{"id":1973,"date":"2023-11-27T12:23:18","date_gmt":"2023-11-27T04:23:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=1973"},"modified":"2025-01-31T14:22:22","modified_gmt":"2025-01-31T06:22:22","slug":"chiang-mai-fulltext-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2023\/11\/27\/chiang-mai-fulltext-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6e05\u8fc8 \/ Chiang Mai – \uff08\u5168\u6587\uff09\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u6574\u5408\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u3002\u4e0e\u539f\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC-BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587<\/strong>\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587<\/strong>\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002
\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>\u3002
\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff08\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\uff09<\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002 \u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

0. \u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n
\u56fe0-1\u81f30-9\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

0.1 \u6982\u51b5\u8868\u683c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n

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\"\"
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u5c5e\u4e8e\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1aOfficial seal of Chiang Mai
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5b98\u65b9\u5370\u7ae0<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\uff081\uff09\u6982\u8ff0 \uff5c Overview<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Location within Earth\uff08\u5728\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09<\/th>Coordinates\uff08\u5750\u6807\uff09: 18\u00b047\u203243\u2033N 98\u00b059\u203255\u2033E<\/td><\/tr>
Elevation\uff08\u6d77\u62d4\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff09<\/th>310 m (1,020 ft)<\/td><\/tr>
Country\uff08\u56fd\u5bb6\uff09<\/th>Thailand\uff08\u6cf0\u56fd\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
Province\uff08\u7701\u4efd\uff09<\/th>Chiang Mai province\uff08\u6e05\u8fc8\u7701\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
Amphoe\uff08\u5e02\u7ea7\u5355\u4f4d\uff09<\/th>Mueang Chiang Mai<\/td><\/tr>
Districts\uff08\u5e02\u8f96\u533a\uff09<\/th>4
Nakornping District
Kawila District
Mengrai District
Sriwichai District<\/td><\/tr>
Time zone\uff08\u65f6\u533a\uff09<\/th>UTC+07:00 (ICT)\uff08\u4e1c\u4e03\u533a\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
Website\uff08\u7f51\u7ad9\uff09<\/th>cmcity.go.th<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"\/
\u6e05\u8fc8\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff081\uff09\u5730\u56fe\u6765\u81eaOpenStreetMap<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n
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\"\"\/
\u6e05\u8fc8\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff082\uff09\u5730\u56fe\u6765\u81eaOpenStreetMap<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\uff082\uff09\u653f\u5e9c<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u7c7b\u578b Type<\/th>City municipality<\/td><\/tr>
\u5e02\u957f Mayor<\/th>Atsani Puranupakorn<\/td><\/tr>
City municipality\uff08\u8bbe\u5e02\u65f6\u95f4\uff09<\/th>29 March 1935[1]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\uff083\uff09\u9762\u79ef \uff5c Area<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
City municipality\uff08\u5e02\u8f96\u533a\uff09<\/th>40.216 km2 (15.5274844 sq mi)<\/td><\/tr>
Urban\uff08\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\uff09<\/th>405 km2 (156.371 sq mi)<\/td><\/tr>
Rank\uff08\u6392\u540d\uff09<\/th>11th\uff08\u7b2c11\u4f4d\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\uff084\uff09\u4eba\u53e3\uff082019\u5e74\uff09 \uff5c Population\uff082019\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
City municipality\uff08\u5e02\u8f96\u533a\uff09<\/th>127,240(Municipal Area\uff08\u4ec5\u7ba1\u8f96\u533a\u57df\uff09)<\/td><\/tr>
Rank\uff08\u6392\u540d\uff09<\/th>8th\uff08\u7b2c8\u4f4d\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
Density\uff08\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff09<\/th>3,164\/km2 (8,190\/sq mi)<\/td><\/tr>
Urban (2022)\uff08\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\uff0c2022\u5e74\uff09<\/th>1,198,000 (Principal City Area\/\u0e40\u0e02\u0e15\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e07 \uff08\u4e3b\u57ce\u533a\uff09)<\/td><\/tr>
Urban density\uff08\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff09<\/th>2,958\/km2 (7,660\/sq mi)<\/td><\/tr>
Metro\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\u533a\uff09<\/th>(To be announced\uff08\u5c1a\u5f85\u53d1\u5e03\uff09)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\uff084\uff09\u4ea4\u901a\u548c\u901a\u8baf<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Postal code\uff08\u90ae\u653f\u7f16\u7801\uff09<\/th>50000<\/td><\/tr>
Calling code\uff08\u7535\u8bdd\u533a\u53f7\uff09<\/th>053 & 054<\/td><\/tr>
Airport\uff08\u673a\u573a\uff09<\/th>Chiang Mai International Airport\uff08\u6e05\u8fc8\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
Inter-city rail\uff08\u57ce\u9645\u94c1\u8def\uff09<\/th>Northern Line\uff08\u5317\u7ebf\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

0.2 \u6587\u5b57\u8bf4\u660e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02<\/strong>\uff08\u6cf0\u8bed\uff1a\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e1a\u0e32\u0e25\u0e19\u0e04\u0e23\u0e40\u0e0a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e43\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e48\uff0c\u7687\u5bb6\u8f6c\u5199<\/a>\uff1aThesaban nakhon Chiang Mai\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5316\uff1aj\u02b8ang h\u1d50a\u0330\u026f\u0330<\/em>\uff09\u662f\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e9c<\/a>\u7684\u9996\u5e9c\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e9c\u6cbb\u53bf<\/a>\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6cf0\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u4eba\u53e3\u7ea6120 \u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u662f\u6cf0\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u867d\u7136\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\u533a\u5185\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u53ea\u670925\u4e07\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6cf0\u5317\u4e0e\u90bb\u8fd1\u536b\u661f\u57ce\u9547\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u8fc8\u90fd\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u5708\uff0c\u8be5\u90fd\u4f1a\u533a\u6709 120 \u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u4e86\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e9c\u4e00\u534a\u4eba\u53e3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6e05\u8fc8\u662f\u6cf0\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5386\u53f2<\/a>\u6587\u5316\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6cf0\u5317<\/a>\u653f\u6cbb<\/a>\u7ecf\u6d4e<\/a>\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u4e3a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e9c<\/a>\u9996\u5e9c\uff0c\u57281296\u5e74\u81f31768\u5e74\u95f4\u4e3a\u5170\u7eb3<\/a>\u738b\u56fd\u9996\u90fd\uff0c\u5170\u7eb3\u738b\u56fd\u5176\u540e\u4e8e1774-1939\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u6e05\u8fc8\u738b\u56fd<\/a>\u7684\u671d\u8d21\u56fd<\/a>\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u8ddd\u79bb\u66fc\u8c37<\/a>700\u5343\u7c73\uff0c\u501a\u9760\u7740\u6cf0\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5c71\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u5728\u5e73\u6cb3<\/a>\u7684\u6d41\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e73\u6cb3\u662f\u662d\u62cd\u8036\u6cb3<\/a>\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u652f\u6d41\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u5728\u6cf0\u8bed<\/a>\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u65b0\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5728\u5170\u7eb3\u738b\u56fd1296\u5e74\u8ba2\u5b9a\u9996\u90fd\u65f6\u6240\u53d6\u7684\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u6e05\u83b1<\/a>\u6210\u4e3a\u5170\u7eb3<\/a>\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The city (thesaban nakhon<\/em>,“city municipality”<\/a>) of Chiang Mai officially only covers most parts (40,2 km\u00b2) of the Mueang Chiang Mai district<\/a> in the city centre and has a population of 127,000[citation needed<\/a><\/em>]. This census area dates back to 1983 when Chiang Mai’s municipal area was enlarged for the first and last time since becoming the first City Municipality in Thailand (then under Siam<\/a>) in 1935. The city’s sprawl has since extended into several neighboring districts, from Hang Dong<\/a> in the south, to Mae Rim<\/a> in the north, and Suthep<\/a> in the west, to San Kamphaeng<\/a> in the east, forming the Chiang Mai urban area<\/a> with over a million residents.