{"id":213,"date":"2023-07-15T19:47:49","date_gmt":"2023-07-15T11:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=213"},"modified":"2024-07-14T18:35:27","modified_gmt":"2024-07-14T10:35:27","slug":"neom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2023\/07\/15\/neom\/","title":{"rendered":"Neom\uff08\u6c99\u7279\u672a\u6765\u57ce\uff09 – \u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u6574\u5408\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c\u4e0e\u539f\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC-BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee<\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u672c\u6587\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae<\/a><\/p>\n\u5c01\u9762\u56fe\u7247\uff1a\u6c99\u7279\u672a\u6765\u57ce\u5b98\u65b9\u56fe\u7ae0
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u672a\u5f00\u653e\u6388\u6743\u4f7f\u7528<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1. \u6b63\u6587<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u4e3b\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2 \u4e0d\u4fbf\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u90e8\u5206<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u6587 5. Controversies \u4e89\u8bae<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

5.1 Evictions and executions<\/strong> \u9a71\u79bb\u4e0e\u5904\u51b3<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

It is estimated that 20,000 people will be forced to relocate to accommodate the planned city.[57]<\/sup><\/a> The Howeitat<\/a> tribe, who are native to the area, say that they are not opposed to the city itself, but rather the forced expulsion and subsequent violence.[58]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u636e\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u5c06\u67092\u4e07\u4eba\u88ab\u8feb\u642c\u8fc1\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba1\u5212\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u970d\u7ef4\u5854\u7279\u90e8\u843d\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u571f\u8457\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u793a\u5e76\u4e0d\u53cd\u5bf9\u57ce\u5e02\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u88ab\u8feb\u9a71\u9010\u548c\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 13 April 2020, activist Abdul Rahim al-Huwaiti posted videos online announcing that Saudi security forces were trying to evict him and other members of the Howeitat tribe from their historical homeland to make way for the development of Neom.[11]<\/sup><\/a>[58]<\/sup><\/a> In the videos, Abdul Rahim al-Huwaiti said that he would defy the eviction orders, although he expected that Saudi authorities would plant weapons in his house to incriminate him.[59]<\/sup><\/a> He was later shot and killed by Saudi security forces, who claimed he had opened fire on them.[59]<\/sup><\/a> London-based human rights activist and fellow Howeitat tribe member Alya Alhwaiti disputed this version of events, stating that al-Huwaiti did not own firearms.[58]<\/sup><\/a> al-Huwaiti’s funeral was held near the village of al-Khoraibah and was well attended despite the presence of Saudi security forces.[58]<\/sup><\/a> Eight cousins of al-Huwaiti have been arrested for protesting against the eviction order, but Alhwaiti has said that she and other human rights activists hoped to challenge the arrests.[58]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2020\u5e744\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u963f\u535c\u675c\u52d2\u00b7\u62c9\u5e0c\u59c6\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u00b7\u80e1\u74e6\u4f0a\u8482\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u53d1\u5e03\u89c6\u9891\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u6c99\u7279\u5b89\u5168\u90e8\u961f\u8bd5\u56fe\u9a71\u9010\u4ed6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8c6a\u7ef4\u5854\u7279\u90e8\u843d\u6210\u5458\u79bb\u5f00\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5bb6\u56ed\uff0c\u4e3a\u5c3c\u5965\u59c6\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8ba9\u8def[11][58]\u3002\u5728\u89c6\u9891\u4e2d\uff0c\u963f\u535c\u675c\u52d2\u00b7\u62c9\u5e0c\u59c6\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u00b7\u80e1\u74e6\u4f0a\u8482\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u5c06\u8fdd\u6297\u9a71\u9010\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u9884\u6599\u6c99\u7279\u5f53\u5c40\u4f1a\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u91cc\u79cd\u4e0b\u6b66\u5668\u4ee5\u6307\u63a7\u4ed6[59]\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u6c99\u7279\u5b89\u5168\u90e8\u961f\u51fb\u6bd9\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u58f0\u79f0\u4ed6\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u706b[59]\u3002\u4f26\u6566\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u3001\u8c6a\u7ef4\u5854\u7279\u90e8\u843d\u6210\u5458\u963f\u5229\u5a05\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u80e1\u74e6\u4f0a\u8482\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63d0\u51fa\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u79f0\u963f\u5c14\u00b7\u80e1\u74e6\u4f0a\u8482\u6ca1\u6709\u67aa\u652f[58]\u3002\u963f\u5c14\u00b7\u80e1\u74e6\u4f0a\u8482\u7684\u846c\u793c\u5728\u963f\u5c14\u79d1\u8d56\u5df4\u6751\u9644\u8fd1\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6c99\u7279\u5b89\u5168\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u573a\uff0c\u4f46\u846c\u793c\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0[58]\u3002\u963f\u5c14\u00b7\u80e1\u74e6\u4f0a\u8482\u7684\u516b\u4e2a\u8868\u4eb2\u56e0\u6297\u8bae\u9a71\u9010\u4ee4\u88ab\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u4f46\u963f\u5c14\u80e1\u74e6\u4f0a\u8482\u8868\u793a\u5979\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6743\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u902e\u6355\u63d0\u51fa\u6311\u6218[58]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In