{"id":1342,"date":"2023-09-22T14:57:32","date_gmt":"2023-09-22T06:57:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=1342"},"modified":"2023-12-11T17:14:44","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T09:14:44","slug":"metropolitan-area-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2023\/09\/22\/metropolitan-area-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\/Metropolitan area – \uff08\u5168\u6587\uff09\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u89c1\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bd1\u6587\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u4e0e\u539f\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC-BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\u5c01\u9762\u56fe\u7247\uff1aSatellite image<\/a> of the New York metropolitan area<\/a>, the largest metropolitan area in the United States and one of the largest in the world, with Long Island<\/a> in the east and Manhattan<\/a> in the image’s center\uff08\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u7684\u536b\u661f\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u957f\u5c9b\u5728\u4e1c\u90e8\uff0c\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1ahttp:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/IOTD\/view.php?id=82155<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

0. \u5e8f\u8a00[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u90fd\u5e02\u533a<\/strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1ametropolitan area; metropolitan coordinating region\uff09\u53c8\u79f0\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a<\/strong>\u3001\u90fd\u5e02\u5708<\/strong>\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u4ee5\u5927\u90fd\u5e02<\/a>\u7684\u4e2d\u592e<\/a>\u57ce\u533a<\/a>\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5411\u5468\u56f4\u5e02\u90ca<\/a>\u3001\u8fdc\u90ca<\/a>\u3001\u536b\u661f\u57ce<\/a>\u3001\u8fb9\u7f18\u533a<\/a>\u7684\u96c6\u9547<\/a>\u3001\u6751\u9547<\/a>\u3001\u4e61\u6751<\/a>\u7b49\u5730\u533a\u8513\u5ef6<\/a>\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d7\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212<\/a>\u7ba1\u8f96\u7684\u590d\u5408\u57ce\u5e02<\/a>\u96c6\u5408\u533a\u57df\u3002\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u5176\u5404\u4e2a\u805a\u5c45\u5730<\/a>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e<\/a>\u8054\u7cfb\u3001\u4ea7\u4e1a<\/a>\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ea4\u901a<\/a>\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a<\/a>\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212<\/a>\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd<\/a>\u5efa\u8bbe\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5317\u7f8e<\/a>\u5730\u533a\u7684\u201cmetropolitan area\u201d\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u91cc\u4e00\u822c\u8bd1\u4f5c\u201c\u5927\u90fd\u4f1a<\/strong>\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a<\/strong>\u201d\u6216\u201c\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a<\/strong>\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/
\u7f8e\u56fd\u65b0\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5dde\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u514b\u57fa\u5e02\u7684\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u5230\u5468\u8fb9\u90ca\u533a\u7a7a\u7167\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aRon Reiring<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A metropolitan area<\/strong> or metro<\/strong> is a region consisting of a densely populated urban agglomeration<\/a> and its surrounding territories sharing industries<\/a>, commercial areas<\/a>, transport network<\/a>, infrastructures<\/a> and housing<\/a>.[1]<\/a>[2]<\/a> A metropolitan area usually comprises multiple principal cities<\/a>, jurisdictions<\/a> and municipalities<\/a>: neighborhoods<\/a>, townships<\/a>, boroughs<\/a>, cities<\/a>, towns<\/a>, exurbs<\/a>, suburbs<\/a>, counties<\/a>, districts<\/a> and even states<\/a> and nations<\/a> in areas like the eurodistricts<\/a>. As social, economic and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have become key economic and political regions.[3]<\/a>
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Metropolitan areas typically include satellite cities<\/a>, towns and intervening rural areas that are socioeconomically tied to the principal cities<\/a> or urban core<\/a>, often measured by commuting<\/a> patterns.[4]<\/a> Metropolitan areas are sometimes anchored by one central city<\/a> such as the Paris metropolitan area<\/a> (Paris<\/a>) or Mumbai Metropolitan Region<\/a> (Mumbai<\/a>). In other cases, metropolitan areas contain multiple centers of equal or close to equal importance, especially in the United States; for example, the Dallas\u2013Fort Worth metropolitan area<\/a> has eight principal cities. The Islamabad\u2013Rawalpindi metropolitan area<\/a> (Islamabad<\/a> and Rawalpindi<\/a>), the Rhine-Ruhr<\/a> in Germany and the Randstad<\/a> in the Netherlands are other examples.