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02(thesaban nakhon,”\u57ce\u5e02\u5e02\u653f”)\u4ec5\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684Mueang Chiang Mai\u533a\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a(40.2\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc),\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a127,000\u4eba[\u5f15\u7528\u9700\u8981]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u53e3\u666e\u67e5\u533a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52301983\u5e74\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6e05\u8fc8\u7684\u5e02\u653f\u533a\u57df\u81ea1935\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u6cf0\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u81ea\u6cbb\u5e02\u4ee5\u6765\u9996\u6b21\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u6269\u5927\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u5e02\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u5df2\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u90bb\u8fd1\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4ece\u5357\u90e8\u7684Hang Dong\u5230\u5317\u90e8\u7684Mae Rim,\u518d\u5230\u897f\u90e8\u7684Suthep,\u518d\u5230\u4e1c\u90e8\u7684San Kamphaeng,\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u62e5\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6e05\u8fc8\u57282006\u5e74\u4e1c\u76df<\/a>\u52a0\u4e09\u4e8e\u6e05\u8fc8\u7b7e\u8ba2\u6e05\u8fc8\u534f\u5b9a<\/a>\u65f6\u5f97\u5230\u663e\u8457\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u540c\u65f6\u662f2020\u5e74\u6cf0\u56fd\u5927\u57ce\u5e9c\u4e16\u754c\u535a\u89c8\u4f1a<\/a>\u5c55\u573a\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u88ab\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u521b<\/a>\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u7533\u8bf7\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/a>\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u521b\u610f\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u4e5f\u662f\u65c5\u6e38\u80dc\u5730\uff0c\u66fe\u88ab\u65c5\u6e38\u6742\u5fd7TripAdvisor<\/a>\u7968\u9009\u4e3a2014\u5e74\u4e16\u754c25\u5927\u6700\u4f73\u65c5\u6e38\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u9009\u4e3a\u7b2c24\u540d\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6e05\u8fc8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5e73\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3b\u8981\u8d38\u6613<\/a>\u67a2\u7ebd\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u5386\u53f2\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6e05\u8fc8\u88ab\u4e0b\u8bbe\u56db\u4e2a\u884c\u653f\u533a\u3001\u6d1b\u5e73<\/a>\u3001\u5ba4\u5229\u4f5b\u901d<\/a>\u3001\u66fc\u683c\u83b1<\/a>\u548c\u5361\u5a01\u62c9<\/a>\u3002\u524d\u4e09\u4e2a\u884c\u653f\u533a<\/a>\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5e73\u6cb3\u897f\u5cb8\uff0c\u5361\u5a01\u62c9\u5219\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e1c\u5cb8\u3002\u800c\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5ba4\u5229\u4f5b\u901d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5386\u53f2 \uff5c History<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u5c5e\u4e8e\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a”Chiang Mai” in\u00a0Thai language<\/a>(top) and\u00a0Northern Thai\u00a0<\/a>with\u00a0Tai Tham script<\/a>(bottom)
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6cf0\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684”\u6e05\u8fc8”(\u9876\u90e8)\u548c\u5317\u90e8\u6cf0\u8bed\u7684\u6cf0\u6cf0\u6587(\u5e95\u90e8)<\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aAutoisme<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Historical affiliations\uff08\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\uff09<\/strong>
Kingdom of Ngoenyang<\/a> 638\u20131292<\/a>Kingdom of Ngoenyang 638\u20131292<\/a> \uff08\u6069\u6768\u738b\u56fd 638\u20131292<\/a>\uff09
Kingdom of Lanna<\/a> 1292-1775 \uff08\u5170\u7eb3\u738b\u56fd 1292-1775\uff09
Kingdom of Chiang Mai<\/a> 1775-1899 \uff08\u6e05\u8fc8\u738b\u56fd 1775-1899 \u5e74\uff09
Kingdom of Siam<\/a> 1899-1946 \uff08\u66b9\u7f57\u738b\u56fd 1899-1946\uff09
Kingdom of Thailand<\/a> 1946-present \uff08\u6cf0\u738b\u56fd 1946 \u5e74\u81f3\u4eca\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u4e3a\u7f57\u6da1\u4eba\u57ce\u9547\u90a3\u5a46\u8865\u7f57\u9547<\/strong>\u6216\u6e0a\u8bfa\u5e15\u6b66\u91cc<\/strong>\uff08\u8f6c\u5199\u4e3a\u6cf0\u8bed\uff1a\u0e40\u0e27\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e19\u0e1e\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e23\u0e35\uff0c\u8f6c\u5199<\/a>\uff1awyi\u02d0eng nabaqpuri\u02d0\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1296\u5e74[1]<\/a><\/sup>\u7531\u5b5f\u83b1\u738b<\/strong>\uff08\u5b5f\u83b1\u738b<\/a>\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u662f\u897f\u53cc\u7248\u7eb3<\/a>\u666f\u6d2a<\/a>\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u5973\u513f\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u662f\u6e05\u76db\u4e00\u5e26\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u3002\u5b5f\u83b1\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6e05\u83b1<\/a>\u548c\u6e05\u8fc8\u4e24\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u5170\u7eb3<\/a>\u548c\u897f\u53cc\u7248\u7eb3<\/a>\u50a3\u65cf<\/a>\u4eba\u6c11\u6297\u51fb\u8499\u53e4<\/a>\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\uff0c\u4f7f\u5170\u7eb3<\/a>\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9ad8\u5cf0\u3002\u50a3\u65cf<\/a>\u540e\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e86\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4ed6\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u90e8\u6cd5\u5178\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u5b5f\u83b1\u6cd5\u5178\u201d\uff0c\u6d41\u4f20\u4e8e\u6cf0\u56fd<\/a>\u5317\u90e8\u548c\u897f\u53cc\u7248\u7eb3<\/a>\u3002\uff09\u4ece\u6e05\u83b1<\/a>\u8fc1\u81f3\u8be5\u5730\uff0c\u8d77\u4e86\u57ce\u5899\u4e0e\u62a4\u57ce\u6cb3\uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u5730\u5efa\u8bbe\u6210\u5170\u7eb3\u6cf0\u738b\u56fd<\/a>\uff08\u4e2d\u6587\u53f2\u6599\u79f0\u5170\u7eb3\u6cf0\u738b\u56fd\u4e3a\u201c\u516b\u767e\u5ab3\u5987\u56fd\u201d\uff09\u7684\u9996\u90fd<\/a>\u632a\u5a46\u90e8\u91cc\u5ba4\u5229\u90a3\u7aed\u7f57\u51ed\u4f3d\u666f\u4e70<\/strong>\uff08\u8001\u50a3\u6587<\/a>\uff1an\u1dadab\u1d47aqpuri\u02d0 sri\u02d0 nag\u1d5aar(a) bingg\u0336a\u0336 j\u02b8ang h\u1d50a\u0330\u026f\u0330\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The ruler was known as the chao<\/a><\/em>. The city was surrounded by a moat<\/a> and a defensive wall<\/a>since nearby Taungoo Dynasty<\/a> of the Bamar people<\/a> was a constant threat, as were the armies of the Mongol Empire<\/a>, which decades earlier had conquered most of Yunnan<\/a>, China, and in 1292 overran the bordering Dai<\/a> kingdom of Chiang Hung<\/a>.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3achao \u3002\u8fd9\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u88ab\u62a4\u57ce\u6cb3\u548c\u9632\u5fa1\u5899\u5305\u56f4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5df4\u9a6c\u4eba\u7684\u4e1c\u56fa\u738b\u671d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u8499\u53e4\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u519b\u961f\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e91\u5357\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u57281292\u5e74\u8d8a\u8fc7\u8fb9\u754c\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u6c5f\u6d2a\u7684\u50a3\u65cf\u738b\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

