{"id":2895,"date":"2024-03-26T01:09:15","date_gmt":"2024-03-25T17:09:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=2895"},"modified":"2025-01-31T11:05:02","modified_gmt":"2025-01-31T03:05:02","slug":"tsmc-fulltext-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2024\/03\/26\/tsmc-fulltext-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u53f0\u6e7e\u79ef\u4f53\u7535\u8def\u5236\u9020\uff08\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\uff09 \/ TSMC – \uff08\u5168\u6587\uff09\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>
\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>
\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u665a\u66f4\u65b0\u8005\u4e3a\u51c6\uff09\u3002\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\u6ce8\uff1a\u5168\u6587\u5728\u672c\u7ad9\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u5747\u7531\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u4e0e\u60a8\u9884\u8bbe\u7acb\u573a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fbd\u89c2\u51fa\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u672a\u5bf9\u6b64\u4f5c\u51fa\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8bf7\u60a8\u7406\u6027\u770b\u5f85\u3002<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a>
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u793a\u8bf4\u660e\u7528\u9014<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u79ef\u4f53\u7535\u8def\u5236\u9020\u6761\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u64b7\u53d6\u81ea2022\u5e74\u5ea6\u62a5\u544a<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

A. \u6b63\u6587\uff08\u5168\u6587\u5728\u672c\u7ad9\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u3010\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u6d88\u6b67\u4e49\u63d0\u793a\u3011Not to be confused with Taiwan Semiconductor Company Limited<\/a>.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u79ef\u4f53\u7535\u8def\u5236\u9020\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff08TSMC\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u53f0\u6e7e\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff08TSMC\uff09\u4e0d\u8981\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0. \u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a>
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1aOne of TSMC’s factories in Taichung’s Central Taiwan Science Park
\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5728\u53f0\u4e2d\u4e2d\u90e8\u53f0\u6e7e\u79d1\u5b66\u56ed\u533a\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u4e4b\u4e00<\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aBri\u00e1xis F. Mendes (\u5b5f\u5fc5\u601d)<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

0.1 \u6587\u5b57\u8bf4\u660e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u53f0\u6e7e\u79ef\u4f53\u7535\u8def\u5236\u9020\u516c\u53f8<\/strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1aTaiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited\uff09\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0TSMC<\/strong>\u3001\u53f0\u79ef\u7535<\/strong>\u3001\u53f0\u79ef<\/strong>\u6216\u53f0\u79ef\u516c\u53f8<\/strong>[3]<\/a>\uff0c\u4e0e\u65d7\u4e0b\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u79f0\u65f6\u5219\u79f0\u4f5c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u96c6\u56e2<\/strong>[4]<\/a>[5]<\/a>\uff0c\u4e3a\u53f0\u6e7e<\/a>\u4e00\u5bb6\u4ece\u4e8b\u6676\u5706\u4ee3\u5de5<\/a>\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u65b0\u7af9\u79d1\u5b66\u56ed\u533a<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2021\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u8d22\u5bcc<\/a>\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u8bc4\u9009\u201c\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927500\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u201d\u6392\u884c\u699c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f9d\u8425\u6536\u89c4\u6a21\u540d\u5217\u5168\u7403\u7b2c251\u540d[6]<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited<\/strong> (TSMC<\/strong>; also called Taiwan Semiconductor<\/strong>)[4]<\/a>[5]<\/a> is a Taiwanese multinational<\/a> semiconductor<\/a> contract manufacturing and design company. It is the world’s second most valuable semiconductor company,[6]<\/a> the world’s largest dedicated<\/a> independent (“pure-play<\/a>“) semiconductor foundry<\/a>,[7]<\/a> and its country’s largest company,[8]<\/a>[9]<\/a> with headquarters and main operations located in the Hsinchu Science Park<\/a> in Hsinchu<\/a>, Taiwan. It is majority owned by foreign investors,[10]<\/a> and the central government of Taiwan<\/a> is the largest shareholder.[11]<\/a> In 2023, the company was ranked 44th in the Forbes Global 2000<\/a>.[12]<\/a>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u53f0\u6e7e\u79ef\u4f53\u7535\u8def\u5236\u9020\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff08TSMC\uff1b\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u53f0\u6e7e\u79ef\u4f53\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u53f0\u6e7e\u8de8\u56fd\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4ee3\u5de5\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u5e02\u503c\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\uff08\u201c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u4ee3\u5de5\u201d\uff09\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6676\u5706\u5382\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53f0\u6e7e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u603b\u90e8\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u65b0\u7af9\u79d1\u5b66\u56ed\u533a\u3002\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u80a1\u6743\u7531\u5916\u56fd\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u6301\u6709\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u80a1\u4e1c\u3002\u52302023\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u300a\u798f\u5e03\u65af\u5168\u74032000\u5f3a\u300b\u6392\u540d\u7b2c44\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TSMC was founded in Taiwan in 1987 by Morris Chang<\/a> as the world’s first dedicated semiconductor foundry. It has long been the leading company in its field.[13]<\/a>[14]<\/a><\/sup> When Chang retired in 2018, after 31 years of TSMC leadership, Mark Liu became chairman and C. C. Wei became Chief Executive.[15]<\/a>[16]<\/a><\/sup> It has been listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange<\/a> (TWSE: 2330) since 1993; in 1997 it became the first Taiwanese company to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange<\/a> (NYSE: TSM). Since 1994, TSMC has had a compound annual growth rate<\/a> (CAGR) of 17.4% in revenue and a CAGR of 16.1% in earnings.[17]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1987\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u5f20\u5fe0\u8c0b\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u521b\u7acb\uff0c\u662f\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4ee3\u5de5\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u9886\u5148\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u5f20\u5fe0\u8c0b\u5728\u62c5\u4efb\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u9886\u5bfc31\u5e74\u540e\u4e8e2018\u5e74\u9000\u4f11\uff0c\u7531\u5218\u5fb7\u97f3\u62c5\u4efb\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\uff0c\u9b4f\u54f2\u5bb6\u62c5\u4efb\u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98\u3002\u81ea1993\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u8bc1\u5238\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u4e0a\u5e02\uff08\u80a1\u7968\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a2330\uff09\uff1b1997\u5e74\uff0c\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u9996\u5bb6\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u8bc1\u5238\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u4e0a\u5e02\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u516c\u53f8\uff08\u80a1\u7968\u4ee3\u7801\uff1aTSM\uff09\u3002\u81ea1994\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u8425\u6536\u5e74\u590d\u5408\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a17.4%\uff0c\u76c8\u5229\u5e74\u590d\u5408\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a16.1%\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Most of the leading fabless<\/a> semiconductor companies such as AMD<\/a>, Apple<\/a>, ARM<\/a>, Broadcom<\/a>, Marvell<\/a>, MediaTek<\/a>, Qualcomm<\/a> and Nvidia<\/a>, are customers of TSMC, as are emerging companies such as Allwinner Technology<\/a>, HiSilicon<\/a>, Spectra7, and UNISOC<\/a>.