popular misconception that the TGV would be a premium service for business travellers, SNCF started a major publicity campaign focusing on the speed, frequency, reservation policy, normal price, and broad accessibility of the service.[12]<\/a> This commitment to a democratised TGV service was enhanced in the Mitterrand<\/a> era with the promotional slogan “Progress means nothing unless it is shared by all”.[13]<\/a> The TGV was considerably faster (in terms of door to door travel time) than normal trains, cars<\/a>, or aeroplanes<\/a>. The trains became widely popular, the public welcoming fast and practical travel.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTGV\u4e8e1981\u5e749\u670827\u65e5\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u91cc\u6602\u4e4b\u95f4\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u5f00\u653e\u3002\u4e0e\u65e9\u671f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5feb\u901f\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cSNCF\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u63d0\u4f9bTGV\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u7968\u4ef7\u4e0e\u5e73\u884c\u4f20\u7edf\u7ebf\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u706b\u8f66\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6253\u7834TGV\u53ea\u662f\u5546\u52a1\u65c5\u5ba2\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u666e\u904d\u8bef\u89e3\uff0cSNCF\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u5f3a\u8c03\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u9891\u7387\u3001\u9884\u8ba2\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u6b63\u5e38\u4ef7\u683c\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u53ef\u53ca\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u7684TGV\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u5bc6\u7279\u6717\u65f6\u4ee3\u5f97\u5230\u52a0\u5f3a\uff0c\u4ee5”\u8fdb\u6b65\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eba\u5171\u4eab\u5c31\u6beb\u65e0\u610f\u4e49”\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a\u7279\u8272\u3002TGV\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u4ece\u95e8\u5230\u95e8\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u666e\u901a\u5217\u8f66\u3001\u6c7d\u8f66\u6216\u98de\u673a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5217\u8f66\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u8868\u793a\u6b22\u8fce\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Eurostar<\/a> service began operation in 1994, connecting continental Europe<\/a> to London<\/a> via the Channel Tunnel<\/a> and the LGV Nord-Europe with a version of the TGV designed for use in the tunnel and the United Kingdom. The first phase of the British High Speed 1<\/a> line was completed in 2003, the second phase in November 2007. The fastest trains take 2 hours 15 minutes London\u2013Paris and 1 hour 51 minutes London\u2013Brussels. The first twice-daily London-Amsterdam service ran 3 April 2018, and took 3 hours 47 minutes.[14]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6b27\u6d32\u4e4b\u661f\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e1994\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6d77\u5e95\u96a7\u9053\u548c\u5317\u6b27\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8defLGV Nord-Europe\u5c06\u6b27\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u4e0e\u4f26\u6566\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u96a7\u9053\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u7684TGV\u7248\u672c\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f1\u7ebf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u5df2\u4e8e2003\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u4e8e2007\u5e7411\u6708\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5217\u8f66\u4ece\u4f26\u6566\u5230\u5df4\u9ece\u9700\u89812\u5c0f\u65f615\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u4ece\u4f26\u6566\u5230\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14<\/a>\u53ea\u97001\u5c0f\u65f651\u5206\u949f\u3002\u9996\u5217\u6bcf\u65e5\u4e24\u6b21\u7684\u4f26\u6566-\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u5217\u8f66\u4e8e2018\u5e744\u67083\u65e5\u5f00\u884c\uff0c\u8017\u65f63\u5c0f\u65f647\u5206\u949f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3 \u91cc\u7a0b\u7891 | Milestones<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe1-5\u548c1-6\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