14\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5170\u7eb3\u6cf0\u738b\u56fd\u53d7\u4f5b\u6559<\/a>\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5728\u6e05\u8fc8\u5efa\u7acb\u5f88\u591a\u4f5b\u5bfa\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u4f5b\u6559\u5723\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1477\u5e74\u5170\u7eb3\u6cf0\u7684\u63d0\u6d1b\u5361\u62c9\u738b<\/strong>\u5728\u67f4\u8fea\u9686\u5bfa\u4e3e\u884c\u7b2c8\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u4f5b\u6559<\/a>\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1564\u5e74\u8d77\u88ab\u7f05\u7538<\/a>\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1774\u5e74\u541e\u6b66\u91cc\u738b\u671d<\/a>\u56fd\u738b\u90d1\u662d<\/a>\u4ece\u7f05\u7538\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u518d\u5ea6\u593a\u56de\u6e05\u8fc8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

With the decline of Lan Na<\/a>, the city lost importance and was occupied by the Taungoo in 1556.[13]<\/a>[failed verification<\/a><\/em>] Chiang Mai formally became part of the Thonburi Kingdom<\/a> in 1774 by an agreement with Chao Kavila<\/a>, after the Thonburi king Taksin<\/a> helped drive out the Taungoo Bamar. Subsequent Taungoo counterattack led to Chiang Mai’s abandonment between 1776 and 1791.[14]<\/a> Lampang<\/a> then served as the capital of what remained of Lan Na<\/a>. Chiang Mai then slowly grew in cultural, trading, and economic importance to its current status as the unofficial capital of Northern Thailand.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u968f\u7740\u5170\u7eb3\u7684\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1556\u5e74\u88ab\u4e1c\u56fa\u5360\u9886\u3002[13][\u672a\u80fd\u9a8c\u8bc1] 1774\u5e74\uff0c\u5728Thonburi\u56fd\u738bTaksin\u5e2e\u52a9\u9a71\u9010\u4e86\u4e1c\u56fa\u5df4\u9a6c\u540e\uff0c\u6e05\u8fc8\u4e0eChao Kavila\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u541e\u6b66\u91cc\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u968f\u540e\u7684\u4e1c\u56fa\u53cd\u51fb\u5bfc\u81f4\u6e05\u8fc8\u57281776\u5e74\u81f31791\u5e74\u95f4\u88ab\u653e\u5f03\u3002[14]\u7136\u540e\uff0cLampang\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5170\u7eb3\u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u968f\u540e\u9010\u6e10\u5728\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\u58ee\u5927\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6cf0\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u9996\u90fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u62c9\u739b\u4e94\u4e16<\/a>\u5c31\u4efb\u66b9\u7f57<\/a>\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u64a4\u9500\u85e9\u738b\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c06\u6e05\u8fc8\u5730\u533a\u7f6e\u5e9c\uff08\u7701\uff09\uff0c\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\u6210\u4e3a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e9c\u7684\u9996\u5e9c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chiang Mai has improved its government and raised its status as a “province” since 1933 until the present.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u81ea1933\u5e74\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u6e05\u8fc8\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5e76\u88ab\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u7701\u201d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The modern municipality dates to a sanitary district (sukhaphiban<\/a><\/em>) that was created in 1915. It was upgraded to a city municipality (thesaban nakhon<\/a><\/em>) on 29 March 1935.[15]<\/a> First covering just 17.5 km2 (7 sq mi), the city was enlarged to 40.2 km2 (16 sq mi) on 5 April 1983.[16]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e02\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52301915\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u536b\u751f\u533a\uff08sukhaphiban\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u4e8e1935\u5e743\u670829\u65e5\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u5e02\u81ea\u6cbb\u5e02\uff08thesaban nakhon\uff09\u3002[15]\u6700\u521d\u53ea\u8986\u76d6\u4e8617.5\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff087\u5e73\u65b9\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u5e02\u4e8e1983\u5e744\u67085\u65e5\u6269\u5927\u523040.2\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0816\u5e73\u65b9\u82f1\u91cc\uff09\u3002[16]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u6e05\u8fc8\u6e10\u6e10\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u6cf0\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u91cd\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In May 2006 Chiang Mai was the site of the Chiang Mai Initiative<\/a>, concluded between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations<\/a> and the “ASEAN+3” countries, (China<\/a>, Japan<\/a>, and South Korea<\/a>). Chiang Mai was one of three Thai cities contending for Thailand’s bid to host the World Expo 2020<\/a>.[17]<\/a> Ayutthaya was ultimately chosen by the Thai Parliament to register for the international competition.[18]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2006\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u6e05\u8fc8\u662f\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8054\u76df\u548c”\u4e1c\u76df+3″\u56fd\u5bb6(\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u97e9\u56fd)\u4e4b\u95f4\u7f14\u7ed3\u7684\u300a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5021\u8bae\u300b\u7684\u6240\u5728\u5730\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u662f\u6cf0\u56fd\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ade\u6807\u4e3b\u529e2020\u5e74\u4e16\u754c\u535a\u89c8\u4f1a\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002[17]\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u6cf0\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u963f\u80b2\u4ed6\u8036\u53c2\u52a0\u56fd\u9645\u7ade\u4e89\u3002[18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In early December 2017, Chiang Mai was awarded the UNESCO title of Creative City. In 2015, Chiang Mai was on the tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage inscription. Chiang Mai was one of two tourist destinations in Thailand<\/a> on TripAdvisor<\/a>‘s 2014 list of “25 Best Destinations in the World,” where it stands at number 24.[19]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2017\u5e7412\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u6e05\u8fc8\u88ab\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6388\u4e88\u521b\u610f\u57ce\u5e02\u79f0\u53f7\u30022015\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u8fc8\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e16\u754c\u9057\u4ea7\u6682\u5b9a\u540d\u5355\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u662fTripAdvisor 2014\u5e74\u201c\u5168\u740325\u4e2a\u6700\u4f73\u65c5\u6e38\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u201d\u4e2d\u6cf0\u56fd\u4e24\u4e2a\u65c5\u6e38\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6392\u540d\u7b2c24\u4f4d\u3002[19]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

“…Chiang Mai represents the prime diamond on the crown of Thailand, the crown cannot be sparkle and beauteous without the diamond…”
\u2014\u200aKing Rama V, 12 August 1883
