{"id":1893,"date":"2023-11-18T20:28:14","date_gmt":"2023-11-18T12:28:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=1893"},"modified":"2025-01-31T17:28:17","modified_gmt":"2025-01-31T09:28:17","slug":"high-speed-rail-in-indonesia-fulltext-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2023\/11\/18\/high-speed-rail-in-indonesia-fulltext-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5370\u5c3c\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def \/ High-speed rail in Indonesia – \uff08\u5168\u6587\uff09\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee<\/span><\/span><\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

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\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u5c5e\u4e8e\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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0. \u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

0.1 \u6587\u5b57\u8bf4\u660e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u5370\u5c3c\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/strong>\uff08\u5370\u5c3c\u8bed<\/a>\uff1aKereta kecepatan tinggi di Indonesia\uff09\u9879\u76ee\u8017\u8d4473\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143[3]<\/a>\u3002\u9996\u6761\u5f00\u901a\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\u96c5\u4e07\u9ad8\u94c1<\/strong>\uff08\u5370\u5c3c\u8bed<\/a>\uff1aKereta Cepat Jakarta\u2013Bandung, KCJB\uff09\u5168\u957f142.3\u5343\u7c73\uff0888.4\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u8fd0\u8425\u65f6\u901f350\u5343\u7c73\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08220\u82f1\u91cc\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5370\u5c3c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\uff1a\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u9996\u90fd\u7279\u533a<\/a>\u548c\u4e07\u9686<\/a>\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7531\u539f\u5148\u7684\u8d85\u8fc73\u5c0f\u65f6\u7f29\u77ed\u81f3\u7ea640\u5206\u949f\u3002\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e8e2016\u5e74\u7834\u571f\u52a8\u5de5\uff0c\u539f\u8ba2\u57282019\u5e74\u901a\u8f66\uff0c\u4f46\u6570\u6b21\u63a8\u8fdf\u540e\u5de5\u671f\u5ef6\u81f32023\u5e74\u30022023\u5e745\u6708\u4e1c\u76df\u5cf0\u4f1a<\/a>\u671f\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u6d4b\u8bd5[4]<\/a>[5]<\/a>\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba1\u5212\u4e8e8\u6708\u5f00\u901a\u4ee5\u8fce\u63a5\u5370\u5c3c\u72ec\u7acb\u65e5<\/a>[6]<\/a>[7]<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u4e8e9\u67087\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\u8bd5\u8fd0\u8425[8]<\/a>\uff0c10\u67082\u65e5\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u8425[9]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WHOOSH<\/strong>\uff08\u5370\u5c3c\u8bed<\/a>\uff1aW<\/strong>aktu h<\/strong>emat, o<\/strong>perasi o<\/strong>ptimal, s<\/strong>istem h<\/strong>ebat\uff0c\u76f4\u8bd1<\/a>\uff1a\u7701\u65f6\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u5148\u8fdb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5217\u8f66\u9a76\u8fc7\u65f6\u201c\u55d6\u201d\u7684\u62df\u58f0\u8bcd[10]<\/a>[11]<\/a>[12]<\/a>[13]<\/a>\uff09\u662f\u7531\u5370\u5c3c-\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8<\/a>\uff08KCIC\uff09\u8fd0\u8425\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe-\u4e07\u9686\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u54c1\u724c\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5217\u8f66\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u590d\u5174\u53f7CR400AF\u578b\u7535\u529b\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4<\/a>\u7684KCIC400AF[4]<\/a>\u3002WHOOSH\u662f\u4e1c\u76df<\/a>\u3001\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a<\/a>\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def[14]<\/a>[15]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Whoosh<\/strong> (short for Waktu Hemat, Operasi Optimal, Sistem Hebat<\/em>, lit. ‘Timesaving, Optimal Operation, Excellent System’)[3]<\/a>[4]<\/a>[5]<\/a> is the brand name for high-speed train<\/a> services on the Jakarta\u2013Bandung high-speed railway<\/strong> (Indonesian<\/a>: Kereta Cepat Jakarta\u2013Bandung<\/em>) operated by Kereta Cepat Indonesia China<\/a> (KCIC).[6]<\/a>[7]<\/a> The Whoosh is the first high-speed railway in Southeast Asia<\/a>,[8]<\/a>[note 1]<\/a> and Southern Hemisphere<\/a>[9]<\/a>[note 2]<\/a> covering a distance of 142.8 kilometres (88.7 mi) with a operating speed of 350 km\/h (220 mph),[10]<\/a>[1]<\/a>[11]<\/a> and design speed of KCIC400AF<\/a> train of 420 km\/h (260 mph) (not for the rail[12]<\/a>[11]<\/a>)[13]<\/a>[14]<\/a> making Indonesia<\/a> only the second country with the fastest railway network in the world that operates commercially, on par with China<\/a>[15]<\/a>[note 3]<\/a>[note 4]<\/a> connecting Indonesia’s first and third largest metro cities, Greater Jakarta<\/a> with over 34 million population and Greater Bandung<\/a> with population of 11 million, serving a total of 45 million population.[16]<\/a>[note 5]<\/a> It reduces the travel time between the two cities from 3 hours to about 40 minutes.[9]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a”\u55d6”\uff08Waktu Hemat, Operasi Optimal, Sistem Hebat\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u8fd0\u884c\u3001\u4f18\u79c0\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\uff09\u662f\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe-\u4e07\u9686\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u4e0a\u9ad8\u901f\u5217\u8f66\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u54c1\u724c\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u7531\u5370\u5c3c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u94c1\u516c\u53f8\uff08KCIC\uff09\u8fd0\u8425\u3002[6][7] \u55d6\u662f\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\uff0c[8][note 1]\u4e5f\u662f\u5357\u534a\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\uff0c[9][note 2]\u5168\u957f142.8\u516c\u91cc\uff0888.7\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\uff0c\u8fd0\u8425\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a350\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08220\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\uff0c[10][1][11] KCIC400AF\u5217\u8f66\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a420\u516c\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08260\u82f1\u91cc\/\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\uff08\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8f68\u9053\uff09[12][11] [13][14]\u4f7f\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709\u6700\u5feb\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u8425\u94c1\u8def\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e76\u9a7e\u9f50\u9a71[15][note3][note4]\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u8d85\u8fc73400\u4e07\u7684\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a1100\u4e07\u7684\u5927\u4e07\u9686\uff0c\u5171\u670d\u52a14500\u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\u3002[16][note 5]\u5b83\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece3\u5c0f\u65f6\u7f29\u77ed\u5230\u7ea640\u5206\u949f\u3002[9]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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note1\uff1aLaos’ Vientiane-Boten railway<\/a> with speed of 160 km\/h (100 mph) would be classified as semi-high speed rail<\/a>.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u8001\u631d\u7684\u4e07\u8c61\u81f3\u78e8\u4e01\u94c1\u8def\u65f6\u901f160\u516c\u91cc(100\u82f1\u91cc)\uff0c\u5c06\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u534a\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