The TGV was the world’s third commercial and standard gauge<\/a> high-speed train service,[15]<\/a> after Japan’s Shinkansen<\/a>, which connected<\/a> Tokyo and Osaka<\/a> from 1 October 1964, and Britain’s InterCity 125<\/a> on main lines such as the East Coast Main Line<\/a>, which entered service in 1976.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTGV\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u8f68\u8ddd<\/a>\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u65b0\u5e72\u7ebf\uff08\u4e8e1964\u5e7410\u67081\u65e5\u8fde\u63a5\u4e1c\u4eac\u548c\u5927\u962a\uff09\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u7684InterCity 125\uff08\u4e8e1976\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u4e1c\u6d77\u5cb8\u5e72\u7ebf\u7b49\u4e3b\u7ebf\u8def\u4e0a\u8fd0\u8425\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A modified TGV test train holds the world speed record<\/a> for conventional trains. On 3 April 2007 a modified TGV POS<\/a> train reached 574.8 km\/h (357.2 mph) under test conditions<\/a> on the LGV Est<\/a> between Paris and Strasbourg. The line voltage was boosted to 31 kV, and extra ballast was tamped onto the permanent way. The train beat the 1990 world speed record<\/a> of 515.3 km\/h (320.2 mph), set by a similarly shortened train (two power cars and three passenger cars), along with unofficial records set during weeks preceding the official record run. The test was part of an extensive research programme by Alstom.[16]<\/a>[17]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e00\u8f86\u6539\u88c5\u7684TGV\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5217\u8f66\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5e38\u89c4\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u901f\u5ea6\u7eaa\u5f55\u3002\u57282007\u5e744\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u4e00\u8f86\u6539\u88c5\u540e\u7684TGV POS\u5217\u8f66\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u5821\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684LGV Est\u7ebf\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86574.8\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08357.2\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u7ebf\u8def\u7535\u538b\u88ab\u63d0\u5347\u81f331\u5343\u4f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6c38\u4e45\u8def\u57fa\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u78b4\u77f3\u3002\u8fd9\u8f86\u5217\u8f66\u6253\u7834\u4e861990\u5e74\u7531\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7f29\u77ed\u7248\u5217\u8f66\uff08\u4e24\u4e2a\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u548c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5ba2\u8f66\uff09\u521b\u4e0b\u7684515.3\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08320.2\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u901f\u5ea6\u7eaa\u5f55\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u521b\u7eaa\u5f55\u884c\u9a76\u524d\u51e0\u5468\u5185\u521b\u9020\u7684\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u963f\u5c14\u65af\u901a\u516c\u53f8\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2007, the TGV was the world’s fastest conventional scheduled train<\/a>: one journey’s average start-to-stop speed from Champagne-Ardenne Station to Lorraine Station is 279.3 km\/h (173.5 mph).[5]<\/a>[6]<\/a> This record was surpassed on 26 December 2009 by the new Wuhan-Guangzhou High-Speed Railway<\/a>[18]<\/a> in China<\/a> where the fastest scheduled train covered 922 km (573 mi) at an average speed of 312.54 km\/h (194.20 mph).[19]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2007\u5e74\uff0cTGV\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u5b9a\u671f\u5217\u8f66\uff1a\u4ece\u9999\u69df-\u963f\u767b\u7ad9\u5230\u6d1b\u6797\u7ad9\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8d77\u6b62\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a279.3\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08173.5\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09[5][6]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7eaa\u5f55\u57282009\u5e7412\u670826\u65e5\u88ab\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6b66\u5e7f\u9ad8\u94c1\uff08\u65b0\u7684\u6b66\u6c49\u81f3\u5e7f\u5dde\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\uff09\u8d85\u8d8a[18]\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5b9a\u671f\u5217\u8f66\u4ee5\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u901f312.54\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08194.20\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u884c\u9a76\u4e86922\u516c\u91cc\uff08573\u82f1\u91cc\uff09[19]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Eurostar (TGV) train<\/a> broke the record for the longest non-stop high-speed international journey on 17 May 2006 carrying the cast and filmmakers of The Da Vinci Code<\/a><\/em> from London to Cannes<\/a> for the Cannes Film Festival<\/a>. The 1,421-kilometre (883 mi) journey took 7 hours 25 minutes on an average speed of 191.6 km\/h (119.1 mph).