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a”\u6e05\u8fc8\u662f\u6cf0\u56fd\u7687\u51a0\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u9897\u4e3b\u8981\u94bb\u77f3\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u9897\u94bb\u77f3\uff0c\u7687\u51a0\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u95ea\u8000\u7f8e\u4e3d…”<\/p>\n\u2014\u200a\u56fd\u738b\u62c9\u739b\u4e94\u4e16\uff0c1883\u5e748\u670812\u65e5<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u6cf0\u56fd<\/a>\u6e05\u8fc8\u57ce\u3001\u8001\u631d<\/a>\u7405\u52c3\u62c9\u90a6<\/a>\u57ce\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd<\/a>\u666f\u6d2a<\/a>\u57ce\u548c\u7f05\u7538<\/a>\u666f\u680b<\/a>\u57ce\u5e76\u79f0\u5170\u7eb3<\/a>\u738b\u56fd\u56db\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u6d41\u53d8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u5c5e\u4e8e\u56db\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4f46\u81f3\u4eca\u8fd9\u56db\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u65b9\u8a00<\/a>\u5dee\u5f02\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u4eba\u53e3 \uff5c Population<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Further information:<\/em> List of municipalities in Thailand <\/a>\uff08\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u6cf0\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5217\u8868\uff09<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ever since the municipal city area was enlarged to 40,2 km\u00b2 in 1983, no changes or updates have been made to it, even with the population increasing substantially in the years after.[16]<\/a> In 1983, Chiang Mai’s urban area, with a population of 127,000, already exceeded the municipal city limits, and has grown to over one million people in 2022.[3]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u81ea1983\u5e74\u5e02\u653f\u57ce\u5e02\u9762\u79ef\u6269\u5927\u523040.2\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4eba\u53e3\u5728\u968f\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u5e02\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u3002[16] 1983\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u8fc8\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u57df\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a12.7\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5e02\u653f\u57ce\u5e02\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u52302022\u5e74\u5df2\u7ecf\u589e\u957f\u5230\u8d85\u8fc7100\u4e07\u4eba\u3002[3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chiang Mai Municipality has now become a small part of the current city-scape, making up only most parts of the capital district Amphoe Mueang Chiang Mai<\/a> in the inner city. To reflect the city’s growth beyond the municipal borders, official government documents by the Chiang Mai Provincial Administrative Organization<\/a> and the Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning<\/a> – published in the Royal Thai Government Gazette<\/a> – regularly update and outline the current city boundaries. The first revision of such a updated urban area (Thai<\/a>: \u0e40\u0e02\u0e15\u0e40\u0e21\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e07) was published in 1989, with the second one following in 1999. The third revision from 2012 expands the old municipal city border inside Muaeng Chiang Mai district<\/a> to Mae Rim<\/a> in the north, San Kamphaeng<\/a> and Doi Saket<\/a> in the east, Hang Dong<\/a>and Saraphi<\/a> in the south, and Suthep<\/a> in the west.[20]<\/a>[21]<\/a>[22]<\/a> This new extent, with a size of 405 km\u00b2, serves as Chiang Mai’s principal city border and urban<\/a> area.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u57ce\u5e02\u666f\u89c2\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ea\u5360\u5185\u57ce\u9996\u90fd\u533aAmphoe Mueang Chiang Mai\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u53cd\u6620\u57ce\u5e02\u5728\u5e02\u653f\u8fb9\u754c\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7531\u6e05\u8fc8\u7701\u884c\u653f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u516c\u5171\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u90e8\u95e8\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u5e76\u6982\u8ff0\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u53d1\u5e03\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u62a5\u4e0a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u8ba2\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u57df\u662f\u57281989\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u662f\u57281999\u5e74\u30022012\u5e74\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u4fee\u8ba2\u5c06\u65e7\u7684\u5e02\u653f\u57ce\u5e02\u8fb9\u754c\u4eceMuaeng Chiang Mai\u533a\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5317\u90e8\u7684Mae Rim\uff0c\u4e1c\u90e8\u7684San Kamphaeng\u548cDoi Saket\uff0c\u5357\u90e8\u7684Hang Dong\u548cSaraphi\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u897f\u90e8\u7684Suthep\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u9762\u79ef\u4e3a405\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u662f\u6e05\u8fc8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u8fb9\u754c\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The urban area has a combined population of 1,198,000 residents, making Chiang Mai the second largest city in Thailand after Bangkok<\/a> (10.7 million people) and twice as big as the third largest city Nakhon Ratchasima<\/a> (Estimate: 500,000 people).[3]<\/a>[4]<\/a> As neither the Department of Local Administration<\/strong> (DLA) nor the National Statistics Office<\/strong> (NSO) count expatriates, non-permanent residents, migrant workers (except ASEAN<\/a> migrants for the year 2017) and citizens from other Thai provinces<\/a> living and renting in Chiang Mai in their official population figures, it is estimated that the real population figure for Chiang Mai could be as high as 1.5 million.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u533a\u7684\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a1,198,000\u4eba\uff0c\u4f7f\u6e05\u8fc8\u6210\u4e3a\u6cf0\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u66fc\u8c37\uff081070\u4e07\u4eba\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u5927\u57ce\u5e02Nakhon Ratchasima\u7684\u4e24\u500d\uff08\u4f30\u8ba1\uff1a50\u4e07\u4eba\uff09[3][4]\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5730\u65b9\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8\u95e8\uff08DLA\uff09\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff08NSO\uff09\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u5916\u7c4d\u4eba\u58eb\u3001\u975e\u6c38\u4e45\u5c45\u6c11\u3001\u79fb\u6c11\u5de5\u4eba\uff08\u9664\u4e862017\u5e74\u7684ASEAN\u79fb\u6c11\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6cf0\u56fd\u7701\u4efd\u5728\u6e05\u8fc8\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u79df\u623f\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u8ba1\u5165\u5b98\u65b9\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f30\u8ba1\u6e05\u8fc8\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4eba\u53e3\u53ef\u80fd\u9ad8\u8fbe150\u4e07\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As of 2022, a fourth revision of Chiang Mai’s urban area is under way and currently up for debate by the public. Proposals show the expansion of the current urban area into more adjacent subdistricts<\/a> and large forest areas, especially around Doi Suthep<\/a>.[23]<\/a>[24]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u622a\u81f32022\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u8fc8\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u57df\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u4fee\u8ba2\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u7531\u516c\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u8fa9\u8bba\u3002\u63d0\u6848\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5c06\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u57ce\u533a\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u76f8\u90bb\u5206\u533a\u548c\u5927\u7247\u68ee\u6797\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7d20\u8d34\u5c71\u5468\u56f4\u3002[23][24]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since Thailand’s outdated census methods prevent the determination of official metropolitan areas outside of Bangkok, presently there are no official sources indicating how large the extended metropolitan area<\/a> is. In the case of Chiang Mai, it is presumed that the area would cross provincial borders due to the city’s close proximity to Lamphun province<\/a>.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6cf0\u56fd\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u666e\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u66fc\u8c37\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76ee\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u5b98\u65b9\u6765\u6e90\u8868\u660e\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u90fd\u5e02\u533a\u57df\u6709\u591a\u5927\u3002\u5728\u6e05\u8fc8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u5e02\u4e0e\u5357\u5954\u5e9c\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u6d4b\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u53ef\u80fd\u8de8\u8d8a\u7701\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chiang Mai’s true size is often misinterpreted and misrepresented, unintentionally mitigating the city’s importance in Thailand.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u89c4\u6a21\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u8bef\u89e3\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u65e0\u610f\u4e2d\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8be5\u5e02\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u9075\u5faaCC BY- SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u9075\u5faaCC BY- SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u3010\u5de6\u56fe\u3011