note2\uff1aAustralia’ New South Wales XPT<\/a> with speed of 160 km\/h (100 mph) would be classified as semi-high speed rail<\/a>.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u65b0\u5357\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u5dde\u7684XPT\u9ad8\u94c1\uff0c\u65f6\u901f160\u516c\u91cc(100\u82f1\u91cc)\uff0c\u5c06\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u534a\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

note3\uff1aJapan’ T\u014dhoku Shinkansen<\/a> with speed of 320 km\/h (200 mph)
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u65e5\u672cT\u014dhoku\u65b0\u5e72\u7ebf\uff0c\u65f6\u901f320\u516c\u91cc(200\u82f1\u91cc)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

note4\uff1aFrance’ LGV Sud Europe Atlantique<\/a> with speed of 320 km\/h (200 mph)
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u65f6\u901f320\u516c\u91cc(200\u82f1\u91cc)\u7684\u6cd5\u56fdLGV\u201c\u5357\u5fb7\u6b27\u6d32\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u53f7\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

note5\uff1aThe railway does not enter Bandung City proper<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u4e0d\u8fdb\u5165\u4e07\u9686\u5e02<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

The Whoosh’s total cost is $7.3 billion USD.[17]<\/a>[18]<\/a>[19]<\/a>[20]<\/a> The rolling stock<\/a> for the Whoosh<\/em>has been stated to be the KCIC400AF Fuxing<\/a> EMU<\/a> trainsets.[21]<\/a> The first trainset arrived in Indonesia mid-2022 and was tested on 16 November 2022, during the G20 Bali summit<\/a>.[22]<\/a>The Jakarta-Bandung HSR line performed further trial runs in May 2023, during an ASEAN Summit<\/a>,[22]<\/a>[23]<\/a> and was initially scheduled to begin general operation in August 2023, coinciding with Indonesia’s independence day<\/a> celebrations.[24]<\/a>[25]<\/a> The project’s opening was then delayed to September, with officials citing a need to ensure passenger safety as the primary cause.[26]<\/a> The Jakarta-Bandung HSR began trial operation with passengers on 7 September 2023, and commercial operations on 2 October 2023.[27]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a”\u55d6”\u7684\u603b\u6210\u672c\u4e3a73\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002[17][18][19][20] “\u55d6”\u7684\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3aKCIC400AF\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u3002[21] \u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\u4e8e2022\u5e74\u4e2d\u671f\u62b5\u8fbe\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\uff0c\u5e76\u57282022\u5e7411\u670816\u65e5G20\u5df4\u5398\u5c9b\u5cf0\u4f1a\u671f\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002[22] \u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe-\u4e07\u9686\u9ad8\u94c1\u7ebf\u8def\u57282023\u5e745\u6708\u4e1c\u76df\u5cf0\u4f1a\u671f\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c[22][23] \u5e76\u6700\u521d\u8ba1\u5212\u57282023\u5e748\u6708\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u72ec\u7acb\u65e5\u5e86\u795d\u6d3b\u52a8\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5168\u9762\u8fd0\u8425\u3002[24][25] \u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u968f\u540e\u63a8\u8fdf\u52309\u6708\uff0c\u5b98\u5458\u4eec\u5c06\u5176\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u4e58\u5ba2\u5b89\u5168\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002[26] \u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe-\u4e07\u9686\u9ad8\u94c1\u4e8e2023\u5e749\u67087\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u8f7d\u5ba2\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e2023\u5e7410\u67082\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u8425\u3002[27]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0.2 \u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u8868\u683c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\uff081\uff09\u6982\u8ff0 | Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Native name\uff08\u5f53\u5730\u540d\u79f0\uff09<\/td>Waktu Hemat, Operasi Optimal, Sistem Hebat<\/td><\/tr>
