{"id":3341,"date":"2024-06-18T12:29:39","date_gmt":"2024-06-18T04:29:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=3341"},"modified":"2025-01-31T09:51:21","modified_gmt":"2025-01-31T01:51:21","slug":"el-al-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2024\/06\/18\/el-al-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a \/ El Al – \uff08\u5168\u6587\uff09\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>
\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>
\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u665a\u66f4\u65b0\u8005\u4e3a\u51c6\uff09\u3002\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

0. \u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

EL AL Israel Airlines Ltd.<\/strong> (TASE<\/a>: ELAL<\/a>, Hebrew<\/a>: \u05d0\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc \u05e0\u05ea\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc \u05d1\u05e2\u05f4\u05de),[4]<\/a><\/sup> trading as EL AL<\/strong> (Hebrew: \u05d0\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc\u200e, “Upwards”, “To the Skies”, or “Skywards”, stylized as EL\u05e2\u05dc\u200eAL\u05d0\u05dc\u200e<\/strong>; Arabic<\/a>: \u0625\u0644-\u0639\u0627\u0644), is an Israeli<\/a> airline and the nation\u2019s flag carrier<\/a>.[5]<\/a>[6]<\/a><\/sup> Since its inaugural flight from Geneva<\/a> to Tel Aviv<\/a> in September 1948, the airline has grown to serve almost 50 destinations, operating scheduled domestic and international services and cargo flights within Israel, and to Europe<\/a>, the Middle East<\/a>, the Americas<\/a>, Africa<\/a>, and the Far East<\/a>, from its main base in Ben Gurion Airport<\/a>.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\uff08\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u8bc1\u5238\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u4ee3\u7801\uff1aELAL\uff0c\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\uff1a\u05d0\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc \u05e0\u05ea\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc \u05d1\u05e2”\u05de\uff09\uff0c[4]\uff0c\u5546\u4e1a\u540d\u79f0\u4e3aEL AL\uff08\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\uff1a\u05d0\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc\u200e\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5411\u4e0a\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u81f3\u5929\u7a7a\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u201c\u5929\u9645\u4e4b\u4e0a\u201d\uff0c\u6837\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3aEL \u05e2\u05dc\u200eAL \u05d0\u05dc\u200e\uff1b\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed\uff1a\u0625\u0644-\u0639\u0627\u0644\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8be5\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u3002[5][6]\u81ea1948\u5e749\u6708\u4ece\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u98de\u5f80\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u7684\u9996\u822a\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u8fd150\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u4ece\u5176\u4f4d\u4e8e\u672c\u00b7\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u673a\u573a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u5730\u8fd0\u8425\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u73ed\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d27\u8fd0\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u822a\u7ebf\u8986\u76d6\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3001\u6b27\u6d32\u3001\u4e2d\u4e1c\u3001\u7f8e\u6d32\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u548c\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

EL AL is the only commercial airline to equip its planes with missile defense systems to protect its planes against surface-to-air missiles<\/a>, and is considered one of the world’s most secure airlines, thanks to its stringent security procedures, both on the ground and on board its aircraft.[7]<\/a>[8]<\/a><\/sup> Although it has been the target of many attempted hijackings<\/a> and terror attacks<\/a>, only one El Al flight<\/a> has ever been hijacked; that incident did not result in any fatalities.[9]<\/a>[10]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u662f\u5168\u7403\u552f\u4e00\u4e3a\u5176\u98de\u673a\u914d\u5907\u5bfc\u5f39\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u5176\u98de\u673a\u514d\u53d7\u5730\u5bf9\u7a7a\u5bfc\u5f39\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u5176\u5728\u5730\u9762\u548c\u673a\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u5b89\u5168\u7a0b\u5e8f\u800c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002[7][8]\u5c3d\u7ba1\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u6210\u4e3a\u52ab\u673a\u548c\u6050\u6016\u88ad\u51fb\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4f46EL AL\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u67b6\u822a\u73ed\u66fe\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u52ab\u6301\uff0c\u4e14\u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e76\u672a\u9020\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5458\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002[9][10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As Israel’s national airline, El Al has played an important role in humanitarian rescue efforts, airlifting Jews<\/a> from other countries to Israel, setting the world record for the most passengers on a commercial aircraft (single plane record of 1,088 passengers on a 747<\/a>) by Operation Solomon<\/a> when 14,500 Jewish refugees were transported from Ethiopia<\/a> in 1991.