[5]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u536b\u661f\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u548c\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u6216\u57ce\u5e02\u6838\u5fc3\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u901a\u52e4\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u8861\u91cf[4]\u3002\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u6709\u65f6\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u4f5c\u4e3a\u951a\u70b9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5df4\u9ece\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\uff08\u5df4\u9ece\uff09\u6216\u5b5f\u4e70\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\uff08\u5b5f\u4e70\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7a0b\u5ea6\u76f8\u5f53\u6216\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fbe\u62c9\u65af-\u6c83\u65af\u5821\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u6709\u516b\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u5821-\u62c9\u74e6\u5c14\u54c1\u7b2c\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\uff08\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u5821\u548c\u62c9\u74e6\u5c14\u54c1\u7b2c\uff09\u3001\u83b1\u8335-\u9c81\u5c14\u533a\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\uff09\u548c\u5170\u65af\u5854\u5fb7\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\uff08\u8377\u5170\uff09\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4f8b\u5b50[5]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5e02\u533a<\/a>\uff08\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5efa\u6210\u533a<\/a>\uff09\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5177\u57ce\u5e02\u7279\u8272\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u901a\u8fc7\u5c31\u4e1a\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5546\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fb9\u8fdc\u533a\u57df\u6709\u65f6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u901a\u52e4\u5e26\uff08commuter belt\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u51fa\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u653f\u533a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u957f\u5c9b\u7684\u827e\u65af\u5229\u666e<\/a>\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5927\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a<\/a>\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u548c\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u7684\u754c\u9650\u90fd\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u5e02\u533a\uff08urban area\uff09\u5dee\u522b\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u65f6\u5b83\u4eec\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4e0e\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u805a\u843d\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5e94\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5dee\u4e0a\u767e\u4e07\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea1950\u5e74\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\uff08metropolitan areas\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u660e\u663e\u53d8\u5316\uff0c[1]<\/a>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5730\u7406\u5206\u5e03\u5219\u6709\u660e\u663e\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u672a\u6765\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u53d8\u5316\u3002[2]<\/a>\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u7edf\u8ba1\u533a\u201d\uff08metropolitan statistical area\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u66f4\u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u662f\u201c\u57ce\u5e02\u670d\u52a1\u533a\u201d\uff08metro service area\uff09\u3001\u201c\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u201d\uff08metro area\uff09\u6216\u201cMSA\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u90ca\u533a\uff0c\u8fdc\u90ca\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f1a\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u591a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u96c6\u805a\u533a<\/a>\uff08urban agglomeration\uff09\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u65f6\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u533a\u57df\u4e0e\u4e4b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/
A metropolitan area usually includes a main city and a series of smaller satellite cities as can be seen in this map of Madrid&#39;s metropolitan area (click on the map to enlarge it)\uff08\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u536b\u661f\u57ce\uff0c\u5982\u9a6c\u5fb7\u91cc\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u5730\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\u4e0a\u56fe\u6765\u6e90\uff1aInstituto Geogr\u00e1fico Nacional<\/a> (archived version<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

In the United States<\/a>, the concept of metropolitan statistical areas<\/a> has gained prominence. The area of the Greater Washington metropolitan area<\/a> is an example of statistically grouping independent cities and county areas from various states to form a larger city because of proximity, history and recent urban<\/a> convergence. Metropolitan areas may themselves be part of a greater megalopolis<\/a>. For urban centres located outside metropolitan areas that generate a similar attraction at a smaller scale for a region, the concept of a regiopolis<\/a> and a respective regiopolitan area, or regio, was introduced by German professors in 2006.[6]<\/a> In the United States, the term micropolitan statistical area<\/a> is used.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u533a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5927\u534e\u76db\u987f\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u5dde\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u53bf\u533a\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u63a5\u8fd1\u6027\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u878d\u5408\u3002\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f4d\u4e8e\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u4ee5\u8f83\u5c0f\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4ea7\u751f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u6559\u6388\u57282006\u5e74\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u201c\u533a\u57df\u90fd\u5e02\u201d\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u533a\u57df\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u6216\u533a\u57df\uff08Regio\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5fae\u578b\u7edf\u8ba1\u533a\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5b9a\u4e49 Definition<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d1\u5c55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A metropolitan area combines an urban agglomeration<\/a> with the contiguous built-up areas, which are not necessarily urban in character but are closely bound to the center by employment or other commerce. These outlying zones are sometimes known as a commuter belt and may extend well beyond the urban zone to other political entities. For example, East Hampton, New York<\/a>, on Long Island<\/a> is considered part of the New York metropolitan area<\/a>.