[20]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e00\u5217\u6b27\u6d32\u4e4b\u661f\uff08TGV\uff09\u5217\u8f66\u4e8e2006\u5e745\u670817\u65e5\u521b\u4e0b\u4e86\u6700\u957f\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u56fd\u9645\u8fde\u7eed\u884c\u7a0b\u7eaa\u5f55\uff0c\u642d\u8f7d\u7740\u300a\u8fbe\u00b7\u82ac\u5947\u5bc6\u7801\u300b\u7684\u6f14\u5458\u548c\u5236\u7247\u4eba\u4ece\u4f26\u6566\u524d\u5f80\u621b\u7eb3\u53c2\u52a0\u621b\u7eb3\u7535\u5f71\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u8d9f\u957f\u8fbe1,421\u516c\u91cc\uff08883\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u8017\u65f67\u5c0f\u65f625\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u901f\u4e3a191.6\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08119.1\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u3002[20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fastest single long-distance run on the TGV was done by a TGV R\u00e9seau<\/a> train from Calais-Frethun to Marseille (1,067.2 km (663.1 mi)i) in 3 hours 29 minutes at a speed of 306 km\/h (190 mph) for the inauguration of the LGV M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/a> on 26 May 2001.[21]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTGV R\u00e9seau\u5217\u8f66\u57282001\u5e745\u670826\u65e5\u4e3aLGV\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u7ebf\u7684\u5f00\u901a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u957f\u9014\u884c\u9a76\uff0c\u4ece\u52a0\u6765-\u5f17\u96f7\u987f\u5230\u9a6c\u8d5b\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3a1,067.2\u516c\u91cc\uff08663.1\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\uff0c\u8017\u65f63\u5c0f\u65f629\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u4ee5306\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08190\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u884c\u9a76\u3002[21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.4 \u4e58\u5ba2\u91cf Passenger usage<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

On 28 November 2003, the TGV network carried its one billionth passenger, a distant second only to the Shinkansen’s five billionth passenger in 2000.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2003\u5e7411\u670828\u65e5\uff0cTGV\u7684\u5ba2\u8fd0\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e8610\u4ebf\u4eba\u6b21\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u843d\u540e\u4e8e2000\u5e74\u65b0\u5e72\u7ebf\u768450\u4ebf\u4eba\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Excluding international traffic, the TGV system carried 98 million passengers during 2008, an increase of 8 million (9.1%) on the previous year.[22]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u56fd\u9645\u4ea4\u901a\uff0cTGV\u7cfb\u7edf\u57282008\u5e74\u8fd0\u9001\u4e869800\u4e07\u4e58\u5ba2\uff0c\u6bd4\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u4e86800\u4e07(9.1%)\u3002[22]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/
\uff08\u8868\u5185\u6ce8t 1\uff09from 1994 including Eurostar \u81ea1994\u5e74\u8d77\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u4e4b\u661f\u201d
\uff08\u8868\u5185\u6ce8t 2\uff09 from 1997 including Thalys \u81ea1997\u5e74\u8d77\u5305\u62ec\u201cThalys\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. \u8fd0\u884c\u7ebf\u8def Lines in operation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u6761\u76ee\uff1a\u6cd5\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u6ce81\uff1a\u4ec5\u5217\u51fa\u975e\u6cd5\u94c1\u5217\u8f66\u3002
\u6ce82\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u5883\u5185\u8def\u6bb5\u3002
\u6ce83\uff1a1990\u5e74\u901a\u8f66\u3002
\u6ce84\uff1a\u5df4\u9ece – \u52d2\u8292252\u5343\u7c73\uff0c\u5206\u6b67\u70b9 – \u56fe\u5c1432\u5343\u7c73\u3002
\u6ce85\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5883\u5185\u8def\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

In June 2021, there were approximately 2,800 km (1,740 mi) of Lignes \u00e0 Grande Vitesse<\/a><\/em> (LGV), with four additional line sections under construction. The current lines and those under construction can be grouped into four routes radiating from Paris and one that currently only connects to Paris through a section of classical track: LGV Interconnexion Est<\/a> connects LGV Sud-Est to LGV Nord around Paris.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u622a\u81f32021\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\uff08LGV\uff09\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u7ea6\u4e3a2,800\u516c\u91cc\uff081,740\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\u6b63\u5728\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\u548c\u6b63\u5728\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u4ece\u5df4\u9ece\u8f90\u5c04\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u524d\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u4f20\u7edf\u94c1\u8def\u8f68\u9053\u4e0e\u5df4\u9ece\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff1aLGV\u4e92\u8054\u4e1c\u90e8\u5c06LGV\u4e1c\u5357\u7ebf\u4e0eLGV\u5317\u7ebf\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u9644\u8fd12\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1 \u73b0\u5b58\u7ebf\u8def Existing lines<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe2-1\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