\u8425\u8fd0\u5730\u70b9<\/td>\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe
\u897f\u722a\u54c7\u7701
\u4e2d\u722a\u54c7\u7701
\u65e5\u60f9\u7279\u533a
\u4e1c\u722a\u54c7\u7701<\/td><\/tr>
\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/td><\/tr>
Owner\uff08\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff09<\/td>Kereta Cepat Indonesia China (KCIC)
\u5370\u5c3c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8<\/td><\/tr>
\u8425\u8fd0\u8005<\/td>Kereta Cepat Indonesia China (KCIC)
\u5370\u5c3c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8<\/td><\/tr>
\u76ee\u524d\u72b6\u51b5<\/td>\u8fd0\u8425\u4e2d<\/td><\/tr>
\u5f00\u901a\u8425\u8fd0<\/td>2023\u5e7410\u67082\u65e5<\/td><\/tr>
\u8d77\u70b9\u7ad9\uff08\u5f53\u524d\uff09<\/td>\u54c8\u6797\u9ad8\u94c1\u7ad9 Halim\uff08\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u4e3a\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u7aef\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u7ec8\u70b9\u7ad9\uff08\u5f53\u524d\uff09<\/td>\u5fb7\u52a0\u5362\u4e9a\u5c14\u9ad8\u94c1\u7ad9 Tegalluar\uff08\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u4e3a\u4e07\u9686\u7aef\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
Stations\uff08\u7ad9\u70b9\uff09\uff08\u5f53\u524d\uff09<\/td>4 (3 opened, 1 under construction)
\uff08\u51714\u7ad9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d3\u7ad9\u5df2\u5f00\u653e\uff0c1\u7ad9\u4ecd\u5728\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
Website\uff08\u7f51\u7ad9\uff09<\/td>https:\/\/ticket.kcic.co.id\/webTrade\/#\/home\/index<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\uff082\uff09\u6280\u672f\u6570\u636e | Technical<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8def\u7ebf\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\u9ad8\u67b6\u6865\u3001\u96a7\u9053\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u7acb\u4f53\u5316<\/td><\/tr>
\u8def\u7ebf\u957f\u5ea6<\/td>142.3\u5343\u7c73\uff0888.4\u82f1\u91cc\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u6700\u9ad8\u901f\u5ea6<\/td>\u8fd0\u8425\uff1a
350 km\/h\uff08220 mph\uff09[1]
\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a
350 km\/h\uff08220 mph\uff09[2]
\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a
385 km\/h\uff08240 mph\uff09[1]<\/td><\/tr>
\u6b63\u7ebf\u6570\u76ee<\/td>\u590d\u7ebf\u94c1\u8def<\/td><\/tr>
\u8f68\u8ddd<\/td>1,435\u6beb\u7c73\uff084\u82f1\u5c3a8 1\u20442\u82f1\u5bf8\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
Highest elevation\uff08\u6700\u9ad8\u6d77\u62d4\uff09<\/td>25\u2013824 m (82\u20132,703 ft)
\uff0825\u2013824 \u7c73\uff0882\u20132,703 \u82f1\u5c3a\uff09\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u7535\u6c14\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>25KV 50Hz AC\uff0c\u67b6\u7a7a\u63a5\u89e6\u7f51<\/td><\/tr>
\u8f66\u8f86\u57fa\u5730<\/td>\u5fb7\u5361\u9c81\u5c14\u52a8\u8f66\u6bb5<\/td><\/tr>
\u4f7f\u7528\u8f66\u578b<\/td>KCIC400AF<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"\/
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\n