[18]<\/a><\/sup> Leading programmable logic device<\/a> companies Xilinx<\/a> and previously Altera<\/a> also make or made use of TSMC’s foundry services.[19]<\/a><\/sup> Some integrated device manufacturers<\/a> that have their own fabrication facilities<\/a>, such as Intel<\/a>, NXP<\/a>, STMicroelectronics<\/a> and Texas Instruments<\/a>, outsource some of their production to TSMC.[20]<\/a>[21]<\/a><\/sup> At least one semiconductor company, LSI<\/a>, re-sells TSMC wafers through its ASIC<\/a> design services and design IP<\/a> portfolio.[dubious<\/a> \u2013 discuss<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9886\u5148\u7684\u65e0\u6676\u5713\u5382\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5982AMD\u3001Apple\u3001ARM\u3001Broadcom\u3001Marvell\u3001\u8054\u53d1\u79d1\u3001\u9ad8\u901a\u548c\u82f1\u4f1f\u8fbe\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u65b0\u5174\u516c\u53f8\u5982\u5168\u5fd7\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u6d77\u601d\u3001Spectra7\u548c\u5c55\u8baf\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u5ba2\u6237\u3002\u9886\u5148\u7684\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u903b\u8f91\u5668\u4ef6\u516c\u53f8\u8d5b\u7075\u601d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u524d\u7684Altera\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u66fe\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u4ee3\u5de5\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u9020\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u5668\u4ef6\u5236\u9020\u5546\uff0c\u5982\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u3001\u6069\u667a\u6d66\u3001\u610f\u6cd5\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u548c\u5fb7\u5dde\u4eea\u5668\uff0c\u5c06\u90e8\u5206\u751f\u4ea7\u5916\u5305\u7ed9\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u5bb6\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u516c\u53f8LSI\u901a\u8fc7\u5176ASIC\u8bbe\u8ba1\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1IP\u7ec4\u5408\u91cd\u65b0\u9500\u552e\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u6676\u5706\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TSMC has a global capacity of about thirteen million 300 mm-equivalent wafers per year as of 2020 and makes chips for customers with process nodes from 2 microns to 3 nanometres<\/a>. TSMC was the first foundry to market 7-nanometre<\/a> and 5-nanometre<\/a> (used by the 2020 Apple A14<\/a> and M1<\/a> SoCs<\/a>, the MediaTek Dimensity 8100<\/a>, and AMD Ryzen 7000<\/a> series processors) production capabilities, and the first to commercialize extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography<\/a> technology in high volume.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u622a\u81f32020\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u5168\u7403\u4ea7\u80fd\u7ea6\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5e741300\u4e07\u7247300\u6beb\u7c73\u7b49\u6548\u6676\u5706\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u8282\u70b9\u4ece2\u5fae\u7c73\u52303\u7eb3\u7c73\u7684\u82af\u7247\u3002\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u51fa7\u7eb3\u7c73\u548c5\u7eb3\u7c73\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4ee3\u5de5\u5382\uff082020\u5e74\u82f9\u679cA14\u548cM1 SoC\u3001\u8054\u53d1\u79d1\u5929\u73918100\u548cAMD\u9510\u9f997000\u7cfb\u5217\u5904\u7406\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u4e865\u7eb3\u7c73\u5de5\u827a\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u6781\u7d2b\u5916\uff08EUV\uff09\u5149\u523b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4ee3\u5de5\u5382\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0.2 \u6982\u51b5\u8868\u683c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u5546\u4e1a\u540d\u79f0<\/a><\/th>\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\uff08TSMC\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u516c\u53f8\u7c7b\u578b<\/a><\/th>\u4e0a\u5e02\u516c\u53f8<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u80a1\u7968\u4ee3\u53f7<\/a><\/th>\u53f0\u8bc1\u6240<\/a>\uff1a2330<\/strong><\/a>
\uff081994\u5e749\u67085\u65e5\u4e0a\u5e02\uff09
NYSE<\/a>\uff1aTSM<\/a>
\uff081997\u5e7410\u670820\u65e5\u4e0a\u5e02\uff09
LSE<\/a>\uff1a0LCV<\/a>
FWB<\/a>\uff1aTSFA<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
ISIN<\/a><\/th>US8740391003<\/a><\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u7edf\u4e00\u7f16\u53f7<\/a><\/th>22099131<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u6210\u7acb<\/th>1987\u5e742\u670821\u65e5<\/td><\/tr>
\u521b\u529e\u4eba<\/a><\/th>\u5f20\u5fe0\u8c0b<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269<\/th>\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\uff1a\u5218\u5fb7\u97f3<\/a>
\u526f\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\u517c\u603b\u88c1\uff1a\u9b4f\u54f2\u5bb6<\/a>
\u6267\u884c\u526f\u603b\u7ecf\u7406
\u66a8\u5171\u540c\u9996\u5e2d\u8fd0\u8425\u5b98\uff1a\u7c73\u7389\u6770<\/a>\u3001\u79e6\u6c38\u6c9b<\/a><\/small><\/td><\/tr>
\u603b\u90e8<\/th>\u53f0\u6e7e<\/a> 300096
\u65b0\u7af9\u5e02<\/a>\u4e1c\u533a<\/a>\u529b\u884c\u516d\u8def8\u53f7<\/td><\/tr>
\u6807\u8bed\u53e3\u53f7<\/th>\u8bda\u4fe1\u6b63\u76f4.\u627f\u8bfa.\u521b\u65b0.\u5ba2\u6237\u4fe1\u4efb<\/td><\/tr>
\u4e1a\u52a1\u8303\u56f4<\/th>\"\" \u5168\u4e16\u754c<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u4ea7\u4e1a<\/a><\/th>\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u4ea7\u54c1<\/th>\u6676\u5706\u4ee3\u5de5\u670d\u52a1<\/td><\/tr>
\u8425\u4e1a\u989d<\/a> | revenue<\/th>\"Decrease\" US$<\/a>71.28 billion (2023)\u3010\u51cf\u5c11\u5230712.8\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff082023\u5e74\uff09\u3011<\/td><\/tr>
\u606f\u7a0e\u524d\u5229\u6da6<\/a> | operating income<\/th>\"Increase\" US$36.49 billion (2022) \u3010\u589e\u52a0\u5230364.9\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff082022\u5e74\uff09\u3011<\/td><\/tr>
\u51c0\u5229\u6da6<\/a> | net income<\/th>\"Decrease\" US$27.67 billion (2023)\u3010\u51cf\u5c11\u5230276.7\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff082023\u5e74\uff09\u3011<\/td><\/tr>
\u603b\u8d44\u4ea7<\/a> | total assets<\/th>\"Increase\" US$161.6 billion (2022)\u3010\u589e\u52a0\u52301616\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff082022\u5e74\uff09\u3011<\/td><\/tr>
\u8d44\u4ea7\u51c0\u503c<\/a> | total equity<\/th>\"Increase\" US$94.95 billion (2022)\u3010\u589e\u52a0\u5230949.5\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff082022\u5e74\uff09\u3011<\/td><\/tr>
\u5458\u5de5\u4eba\u6570<\/th>\"Increase\" 73,090 (2022)\u3010\u589e\u52a0\u523073,090\uff082022\u5e74\uff09\u3011<\/td><\/tr>
\u5b9e\u6536\u8d44\u672c\u989d<\/a><\/th>\u65b0\u53f0\u5e01259,303,804,580\u5143<\/td><\/tr>
\u5e02\u503c<\/a><\/th>\u25b2\u65b0\u53f0\u5e0114.29\u5146\u5143\uff082023\u5e748\u670810\u65e5\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u6bcf\u80a1\u76c8\u5229<\/th>\u25b2\u65b0\u53f0\u5e0123.01\u5143\uff082021\u5e74\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u6bcf\u80a1\u8d44\u4ea7\u51c0\u503c<\/th>\u25b2\u65b0\u53f0\u5e0196.27\u5143\uff082022\u5e74Q2\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u4e3b\u8981\u80a1\u4e1c<\/th>\u7f8e\u56fd\u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c<\/a>\u6258\u7ba1\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5b58\u6258\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e13\u6237\uff0820.52%\uff09