1 LGV Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes<\/a> (Lyon to Valence<\/a>) (opened 1992)
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011LGV\u7f57\u7eb3-\u963f\u5c14\u5351\u65af\uff08\u4ece\u91cc\u6602\u5230\u74e6\u6717\u65af<\/a>\uff09\uff08\u4e8e1992\u5e74\u5f00\u901a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2 LGV Interconnexion Est<\/a> (LGV Sud-Est to LGV Nord Europe, east of Paris) (opened 1994)
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011LGV\u4e92\u8054\u4e1c\u90e8\uff08\u8fde\u63a5LGV\u4e1c\u5357\u7ebf\u4e0eLGV\u5317\u6b27\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5df4\u9ece\u4e1c\u90e8\uff09\uff08\u4e8e1994\u5e74\u5f00\u901a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3 LGV M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/a> (An extension of LGV Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes: Valence to Marseille-Saint-Charles<\/a>) with a branch to N\u00eemes (opened 2001)
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011LGV\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\uff08LGV\u7f57\u7eb3-\u963f\u5c14\u5351\u65af\u7ebf\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff1a\u4ece\u74e6\u6717\u65af\u5230\u9a6c\u8d5b\u5723\u67e5\u5c14\u65af<\/a>\uff09\u5e76\u5e26\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u652f\u7ebf\u901a\u5f80\u5c3c\u59c6\uff08\u4e8e2001\u5e74\u5f00\u901a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 LGV Perpignan\u2013Figueres<\/a> (Spain to France) (construction finished 17 February 2009, TGV service from 19 December 2010)[24]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011LGV\u4f69\u76ae\u5c3c\u626c-\u83f2\u683c\u96f7\u65af\uff08\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u81f3\u6cd5\u56fd\uff09\uff08\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e8e2009\u5e742\u670817\u65e5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0cTGV\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e2010\u5e7412\u670819\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\uff09[24]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5 LGV Rhin-Rh\u00f4ne<\/a>[25]<\/a> (Lyon<\/a>\u2013Dijon<\/a>\u2013Mulhouse<\/a>), first phase opened 11 December 2011.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011LGV\u83b1\u8335-\u7f57\u7eb3\uff08\u91cc\u6602-\u7b2c\u620e-\u7a46\u5c14\u8c6a\u65af\uff09[25]\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4e8e2011\u5e7412\u670811\u65e5\u5f00\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6 LGV Sud Europe Atlantique<\/a> (Tours<\/a>\u2013Bordeaux<\/a>), extending the southern branch of the LGV Atlantique<\/a> (also called LGV Sud-Ouest);[26]<\/a> opened on 2 July 2017.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011LGV \u5357\u6b27\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u7ebf\uff08\u56fe\u5c14-\u6ce2\u5c14\u591a\uff09\uff0c\u5ef6\u4f38 LGV \u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u7ebf\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a LGV \u897f\u5357\u7ebf\uff09\u7684\u5357\u90e8\u652f\u7ebf\uff1b[26] \u4e8e 2017 \u5e74 7 \u6708 2 \u65e5\u5f00\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7 LGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire<\/a> (Le Mans<\/a>\u2013Rennes<\/a>), extending the western branch of the LGV Atlantique<\/a>;[27]<\/a>[28]<\/a> opened on 2 July 2017.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011LGV \u5e03\u5217\u5854\u5c3c-\u5362\u74e6\u5c14\u6cb3\u5730\u533a\uff08\u52d2\u8292-\u96f7\u6069\uff09\uff0c\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e86 LGV Atlantique \u7684\u897f\u90e8\u652f\u7ebf\uff1b[27][28]\u4e8e 2017 \u5e74 7 \u6708 2 \u65e5\u5f00\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8 N\u00eemes-Montpellier bypass<\/a> extending the south-western stub of the LGV M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/a> by 60 km (37 mi) towards the Spanish border; opened on 12 December 2017 for freight (July 2018 for passengers). It is however currently limited to a maximum speed of 220 km\/h (137 mph), since the installation of ETCS<\/a> Level 2 allowing speeds up to 300 km\/h (186 mph) is yet to be planned.