\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5217\u8f66\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52ff\u52a0\u6cd7<\/a>
\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1aCIT400AF performs a test run. Passing through Bekasi City
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aCIT400AF \u6267\u884c\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 \u7a7f\u8fc7\u52ff\u52a0\u6cd7\u5e02<\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aMuhammad Bintang Nurandi Putra<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5370\u5c3c\u9ad8\u94c1\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u8fdb\u5c55 | History and development<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

2008\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c<\/a>\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u89c4\u5212\u5173\u4e8e\u5174\u5efa\u9ad8\u94c1\u4ee5\u8fde\u7ed3\u8be5\u56fd\u4e24\u5927\u4eba\u53e3\u7a20\u5bc6\u90fd\u5e02 – \u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe<\/a>\u548c\u6cd7\u6c34<\/a>\uff0c\u5e76\u4f30\u8ba1\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u7ebf\u5c06\u8fbe730\u516c\u91cc[16]<\/a>[17]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e5\u672c<\/a>\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd<\/a>\u90fd\u5bf9\u5370\u5c3c\u7684\u9ad8\u94c1\u5174\u5efa\u8868\u793a\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u57282015\u5e74\u62db\u6807\u65f6\u4e24\u56fd\u90fd\u5bf9\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u81f3\u4e07\u9686\u8def\u6bb5\uff08142.3\u516c\u91cc\uff09\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u505a\u8fc7\u7efc\u5408\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u53ea\u6709\u65e5\u672c\u72ec\u7acb\u884c\u653f\u6cd5\u4eba\u56fd\u9645\u534f\u529b\u673a\u6784<\/a>\uff08JICA\uff09\u53d1\u5e03\u8fc7\u7531\u4e07\u9686\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u6cd7\u6c34\uff08\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u5230\u6cd7\u6c34\u603b\u957f\u5ea6730\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u6263\u9664\u96c5\u4e07\u9ad8\u94c1\u7684142.3\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u957f\u5ea6\u7ea6\u4e3a590\u516c\u91cc\uff09\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\uff0c[18]<\/a>\u4f46\u672c\u6b21\u62db\u6807\u8303\u56f4\u5e76\u672a\u5305\u542b\u4e07\u9686\u81f3\u6cd7\u6c34\u8def\u6bb5\uff0c\u540e\u56e0\u9884\u7b97\u95ee\u9898\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u6cd7\u6c34\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u5df2\u906d\u6401\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ad8\u94c1\u5de5\u7a0b\u7ade\u6807\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c55\u5f00\u627f\u63fd\u4e9a\u6d32\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u3002[19]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2015\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba<\/a>\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73<\/a>\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u4e07\u9686\u4f1a\u8bae<\/a>\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c<\/a>\u5373\u5ba3\u5e03\u542f\u52a8\u96c5\u4e07\u9ad8\u94c1\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u65e5\u672c<\/a>\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd<\/a>\u4e4b\u95f4\u62e9\u4e00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34[18]<\/a>\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u57282015\u5e749\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u593a\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6807\u6848[20]<\/a>[21]<\/a>\uff0c\u9887\u4ee4\u65e5\u672c\u5931\u671b[22]<\/a>\u3002\u6709\u4f20\u8a00\u79f0\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u4e0e\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u8c08\u5224\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65e2\u4e0d\u9700\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d37\u6b3e\u62c5\u4fdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5370\u5c3c\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d44\u91d1\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u662f\u53d6\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002[23]<\/a>[24]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5370\u5c3c\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8<\/a>\u57282016\u5e741\u6708\u9881\u53d1\u96c5\u4e07\u9ad8\u94c1\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\uff0c[25]<\/a>\u6574\u6761\u8def\u7ebf\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u8f66\u7ad9 – \u54c8\u6797\u9ad8\u94c1\u7ad9<\/a>\uff08\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u7aef\uff09\u3001\u52a0\u62c9\u65fa\u9ad8\u94c1\u7ad9<\/a>\u3001\u5e15\u8fbe\u62c9\u5eca\u9ad8\u94c1\u7ad9<\/a>\u548c\u5fb7\u52a0\u5362\u4e9a\u5c14\u9ad8\u94c1\u7ad9<\/a> \uff08\u4e07\u9686\u7aef\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5fb7\u52a0\u5362\u4e9a\u5c14\u7ad9\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u8d23\u673a\u8f66\u7ef4\u4fee\u4fdd\u517b\u4e4b\u7528\u7684\u673a\u5382\u3002[26]<\/a>\u8def\u7ebf\u4e2d\u670971.63\u516c\u91cc\u4e3a\u5730\u9762\u6bb5\uff0c53.54\u516c\u91cc\u4e3a\u9ad8\u67b6\u6bb5\uff0c15.63\u516c\u91cc\u5219\u4e3a\u5730\u4e0b\u6bb5\u3002[27]<\/a>\u5728\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u7aef\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5e02\u5185\u7684\u7518\u871c\u57d4\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9<\/a>[28]<\/a>\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u589e\u5efa\u7531\u7518\u871c\u57d4\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u5230\u54c8\u6797\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u4e88\u8003\u8651\u3002\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e8e2016\u5e74\u5f00\u5de5\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684\u5408\u7ea6\u4ece\u54c8\u6797\u7ad9\u51fa\u53d1\u5230\u7ec8\u70b9\u5fb7\u52a0\u5362\u4e9a\u5c14\u7ad9\u7684\u5efa\u9020\u603b\u6210\u672c\u4e3a51.35\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c[29]<\/a>\u540e\u56e0\u8d85\u652f\u95ee\u9898\u57282023\u5e74\u603b\u989d\u5df2\u8fbe73\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002[30]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8def\u7ebf\u7ecf\u8425\u7279\u8bb8\u6743\u671f\u9650\u4e3a\u81ea2019\u5e745\u670831\u65e5\u8d7750\u5e74\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6297\u529b<\/a>\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u5f97\u5ef6\u957f\u3002[31]<\/a>\u7834\u571f\u5178\u793c\u57282016\u5e741\u670821\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7531\u5370\u5c3c\u8d22\u56e2\u5360\u80a160%\u548c\u4e2d\u65b9\u7684\u4e2d\u94c1\u56fd\u9645\u96c6\u56e2<\/a>\u5360\u80a140%\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u5370\u5c3c\u56fd\u94c1<\/a>\u53c8\u5360\u5370\u65b9\u80a1\u6743\u768451.37%\u6743\u76ca\u3002[32]<\/a>\u4e2d\u65b9\u83b7\u9009\u7684\u63d0\u6848\u5bf9\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u662f\u9884\u5b9a\u57282019\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c[33]<\/a>\u800c\u65e5\u672c\u65b9\u672a\u88ab\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u63d0\u6848\u5219\u9884\u8ba12018\u5e74\u5f00\u5de5\uff0c\u57282023\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\u3002[34]<\/a>[35]<\/a>\u800c\u4e07\u9686-\u6cd7\u6c34\u8def\u6bb5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e24\u5730\u95f4\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u4ea4\u901a\u58c5\u585e\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u66fe\u88ab\u5217\u4e3a\u4f18\u5148\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u9884\u7b97\u95ee\u9898\u57282015\u5e74\u542f\u52a8\u7ade\u6807\u524d\u5c31\u6b63\u5f0f\u88ab\u6401\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2016\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u5e03\u6709\u610f\u5728\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe<\/a>\u548c\u6cd7\u6c34<\/a>\u4e4b\u95f4\u518d\u65b0\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u6761\u957f\u8fbe600\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u94c1\u8def<\/a>\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5e76\u672a\u91c7\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u89c4\u683c\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u6210\u672c\u5c06\u4f4e\u4e8e\u96c5\u4e07\u9ad8\u94c1\uff0c\u4e14\u5b98\u65b9\u5df2\u6709\u610f\u9080\u8bf7\u65e5\u672c<\/a>\u53c2\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bbe[36]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2023\u5e744\u6708\u5370\u5c3c\u5b98\u65b9\u53d1\u8868\u96c5\u4e07\u9ad8\u94c1\u9884\u8ba1\u4e8e\u540c\u5e748\u6708\u901a\u8f66\uff0c[37]<\/a>\u540e\u518d\u6539\u8ba2\u4e8e9\u6708\u5f00\u653e\u514d\u8d39\u8bd5\u4e58\uff0c10\u6708\u540e\u5c06\u6b63\u5f0f\u8425\u8fd0\u3002[38]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
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\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\n