[11]<\/a>[12]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\uff0cEL AL\u5728\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u6551\u63f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u7a7a\u8fd0\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u524d\u5f80\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\uff0c\u5982\u57281991\u5e74\u7684\u201c\u6240\u7f57\u95e8\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3747\u521b\u4e0b\u5355\u673a\u8f7d\u5ba2\u8bb0\u5f551,088\u4eba\uff0c\u5171\u8fd0\u9001\u4e8614,500\u540d\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9a\u72b9\u592a\u96be\u6c11\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u7eaa\u5f55\u3002[11][12]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Al offers only kosher<\/a> in-flight meals<\/a>, and does not fly passengers on the Jewish Shabbat<\/a> or religious holidays.[13]<\/a>[14]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b26\u5408\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u89c4\u7684\u7a7a\u4e2d\u9910\u98df\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7684\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u6216\u5b97\u6559\u8282\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\u8fd0\u9001\u4e58\u5ba2\u3002[13][14]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2012, El Al operated an all-Boeing<\/a> fleet of 42 aircraft, flying over 4 million passengers, and employed a staff of 6,056 globally. The company’s revenues for 2016 were $2.04 billion, with losses of $81 million, compared to a profit of $57 million in 2010.[15]<\/a>[16]<\/a><\/sup> In 2018, the company’s revenue was $7.7 billion, with a net loss of $187.55 million.[17]<\/a><\/sup> In July 2020, having lost hundreds of millions of dollars due to grounded flights and lay-offs as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel<\/a> and abroad, the company reached a bailout<\/a> deal with the government, and a private buyer purchased a controlling stake (42.85%) in September of that year, with the government purchasing any unwanted shares (15%).
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u52302012\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u8fd0\u8425\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u6ce2\u97f3\u673a\u961f\uff0c\u5171\u670942\u67b6\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u8fd0\u9001\u8d85\u8fc7400\u4e07\u4e58\u5ba2\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5458\u5de5\u4eba\u6570\u8fbe6,056\u4eba\u3002\u516c\u53f82016\u5e74\u7684\u6536\u5165\u4e3a20.4\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u4e8f\u635f8100\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b2010\u5e74\u76c8\u52295700\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u3002[15][16]2018\u5e74\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u6536\u5165\u8fbe\u523077\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u51c0\u4e8f\u635f1.8755\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002[17]2020\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u53ca\u6d77\u5916\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u505c\u98de\u548c\u88c1\u5458\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u635f\u5931\u6570\u4ebf\uff0c\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u8fbe\u6210\u6551\u52a9\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u540c\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u5bb6\u79c1\u8425\u4f01\u4e1a\u6536\u8d2d\u4e86\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6027\u80a1\u4efd\uff0842.85%\uff09\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5219\u6536\u8d2d\u4e86\u672a\u88ab\u8ba4\u8d2d\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\uff0815%\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae
\u56fe\u7247\u9898\u6ce8\uff1aCross-wiki upload from he.wikipedia.org\u3010\u4ece he.wikipedia.org \u8fdb\u884c\u8de8 wiki \u4e0a\u4f20\u3011
\u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aMasterFlisater<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\u521b\u7acb\u4e8e<\/th>1948\u5e74\uff0c\u200b76\u5e74\u524d<\/td><\/tr>
\u67a2\u7ebd\u673a\u573a<\/a><\/th>\u672c-\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u673a\u573a<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u98de\u884c\u5e38\u5ba2