\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1aChiang Mai Municipality (40.216km\u00b2, in green) inside the Chiang Mai Urban Area (405km\u00b2, in red)[25]
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\u533a\uff08405 \u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\uff09\u5185\u7684\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\uff0840.216 \u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\uff09<\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aJonathan.Gab.<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u3010\u53f3\u56fe\u3011
\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1aRendition of Chiang Mai’s principal city plan border (not the city proper’s border) defined by Chiang Mai’s Provincial Administrative Organization, Size: 405km\u00b2
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u7701\u884c\u653f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6e05\u8fc8\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u8fb9\u754c\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u5e02\u533a\u8fb9\u754c\uff09\u7684\u6548\u679c\u56fe\uff0c\u9762\u79ef\uff1a405\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc<\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aJonathan.Gab.<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

3. \u5fbd\u6807 \uff5c Emblem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe3-1\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

The city emblem shows the\u00a0stupa\u00a0<\/a>at\u00a0Wat Phra That Doi Suthep\u00a0<\/a>in its center. Below it are clouds representing the moderate climate in the mountains of northern Thailand. There is a\u00a0n\u0101ga<\/a>, the mythical snake said to be the source of the\u00a0Ping River<\/a>, and rice stalks, which refer to the fertility of the land.[26]
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u57ce\u5e02\u5fbd\u6807\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8335\u4ed6\u4fac\u5c71\u4e0a\u7684\u8335\u4ed6\u4fac\u5bfa\uff08Wat Phra That Doi Suthep\uff09\u7684\u4f5b\u5854\u3002\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u4e91\u6735\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6cf0\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u5c71\u533a\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u90a3\u4f3d\uff08n\u0101ga\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u795e\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u86c7\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u5b83\u662f\u6e44\u5e73\u6cb3\u7684\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7a3b\u7a57\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u571f\u5730\u7684\u80a5\u6c83\u3002[26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u5b97\u6559\u540d\u80dc \uff5c Religious Sites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u4f5b\u6559\u5bfa\u5e99\uff1a\u56fe4-1\u81f34-5\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Chiang Mai city has 117 Buddhist temples<\/a> (“wat<\/a>” in Thai) in the Muang (city) district.[27]<\/a> These include:
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\u7684 Muang\uff08\u5e02\uff09\u533a\u6709 117 \u5ea7\u4f5b\u6559\u5bfa\u5e99\uff08\u6cf0\u8bed\u201cwat\u201d\uff09\u3002[27] \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wat Phra That Doi Suthep<\/a>, the city’s most famous temple, stands on Doi Suthep, a mountain to the north-west of the city, at an elevation of 1,073 meters.[28]<\/a> The temple dates from 1383.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u8be5\u5e02\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5bfa\u5e99\u2014\u2014\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7d20\u8d34\u5c71\u4e0a\u7684\u4f5b\u5854\uff0c\u6d77\u62d41073\u7c73\uff0c\u5efa\u4e8e1383\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wat Chiang Man<\/a>, the oldest temple in Chiang Mai, dating from the 13th century.[6]<\/a>:\u200a209\u200a King Mengrai lived here during the construction of the city. This temple houses two important and venerated Buddha figures, the marble Phra Sila and the crystal Phra Satang Man.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aWat Chiang Man\u662f\u6e05\u8fc8\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5bfa\u5e99\uff0c\u5efa\u4e8e13\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002\u5728\u5efa\u9020\u57ce\u5e02\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u56fd\u738bMengrai\u66fe\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c45\u4f4f\u3002\u8be5\u5bfa\u5e99\u6536\u85cf\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u800c\u53d7\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u4f5b\u50cf\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u7684Phra Sila\u548c\u6c34\u6676\u7684Phra Satang Man\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wat Phra Singh<\/a> is within the city walls, dates from 1345, and offers an example of classic Northern Thai-style architecture. It houses the Phra Singh Buddha, a highly venerated figure brought here many years ago from Chiang Rai.[29]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aWat Phra Singh\u4f4d\u4e8e\u57ce\u5899\u5185\uff0c\u5efa\u4e8e1345\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u5317\u6cf0\u5f0f\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8303\u4f8b\u3002\u8be5\u5bfa\u5e99\u6536\u85cf\u4e86Phra Singh Buddha\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u4ece\u6e05\u83b1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5907\u53d7\u5c0a\u5d07\u7684\u4f5b\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e15\u90a2\u5bfa<\/strong><\/a>\uff08Wat Phra Singh<\/strong>\uff09\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6e05\u8fc8\u53e4\u57ce\u5185Rajdamnoen Road\u548cSamlam Road\u4ea4\u754c\u3002\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5386\u53f2\u6700\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u4f5b\u5bfa\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u7531\u5b5f\u83b1\u738b\u671d<\/a>\u7684\u574e\u798f\u738b\u5efa\u4e8e1345\u5e74\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b89\u5949\u5176\u7236\u738b\u7684\u7075\u9aa8\u3002\u5c79\u7acb\u8be5\u5bfa\u7684\u5927\u4f5b\u50cf\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u662f\u7531\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u8bf7\u6765\u7684\u4f5b\u9640\u53eb\u201c\u5e15\u8f9b\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5916\u8c8c\u5219\u662f\u6cf0\u5317\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u65f6\u5e15\u90a2\u5bfa\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f5b\u50cf\u51c0\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wat Chedi Luang<\/a> was founded in 1401 and is dominated by a large Lanna style chedi<\/a>, which took many years to finish. An earthquake damaged the chedi in the 16th century and only two-thirds of it remains.