\u56fd\u53d1\u4f1a<\/a>\uff086.38%\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u4e3b\u8981\u5b50\u516c\u53f8<\/a><\/th>30\u5bb6[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr>
\u7f51\u7ad9<\/th>www.tsmc.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5386\u53f2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1.1 1970-2000\u5e74\u4ee3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1974\u5e74\u65f6\u4efb\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u90e8<\/a>\u90e8\u957f\u7684\u5b59\u8fd0\u74bf<\/a>\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f15\u8fdb\u96c6\u6210\u7535\u8def\u5236\u9020\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u4e1a\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\uff08\u4eca\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6240\uff09\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u96c6\u6210\u7535\u8def\u5de5\u4e1a\u7814\u53d1\uff0c\u7531\u7ecf\u6d4e\u90e8\u51fa\u8d441000\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684RCA<\/a>\u6280\u672f\u79fb\u8f6c\u8ba1\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1986, Li Kwoh-ting<\/a>, representing the Executive Yuan<\/a>, invited Morris Chang to serve as the president of the Industrial Technology Research Institute<\/a> (ITRI) and offered him a blank check to build Taiwan’s chip industry. At that time, the Taiwanese government wanted to develop its semiconductor industry, but its high investment and high risk nature made it difficult to find investors. Texas Instruments<\/a> and Intel<\/a> turned down Chang. Only Philips<\/a> was willing to sign a joint venture contract with Taiwan to put up $58 million, transfer its production technology, and license intellectual property in exchange for a 27.5 percent stake in TSMC. Alongside generous tax benefits, the Taiwanese government provided another 48 percent of the startup capital for TSMC, and the rest of the capital was raised from several of the island’s wealthiest families, who owned firms that specialized in plastics, textiles, and chemicals. These wealthy Taiwanese were directly “asked” by the government to invest. “What generally happened was that one of the ministers in the government would call a businessman in Taiwan,” Chang explained, “to get him to invest.” From day one, TSMC was not really a private business: it was a project of the Taiwanese state.[22]<\/a>[23]<\/a>[24]<\/a><\/sup> Its first CEO was James E. Dykes, who left after a year and Morris Chang became the CEO.[25]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111986\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u884c\u653f\u9662\u7684\u674e\u56fd\u9f0e\u9080\u8bf7\u5f20\u5fe0\u8c0b\u62c5\u4efb\u5de5\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff08ITRI\uff09\u7684\u603b\u88c1\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5f20\u7a7a\u767d\u652f\u7968\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u82af\u7247\u4ea7\u4e1a\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u653f\u5e9c\u5e0c\u671b\u53d1\u5c55\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u9ad8\u6295\u8d44\u548c\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u5f88\u96be\u627e\u5230\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u3002\u5fb7\u5dde\u4eea\u5668\u548c\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u90fd\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u5f20\u5fe0\u8c0b\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u98de\u5229\u6d66\u613f\u610f\u4e0e\u53f0\u6e7e\u7b7e\u7f72\u5408\u8d44\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b5800\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u8f6c\u8ba9\u5176\u751f\u4ea7\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u6388\u6743\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\uff0c\u4ee5\u6362\u53d6TSMC 27.5%\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6177\u6168\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\u4f18\u60e0\u5916\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9bTSMC\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\u7684\u53e6\u591648%\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u8d44\u672c\u5219\u6765\u81ea\u8be5\u5c9b\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e2a\u6700\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u4ece\u4e8b\u5851\u6599\u3001\u7eba\u7ec7\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bcc\u88d5\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u653f\u5e9c\u201c\u8981\u6c42\u201d\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u3002\u5f20\u5fe0\u8c0b\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u90e8\u957f\u4f1a\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u5546\u4eba\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ed6\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u201d\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\uff0cTSMC\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u79c1\u8425\u4f01\u4e1a\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98\u662f\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7E\u00b7\u6234\u514b\u65af\uff08James E. Dykes\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u5f20\u5fe0\u8c0b\u6210\u4e3a\u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1994\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u8bc1\u5238\u4ea4\u6613\u6240<\/a>\u6302\u724c\u4e0a\u5e02\u30021997\u5e74\uff0c\u8d74\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u8bc1\u5238\u4ea4\u6613\u6240<\/a>\uff08NYSE\uff09\u53d1\u884c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b58\u6258\u8bc1\u4e66<\/a>\uff08ADR\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5TSM\u4e3a\u4ee3\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb\u6302\u724c\u4ea4\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1998\u5e74\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u6587\u6559\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u671f\u671b\u900f\u8fc7\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u53c2\u4e0e\u5404\u9879\u6559\u80b2\u6587\u5316\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u76ca\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u53cd\u9988\u793e\u4f1a\u3002[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2 2000-2010\u5e74\u4ee3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Since then, the company has continued to grow, albeit subject to the cycles of demand. In 2011, the company planned to increase research and development expenditures by almost 39% to NT$<\/a>50 billion to fend off growing competition.[26]<\/a><\/sup> The company also planned to expand capacity by 30% in 2011 to meet strong market demand.[27]<\/a><\/sup> In May 2014, TSMC’s board of directors approved capital appropriations of US$568 million to increase and improve manufacturing capabilities after the company forecast higher than expected demand.[28]<\/a><\/sup> In August 2014, TSMC’s board of directors approved additional capital appropriations of US$3.05 billion.[29]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u81ea\u90a3\u65f6\u8d77\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7ee7\u7eed\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53d7\u5230\u9700\u6c42\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u30022011\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u8ba1\u5212\u5c06\u7814\u53d1\u652f\u51fa\u589e\u52a0\u8fd139%\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230500\u4ebf\u5143\u65b0\u53f0\u5e01\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u538b\u529b\u3002\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u8fd8\u8ba1\u5212\u57282011\u5e74\u5c06\u4ea7\u80fd\u6269\u592730%\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5f3a\u52b2\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u9700\u6c42\u30022014\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u8463\u4e8b\u4f1a\u6279\u51c6\u62e8\u6b3e5.68\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u516c\u53f8\u9884\u6d4b\u9700\u6c42\u9ad8\u4e8e\u9884\u671f\u30022014\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u8463\u4e8b\u4f1a\u53c8\u6279\u51c6\u989d\u5916\u62e8\u6b3e30.5\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2011, it was reported that TSMC had begun trial production of the A5<\/a> SoC and A6<\/a> SoCs for Apple’s iPad<\/a> and iPhone<\/a> devices.