\u5956\u52b1\u8ba1\u5212<\/a><\/th>		Matmid<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u5b50\u516c\u53f8<\/a><\/th>\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8d27\u8fd0\u822a\u7a7aSun d’Or<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u673a\u961f\u6570\u91cf<\/th>44[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/td><\/tr>
\u901a\u822a\u57ce\u5e02<\/th>48<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u603b\u90e8<\/th>\"\" \u4ee5\u8272\u5217<\/a>\u672c-\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u673a\u573a<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u91cd\u8981\u4eba\u7269<\/th>David Brodet\uff08\u4e3b\u5e2d<\/a>\uff09
Avigal Sorek\uff08CEO<\/a>\uff09
Olga Alauof
Eli Rozenberg
\uff08\u63a7\u80a1\u65b9\u80a1\u4e1c<\/a>\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u7f51\u7ad9<\/th>www.elal.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5386\u53f2 | History<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1 1948-1949\u5e74\uff1a\u6210\u7acb | 1948\u20131949: Foundation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\u56fe1-1\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

In September 1948, Israel’s first president<\/a>, Chaim Weizmann<\/a>, attended a conference in Geneva<\/a>, Switzerland. Weizmann was scheduled to fly back to Israel in an Israeli government aircraft, but due to an embargo imposed on Israel at the time, this was not possible. An Israeli C-54<\/a> military transport aircraft was instead converted into a civilian plane to transport Weizmann home. The aircraft was painted with the logo of the “El Al\/Israel National Aviation Company” and fitted with extra fuel tanks to enable a non-stop flight from Geneva to Israel. It departed from Ekron Air Base<\/a> on 28 September and returned to Israel the next day. After the flight, the aircraft was repainted and returned to military use.[18]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111948\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u9996\u4efb\u603b\u7edf\u54c8\u4f0a\u59c6\u00b7\u9b4f\u8328\u66fc\u51fa\u5e2d\u4e86\u5728\u745e\u58eb\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u9b4f\u8328\u66fc\u539f\u8ba1\u5212\u4e58\u5750\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u98de\u673a\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u5bf9\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u7981\u8fd0\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684C-54\u519b\u7528\u8fd0\u8f93\u673a\u88ab\u6539\u88c5\u6210\u6c11\u7528\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u9001\u9b4f\u8328\u66fc\u56de\u56fd\u3002\u8be5\u98de\u673a\u6d82\u4e0a\u4e86\u201cEL AL\/\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\u5bb6\u822a\u7a7a\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u201d\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6cb9\u7bb1\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u76f4\u98de\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002\u5b83\u4e8e9\u670828\u65e5\u4ece\u57c3\u514b\u9f99\u7a7a\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u8d77\u98de\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e\u6b21\u65e5\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u98de\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u98de\u673a\u91cd\u65b0\u6d82\u88c5\u5e76\u56de\u5f52\u519b\u4e8b\u7528\u9014\u3002[18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Airline was incorporated and became Israel’s national flag carrier on 15 November 1948, although it used leased aircraft until February 1949, when two unpressurized DC-4s<\/a> were purchased from American Airlines<\/a>. The acquisition was funded by the government of Israel<\/a>, the Jewish Agency<\/a>, and other Jewish organizations. The first plane arrived at Lod Airport (later renamed Ben Gurion) on 3 April 1949. Aryeh Pincus, a lawyer from South Africa<\/a>, was elected head of the company. The first international flight, from Tel Aviv to Paris<\/a>, with refueling in Rome, took place on 31 July 1949.[18]<\/a>[19]<\/a><\/sup> By the end of 1949, the airline had flown passengers to London<\/a> and Johannesburg<\/a>. A state-run domestic airline, Israel Inland Airlines<\/a>, was founded in 1949 in which El Al had a 50% stake.[when?<\/a><\/em>][18]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111948\u5e7411\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bb6\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u521d\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u79df\u8d41\u7684\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u76f4\u52301949\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4e24\u67b6\u672a\u52a0\u538b\u7684DC-4\u98de\u673a\u3002\u8fd9\u7b14\u6536\u8d2d\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u7531\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u72b9\u592a\u4ee3\u529e\u5904\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u72b9\u592a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5171\u540c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u67b6\u98de\u673a\u4e8e1949\u5