\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1a\u62df\u8bae\u7684\u722a\u54c7\u5c9b<\/a>\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def<\/a>\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\uff08\u96c5\u4e07\u9ad8\u94c1\u4e3a\u7ea2\u7c97\u5b9e\u7ebf\u8def\u6bb5\uff09<\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aGunawan Kartapranata<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u65e5\u65b9\u63d0\u6848 | Japan’s proposal<\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"\/
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 3.0\u534f\u8bae<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1a\u65e5\u672c\u63d0\u6848\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u65b0\u5e72\u7ebfE5\u7cfb\/H5\u7cfb\u7535\u8054\u8f66<\/a><\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aRsa<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u65e5\u672c\u81ea2008\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u5373\u6301\u7eed\u915d\u917f\u51fa\u53e3\u65b0\u5e72\u7ebf<\/a>\u9ad8\u94c1\u6280\u672f\u5230\u5370\u5c3c\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u57282008\u5e7411\u6708\u7684\u5370\u5c3c-\u65e5\u672c\u53cb\u8c0a\u5e86\u5178\u671f\u95f4\u5c55\u793a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65b0\u5e72\u7ebf\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u7ed9\u4e88\u5370\u5c3c\u53c2\u4f1a\u8005\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002[39]<\/a>JICA\u4e3a\u5370\u5c3c\u722a\u54c7\u5c9b\u89c4\u5212\u9ad8\u94c1\uff0c\u8f85\u4ee5\u4f18\u60e0\u5229\u7387\u8d37\u6b3e\u7684\u6784\u60f3\uff0c\u628a\u4ece\u9996\u90fd\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u5230\u6cd7\u6c34\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u7a20\u5bc6\u5730\u5e26\u4e32\u8fde\u8d77\u6765\uff08730\u516c\u91cc\uff09\u3002[22]<\/a>[40]<\/a>\u722a\u54c7\u5c9b\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u8d27\u7269\u548c\u65c5\u5ba2\u8fd0\u8f93\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u62e5\u585e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u672c\u5dde<\/a>\u5728\u9ad8\u94c1\u5174\u5efa\u4e4b\u524d\u60c5\u51b5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002[41]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u60f3\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5374\u51fa\u73b0\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u5148\u7740\u624b\u5efa\u8bbe\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u5230\u4e07\u9686\u95f4\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u3002\u5efa\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f80\u76843\u5c0f\u65f6\u706b\u8f66\u884c\u7a0b\u5c06\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u4e3a35\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u5174\u5efa\u6210\u672c\u4e3a78\u5146\u5370\u5c3c\u76fe<\/a>\uff0878 trillion rupiah<\/a>\uff09\u3002JICA\u4e8e2014\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57282012\u5e74\u6240\u505a\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u800c\u57282013\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5c3c\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u59cb\u6269\u5145\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u3002\u9ad8\u94c1\u8d70\u5eca\u7684\u6848\u5b50\u867d\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u672a\u91c7\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u800c\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u57282014\u5e74\u6362\u5c4a\uff0c\u4f50\u79d1\u00b7\u7ef4\u591a\u591a<\/a>\u4e8e\u5f53\u5e7410\u6708\u5ba3\u8a93\u5c31\u4efb\u603b\u7edf\u3002\u800c\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\u57282015\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u628a\u9ad8\u94c1\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7b79\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u6240\u6301\u7684\u7406\u7531\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6210\u672c\u592a\u9ad8\uff0c\u722a\u54c7\u5c9b\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u504f\u8fdc\u53ca\u843d\u540e\u5c9b\u5c7f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6709\u66f4\u4e3a\u6025\u8feb\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u9ad8\u94c1\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u4f3c\u4e4e\u65e0\u4eba\u80fd\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u57282015\u5e744\u6708\u4ee5\u65b0\u63d0\u6848\u52a0\u5165\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u8ba9\u5f62\u52bf\u6539\u89c2\u3002[42]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f50\u79d1\u00b7\u7ef4\u591a\u591a\u4ee5\u5370\u5c3c\u603b\u7edf\u8eab\u4efd\u57282015\u5e743\u6708\u524d\u5f80\u4e1c\u4eac\u548c\u5317\u4eac\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002 \u4ed6\u57283\u670822\u65e5\u81f325\u65e5\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u505c\u7559\uff0c\u4f1a\u89c1\u65e5\u672c\u9996\u76f8<\/a>\u5b89\u500d\u664b\u4e09<\/a>\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u65e5\u672c\u8d37\u6b3e\u652f\u6301\u6539\u5584\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u5730\u94c1<\/a>\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u96c5\u4e07\u9ad8\u94c1\u9879\u76ee\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u5e76\u672a\u6709\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002[19]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2 \u4e2d\u56fd\u6295\u6807 | China’s bid<\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"\/
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\n

\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e2d\u65b9\u63d0\u6848\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u590d\u5174\u53f7\u7535\u529b\u52a8\u8f66\u7ec4\uff08CR400AF\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aN509FZ<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