[30]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aWat Chedi Luang\u5efa\u4e8e1401\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u5ea7\u5927\u578b\u7684\u5170\u7eb3\u5f0f\u4f5b\u5854\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u82b1\u8d39\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5e74\u624d\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u572816\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u5730\u9707\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u4f5b\u5854\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u67f4\u8fea\u9686\u5bfa<\/strong><\/a>\uff08Wat Chedi Luang<\/strong>\uff09\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6e05\u8fc8\u53e4\u57ce\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u67f4\u8fea\u9686\u5bfa\u5728\u6cf0\u6587<\/a>\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u5927\u5854\u5bfa\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u8bd1\u4f5c\u9686\u5723\u9aa8\u5bfa[3]<\/a>\u3002\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5170\u7eb3<\/a>\u738b\u671d\u5efa\u7b51\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5927\u4f5b\u5854\u5efa\u4e8e\u516c\u51431441\u5e74\u539f\u9ad890\u7c73\uff0c\u4f46\u7ecf\u53861545\u5e74\u5927\u5730\u9707\u548c16\u4e16\u7eaa\u6cf0\u7f05\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u73b0\u65f6\u5bfa\u5e99\u7565\u89c1\u503e\u9887\uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4ec5\u526960\u7c73\u9ad8\u3002\u539f\u5b58\u4e8e\u6b64\u5854\u4e1c\u9762\u795e\u9f9b\u7684\u7389\u4f5b\uff0c\u540e\u79fb\u81f3\u66fc\u8c37\u7389\u4f5b\u5bfa<\/a>[4]<\/a>\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u7531\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/a>\u548c\u65e5\u672c<\/a>\u653f\u5e9c\u51fa\u8d44\u4fee\u7f2e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u539f\u8c8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wat Ku Tao<\/a> in the city’s Chang Phuak District dates from (at least) the 13th century and is distinguished by an unusual alms-bowl-shaped stupa thought to contain the ashes of King Nawrahta Minsaw<\/a>, Chiang Mai’s first Bamar ruler.[31]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6e05\u8fc8Chang Phuak\u533a\u7684Wat Ku Tao\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u523013\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7897\u72b6\u4f5b\u5854\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u636e\u4fe1\uff0c\u8be5\u4f5b\u5854\u5185\u88c5\u6709\u6e05\u8fc8\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f05\u7538\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005Nawrahta Minsaw\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u9aa8\u7070\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wat Chet Yot<\/a> is on the outskirts of the city. Built in 1455, the temple hosted the Eighth World Buddhist Council<\/a> in 1477.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aWat Chet Yot \u5bfa\u4f4d\u4e8e\u57ce\u5e02\u90ca\u533a\u3002 \u8be5\u5bfa\u5efa\u4e8e 1455 \u5e74\uff0c\u66fe\u4e8e 1477 \u5e74\u4e3b\u529e\u7b2c\u516b\u5c4a\u4e16\u754c\u4f5b\u6559\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wiang Kum Kam<\/a> is at the site of an old city in the Tha Wang Tan sub-district<\/a> of the Saraphi district<\/a> south of Chiang Mai. King Mangrai<\/a>lived there for ten years before the founding of Chiang Mai. The site includes many ruined temples.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u738b\u582a\u5e72\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6e05\u8fc8\u5357\u90e8\u8428\u62c9\u83f2\u533aTha Wang Tan\u5206\u533a\u7684\u53e4\u57ce\u9057\u5740\u3002\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u6e05\u8fc8\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u66fc\u683c\u62c9\u56fd\u738b\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e86\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u8be5\u9057\u5740\u5305\u62ec\u8bb8\u591a\u88ab\u6bc1\u7684\u5bfa\u5e99\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wat Umong<\/a> is a forest and cave wat in the foothills west of the city, near Chiang Mai University<\/a>. Wat U-Mong is known for its “fasting Buddha,” representing the Buddha at the end of his long and fruitless fast prior to gaining enlightenment.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aWat Umong\u662f\u4e00\u5ea7\u4f4d\u4e8e\u57ce\u5e02\u897f\u4fa7\u5c71\u811a\u4e0b\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u548c\u6d1e\u7a74\u5bfa\u5e99\uff0c\u9760\u8fd1\u6e05\u8fc8\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u8be5\u5bfa\u5e99\u4ee5\u5176\u201c\u7edd\u98df\u4f5b\u50cf\u201d\u800c\u95fb\u540d\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4f5b\u9640\u5728\u957f\u671f\u800c\u65e0\u679c\u7684\u7edd\u98df\u4e4b\u540e\u83b7\u5f97\u542f\u793a\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wat RamPoeng (Tapotaram), near Wat U-Mong, is known for its meditation center (Northern Insight Meditation Center). The temple teaches the traditional vipassan\u0101<\/a> technique and students stay from 10 days to more than a month as they try to meditate at least 10 hours a day. Wat RamPoeng houses the largest collection of Tipitaka<\/em>, the complete Theravada canon, in several Northern dialects.[32]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aWat RamPoeng\uff08\u5854\u6ce2\u62c9\u739b\u5bfa\uff09\u9760\u8fd1Wat U-Mong\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u51a5\u60f3\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08\u5317\u6d1e\u5bdf\u51a5\u60f3\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u8be5\u5bfa\u5e99\u6559\u6388\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6bd7\u5a46\u820d\u90a3\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u505c\u755910\u5929\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u81f3\u5c11\u5c1d\u8bd5\u51a5\u60f310\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002Wat RamPoeng\u62e5\u6709\u6700\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684Tipitaka\u6536\u85cf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5c0f\u4e58\u7ecf\u5178\u548c\u51e0\u79cd\u5317\u65b9\u65b9\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wat Suan Dok<\/a> is a 14th-century temple just west of the old city wall. It was built by the king for a revered monk visiting from Sukhothai for a rainy season retreat. The temple is also the site of Mahachulalongkorn Rajavidyalaya Buddhist University, where monks pursue their studies.[33]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aWat Suan Dok\u662f\u4e00\u5ea714\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5bfa\u5e99\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8001\u57ce\u5899\u4ee5\u897f\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u56fd\u738b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f4d\u6765\u81ea\u7d20\u53ef\u6cf0\u7684\u5907\u53d7\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u50e7\u4fa3\u5efa\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u4f9b\u4ed6\u5728\u96e8\u5b63\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u4fee\u3002\u8be5\u5bfa\u5e99\u4e5f\u662f\u739b\u54c8\u6731\u62c9\u9686\u529f\u4f5b\u6559\u5927\u5b66\uff08Maha Chulalongkorn Rajavidyalaya Buddhist University\uff09\u7684\u6240\u5728\u5730\uff0c\u50e7\u4fa3\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8ffd\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u677e\u8fbe\u5bfa<\/strong><\/a>\uff08Wat Suan Duk<\/strong>\uff09\uff1a\u6cf0\u6587\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u82b1\u56ed\u5bfa\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u5730\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6e05\u8fc8\u53e4\u57ce\u5916\u897f\u8fb9\uff0c\u5efa\u4e8e\u516c\u51431373\u5e74\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u662f\u4e3a\u4f5b\u5b66\u5927\u5e08\u7d20\u739b\u90a3\u6cf0\u62c9\uff08Phra Sumana Thera\uff09\u96e8\u5b63\u65f6\u7684\u5c45\u6240\uff0c\u540e\u66fe\u6210\u4e3a\u7eb3\u5170\u6cf0\u738b\u671d\u7684\u201c\u5fa1\u82b1\u56ed\u201d\uff0c\u4f20\u8bf4\u5728\u677e\u8fbe\u5bfa\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4f5b\u5854\u4e0b\u57cb\u4e86\u4f5b\u820d\u5229\u5b50<\/a>\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4eba\u9ad8\u7684\u767d\u8272\u5854\u6797\u4ea6\u662f\u7eb3\u5170\u6cf0\u738b\u5ba4\u8fc7\u4e16\u540e\u57cb\u846c\u5904\u3002\u6b64\u5bfa\u6709\u4e00\u5ea7\u5efa\u4e8e16\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u9752\u94dc\u4f5b\u50cf\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e744\u6708\u6e05\u8fc8\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282<\/a>\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4eea\u5f0f\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u8be5\u5bfa\u4e3e\u884c[5]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6e05\u8fc8.