[30]<\/a>[31]<\/a><\/sup> According to reports,[32]<\/a><\/sup> in May 2014 Apple sourced its A8<\/a> and A8X<\/a> SoCs from TSMC.[33]<\/a>[34]<\/a><\/sup> Apple then sourced the A9<\/a> SoC with both TSMC and Samsung (to increase volume for iPhone 6S<\/a> launch) and the A9X<\/a> exclusively with TSMC, thus resolving the issue of sourcing a chip in two different microarchitecture<\/a> sizes. As of 2014, Apple was TSMC’s most important customer.[34]<\/a>[35]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112011\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u62a5\u9053\u79f0\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u82f9\u679c\u7684iPad\u548ciPhone\u8bbe\u5907\u8bd5\u751f\u4ea7A5 SoC\u548cA6 SoC\u3002\u636e\u62a5\u9053\uff0c2014\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u82f9\u679c\u4ece\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u91c7\u8d2d\u4e86A8\u548cA8X SoC\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u82f9\u679c\u4e3a\u4e86\u589e\u52a0iPhone 6S\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ece\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u548c\u4e09\u661f\u91c7\u8d2d\u4e86A9 SoC\uff0c\u800cA9X\u5219\u4e13\u95e8\u4ece\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u91c7\u8d2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5fae\u67b6\u6784\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u82af\u7247\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u622a\u81f32014\u5e74\uff0c\u82f9\u679c\u662f\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In October 2014, ARM<\/a> and TSMC announced a new multi-year agreement for the development of ARM based 10 nm FinFET<\/a> processors.[36]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112014\u5e7410\u6708\uff0cARM\u548c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u65b0\u7684\u591a\u5e74\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u57fa\u4e8eARM\u67b6\u6784\u768410\u7eb3\u7c73FinFET\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2015\u5e74\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u6708\u4ea7\u80fd\u8fbe189\u4e07\u72478\u82f1\u5bf8\u7ea6\u5f53\u6676\u5706\uff0c\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u903b\u8f91IC\u4ea7\u80fd\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5382[8]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d74\u4e2d\u56fd\uff08\u5927\u9646\uff09\u8bbe\u5382<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5728\u672c\u5730\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ad9\uff0c\u662f\u524d\u5f80\u4e0a\u6d77\u521b\u529e\u7684\u5341\u5382\uff0c\u4ee5\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u767e\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6301\u6709\uff0c\u65b0\u6676\u5706\u5382\u4e5f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u603b\u90e8\u30022016\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9996\u5ea712\u82f1\u5bf8\u5927\u578b\u6676\u5706\u5382\u6b63\u5f0f\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u5e02<\/a>\u5ba3\u5e03\u52a8\u5de5[9]<\/a><\/sup>\uff0c\u9879\u76ee2018\u5e74\u6295\u4ea7[10]<\/a><\/sup>\u30022021\u5e74\u8be5\u5382\u518d\u83b7\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u6269\u4ea7\u9636\u6bb5[11]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e02\u503c\u8d85\u8d8aIBM\u4e0e\u82f1\u7279\u5c14<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2016\u5e749\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5e02\u503c\u9996\u5ea6\u8d85\u8d8a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7535\u5b50\u5de8\u64d8IBM<\/a>[12]<\/a><\/sup>\u30022017\u5e743\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5e02\u503c\u9996\u5ea6\u8d85\u8d8a\u7f8e\u56fd\u82af\u7247\u5de8\u64d8\u82f1\u7279\u5c14<\/a>[13]<\/a><\/sup>\u30029\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5ba3\u5e03\u672a\u67653\u7eb3\u7c73\u5de5\u827a\u6676\u5706\u5382\uff0c\u843d\u811a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5357\u90e8\u79d1\u5b66\u56ed\u533a<\/a>\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u6700\u5feb2022\u5e74\u91cf\u4ea7[14]<\/a><\/sup>\u300210\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\u5f20\u5fe0\u8c0b\u5ba3\u5e03\u5c06\u4e8e2018\u5e746\u6708\u4efd\u5378\u4efb\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\u548c\u603b\u88c1\uff0c\u5c4a\u65f6\u5c06\u7531\u5218\u5fb7\u97f3\u63a5\u4efb\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\u3001\u9b4f\u54f2\u5bb6\u63a5\u4efb\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u603b\u88c1\u3002[15]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3 2020\u5e74\u4ee3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
1.3.1 \u4e2d\u7f8e\u8d38\u6613\u6218\u548c\u6b27\u7f8e\u5efa\u5382<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u6761\u76ee\uff1a\u4e2d\u7f8e\u8d38\u6613\u6218<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2019\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u5546\u52a1\u90e8<\/a>\u5ba3\u5e03\u65b0\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u51e1\u4f7f\u7528\u7f8e\u56fd\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u83b7\u53d6\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u5c06\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u7f51\u901a\u8bbe\u5907\u5de8\u5934\u5382\u5546\u534e\u4e3a<\/a>\u53ca\u65d7\u4e0b\u6570\u767e\u5bb6\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u7eb3\u5165\u51fa\u53e3\u7ba1\u5236\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u534e\u4e3a\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\u5f53\u5c40\u6838\u51c6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7f8e\u56fd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u8d2d\u4e70\u96f6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u65f6\u5e02\u573a\u7814\u5224\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6709\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u5341\u4e94\u662f\u534e\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2020\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5f00\u59cb\u5f80\u6b27\u6d32\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5efa\u9020\u65b0\u5de5\u5382\u96c6\uff0c\u5c06\u8d74\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e9a\u5229\u6851\u90a3\u5dde\u8bbe\u5382\uff0c\u6295\u51651000\u4ebf\u5143[16]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002\u521b\u529e\u4eba\u5f20\u5fe0\u8c0b<\/a>\u57284\u6708\u4efd\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\uff0c\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u4f4f\u548c\u91cd\u89c6\u53f0\u79ef\u7535[17]<\/a><\/sup>\u30022023\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u65b0\u7af9\u53bf\u5b9d\u5c71\u4e61\u7684\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5168\u7403\u7814\u53d1\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6fc0\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d74\u5fb7\u56fd\u8bbe\u5382\u5236\u9020<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2023\u5e748\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u4e0e\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u535a\u4e16\u516c\u53f8\uff08Robert Bosch GmbH\uff09\u3001\u82f1\u98de\u51cc\u79d1\u6280\u80a1\u4efd\u516c\u53f8\uff08Infineon Technologies AG\uff09\u548c\u6069\u667a\u6d66\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\uff08 NXP Semiconductors N.V.