2015\u5e743\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u4f50\u79d1\u00b7\u7ef4\u591a\u591a<\/a>\u62b5\u8fbe\u5317\u4eac\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4f1a\u89c1\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u517c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73<\/a>\u3002\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u516c\u5f00\u5ba3\u5e03\u652f\u6301\u5370\u5c3c\u9ad8\u94c1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4e24\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e00\u4efd\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u8868\u8fbe\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u96c5\u4e07\u9ad8\u94c1\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002[19]<\/a>\u4e2d\u56fd\u57282015\u5e744\u6708\u63d0\u6848\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u7ade\u6807\uff0c[23]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2015\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u5e03\u5efa\u8bbe\u8fde\u63a5\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u548c\u4e07\u9686\u7684\u9ad8\u94c1\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5e76\u5b89\u6392\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5382\u5546\u5171\u540c\u7ade\u4e89\u3002[18]<\/a>\u4e2d\u56fd\u9488\u5bf9\u5370\u5c3c\u7684\u9080\u8bf7\uff0c\u4e8e2015\u5e748\u6708\u5728\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbeSenayan City\u8d2d\u7269\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/a>\u4e3e\u529e\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u94c1\u6280\u672f\u5c55\u89c8\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u4e89\u53d6\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002[18]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u65e5\u53cc\u65b9\u900f\u8fc7\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u6e38\u8bf4\u79ef\u6781\u4e89\u53d6\u3002\u636e\u8bf4[\u6765\u6e90\u8bf7\u6c42]\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c55\u73b0\u5f3a\u70c8\u79ef\u6781\u6027\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u8f83\u91cf\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e9a\u6d32\u5f3a\u56fd\u5728\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a<\/a>\u53d6\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u6218\u7565\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u5927\u5e03\u5c40\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u800c\u5df2\u3002[43]<\/a>[44]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3 \u4e34\u65f6\u53d6\u6d88 | Short cancellation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u6765\u9884\u8ba1\u5370\u5c3c\u603b\u7edf\u5c06\u4e8e2015\u5e749\u6708\u4e0a\u65ec\u5ba3\u5e03\u4f55\u56fd\u593a\u5f97\u5370\u5c3c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u94c1\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6807\u6848\u3002\u4f46\u4ee4\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u662f\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u57282015\u5e749\u67083\u65e5\u5ba3\u5e03\u53d6\u6d88\u9ad8\u94c1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u7406\u7531\u662f\u8be5\u56fd\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u6162\u3001\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002[45]<\/a>\u636e\u8bf4\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u8f6c\u800c\u8003\u8651\u6b21\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u7cfb\u7edf<\/a>\u3002[46]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f50\u79d1\u00b7\u7ef4\u591a\u591a\u603b\u7edf\u504f\u5411\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a<\/a>\u201d\uff08\u800c\u975e\u201c\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u653f\u5e9c\u201d\u7684\u5174\u5efa\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3002[19]<\/a>\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u613f\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u63d0\u4f9b\u90e8\u5206\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d22\u52a1\u62c5\u4fdd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.4 \u593a\u6807\u8005 | Winner of bid<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

2015\u5e749\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u627f\u62c5\u4efb\u4f55\u8d22\u653f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u503a\u52a1\u62c5\u4fdd\u3002[47]<\/a>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u6708\u7684\u7ade\u6807\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u53ca\u4e09\u56fd\u5143\u9996\u95f4\u7684\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9014\u4e2d\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u77ed\u6682\u906d\u5230\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u5370\u5c3c\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u5f53\u5e749\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\u56fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ef7\u503c50\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002[35]<\/a>\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u6709\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u7684\u878d\u8d44\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u8ba9\u5317\u4eac\u653f\u5e9c\u8131\u9896\u800c\u51fa\u3002[24]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5185\u9601\u5b98\u623f\u957f\u5b98<\/a>\u83c5\u4e49\u4f1f<\/a>\u79f0\u5370\u5c3c\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f97\u6807\u7684\u4e3e\u52a8\u201c\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6781\u4e3a\u9057\u61be\u201d\u3002[42]<\/a>\u83c5\u4e49\u4f1f\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u201c\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u6781\u5ea6\u4ee4\u4eba\u611f\u53f9\u201d\u3002[47]<\/a>\u636e\u5370\u5c3c\u56fd\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u90e8<\/a>\u90e8\u957f\u4e3d\u59ae\u00b7\u82cf\u9a6c\u5c14\u8bfa<\/a>\u79f0\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6295\u6807\u4e4b\u4f1a\u96c0\u5c4f\u4e2d\u9009\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e76\u672a\u8981\u6c42\u5370\u5c3c\u653f\u5e9c\u53c2\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u878d\u8d44\uff0c\u6216\u63d0\u4f9b\u62c5\u4fdd\u3002[48]<\/a>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u6b64\u6b21\u7ade\u6807\u4e2d\u5f97\u80dc\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e3b\u8981\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u53ca\u6216\u8bb8\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u53d1\u63f4\u52a9<\/a>\u89c4\u8303\u65b9\u9762\u8fd0\u7528\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u800c\u65e5\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4e0d\u613f\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002[19]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u66f4\u52a0\u7801\u8fd0\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f3a\u5316\u8fd9\u9879\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u627f\u8bfa\u4e0e\u5370\u5c3c\u516c\u53f8\u5efa\u7acb\u5408\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u3001\u7535\u6c14\u5316\u94c1\u8def\u548c\u8f7b\u8f68\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u8f66\u8f66\u8f86\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ea\u4e3a\u5370\u5c3c\u4e00\u56fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u8981\u4ece\u5370\u5c3c\u51fa\u53e3\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u4e9a\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u505a\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8f6c\u8ba9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ffb\u65b0\u548c\u91cd\u5efa\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u3002\u770b\u6765\u5370\u5c3c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ece\u4e2d\u65e5\u4e24\u56fd\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\u4e0d\u5c11\u3002[19]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.5 \u4e89\u8bae<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