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5c3c\u59c6-\u8499\u5f7c\u5229\u57c3\u7ed5\u9053\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e86LGV\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u7684\u897f\u5357\u652f\u7ebf\uff0c\u5411\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8fb9\u5883\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e8660\u516c\u91cc\uff0837\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\uff1b\u4e8e2017\u5e7412\u670812\u65e5\u5f00\u901a\u7528\u4e8e\u8d27\u8fd0\uff082018\u5e747\u6708\u5f00\u901a\u7528\u4e8e\u4e58\u5ba2\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5176\u6700\u9ad8\u65f6\u901f\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u5728220\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08137\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c1a\u672a\u8ba1\u5212\u5b89\u88c5ETCS Level 2\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u8fbe300\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08186\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u901f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2 \u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u7684\u7ebf\u8def Under construction<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1 Lyon\u2013Turin<\/a> (Lyon<\/a>\u2013Chamb\u00e9ry<\/a>\u2013Turin<\/a>), connecting to the Italian TAV<\/a> network.[29]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u91cc\u6602-\u90fd\u7075\uff08\u91cc\u6602-\u5c1a\u8d1d\u91cc<\/a>-\u90fd\u7075\uff09\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684TAV\u7f51\u7edc\u3002[29]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.3 \u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u7684\u7ebf\u8def Planned lines<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In 2017, French President Emmanuel Macron<\/a> announced a plan to “reassess” planned LGV construction, implying that many of the projects listed here will be delayed or not constructed at all. Contrary to this, the French government confirmed 5 new lines in late summer 2018.[30]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112017\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u57c3\u9a6c\u7ebd\u57c3\u5c14\u00b7\u9a6c\u514b\u9f99\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u4f30\u201d\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd9\u91cc\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u5c06\u4f1a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6216\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u57282018\u5e74\u590f\u672b\u786e\u8ba4\u4e865\u6761\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\u3002[30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 LGV Bordeaux\u2013Toulouse<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u6ce2\u5c14\u591a-\u56fe\u5362\u5179\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2 LGV Montpellier\u2013Perpignan<\/a>, the last gap in Europe’s longest high-speed route between Paris and M\u00e1laga<\/a>\/Seville<\/a>.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011LGV \u8499\u5f7c\u5229\u57c3-\u4f69\u76ae\u5c3c\u6602<\/a>\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u6700\u957f\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u9a6c\u62c9\u52a0\/\u585e\u7ef4\u5229\u4e9a<\/a>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6bb5\u7f3a\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3 LGV Poitiers\u2013Limoges<\/a>[31]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u6ce2\u5c14\u591a-\u5229\u6469\u65e5<\/a>\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 LGV Provence-Alpes-C\u00f4te d’Azur<\/a> (Marseille<\/a>\u2013Nice<\/a>), would reduce Paris\u2013Nice travel times from 5h25 to 3h50.[32]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3010LGV \u666e\u7f57\u65fa\u65af-\u963f\u5c14\u5351\u65af-\u84dd\u8272\u6d77\u5cb8<\/a>\uff08\u9a6c\u8d5b-\u5c3c\u65af\uff09\u5c06\u628a\u5df4\u9ece\u5230\u5c3c\u65af\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece5\u5c0f\u65f625\u5206\u949f\u7f29\u77ed\u52303\u5c0f\u65f650\u5206\u949f\u3002[32]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5 LGV Sud Europe Atlantique Phase 3<\/a> (Bordeaux to Spanish Border)[33]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5357\u6b27\u6d32\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\uff08\u4ece\u6ce2\u5c14\u591a\u81f3\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8fb9\u5883\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6 LGV Rhin-Rh\u00f4ne<\/a>[25]<\/a> (Lyon<\/a>\u2013Dijon<\/a>\u2013Mulhouse<\/a>), second phase of the eastern branch construction initially planned to start in 2014, but funding is unclear for the western and southern branches.