e744\u67083\u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u6d1b\u5fb7\u673a\u573a\uff08\u540e\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a\u672c-\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u673a\u573a\uff09\u3002\u6765\u81ea\u5357\u975e\u7684\u5f8b\u5e08\u963f\u91cc\u8036\u00b7\u5e73\u5e93\u65af\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u516c\u53f8\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u73ed\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u98de\u5f80\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u9014\u4e2d\u5728\u7f57\u9a6c\u52a0\u6cb9\u2014\u2014\u53d1\u751f\u57281949\u5e747\u670831\u65e5\u3002[18][19]\u52301949\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f7d\u5ba2\u98de\u5f80\u4f26\u6566\u548c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u5185\u65af\u5821\u30021949\u5e74\u8fd8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5bb6\u56fd\u6709\u56fd\u5185\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5185\u9646\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\uff0cEL AL\u6301\u6709\u517650%\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u3002[\u4f55\u65f6\uff1f][18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From its earliest days, the operation of the airline in keeping with Jewish tradition<\/a> has been a source of friction; when the Israeli prime minister David Ben-Gurion<\/a> was forming his first coalition, the religious parties would not join unless Ben-Gurion promised that El Al would serve only kosher<\/a> food on its flights and would not fly on the Jewish Sabbath<\/a>.[20]<\/a><\/sup> El Al owes its name to David Remez<\/a>, the first Minister of Transport, who based the name on a passage from the book of Hosea.[21]<\/a><\/sup> (Hosea 11:7)[22]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u4ece\u6700\u521d\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u6309\u7167\u72b9\u592a\u4f20\u7edf\u8fd0\u8425\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6469\u64e6\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff1b\u5f53\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u603b\u7406\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u672c-\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u7ec4\u5efa\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u8054\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u515a\u6d3e\u62d2\u7edd\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u672c-\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u627f\u8bfaEL AL\u822a\u73ed\u4e0a\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b26\u5408\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u89c4\u7684\u98df\u54c1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u98de\u884c\u3002[20]EL AL\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u9996\u4f4d\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8\u957f\u5927\u536b\u00b7\u96f7\u6885\u5179\uff0c\u4ed6\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4f55\u897f\u963f\u4e66\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bb5\u843d\u547d\u540d\u4e86\u8fd9\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u3002[21]\uff08\u300a\u4f55\u897f\u963f\u4e66\u300b11:7\uff09[22]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2 20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u8d27\u8fd0\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u5730 | 1950s: Adding cargo service and destinations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe1-2\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

A regular service to London was inaugurated in the middle of 1950. Later that year, El Al acquired Universal Airways, which was owned by South African Zionists.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111950\u5e74\u4e2d\u65ec\uff0c\u5f00\u901a\u4e86\u81f3\u4f26\u6566\u7684\u5b9a\u671f\u822a\u73ed\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u540c\u5e74\u665a\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0cEL AL\u6536\u8d2d\u4e86\u7531\u5357\u975e\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u7684Universal Airways\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Al’s cargo service was inaugurated in 1950 and initially relied on military surplus Curtiss C-46 Commando<\/a> aircraft. The same aircraft type was used also for passengers transportation in certain routes.[23]<\/a><\/sup> The same year the airline initiated charter services to the United States, followed by scheduled flights soon after.