2016\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u4e94\u540d\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u94c1\u9879\u76ee\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u54c8\u5229\u59c6\u00b7\u73c0\u8fbe\u7eb3\u5e93\u82cf\u9a6c\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a<\/a>\u65c1\u7684\u7a7a\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u906d\u5230\u902e\u6355\u3002 [49]<\/a>\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7a81\u663e\u5370\u5c3c\u7a7a\u519b\u62d2\u7edd\u653e\u5f03\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e1c\u96c5\u52a0\u8fbe\u884c\u653f\u5e02<\/a>\u7684\u54c8\u5229\u59c6\u00b7\u73c0\u8fbe\u7eb3\u5e93\u82cf\u9a6c\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a<\/a>\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u636e\u62a5\u5bfc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u94c1\u8f66\u7ad9\u5c06\u8bbe\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u54c8\u5229\u59c6\u7a7a\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u5185\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u3002[50]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2018\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6f2b\u753b\u5bb6Onan Hiroshi\u4ee5\u6f2b\u753b\u5f62\u5f0f\u628a\u5370\u5c3c\u603b\u7edf\u4f50\u79d1\u00b7\u7ef4\u591a\u591a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u9ad8\u94c1\u4e5e\u4e10\u201d\uff0c[51]<\/a>\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u5370\u5c3c\u66fe\u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u672c\u534f\u52a9\u5b8c\u6210\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4f5c\u54c1\u5f88\u5feb\u5f15\u8d77\u5370\u5c3c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51<\/a>\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u52302\u670825\u65e5\uff0cOnan Hiroshi\u5728Twitter<\/a>\u53d1\u6587\u9053\u6b49\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6f2b\u753b\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u9875\u9762\u3002[52]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2023\u5e745\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u5229\u7528\u843d\u5730\u7b7e\u5165\u5883\u5370\u5c3c\u7684\u4e2d\u94c1\u5b9d\u6865\u96c6\u56e2<\/a>\u67f4\u59d3\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u56e0\u88ab\u6c11\u4f17\u4e3e\u62a5\u89c6\u5bdf\u94c1\u8def\u9879\u76ee\u5efa\u8bbe\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6d89\u5acc\u8fdd\u53cd\u79fb\u6c11\u6cd5\u89c4\u975e\u6cd5\u52a1\u5de5\uff0c\u88ab\u6960\u699c<\/a>\u79fb\u6c11\u5b98\u5458\u4ee5\u8fdd\u53cd\u843d\u5730\u7b7e\u89c4\u5219<\/a>\u902e\u6355\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u88ab\u9063\u8fd4\u56de\u56fd[53]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u636e\u5370\u5c3c\u73af\u5883\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\uff08WALHI\uff09\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c2019\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u5efa\u9020\u9ad8\u94c1\u96a7\u9053\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7528\u7206\u7834\u65b9\u5f0f\u65bd\u5de5\uff0c\u5df2\u9646\u7eed\u9020\u6210\u5171113\u95f4\u6c11\u5b85\u635f\u6bc1\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6c11\u5b85\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5c71\u5761\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u591a\u6b21\u6295\u8bc9\u627f\u5305\u5546\u53ca\u5370\u5c3c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u94c1\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5374\u90fd\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u9762\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u4efb\u4f55\u8d54\u507f\u3002[54]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u9ad8\u94c1\u4e00\u671f | High-Speed Rail Phase I<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

2.1 \u8f66\u7ad9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u521d\u76844\u4e2a\u8f66\u7ad9[55]<\/a>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n