June 2020, Mohammed bin Salman signed a $1.7 million contract with American public-relations and lobbying firm Ruder Finn<\/a> to counter the criticism and controversies involving the Neom city project.[60]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2020\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u672c\u00b7\u8428\u52d2\u66fc\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u5173\u548c\u6e38\u8bf4\u516c\u53f8\u9c81\u5fb7\u82ac\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u4ef7\u503c170\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5e94\u5bf9\u6d89\u53ca\u65b0\u7eb3\u6b27\u59c6\u57ce\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In November 2020, British lawyers representing the Howeitat tribe urged Dominic Raab<\/a> to boycott the G20 Summit in Saudi Arabia<\/a>, arguing that the United Kingdom has a moral imperative to take a stand in defense of the tribe and confront Saudi Arabia over its human-rights issues.[61]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2020\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8c6a\u4f0a\u5854\u7279\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u5f8b\u5e08\u6566\u4fc3\u591a\u7c73\u5c3c\u514b\u00b7\u62c9\u5e03\u62b5\u5236\u5728\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2\u5cf0\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u6709\u9053\u4e49\u8d23\u4efb\u7ad9\u51fa\u6765\u634d\u536b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u8ffd\u8d23\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In October 2022, the Specialized Criminal Court<\/a> of Saudi Arabia sentenced three members of the Howeitat tribe to death for resisting displacement.[62]<\/sup><\/a> The three men were arrested in 2020 for opposing the eviction of their tribe for the project. One of the condemned men, Shadli al-Howeiti, was the brother of Abdul Rahim al-Howeiti.[63]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2022\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u7684\u7279\u522b\u5211\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u4ee5\u62b5\u6297\u88ab\u8feb\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e3a\u7531\uff0c\u5224\u5904\u8c6a\u7ef4\u5854\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u4e09\u540d\u6210\u5458\u6b7b\u5211[62]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u540d\u7537\u5b50\u4e8e2020\u5e74\u88ab\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u56e0\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u9a71\u9010\u9879\u76ee\u800c\u88ab\u6355\u3002\u88ab\u5224\u6b7b\u5211\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4eba\u6c99\u5fb7\u5229\u00b7\u8c6a\u4f0a\u8482\u662f\u963f\u535c\u675c\u52d2\u00b7\u62c9\u5e0c\u59c6\u00b7\u8c6a\u4f0a\u8482\u7684\u5144\u5f1f[63]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.2 2029 Asian Winter Games<\/strong> 2029\u5e74\u4e9a\u6d32\u51ac\u5b63\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f1a<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

In October 2022, Neom was announced as the host of the 2029 Asian Winter Games<\/a>, a decision that received criticism concerning its adverse environmental impact.[56]<\/sup><\/a> Amidst increasing global-warming<\/a> concerns, the project raised multiple issues ranging from the expected high temperatures in the desert land, the energy impact and detour of local water resources to the construction of artificial ski slopes from scratch. Raphael Le Magoariec, a political scientist and specialist in the geopolitics of sports in the Persian Gulf region<\/a> said that Riyadh “mainly wants to promote its city of the future.”[56]<\/sup><\/a> International Ski and Snowboard Federation<\/a> secretary general Michel Vion<\/a> expressed surprise at the decision of the Olympic Council of Asia<\/a> (OCA) and Olympic downhill silver medalist Johan Clarey<\/a> said, \u201cit is awful for our sport.”