[18]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u7684\u8d27\u8fd0\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e1950\u5e74\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u519b\u7528\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u67ef\u8482\u65afC-46\u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u5458\u98de\u673a\u3002\u540c\u79cd\u673a\u578b\u4e5f\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u822a\u7ebf\u7684\u65c5\u5ba2\u8fd0\u8f93\u3002[23]\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u98de\u5f80\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5305\u673a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u5f88\u5feb\u8ddf\u8fdb\u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u5b9a\u671f\u822a\u73ed\u3002[18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1950\u20131951 El Al expanded its activities in Europe and added new destinations such as Vienna<\/a> and Istanbul<\/a>, Athens<\/a> and Nicosia<\/a>. On July 31 of 1950, the company celebrated the first anniversary of its regular flight program.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u57281950\u5e74\u81f31951\u5e74\u95f4\uff0cEL AL\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u6269\u5c55\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u5982\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u3001\u4f0a\u65af\u5766\u5e03\u5c14\u3001\u96c5\u5178\u548c\u5c3c\u79d1\u897f\u4e9a\u7b49\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u30021950\u5e747\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5e86\u795d\u4e86\u5176\u5b9a\u671f\u822a\u73ed\u8ba1\u5212\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u5468\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\u56fe1-3\u548c1-4\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

The airline was involved in several covert operations: In the early 1950s, El Al airlifted over 160,000 immigrants to Israel from Iran<\/a>, Iraq<\/a> and Yemen<\/a> as part of Operation Magic Carpet<\/a> and Operation Ezra and Nehemiah<\/a>.[24]<\/a><\/sup> In 1960, Nazi<\/a> war criminal Adolf Eichmann<\/a> was captured and flown from Argentina to Israel on an El Al aircraft.[25]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u591a\u9879\u79d8\u5bc6\u884c\u52a8\uff1a\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u9b54\u6bef\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4ee5\u65af\u62c9\u4e0e\u5c3c\u5e0c\u7c73\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0cEL AL\u4ece\u4f0a\u6717\u3001\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u548c\u4e5f\u95e8\u7a7a\u8fd0\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc716\u4e07\u540d\u79fb\u6c11\u5230\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002[24]1960\u5e74\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u6218\u72af\u963f\u9053\u592b\u00b7\u827e\u5e0c\u66fc\u5728\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u88ab\u6355\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u4e00\u67b6EL AL\u98de\u673a\u62bc\u9001\u81f3\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002[25]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1955, after using Lockheed Constellations<\/a> for several years, the airline purchased two Bristol Britannia<\/a> aircraft. El Al was the second airline in the world to fly this plane, after the British Overseas Airways Corporation<\/a>. In 1958, El Al ran a newspaper advertisement in the United States featuring a picture of a “shrunken” Atlantic Ocean (“Starting Dec. 23, the Atlantic Ocean<\/a> will be 20% smaller”) to promote its non-stop transatlantic flights<\/a>.[26]<\/a><\/sup> This was a bold step: the airline industry had never used images of the ocean in its advertising because of the widespread public fear of airline crashes. The advertisement, which ran only once, proved effective. Within a year, El Al’s sales tripled.[27]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111955\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6d1b\u514b\u5e0c\u5fb7\u661f\u5ea7\u98de\u673a\u591a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4e24\u67b6\u5e03\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u5c14 Britannia\u98de\u673a\u3002\u7ee7\u82f1\u56fd\u6d77\u5916\u822a\u7a7a\uff08BOAC\uff09\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cEL AL\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5bb6\u8fd0\u8425\u6b64\u673a\u578b\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u30021958\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u5219\u62a5\u7eb8\u5e7f\u544a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u201c\u7f29\u5c0f\u201d\u7684\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u56fe\u7247\uff08\u201c\u4ece12\u670823\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u5c06\u7f29\u5c0f20%\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u5ba3\u4f20\u5176\u4e0d\u505c\u7ad9\u6a2a\u8d8a\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u3002[26]\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u80c6\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa\uff1a\u9274\u4e8e\u516c\u4f17\u666e\u904d\u5bf9\u7a7a\u96be\u7684\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u822a\u7a7a\u4e1a\u5386\u6765\u907f\u514d\u5728\u5176\u5e7f\u544a\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6d77\u6d0b\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u5219\u4ec5\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u5e7f\u544a\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u7684\u9500\u552e\u989d\u7ffb\u4e86\u4e09\u756a\u3002[27]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 60 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u5f00\u59cb\u76c8\u5229 | 1960s: Turning profitable<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe1-5\u548c1-6\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u56fe1-7\u548c1-8\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Despite the purchase of its Britannia and the inauguration of non-stop transatlantic flights, the airline remained unprofitable.