\u84dd\u5e99<\/strong><\/a>\uff08Wat Ban Den<\/strong>\uff09\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u84dd\u5e99\u59cb\u5efa\u4e8e\u516c\u51431894\u5e74\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6e05\u8fc8\u6e44\u767b\u53bf\uff08Mae Taeng\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u53e4\u57ce\u5f00\u8f66\uff0c\u7ecf1001\u53f7\u516c\u8def\uff0c\u5927\u7ea650\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u7ea670\u5206\u949f\u5c31\u80fd\u5230\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition to the currently active temples there are several temple ruins scattered around the present-day city area. Typically only the main stupa remains as it is a brick and cement structure, with other temple buildings no longer there. There are 44 of such structures in the city area, ranging from very prominent landmarks to small remnants that have almost completely disappeared or are overgrown with vegetation.[34]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5bfa\u5e99\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u4eca\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u57df\u5468\u56f4\u6563\u843d\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u5bfa\u5e99\u9057\u5740\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4f5b\u5854\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u7816\u548c\u6c34\u6ce5\u7ed3\u6784\u6784\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u5bfa\u5e99\u5efa\u7b51\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u590d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u5171\u670944\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ece\u975e\u5e38\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5730\u6807\u5230\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u5931\u6216\u88ab\u690d\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u5c0f\u9057\u8ff9\u4e0d\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Other religious traditions:
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5176\u4ed6\u5b97\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\u5176\u4ed6\u5b97\u6559\uff1a\u56fe4-6\u81f34-9\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

“First Church” was founded in 1868 by the Laos Mission<\/a> of the Rev. Daniel and Mrs. Sophia McGilvary<\/a>. Chiang Mai has about 20 Christian churches<\/a>[35]<\/a> Chiang Mai is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Chiang Mai<\/a> at Sacred Heart Cathedral<\/a>.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a”\u7b2c\u4e00\u6559\u5802”\u662f\u7531\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u7267\u5e08\u548c\u7d22\u83f2\u4e9a\u00b7\u9ea6\u5409\u5c14\u74e6\u91cc\u592b\u4eba\u4e8e1868\u5e74\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u8001\u631d\u6559\u4f1a\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u5927\u7ea6\u670920\u4e2a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5802[35]\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u662f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5723\u5fc3\u5927\u6559\u5802\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6e05\u8fc8\u6559\u533a\u7684\u6240\u5728\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The office of the Christian Conference of Asia<\/a> is located in Chiang Mai.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e9a\u6d32\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6e05\u8fc8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muslim traders have traveled to north Thailand for many centuries, and a small settled presence has existed in Chiang Mai from at least the middle of the 19th century.[36]<\/a> The city has mosques<\/a> identified with Chinese or Chin Haw<\/a> Muslims as well as Muslims of Bengali, Pathan, and Malay descent. In 2011, there were 16 mosques in the city.[37]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5546\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u524d\u5f80\u6cf0\u56fd\u5317\u90e8\u65c5\u884c\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u6e05\u8fc8\u81f3\u5c11\u4ece19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5b9a\u5c45\u70b9\u3002[36]\u8be5\u5e02\u6709\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6216\u4e91\u5357\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u4eba\u3001\u5e15\u5766\u4eba\u548c\u9a6c\u6765\u88d4\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u30022011\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u5e02\u670916\u5ea7\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u3002[37]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Two gurdwaras<\/a> (Sikh<\/a> places of worship), Siri Guru Singh Sabha<\/a> and Namdhari<\/a>,[38]<\/a> serve the city’s Sikh community.[38]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aSiri Guru Singh Sabha \u548c Namdhari \u4e24\u4e2a\u8c12\u5e08\u6240\uff08\u9521\u514b\u6559\u793c\u62dc\u573a\u6240\uff09[38] \u4e3a\u8be5\u5e02\u7684\u9521\u514b\u6559\u793e\u533a\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002[38]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Hindu temple<\/a> Dev Mandir serves the Hindu community.[38]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5bfa\u5e99 Dev Mandir \u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u793e\u533a\u670d\u52a1\u3002[38]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. \u7ba1\u7406 \uff5c Administration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The Administration of Chiang Mai Municipality is responsible for an area that covers approximately 40.216 square kilometers and consists of 4 Municipal Districts, 14 sub-districts, 94 municipal communities, and 89,656 households.[2]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u9762\u79ef\u7ea640.216\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u75314\u4e2a\u533a\u300114\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u300194\u4e2a\u5e02\u8f96\u533a\u548c89656\u6237\u7ec4\u6210\u3002 [2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to Municipal Act B.E. 2496 (1953, reviewed in 2003), the duties of the Municipality cover a lot of areas which include clean water supply, waste and sewage disposal, communicable disease control, public training and education, public hospitals and electricity, etc.[39]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6839\u636e1953\u5e74\u9881\u5e03\u7684B . E .2496\u53f7\u5e02\u653f\u6cd5(2003\u5e74\u4fee\u8ba2) \uff0c\u5e02\u653f\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u6d89\u53ca\u5f88\u591a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6e05\u6d01\u4f9b\u6c34\u3001\u5e9f\u7269\u548c\u6c61\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u3001\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u516c\u5171\u57f9\u8bad\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u516c\u7acb\u533b\u9662\u548c\u7535\u529b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The mayor, or the highest executive, is directly elected by the eligible voters in the municipal area. The mayor serves a four-year term and is assisted by no more than four deputy mayors appointed directly by the mayor. The mayor will thus be permitted to appoint deputies, secretaries and advisors including the mayor himself or herself totally no more than 10. The current Mayor is Tussanai Burabupakorn, as of June 2018.[39]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5e02\u957f\u662f\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u884c\u653f\u957f\u5b98\uff0c\u7531\u5e02\u8f96\u533a\u7684\u5408\u683c\u9009\u6c11\u76f4\u63a5\u9009\u4e3e\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u5e02\u957f\u4efb\u671f\u56db\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u56db\u540d\u526f\u5e02\u957f\u534f\u52a9\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u526f\u5e02\u957f\u7531\u5e02\u957f\u76f4\u63a5\u4efb\u547d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5e02\u957f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u547d\u6700\u591a\u5341\u540d\u526f\u624b\u3001\u79d8\u4e66\u548c\u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5e02\u957f\u672c\u4eba\u3002\u622a\u81f32018\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u73b0\u4efb\u5e02\u957f\u4e3aTussanai Burabupakorn\u3002[39]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Municipal Council is the legislative body of the municipality. It has the power to issue ordinances by laws that do not contradict with the laws of the country. The municipal council applies to all people living in the municipal area. The Chiang Mai City Municipal Council is composed of 24 elected members from 4 municipal districts who each serves a 4-year term.[39]<\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u5e02\u8bae\u4f1a\u662f\u8be5\u5e02\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u6709\u6743\u6839\u636e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5e03\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u76f8\u62b5\u89e6\u3002\u5e02\u8bae\u4f1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u5e02\u533a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c45\u6c11\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u5e02\u8bae\u4f1a\u7531\u6765\u81ea4\u4e2a\u5e02\u533a\u768424\u540d\u6c11\u9009\u8bae\u5458\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bae\u5458\u4efb\u671f\u4e3a4\u5e74\u3002[39]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u6587\u5316 \uff5c Culture<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