\uff09\u5408\u4f5c\u6295\u8d44\u201c\u6b27\u6d32\u96c6\u6210\u7535\u8def\u5236\u9020\u201d\uff08European Semiconductor Manufacturing Company\uff0cESMC\uff09\u54c1\u724c[18]<\/a><\/sup>\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u5148\u8fdb\u6c7d\u8f66\u82af\u7247\uff0c\u89c4\u6a21\u4f9d\u636e\u6b27\u6d32\u82af\u7247\u6cd5\u6848<\/a>\uff08European Chips Act\uff09\u5ba1\u6838\u4e3a\u5b9a[19]<\/a><\/sup>\uff0c\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u5fb7\u7d2f\u65af\u987f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6676\u5706\u5382\u8fdb\u884c\u5236\u9020[20]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d74\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bbe\u76f4\u8425\u5382<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2020\u5e745\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5ba3\u5e03\u5c06\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bbe\u7acb\u65b0\u5382\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u65a5\u8d44120\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb5\u7eb3\u7c73\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u6676\u5706\u5382\uff0c\u573a\u5740\u5728\u4e9a\u5229\u6851\u90a3\u5dde<\/a>\u83f2\u5c3c\u514b\u65af<\/a>\u3002\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u4e9a\u5229\u6851\u90a3\u5dde\u5382\u5360\u5730\u7ea6445\u516c\u9877\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u603b\u6295\u8d44\u91d1\u989d\u7ea6400\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u53f2\u4e0a\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6295\u8d44\u6848\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e8e2021\u5e744\u6708\u52a8\u5de5\uff0c2022\u5e7412\u67086\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\u9996\u6279\u673a\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u5230\u5382\u5178\u793c\uff0c2025\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u91cf\u4ea7[21]<\/a><\/sup> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8d74\u65e5\u672c\u8bbe\u5382<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2021\u5e7410\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u83b7\u5f97\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4e5d\u5dde<\/a>\u4e4b\u5f00\u8bbe\u6676\u5706\u4ee3\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u8be5\u5382\u4e3a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u201c\u65e5\u672c\u5148\u8fdb\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5236\u9020\u201d\uff08Japan Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing\uff0cJASM\uff09\uff0c\u5408\u8d44\u7684JASM\u4f1a\u4e3a\u53f0\u79ef\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5f53\u5730\u751f\u4ea7\u4e4b\u7684\u4ee3\u5de5\u670d\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u4ee522\u7eb3\u7c73\u81f328\u7eb3\u7c73\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c2022\u5e74\u718a\u672c (\u4e00)\u5382\u5f00\u5de5[22]<\/a><\/sup>\u30012024\u5e742\u6708\u5b8c\u5de5\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff1b2024\u5e742\u6708\u518d\u5ba3\u5e03\u5c06\u5efa\u718a\u672c\u4e8c\u5382[23]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3.2 \u4f01\u4e1a\u7ecf\u8425\u60c5\u51b5<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

In 2020, TSMC became the first semiconductor company in the world to sign up for the RE100<\/a> initiative, pledging to use 100% renewable energy<\/a> by 2050.[37]<\/a><\/sup> TSMC accounts for roughly 5% of the energy consumption in Taiwan, even exceeding that of the capital city Taipei. This initiative was thus expected to accelerate the transformation to renewable energy in the country.[38]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u57282020\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u7b7e\u7f72RE100\u5021\u8bae\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u627f\u8bfa\u52302050\u5e74\u5b9e\u73b0100%\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90\u3002\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7ea6\u5360\u636e\u53f0\u6e7e\u80fd\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u76845%\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u8fc7\u53f0\u6e7e\u9996\u90fd\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5021\u8bae\u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u52a0\u901f\u53f0\u6e7e\u5411\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For 2020, TSMC had a net income of US$17.60 billion on a consolidated revenue of US$45.51 billion, an increase of 57.5% and 31.4% respectively from the 2019 level of US$11.18 billion net income and US$34.63 billion consolidated revenue.[39]<\/a><\/sup> Its market capitalization<\/a> was over $550 billion[clarification needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup> in April 2021.[citation needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup> TSMC’s revenue in the first quarter of 2020 reached US$10 billion,[40]<\/a><\/sup> while its market capitalization was US$254 billion.[41]<\/a><\/sup> TSMC’s market capitalization reached a value of NT$1.9 trillion (US$63.4 billion) in December 2010.[42]<\/a><\/sup> It was ranked 70th in the FT Global 500<\/a> 2013 list of the world’s most highly valued companies with a capitalization of US$86.7 billion,[43]<\/a><\/sup> while reaching US$110 billion in May 2014.[41]<\/a><\/sup> In March 2017, TSMC’s market capitalization surpassed that of semiconductor giant Intel<\/a> for the first time, hitting NT$5.14 trillion (US$168.4 billion), with Intel’s at US$165.7 billion.[44]<\/a><\/sup> On 27 June 2020, TSMC briefly became the world’s 10th most valuable company, with a market capitalization of US$410 billion.[45]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u622a\u81f32020\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u51c0\u5229\u6da6\u4e3a176\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u8425\u6536\u4e3a455.1\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6bd42019\u5e74\u7684\u51c0\u5229\u6da6111.8\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u548c\u5408\u5e76\u8425\u6536346.3\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u589e\u957f\u4e8657.5%\u548c31.4%\u30022021\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u5e02\u503c\u8d85\u8fc75500\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u30022020\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b63\u5ea6\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u8425\u6536\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86100\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5e02\u503c\u4e3a2540\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u30022010\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u5e02\u503c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e861.9\u4e07\u4ebf\u65b0\u53f0\u5e01\uff08634\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u30022013\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5728FT\u5168\u7403500\u5f3a\u4e2d\u6392\u540d\u7b2c70\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e02\u503c\u4e3a867\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff1b2014\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u5e02\u503c\u589e\u81f31,100\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u30022017\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u5e02\u503c\u9996\u6b21\u8d85\u8fc7\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5de8\u5934\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e865.14\u4e07\u4ebf\u65b0\u53f0\u5e01\uff081684\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u7684\u5e02\u503c\u4e3a1657\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u30022020\u5e746\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u77ed\u6682\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u5341\u5927\u5e02\u503c\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5e02\u503c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e864100\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In June 2021, following nearly a year of public controversy surrounding its COVID-19 vaccine shortage<\/a>,[51]<\/a>[52]<\/a>[53]<\/a>[54]<\/a><\/sup> with only about 10% of its 23.5 million population vaccinated;[51]<\/a><\/sup> Taiwan agreed to allow TSMC and Foxconn<\/a> to jointly negotiate purchasing COVID-19 vaccines<\/a> on its behalf.[53]<\/a>[51]<\/a><\/sup> In July 2021, BioNTech<\/a>‘s Chinese sales agent Fosun Pharma<\/a> announced that the two technology manufacturers had reached an agreement to purchase 10 million BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines<\/a> from Germany.