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\uff08\u91cc\u6602-\u8fea\u620e-\u7a46\u5c14\u8c6a\u65af\uff09\uff0c\u4e1c\u90e8\u5206\u652f\u7ebf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u5efa\u8bbe\u6700\u521d\u8ba1\u5212\u4e8e2014\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4f46\u897f\u90e8\u548c\u5357\u90e8\u5206\u652f\u7ebf\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u60c5\u51b5\u5c1a\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7 Extension to Narbonne<\/a> of the LGV Bordeaux\u2013Toulouse<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u6ce2\u5c14\u591a-\u56fe\u5362\u5179\u9ad8\u94c1\u81f3\u7eb3\u5c14\u90a6\u7684\u5ef6\u957f\u7ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8 LGV Picardie<\/a> (Paris\u2013Amiens<\/a>\u2013Calais<\/a>), cutting off the corner of the LGV Nord-Europe via Lille.[29]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\uff08\u5df4\u9ece-\u4e9a\u7720-\u52a0\u6765\uff09\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u91cc\u5c14\u5207\u65adLGV\u5317\u6b27\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u4e00\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9 LGV Normandie<\/a> would run from Paris to Rouen, Le Havre, Caen and Cherbourg. The line would have a stop in La D\u00e9fense where it would meet with a proposed link to LGV Nord and a proposed Eurostar service to terminate in La D\u00e9fense.[34]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011LGV\u8bfa\u66fc\u5e95\u5c06\u4ece\u5df4\u9ece\u901a\u5f80\u9c81\u6602\u3001\u52d2\u963f\u5f17\u5c14<\/a>\u3001\u5361\u6602\u548c\u745f\u5821\u3002\u8be5\u7ebf\u8def\u5c06\u5728\u62c9\u5fb7\u65b9\u65af\uff08La D\u00e9fense\uff09\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u7ad9\uff0c\u4e0eLGV\u5317\u65b9\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u62df\u8bae\u8fde\u63a5\u53ca\u62df\u8bae\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\u4e3a\u62c9\u5fb7\u65b9\u65af\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u4e4b\u661f\uff08Eurostar\uff09\u670d\u52a1\u76f8\u8fde\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10 LGV Paris\u2013Orl\u00e9ans\u2013Clermont-Ferrand\u2013Lyon (POCL)<\/a> [fr<\/a>] On 30 July 2010, the government of then President Sarkozy<\/a> announced that it expected to start work on a second LGV between Paris and Lyon between 2020 and 2030. The train line would run via Orl\u00e9ans and Clermont-Ferrand, at a length of 410 km (255 mi), and is expected to cost \u20ac12bn.[35]<\/a> The route will be known as LGV POCL (Paris, Orl\u00e9ans, Clermont-Ferrand and Lyon). Four potential routes are being studied as of 2011, with consultations continuing into 2012. Work would not start before 2025.[36]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5df4\u9ece-\u5965\u5c14\u826f-\u514b\u83b1\u8499\u8d39\u6717-\u91cc\u6602\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\uff08POCL\uff09[\u6cd5\u8bed]\u30022010\u5e747\u670830\u65e5\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u8428\u79d1\u9f50\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u5e03\u9884\u8ba1\u57282020\u5e74\u81f32030\u5e74\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u4fee\u5efa\u5df4\u9ece\u5230\u91cc\u6602\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u3002\u8be5\u94c1\u8def\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u5965\u5c14\u826f\u548c\u514b\u83b1\u8499\u8d39\u6717\uff0c\u5168\u957f410\u516c\u91cc\uff08255\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u8d39\u7528\u4e3a120\u4ebf\u6b27\u5143\u3002\u8be5\u7ebf\u8def\u5c06\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5df4\u9ece-\u5965\u5c14\u826f-\u514b\u83b1\u8499\u8d39\u6717-\u91cc\u6602\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\uff08LGV POCL\uff09\u3002\u622a\u81f32011\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u8def\u7ebf\u6b63\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6301\u7eed\u52302012\u5e74\u8fdb\u884c\u54a8\u8be2\u3002\u5de5\u7a0b\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u57282025\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u8f66\u8f86 | Rolling stock<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe3-1\u548c3-2\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