[56]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2022\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u5185\u5965\u59c6\uff08Neom\uff09\u88ab\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e3a2029\u5e74\u4e9a\u6d32\u51ac\u5b63\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f1a\u7684\u4e3b\u529e\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a\u56e0\u5176\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4e0d\u5229\u5f71\u54cd\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u5728\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u95ee\u9898\u65e5\u76ca\u5f15\u8d77\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9884\u8ba1\u6c99\u6f20\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9ad8\u6e29\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u504f\u79bb\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5efa\u9020\u4eba\u5de5\u6ed1\u96ea\u5761\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u6ce2\u65af\u6e7e\u5730\u533a\u4f53\u80b2\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u4e13\u5bb6\u62c9\u6590\u5c14\u00b7\u52d2\u00b7\u9a6c\u54e5\u91cc\u514b\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5229\u96c5\u5f97\u201c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u60f3\u63a8\u5e7f\u5176\u672a\u6765\u4e4b\u57ce\u201d\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u6ed1\u96ea\u4e0e\u6ed1\u96ea\u677f\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u7c73\u6b47\u5c14\u00b7\u7ef4\u7fc1\u5bf9\u4e9a\u6d32\u5965\u6797\u5339\u514b\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\uff08OCA\uff09\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u8868\u793a\u60ca\u8bb6\uff0c\u5965\u8fd0\u4f1a\u9ad8\u5c71\u6ed1\u96ea\u94f6\u724c\u5f97\u4e3b\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u514b\u83b1\u91cc\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u6765\u8bf4\u592a\u7cdf\u7cd5\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.3 Abusive work culture<\/strong> \u4fae\u8fb1\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6587\u5316<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

In 2022, former employees reported NEOM project CEO Nadhmi Al-Nasr<\/a> for promoting a management culture that “belittled expatriates<\/a>, made unrealistic demands, and neglected discrimination in the workplace.”[11]<\/sup><\/a>[64]<\/sup><\/a> The resignation letter of a former chief executive, Andrew Wirth<\/a>, accused Nasr\u2019s leadership of being “consistently inclusive of disparagement and inappropriately dismissive and demeaning outbursts.”[64]<\/sup><\/a> Nasr, appointed by Prince Mohammed with the responsibility to lead NEOM, was accused in his tenure of berating and scaring his employees, as confirmed by present and former staff members.[65]<\/sup><\/a> Two gigaprojects under the Saudi Vision 2030 were merged in 2022, while the remaining three projects lost their expatriate chief executives and turned over the senior management.[64]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u57282022\u5e74\uff0c\u524d\u5458\u5de5\u4e3e\u62a5NEOM\u9879\u76ee\u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98Nadhmi Al-Nasr\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u8d2c\u4f4e\u5916\u7c4d\u5458\u5de5\u3001\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0d\u5207\u5b9e\u9645\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u5ffd\u89c6\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u6b67\u89c6\u201d\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898[11][64]\u3002\u524d\u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98\u5b89\u5fb7\u9c81\u00b7\u7ef4\u5c14\u65af\u7684\u8f9e\u804c\u4fe1\u6307\u8d23Nasr\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\u201c\u4e00\u8d2f\u5305\u62ec\u8d2c\u4f4e\u548c\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u8f7b\u89c6\u548c\u4fae\u8fb1\u6027\u7206\u53d1\u201d[64]\u3002Nasr\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7531\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u738b\u5b50\u4efb\u547d\u8d1f\u8d23\u9886\u5bfcNEOM\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u88ab\u6307\u8d23\u5728\u4efb\u671f\u5185\u5a01\u80c1\u548c\u6050\u5413\u5458\u5de5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u73b0\u4efb\u548c\u524d\u4efb\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u8bc1\u5b9e[65]\u30022022\u5e74\uff0c\u6c99\u72792030\u5e74\u613f\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de8\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4f59\u4e09\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5916\u7c4d\u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98\u5e76\u66f4\u6362\u4e86\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42[64]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Saudi government refused to comment, while Neom declined to make Nasr available for answers or interview requests. However, Neom issued a written statement in defense of Nasr and the management culture at the megaproject, asserting that Neom represented “a scale and ambition the world has never seen before” and that it continued to retain and attract more talent because “employees are passionate about what they do and deeply committed to living up to, and delivering on, the Neom vision.”[66]<\/sup><\/a> Anthony Harris, a former director of innovation at Neom’s education team, accused the crown prince Mohammed bin Salman of fostering a faulty workplace culture since “Nadhmi takes his cue from his boss, and everyone else at Neom takes their cue from Nadhmi.”[64]<\/sup><\/a> At one company meeting, Nasr said on record, “I drive everybody like a slave, when they drop down dead, I celebrate. That\u2019s how I do my projects.”