[53]<\/a>[51]<\/a><\/sup> TSMC and Foxconn pledged to each buy five million doses for up to $175 million,[53]<\/a><\/sup> for donation to Taiwan’s vaccination program.[51]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112021\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u8fd1\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u5173\u4e8eCOVID-19\u75ab\u82d7\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4ec5\u6709\u5927\u7ea62350\u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u7ea610%\u63a5\u79cd\u4e86\u75ab\u82d7\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u540c\u610f\u8ba9\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u548c\u5bcc\u58eb\u5eb7\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u5171\u540c\u534f\u5546\u8d2d\u4e70COVID-19\u75ab\u82d7\u30022021\u5e747\u6708\uff0cBioNTech\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9500\u552e\u4ee3\u7406\u590d\u5b8f\u667a\u6c47\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u5bb6\u79d1\u6280\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5df2\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4ece\u5fb7\u56fd\u8d2d\u4e701000\u4e07\u5242BioNTech COVID-19\u75ab\u82d7\u3002\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u548c\u5bcc\u58eb\u5eb7\u627f\u8bfa\u5206\u522b\u8d2d\u4e70500\u4e07\u5242\uff0c\u603b\u8ba1\u6700\u9ad81750\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u6350\u8d60\u7ed9\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u75ab\u82d7\u63a5\u79cd\u8ba1\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Due to the 2020\u20132023 global semiconductor shortage<\/a>, Taiwanese competitor United Microelectronics<\/a> raised prices approximately 7\u20139 percent, and prices for TSMC’s more mature processors will be raised by about 20 percent.[55]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u7531\u4e8e2020\u5e74\u81f32023\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\u8054\u7535\u5c06\u4ef7\u683c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7ea67-9\uff05\uff0c\u800c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u66f4\u6210\u719f\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u5c06\u63d0\u9ad8\u7ea620\uff05\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In November 2021, TSMC and Sony<\/a> announced that TSMC would be establishing a new subsidiary named Japan Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing<\/a> [ja<\/a>; zh<\/a>] (JASM) in Kumamoto<\/a>, Japan. The new subsidiary will manufacture 22- and 28-nanometer processes. The initial investment will be approximately $7 billion, with Sony investing approximately $500 million for a less than 20% stake. Construction of the fabrication plant is expected to start in 2022, with production targeted to begin two years later in 2024.[56]<\/a>[57]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112021\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u548c\u7d22\u5c3c\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5c06\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u718a\u672c\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5148\u8fdb\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5236\u9020\uff08JASM\uff09\u7684\u65b0\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u8fd9\u5bb6\u65b0\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u5c06\u751f\u4ea722\u7eb3\u7c73\u548c28\u7eb3\u7c73\u5de5\u827a\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u6295\u8d44\u7ea6\u4e3a70\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u7d22\u5c3c\u5c06\u6295\u8d44\u7ea65\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u6301\u6709\u4e0d\u523020\uff05\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u3002\u8be5\u751f\u4ea7\u5382\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u4e8e2022\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u8ba1\u5212\u4e8e2024\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In February 2022, TSMC, Sony Semiconductor Solutions, and Denso<\/a> announced that Denso would take a more than 10% equity stake in JASM with a US$0.35 billion investment, amid a scarcity of chips for automobiles.[58]<\/a>[59]<\/a>[60]<\/a><\/sup> TSMC will also enhance JASM’s capabilities with 12\/16 nanometer FinFET process technology in addition to the previously announced 22\/28 nanometer process and increase monthly production capacity from 45,000 to 55,000 12-inch wafers.[58]<\/a>[59]<\/a>[60]<\/a><\/sup> The total capital expenditure for JASM’s Kumamoto fab is estimated to be approximately US$8.6 billion.[58]<\/a>[59]<\/a>[60]<\/a><\/sup> The Japanese government wants JASM to supply essential chips to Japan’s electronic device makers and auto companies as trade friction between the United States and China threatens to disrupt supply chains<\/a>.[58]<\/a>[59]<\/a>[60]<\/a><\/sup> The fab is expected to directly create about 1,700 high-tech professional jobs.[58]<\/a>[59]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u57282022\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u3001\u7d22\u5c3c\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u7535\u88c5\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u6c7d\u8f66\u82af\u7247\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7535\u88c5\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u6295\u8d443.5\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u6301\u6709\u8d85\u8fc710%\u7684JASM\u80a1\u6743\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4e4b\u524d\u5ba3\u5e03\u768422\/28\u7eb3\u7c73\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u8fd8\u5c06\u5229\u752812\/16\u7eb3\u7c73FinFET\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u672f\u589e\u5f3aJASM\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6708\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u4ece45,000\u724712\u82f1\u5bf8\u6676\u5706\u589e\u52a0\u523055,000\u7247\u3002JASM\u718a\u672c\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u603b\u8d44\u672c\u652f\u51fa\u9884\u8ba1\u7ea6\u4e3a86\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5e0c\u671bJASM\u5411\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u8bbe\u5907\u5236\u9020\u5546\u548c\u6c7d\u8f66\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u82af\u7247\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u6469\u64e6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6270\u4e71\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u3002\u9884\u8ba1\u8be5\u5de5\u5382\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u521b\u9020\u7ea61700\u4e2a\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\u4e13\u4e1a\u5c97\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In July 2022, TSMC announced the company had posted a record profit in the second quarter, with net income up 76.4 percent year-over-year. The company saw steady growth in the automotive and data center sectors with some weakness in the consumer market. Some of the capital expenditures<\/a> are projected to be pushed up to 2023.[61]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112022\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5ba3\u5e03\u516c\u53f8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b63\u5ea6\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u521b\u7eaa\u5f55\u7684\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u51c0\u5229\u6da6\u540c\u6bd4\u589e\u957f76.4\uff05\u3002\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u6c7d\u8f66\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9886\u57df\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u5e02\u573a\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u75b2\u8f6f\u3002\u9884\u8ba1\u90e8\u5206\u8d44\u672c\u652f\u51fa\u5c06\u63a8\u8fdf\u81f32023\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the third quarter of 2022, Berkshire Hathaway<\/a> disclosed purchase of 60 million shares in TSMC, acquiring a $4.1 billion stake, making it one of its largest holdings in a technology company.[62]<\/a><\/sup> However, Berkshire sold off 86.2% of its stake by the next quarter citing geopolitical tensions as a factor.