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u5c06\u57ce\u5e02\u805a\u96c6\u533a\u4e0e\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5efa\u6210\u533a\u57df\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5177\u6709\u57ce\u5e02\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u5c31\u4e1a\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5546\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u533a\u7d27\u5bc6\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5468\u8fb9\u533a\u57df\u6709\u65f6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u901a\u52e4\u5e26\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u57df\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u653f\u6cbb\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u957f\u5c9b\u4e0a\u7684\u4e1c\u6c49\u666e\u987f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7ebd\u7ea6\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In practice, the parameters of metropolitan areas, in both official and unofficial usage, are not consistent. Sometimes they are little different from an urban area, and in other cases, they cover broad regions that have little relation to a single urban settlement; comparative statistics for metropolitan areas should take this into account. The term metropolitan can also refer to a county<\/a>-level municipal government<\/a> structure, with some shared services between a central city and its suburbs, which may or may not include the entirety of a metropolitan area. Population figures given for one metro area can vary by millions.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5728\u5b98\u65b9\u548c\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u533a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4e0e\u5355\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5b9a\u5c45\u70b9\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u533a\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u672f\u8bed\u201c\u90fd\u4f1a\u201d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u53bf\u7ea7\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5176\u90ca\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u6216\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u6574\u4e2a\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u76f8\u5dee\u51e0\u767e\u4e07\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There has been no significant change in the basic concept of metropolitan areas since its adoption in 1950,[7]<\/a> although significant changes in geographic distributions have occurred since then, and more are expected.[8]<\/a> Because of the fluidity of the term “metropolitan statistical area”, the term used colloquially is more often “metro service area”, “metro area”, or “MSA”, taken to include not only a city but also the surrounding suburban, exurban and sometimes rural areas, all of which the city is presumed to influence. A polycentric metropolitan area contains multiple urban agglomerations not connected by continuous development. In defining a metropolitan area, it is sufficient that a city or cities form a nucleus with which other areas have a high degree of integration.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u81ea1950\u5e74\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u81ea\u90a3\u65f6\u4ee5\u6765\u5730\u7406\u5206\u5e03\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9884\u8ba1\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u90fd\u4f1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u533a\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\uff0c\u53e3\u8bed\u4e2d\u66f4\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u201c\u90fd\u4f1a\u670d\u52a1\u533a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u201d\u6216\u201cMSA\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672f\u8bed\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u57ce\u5e02\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u90ca\u533a\u3001\u5916\u90ca\u533a\u548c\u6709\u65f6\u7530\u56ed\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u90fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53d7\u5230\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u5305\u62ec\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u805a\u96c6\u533a\u3002\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u65f6\uff0c\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A metropolitan area is commonly known and characterized by a high concentration in service sector<\/a> labor and enterprises.[9]<\/a>[10]<\/a> Macroeconomics<\/a> views metropolitan areas as trade<\/a> regions of economic significance.[11]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u3002[9][10]\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5c06\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u89c6\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u533a\u57df\u3002[11]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2 \u6c49\u8bed\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u6b67<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1.2.1 \u53f0\u6e7e<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u6761\u76ee\uff1a\u53f0\u6e7e\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/