[64]<\/sup><\/a> He also threatened to replace employees stuck in other countries during the COVID-19 pandemic<\/a> lockdown in 2020, which included the former director of branding and marketing.[64]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6c99\u7279\u653f\u5e9c\u62d2\u7edd\u7f6e\u8bc4\uff0c\u800cNeom\u5219\u62d2\u7edd\u8ba9\u7eb3\u65af\u5c14\u56de\u5e94\u6216\u63a5\u53d7\u91c7\u8bbf\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cNeom\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u4e66\u9762\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u4e3a\u7eb3\u65af\u5c14\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d85\u7ea7\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0Neom\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u524d\u6240\u672a\u89c1\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u96c4\u5fc3\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b83\u7ee7\u7eed\u4fdd\u7559\u5e76\u5438\u5f15\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u5458\u5de5\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5145\u6ee1\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u5e76\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0Neom\u7684\u613f\u666f\u3002\u201d[66] Neom\u6559\u80b2\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u524d\u521b\u65b0\u603b\u76d1\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u00b7\u54c8\u91cc\u65af\u6307\u8d23\u738b\u50a8\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u672c\u00b7\u8428\u52d2\u66fc\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u573a\u6240\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u7eb3\u5fb7\u7c73\u4ece\u4ed6\u7684\u8001\u677f\u90a3\u91cc\u5f97\u5230\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u800cNeom\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5219\u4ece\u7eb3\u5fb7\u7c73\u90a3\u91cc\u5f97\u5230\u6307\u793a\u3002\u201d[64] \u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u516c\u53f8\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u7eb3\u65af\u5c14\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u5f53\u5974\u96b6\u9a71\u4f7f\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b7b\u6389\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5e86\u795d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u505a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u201d[64] \u4ed6\u8fd8\u5a01\u80c1\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u57282020\u5e74COVID-19\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u88ab\u56f0\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5458\u5de5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u524d\u54c1\u724c\u548c\u8425\u9500\u603b\u76d1\u3002[64]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In late 2018, Neom’s progress suffered after the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi<\/a>.[67]<\/sup><\/a> Advisers to Neom, including Daniel L. Doctoroff<\/a>[68]<\/sup><\/a> and architect Norman Foster<\/a>, were reported to have distanced themselves from the project and the “toxic” Saudi crown prince.[69]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a2018\u5e74\u5e95\uff0cNeom\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u5728\u8d3e\u8fc8\u52d2\u00b7\u5361\u8212\u5409\uff08Jamal Khashoggi\uff09\u88ab\u6697\u6740\u540e\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6253\u51fb\u3002\u636e\u62a5\u9053\uff0cNeom\u7684\u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7L\u00b7\u591a\u514b\u6258\u7f57\u592b\uff08Daniel L. Doctoroff\uff09\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u8bfa\u66fc\u00b7\u798f\u65af\u7279\uff08Norman Foster\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4ee5\u53ca”\u6709\u6bd2”\u7684\u6c99\u7279\u738b\u50a8\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.4 Surveillance<\/strong> \u76d1\u89c6<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

The Line<\/a>, a smart city housed within Neom to be designed with the help of artificial intelligence<\/a>, announced plans to use data as a currency to manage and provide facilities such as power, waste, water, healthcare, transport and security.[70]<\/sup><\/a> It was said that data would also be collected from the smartphones of the residents, their homes, facial recognition cameras and multiple other sensors. According to Joseph Bradley, the chief executive of Neom Tech & Digital Co., the data sweep would help developers feed the collected information to the city for further predicting and customizing every user’s needs.[70]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u7ebf\u5f62\u57ce\u5e02\uff08The Line\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u667a\u80fd\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8eNeom\u5185\uff0c\u5c06\u501f\u52a9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u8ba1\u5212\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7535\u529b\u3001\u5e9f\u7269\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002\u636e\u79f0\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u8fd8\u5c06\u4ece\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u4eba\u8138\u8bc6\u522b\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u548c\u591a\u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u3002\u636eNeom Tech & Digital Co.