[63]<\/a>[64]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u57282022\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b63\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f2f\u514b\u5e0c\u5c14-\u54c8\u6492\u97e6\u516c\u53f8\u62ab\u9732\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u53f0\u79ef\u75356000\u4e07\u80a1\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4ef7\u503c41\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u5728\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6301\u80a1\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b63\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f2f\u514b\u5e0c\u5c14\u51fa\u552e\u4e86\u517686.2\uff05\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\uff0c\u79f0\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u7d27\u5f20\u5c40\u52bf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In February 2024, TSMC shares<\/a> hit a record high, with the high on the trading day reaching NT$<\/a>709 and closing at NT$697 (+8%). This was influenced by the increase in the price target on chip designer Nvidia<\/a>. TSMC currently manufactures 3-nanometer chips<\/a> and plans to start 2-nanometer<\/a> mass production in 2025.[65]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u57282024\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u80a1\u4ef7\u521b\u4e0b\u5386\u53f2\u65b0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ea4\u6613\u65e5\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4ef7\u8fbe\u5230\u65b0\u53f0\u5e01709\u5143\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u65b0\u53f0\u5e01697\u5143\uff08\u4e0a\u6da88\uff05\uff09\u6536\u76d8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6da8\u52bf\u53d7\u5230\u82af\u7247\u8bbe\u8ba1\u516c\u53f8\u82f1\u4f1f\u8fbe(Nvidia)\u4ef7\u683c\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u8c03\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u76ee\u524d\u751f\u4ea73\u7eb3\u7c73\u82af\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba1\u5212\u57282025\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb2\u7eb3\u7c73\u82af\u7247\u7684\u91cf\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3.3 \u4e0e\u683c\u7f57\u65b9\u5fb7\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u7ea0\u7eb7 | Patent dispute with GlobalFoundries<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

On 26 August 2019, GlobalFoundries<\/a> filed several patent infringement lawsuits against TSMC in the US and Germany claiming that TSMC’s 7 nm, 10 nm, 12 nm, 16 nm, and 28 nm nodes infringed 16 of their patents.[66]<\/a><\/sup> GlobalFoundries named twenty defendants.[67]<\/a><\/sup> TSMC said that they were confident that the allegations were baseless.[68]<\/a><\/sup>
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On 1 October 2019, TSMC filed patent infringement<\/a> lawsuits against GlobalFoundries in the US, Germany and Singapore, claiming that GlobalFoundries’ 12 nm, 14 nm, 22 nm, 28 nm and 40 nm nodes infringed 25 of their patents.[69]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112019\u5e7410\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5bf9GlobalFoundries\u63d0\u8d77\u4e86\u4e13\u5229\u4fb5\u6743\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0GlobalFoundries\u768412\u7eb3\u7c73\u300114\u7eb3\u7c73\u300122\u7eb3\u7c73\u300128\u7eb3\u7c73\u548c40\u7eb3\u7c73\u5de5\u827a\u4fb5\u72af\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u768425\u9879\u4e13\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 29 October 2019, TSMC and GlobalFoundries announced a resolution to the dispute, agreeing to a life-of-patents<\/a> cross-license<\/a> for all of their existing semiconductor patents and new patents for the next 10 years.[70]<\/a>[71]<\/a>[72]<\/a>[73]<\/a>[74]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112019\u5e7410\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u548cGlobalFoundries\u5ba3\u5e03\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u540c\u610f\u5728\u6240\u6709\u73b0\u6709\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e13\u5229\u548c\u672a\u676510\u5e74\u5185\u7684\u65b0\u4e13\u5229\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec8\u8eab\u4e13\u5229\u4ea4\u53c9\u8bb8\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3.4 \u9500\u91cf\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u8d8b\u52bf | Sales and market trends<\/h5>\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

TSMC and the rest of the foundry industry are exposed to the cyclical industrial dynamics<\/a> of the semiconductor industry. TSMC must ensure its production capacity to meet strong customer demand during upturns. However, during downturns, it must contend with excess capacity because of weak demand and the high fixed costs associated with its manufacturing facilities.[77]<\/a><\/sup> As a result, the company’s financial results tend to fluctuate with a cycle time of a few years. This is more apparent in earnings than revenues because of the general trend of revenue and capacity growth. TSMC’s business has generally also been seasonal, with a peak in Q3 and a low in Q1.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u548c\u6574\u4e2a\u6676\u5706\u4ee3\u5de5\u884c\u4e1a\u90fd\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5de5\u4e1a\u52a8\u6001\u3002\u5728\u884c\u4e1a\u666f\u6c14\u65f6\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5f3a\u52b2\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u884c\u4e1a\u4f4e\u8ff7\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u6c42\u75b2\u5f31\u548c\u5176\u5236\u9020\u8bbe\u65bd\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u9ad8\u56fa\u5b9a\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5fc5\u987b\u5e94\u5bf9\u4ea7\u80fd\u8fc7\u5269\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u4e1a\u7ee9\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u51e0\u5e74\u5468\u671f\u800c\u6ce2\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6ce2\u52a8\u5728\u6536\u76ca\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u5728\u8425\u6536\u65b9\u9762\u66f4\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u603b\u4f53\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\u6536\u5165\u548c\u4ea7\u80fd\u589e\u957f\u3002\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u5448\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b63\u5ea6\u662f\u9500\u552e\u9ad8\u5cf0\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b63\u5ea6\u662f\u9500\u552e\u4f4e\u8c37\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2014, TSMC was at the forefront of the foundry industry for high-performance, low-power applications,[78]<\/a>[79]<\/a><\/sup> leading major smartphone chip companies such as Qualcomm,[80]<\/a>[81]<\/a><\/sup> Mediatek[81]<\/a>[82]<\/a><\/sup> and Apple[33]<\/a>[35]<\/a><\/sup> to place an increasing amount of orders.[78]<\/a><\/sup> While the competitors in the foundry industry (primarily GlobalFoundries<\/a> and United Microelectronics Corporation<\/a>) have encountered difficulties ramping leading-edge 28 nm capacity,[82]<\/a><\/sup> the leading Integrated Device Manufacturers<\/a> such as Samsung<\/a> and Intel<\/a> that seek to offer foundry capacity to third parties were also unable to match the requirements for advanced mobile applications.