\u53f0\u5317\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6bdb\u8c93\u5927\u5c11\u723a – https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/92975612@N02\/52185140077\/<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u533a\u57df\u5185\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fde\u7ed3\u4e0e\u6b64\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u4e4b\u5e02\u3001\u9547\u3001\u4e61\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u536b\u661f\u5e02\u9547\uff09\u6240\u5171\u540c\u7ec4\u6210\u4e4b\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e14\u5176\u533a\u5185\u4eba\u53e3\u603b\u6570\u8fbe\u4e09\u5341\u4e07\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2.2 <\/strong>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7ef4\u57fa\u6587\u5e93<\/a>\u4e2d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u732e\uff1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u6539\u9769\u59d4\u5173\u4e8e\u57f9\u80b2\u53d1\u5c55\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u610f\u89c1<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u8fc7\u53bb\u5bf9\u201c\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u201d\u201c\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u201d\u201c\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4<\/a>\u201d\u201c\u5927\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u201d\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u5e76\u65e0\u4e25\u683c\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u201d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646<\/a>\u81ea1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5730\u57df\u7ecf\u6d4e<\/a>\u7528\u8bed\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5e38\u76f4\u63a5\u501f\u7528\u65e5\u6587<\/a>\u201c\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u540c\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u65e5\u6587<\/a>\u201c\u90fd\u5e02\u570f\u201d\u5373\u82f1\u6587\u201cmetropolitan coordinating region\u201d\u4e4b\u542b\u4e49\u30022019\u5e742\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u6539\u9769\u59d4<\/a>\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u6539\u9769\u59d4\u5173\u4e8e\u57f9\u80b2\u53d1\u5c55\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u610f\u89c1\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u201d\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u5185\u90e8\u4ee5\u8d85\u5927\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u6216\u8f90\u5c04\u5e26\u52a8\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u7684\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u4ee51\u5c0f\u65f6\u901a\u52e4\u5708\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f62\u6001\u201d[3]<\/a>\uff0c\u4ece\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u201c\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u65e9\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u201c\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u201d\u7b49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u201d\u7684\u6b21\u4e00\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u300a\u73e0\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u57ce\u9547\u7fa4\u534f\u8c03\u53d1\u5c55\u89c4\u5212\uff082004-2020\uff09\u300b\u300a\u73e0\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u57ce\u4e61\u89c4\u5212\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u89c4\u5212\uff082009\u20142020\u5e74\uff09\u300b\u4e2d\u5c06\u73e0\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4<\/a>\u5206\u4e3a\u5e7f\u4f5b\u8087\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u3001\u6df1\u839e\u60e0\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u3001\u73e0\u4e2d\u6c5f\u90fd\u5e02\u533a[4]<\/a>\uff1b2016\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u957f\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u53d1\u5c55\u89c4\u5212\u300b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u6838\u4e94\u5708\u56db\u5e26\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u4e94\u5708\u201d\u662f\u6307\u201c\u63a8\u52a8\u5357\u4eac\u90fd\u5e02\u5708<\/a>\u3001\u676d\u5dde\u90fd\u5e02\u5708<\/a>\u3001\u5408\u80a5\u90fd\u5e02\u5708<\/a>\u3001\u82cf\u9521\u5e38\u90fd\u5e02\u5708<\/a>\u3001\u5b81\u6ce2\u90fd\u5e02\u5708<\/a>\u7684\u540c\u57ce\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u201d\u3002[5]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/
\u77f3\u5bb6\u5e84\u4ee5\u536b\u661f\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e0e\u5317\u4eac\u540c\u5c5e\u4e00\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5708\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aKhalidshou at the English Wikipedia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a2018\u300b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9664\u6e2f\u6fb3\u53f0\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5171\u670934\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\uff0c\u5360\u5230\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u768424%\uff0c\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u768459%\uff0cGDP\u768477.8%\u3002\u6839\u636e\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u5e73\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u62a5\u544a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u5206\u4e3a\u6210\u719f\u578b\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u578b\u548c\u57f9\u80b2\u578b\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u957f\u4e09\u89d2\u548c\u73e0\u4e09\u89d2\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u76847\u4e2a\u90fd\u5e02\u5708\u53d1\u5c55\u6700\u4e3a\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f62\u6210\u8fde\u7ef5\u6210\u7247\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u8fde\u7ef5\u533a<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n