6.1 \u8282\u5e86 \uff5c Festivals<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe6-1\u81f36-6\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u56fe6-7\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Chiang Mai hosts many Thai festivals, including:
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u4e3e\u529e\u8bb8\u591a\u6cf0\u56fd\u8282\u65e5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Loi Krathong<\/a> (along with Yi Peng), held on the full moon of the 12th month of the traditional Thai lunar calendar<\/a>, being the full moon of the second month of the old Lanna calendar. In the Western calendar this usually falls in November. Every year thousands of people assemble floating banana-leaf containers (krathong<\/em>) decorated with flowers and candles and deposit them on the waterways of the city in worship of the Goddess of Water. Lanna-style sky lanterns<\/a>(khom fai<\/em> or kom loi<\/em>), which are hot-air balloons made of paper, are launched into the air. These sky lanterns are believed to help rid the locals of troubles and are also used to decorate houses and streets.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6c34\u706f\u8282(\u4e0e\u8721\u70db\u8282\u9f50\u540d)\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u9634\u5386\u768412\u6708\u6ee1\u6708\u4e4b\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u65e7\u5170\u7eb3\u65e5\u5386\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6708\u3002\u5728\u9633\u5386\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u843d\u572811\u6708\u4efd\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\uff0c\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u4eba\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5c06\u88c5\u9970\u7740\u9c9c\u82b1\u548c\u8721\u70db\u7684\u9999\u8549\u53f6\u5bb9\u5668( krathong )\u6295\u653e\u5230\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6c34\u9053\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5d07\u62dc\u6c34\u795e\u3002\u5170\u7eb3\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u5929\u706f( khom fai\u6216kom loi )\u662f\u7528\u7eb8\u5236\u6210\u7684\u70ed\u6c14\u7403\uff0c\u88ab\u53d1\u5c04\u5230\u7a7a\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5929\u706f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u6446\u8131\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u4e8e\u88c5\u9970\u623f\u5c4b\u548c\u8857\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Songkran<\/a><\/em> is held in mid-April to celebrate the traditional Thai New Year. Chiang Mai has become one of the most popular locations to visit during this festival. A variety of religious and fun-related activities (notably the indiscriminate citywide water fight) take place each year, along with parades and Miss Songkran beauty competition.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u57284\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u5e86\u795d\u6cf0\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u65b0\u5e74\u3002\u6e05\u8fc8\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u8282\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u5730\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e3e\u529e\u5404\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u5a31\u4e50\u6d3b\u52a8(\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5168\u5e02\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6df7\u6218) \uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6e38\u884c\u548c\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u5c0f\u59d0\u9009\u7f8e\u6bd4\u8d5b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chiang Mai Flower Festival<\/a> is a three-day festival held during the first weekend in February each year; this event occurs when Chiang Mai’s temperate and tropical flowers are in full bloom.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6e05\u8fc8\u82b1\u5349\u8282\u662f\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e8c\u6708\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5468\u672b\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u4e3a\u671f\u4e09\u5929\u7684\u8282\u65e5\uff1b \u8fd9\u4e00\u6d3b\u52a8\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6e05\u8fc8\u7684\u6e29\u5e26\u548c\u70ed\u5e26\u82b1\u5349\u76db\u5f00\u4e4b\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tam Bun Khan Dok, the Inthakhin<\/a> (City Pillar) Festival, starts on the day of the waning moon of the sixth lunar month and lasts 6\u20138 days.
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aTam Bun Khan Dok\uff0c\u5373 Inthakhin\uff08\u57ce\u67f1\uff09\u8282\uff0c\u4ece\u519c\u5386\u516d\u6708\u6b8b\u6708\u90a3\u5929\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6301\u7eed 6 \u81f3 8 \u5929\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Notable local Buddhist celebrations are Visakha Bucha Day<\/a> at Doi Suthep (mountain) where thousands of Buddhists make the journey on foot after sunset, from the bottom of the mountain to the temple at the top Wat Doi Suthep.[40]<\/a> Makha Bucha Day<\/a> is celebrated at large temples (Wat Phra Singh, Wat Chedi Luang, Wat Phra That Doi Suthep, and Wat Sri Soda) with thousands of attendees.[41<\/a>]
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6cf0\u56fd\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u5e86\u5178\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u975e\u5e38\u8457\u540d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u662fDoi Suthep\uff08\u7d20\u8d34\u5c71\uff09\u7684Visakha Bucha Day\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u65e5\u91cc\uff0c\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u5f92\u4f1a\u5728\u65e5\u843d\u540e\u4ece\u5c71\u811a\u4e0b\u5f92\u6b65\u524d\u5f80\u5c71\u9876\u7684Wat Doi Suthep\u5bfa\u5e99\u3002Makha Bucha Day\u5219\u662f\u5728\u5927\u578b\u5bfa\u5e99\uff08\u5982Wat Phra Singh\u3001Wat Chedi Luang\u3001Wat Phra That Doi Suthep\u548cWat Sri Soda\uff09\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u5e86\u5178\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u6570\u4ee5\u5343\u8ba1\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e86\u5178\u662f\u6cf0\u56fd\u4f5b\u6559\u6587\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6.2 \u8bed\u8a00 \uff5c Language<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5f53\u5730\u5c45\u6c11\u64cd\u5317\u90e8\u6cf0\u8bed<\/a>\u3002\u7528\u6765\u64b0\u5199\u5317\u90e8\u6cf0\u8bed\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u8001\u50a3\u6587<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u4e3a\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6c11\u4f17\u6539\u4ee5\u6807\u51c6\u6cf0\u6587\u5b57<\/a>\u64b0\u5199\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6e05\u8fc8\u89c2\u5149\u4e1a\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u65c5\u9986\u548c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u3001\u4e2d\u6587\u548c\u65e5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6.3 \u535a\u7269\u9986 \uff5c Museums<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe6-7\u548c6-8\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n