[79]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112014\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u5728\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u5904\u4e8e\u6676\u5706\u4ee3\u5de5\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\uff0c\u9886\u5148\u4e8e\u9ad8\u901a\u3001\u8054\u53d1\u79d1\u548c\u82f9\u679c\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u82af\u7247\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u516c\u53f8\u7eb7\u7eb7\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5728\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u91cf\u3002\u4e0e\u6676\u5706\u4ee3\u5de5\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662fGlobalFoundries\u548c\u8054\u7535\uff09\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u96be\u4ee5\u63a8\u5e7f\u9886\u5148\u768428\u7eb3\u7c73\u4ea7\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u5411\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u5de5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9886\u5148\u7efc\u5408\u5668\u4ef6\u5236\u9020\u5546\uff0c\u5982\u4e09\u661f\u548c\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5148\u8fdb\u79fb\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For most of 2014, TSMC saw a continuing increase in revenues due to increased demand, primarily due to chips for smartphone applications. TSMC raised its financial guidance in March 2014 and posted ‘unseasonably strong’ first-quarter results.[28]<\/a>[83]<\/a><\/sup> For Q2 2014, revenues came in at NT$183 billion, with 28 nm technology business growing more than 30% from the previous quarter.[84]<\/a><\/sup> Lead times for chip orders at TSMC increased due to a tight capacity situation, putting fabless chip companies at risk of not meeting their sales expectations or shipment schedules,[85]<\/a><\/sup> and in August 2014 it was reported that TSMC’s production capacity for the fourth quarter of 2014 was already almost fully booked, a scenario that had not occurred for many years, which was described as being due to a ripple-effect due to TSMC landing CPU orders from Apple.[86]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u57282014\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u6c42\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u5e94\u7528\u82af\u7247\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u6536\u5165\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u3002\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u57282014\u5e743\u6708\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u6307\u5f15\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u201c\u5f02\u5e38\u5f3a\u52b2\u201d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b63\u5ea6\u4e1a\u7ee9\u30022014\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b63\u5ea6\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684\u8425\u6536\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u65b0\u53f0\u5e011,830\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c28\u7eb3\u7c73\u6280\u672f\u4e1a\u52a1\u8f83\u4e0a\u4e00\u5b63\u5ea6\u589e\u957f\u8d85\u8fc730%\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ea7\u80fd\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u82af\u7247\u8ba2\u5355\u7684\u4ea4\u8d27\u65f6\u95f4\u5ef6\u957f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u65e0\u6676\u5706\u5382\u7684\u82af\u7247\u516c\u53f8\u9762\u4e34\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9500\u552e\u9884\u671f\u6216\u53d1\u8d27\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u30022014\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u62a5\u9053\u79f0\uff0c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u57282014\u5e74\u7b2c\u56db\u5b63\u5ea6\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u51e0\u4e4e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u9884\u8ba2\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u5c1a\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u7531\u4e8e\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\u7684CPU\u8ba2\u5355\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8fde\u9501\u53cd\u5e94\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, monthly sales for 2014 peaked in October, decreasing by 10% in November due to cautious inventory adjustment actions taken by some of its customers.[87]<\/a><\/sup> TSMC’s revenue for 2014 saw growth of 28% over the previous year, while TSMC forecasted that revenue for 2015 would grow by 15 to 20 percent from 2014, thanks to strong demand for its 20 nm process, new 16 nm FinFET process technology as well as continuing demand for 28 nm, and demand for less advanced chip fabrication in its 200mm fabs.[87]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u7136\u800c\uff0c2014\u5e74\u7684\u6bcf\u6708\u9500\u552e\u989d\u572810\u6708\u4efd\u8fbe\u5230\u5cf0\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5ba2\u6237\u8c28\u614e\u7684\u5e93\u5b58\u8c03\u6574\u884c\u52a8\uff0c11\u6708\u4efd\u4e0b\u964d\u4e8610%\u3002\u53f0\u79ef\u75352014\u5e74\u7684\u8425\u6536\u540c\u6bd4\u589e\u957f\u4e8628%\uff0c\u800c\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u9884\u6d4b2015\u5e74\u7684\u8425\u6536\u5c06\u6bd42014\u5e74\u589e\u957f15%\u81f320%\uff0c\u8fd9\u8981\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u5bf9\u517620\u7eb3\u7c73\u5de5\u827a\u3001\u65b0\u768416\u7eb3\u7c73FinFET\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u672f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6301\u7eed\u5bf928\u7eb3\u7c73\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5176200\u6beb\u7c73\u6676\u5706\u5382 less advanced\u82af\u7247\u5236\u9020\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u6280\u672f | Technologies<\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u5c5e\u4e8e\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\n

\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1aThe NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070<\/a>, which uses the GP104<\/a> die manufactured by TSMC on its 16 nm node<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1aNVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86TSMC\u5728\u517616\u7eb3\u7c73\u5de5\u827a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u5236\u9020\u7684GP104\u82af\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aEvan-Amos<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

TSMC’s N7+ is the first commercially available extreme-ultraviolet lithographic process in the semiconductor industry.[88]<\/a><\/sup> It uses ultraviolet patterning and enables more acute circuits to be implemented on the silicon. N7+ offers a 15\u201320% higher transistor density and 10% reduction in power consumption than previous technology.[89]<\/a>[90]<\/a><\/sup> The N7 achieved the fastest ever volume time to market, faster than 10 nm and 16 nm.[91]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u7684N7+\u662f\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u7528\u7684\u6781\u7d2b\u5916\u5149\u523b\u5de5\u827a\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u7d2b\u5916\u5149\u56fe\u6848\u5f62\u6210\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u7845\u7247\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u7535\u8def\u3002N7+\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6bd4\u4e4b\u524d\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u9ad815-20%\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca10%\u7684\u529f\u8017\u964d\u4f4e\u3002N7\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u91cf\u4ea7\u5e02\u573a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6bd410\u7eb3\u7c73\u548c16\u7eb3\u7c73\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The N5 iteration doubles transistor density and improves performance by an additional 15%.[92]<\/a>[93]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011N5\u7248\u672c\u5c06\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u5bc6\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e00\u500d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u989d\u591615%\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u8425\u8fd0\u53ca\u751f\u4ea7\u76f8\u5173\u8bbe\u65bd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u53f0\u79ef\u7535\u900f\u8fc7\u904d\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u7684\u8425\u8fd0\u636e\u70b9\u670d\u52a1\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u5168\u7403\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u65b0\u7af9\u79d1\u5b66\u56ed\u533a\u6676\u5706\u5341\u4e8c A \u5382\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.1 \u5de5\u5382\u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u6676\u5706\u5382\u533a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n