\u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98Joseph Bradley\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5c06\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u5b9a\u5236\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, Saudi Arabia’s poor human-rights<\/a> record[71]<\/sup><\/a> and use of espionage<\/a>[72]<\/sup><\/a> and surveillance<\/a> technology for spying on its citizens[73]<\/sup><\/a> emerged as a roadblock, according to digital rights experts. Vincent Mosco, a researcher into the social impacts of technology, stated that “the surveillance concerns are justified” while further adding that “it is, in effect, a surveillance city.”[70]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6570\u5b57\u6743\u5229\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u7684\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u5229\u7528\u95f4\u8c0d\u548c\u76d1\u89c6\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u5176\u516c\u6c11\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u89c6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u963b\u788d\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u6280\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u6587\u68ee\u7279\u00b7\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u5bf9\u76d1\u89c6\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u662f\u6709\u7406\u7531\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8865\u5145\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8 – \u63d0\u95eechatGPT\uff1adigital rights experts\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4eba\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4\u5b83\u4eec\u662fdigital\u7684\uff1f<\/em><\/p>\n\u6570\u5b57\u6743\u5229\u4e13\u5bb6\uff08digital rights experts\uff09\u662f\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u9886\u57df\u5177\u6709\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6216\u5b66\u672f\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0e\u6570\u5b57\u6743\u5229\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e13\u5bb6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cdigital\u201d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6743\u5229\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u6743\u5229\u4e13\u5bb6\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9690\u79c1\u6743\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7b49\u3002
\u6570\u5b57\u6743\u5229\u4e13\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u5b57\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u5236\u5b9a\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u6570\u5b57\u6743\u5229\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u54a8\u8be2\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u516c\u4f17\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a8\u52a8\u6570\u5b57\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

The Saudi Ministry of Communications and Information Technology did not respond to digital rights experts and researchers’ requests for comments.[70]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u6c99\u7279\u901a\u4fe1\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u90e8\u95e8\u672a\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u6743\u5229\u4e13\u5bb6\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f5c\u51fa\u56de\u5e94\u3002[70]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.5 Other criticisms<\/strong> \u5176\u4ed6\u6279\u8bc4<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Mohammed bin Salman’s vision for the city incorporates some technologies that do not currently exist, such as flying cars<\/a>, robot maids, dinosaur robots and a giant artificial moon.[74]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u672c\u00b7\u8428\u52d2\u66fc\u5bf9\u8fd9\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u613f\u666f\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u98de\u884c\u6c7d\u8f66\u3001\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5973\u4ec6\u3001\u6050\u9f99\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4eba\u9020\u6708\u4eae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some of the illustrations for the Neom project were taken from the Gardens by the Bay<\/a> in Singapore<\/a>, leaving commentators to note that “using an actual shot of Singapore to depict an upcoming construction project in Saudi Arabia is an odd choice.”[75]<\/sup><\/a>[76]<\/sup><\/a>
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bc4\u8bba\u5bb6\u6307\u51fa\uff0cNeom\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u63d2\u56fe\u53d6\u81ea\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u6ee8\u6d77\u6e7e\u82b1\u56ed\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u5728\u63cf\u7ed8\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5373\u5c06\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u7167\u7247\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5947\u602a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u201d[75][76]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u53c2\u89c1\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u6761\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n