TGVs have semi-permanently coupled articulated<\/a> un-powered coaches<\/a>, with Jacobs bogies<\/a> between the coaches supporting both of them. Power cars<\/a> at each end of the trains have their own bogies. Trains can be lengthened by coupling two TGVs, using couplers hidden in the noses of the power cars. The articulated design is advantageous during a derailment, as the passenger carriages are more likely to stay upright and in line with the track. Normal trains could split at couplings<\/a> and jackknife, as seen in the Eschede train disaster<\/a>. A disadvantage is that it is difficult to split sets of carriages. While power cars can be removed from trains by standard uncoupling procedures, specialised depot equipment is needed to split carriages, by lifting the entire train at once. Once uncoupled, one of the carriage ends is left without a bogie at the split, so a bogie frame is required to support it. Using Power Cars instead of Electric Multiple Units<\/a> easily allows for a high ride quality and less electrical equipment.[37]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTGV\u5217\u8f66\u91c7\u7528\u534a\u6c38\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5<\/a>\u7684\u5173\u8282\u5f0f\u975e\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u53a2\uff0c\u8f66\u53a2\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u96c5\u53ef\u5e03\u65af\u8f6c\u5411\u67b6\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5217\u8f66\u4e24\u7aef\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u53a2\u5404\u81ea\u914d\u5907\u8f6c\u5411\u67b6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u53a2\u524d\u90e8\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u8026\u5408\u5668\uff0c\u4e24\u5217TGV\u5217\u8f66\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5173\u8282\u5f0f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5728\u5217\u8f66\u8131\u8f68\u4e8b\u6545\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5ba2\u8f66\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u76f4\u7acb\u5e76\u4e0e\u94c1\u8f68\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u800c\u5e38\u89c4\u5217\u8f66\u5728\u8f66\u53a2\u8fde\u63a5\u5904\u5bb9\u6613\u8131\u8282\u548c\u8f6c\u5411\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u57c3\u65bd\u5fb7\u706b\u8f66\u4e8b\u6545\u4e2d\u6240\u89c1\u3002\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5206\u79bb\u8f66\u53a2\u8f83\u4e3a\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u867d\u7136\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/a>\u4ece\u5217\u8f66\u4e0a\u62c6\u5378\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u4fee\u8f66\u8bbe\u5907\u6765\u5206\u79bb\u8f66\u53a2\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u8f66\u5347\u8d77\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u5206\u5272\u5904\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4fa7\u8f66\u53a2\u5c06\u6ca1\u6709\u8f6c\u5411\u67b6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u5411\u67b6\u5e95\u5ea7\u6765\u652f\u6491\u5b83\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7535\u529b\u591a\u5143\u5355\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u4e58\u5750\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u7535\u6c14\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are five types of TGV equipment in use, all built by Alstom<\/a>:
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684TGV\u8bbe\u5907\u6709\u4e94\u79cd\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u7531\u963f\u5c14\u65af\u901a\u5236\u9020:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 TGV Atlantique<\/a> (10 carriages)
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u53f7TGV(10\u8282\u8f66\u53a2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2 TGV R\u00e9seau<\/a> (similar to Atlantique, but 8 carriages)
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011TGV R\u00e9seau\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u67098\u8282\u8f66\u53a2\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3 TGV Duplex<\/a> (two floors for greater passenger capacity)
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011TGV Duplex\uff08\u53cc\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u4e58\u5ba2\u5bb9\u91cf\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 TGV POS<\/a> (originally for routes to Germany, now used to Switzerland)
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011TGV POS\uff08\u6700\u521d\u7528\u4e8e\u5f80\u8fd4\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u4e8e\u5f80\u8fd4\u745e\u58eb\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5 TGV 2N2<\/a> (Avelia Euroduplex) (upgrade of the TGV Duplex)
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011TGV 2N2\uff08Avelia Euroduplex\uff09\uff08TGV Duplex\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u7248\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Retired sets:
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5df2\u9000\u5f79\u8f66\u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n