[18]<\/a>[further explanation needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup> When Efraim Ben-Arzi took over the company in the late 1950s, the Britannias were replaced in the next decade by the Boeing 707<\/a> and Boeing 720<\/a> jet airliners.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86Britannia\u98de\u673a\u5e76\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u4e0d\u505c\u7ad9\u8de8\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u822a\u73ed\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u4ecd\u5904\u4e8e\u4e8f\u635f\u72b6\u6001\u3002[18][\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca]20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u5f53\u57c3\u5f17\u83b1\u59c6\u00b7\u672c-\u963f\u5179\u63a5\u624b\u516c\u53f8\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\uff0cBritannia\u98de\u673a\u88ab\u6ce2\u97f3707\u548c\u6ce2\u97f3720\u55b7\u6c14\u5f0f\u5ba2\u673a\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1961\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u4ece\u5df4\u897f\u91cc\u7ea6\u683c\u6717\u5fb7\u822a\u7a7a<\/a>\u79df\u8d41\u4e00\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3707<\/a>-441\u6267\u98de\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b-\u7ebd\u7ea6\u822a\u7ebf\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\u55b7\u6c14\u5f0f\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u540c\u5e745\u6708\u63a5\u6536\u5176\u9996\u67b6\u81ea\u8d2d707\u3002[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3.1 \u52ab\u673a\u5c1d\u8bd5 | Hijacking attempts<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

See also: El Al Flight 426 hijacking<\/a>\u3010\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a426\u822a\u73ed\u52ab\u673a\u3011<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1968, El Al experienced the first of many acts of terrorism that have been perpetrated against the airline. On 23 July, the only successful hijacking of an El Al aircraft took place, when a Boeing 707 carrying 10 crew and 38 passengers were taken over by three members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine<\/a> (PFLP). The aircraft, El Al Flight 426<\/a>, which was en route from Rome to Tel Aviv, was diverted to Algiers<\/a> by the hijackers. Negotiations with the hijackers lasted for 40 days. Both the hijackers and the passengers, including 21 Israeli hostages, were eventually freed.[29]<\/a><\/sup> On 26 December of the same year, two PFLP members attacked an El Al aircraft at Athens International Airport<\/a>, killing an Israeli mechanic.[30]<\/a><\/sup> The Israeli Defense Forces<\/a> responded to the incident on 29 December, with a night-time raid<\/a> on Lebanon’s Beirut Airport<\/a>, destroying 14 planes on the ground belonging to Middle East Airlines<\/a>, Trans Mediterranean Airways<\/a> and Lebanese International Airways<\/a>.[31]<\/a><\/sup> The military action was responsible for the demise of the LIA, which had most of its fleet destroyed.[citation needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111968 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4f17\u591a\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8d77\u30027 \u6708 23 \u65e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u52ab\u6301\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u98de\u673a\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e00\u67b6\u8f7d\u6709 10 \u540d\u673a\u7ec4\u4eba\u5458\u548c 38 \u540d\u4e58\u5ba2\u7684\u6ce2\u97f3 707 \u88ab\u4e09\u540d\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u89e3\u653e\u9635\u7ebf (PFLP) \u6210\u5458\u52ab\u6301\u3002\u8fd9\u67b6\u98de\u673a\u662f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a 426 \u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5b83\u6b63\u4ece\u7f57\u9a6c\u98de\u5f80\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\uff0c\u88ab\u52ab\u673a\u8005\u6539\u9053\u98de\u5f80\u963f\u5c14\u53ca\u5c14\u3002\u4e0e\u52ab\u673a\u8005\u7684\u8c08\u5224\u6301\u7eed\u4e86 40 \u5929\u3002\u52ab\u673a\u8005\u548c\u4e58\u5ba2\uff08\u5305\u62ec 21 \u540d\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u8d28\uff09\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002[29] \u540c\u5e74 12 \u6708 26 \u65e5\uff0c\u4e24\u540d PFLP \u6210\u5458\u5728\u96c5\u5178\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a\u88ad\u51fb\u4e86\u4e00\u67b6\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u540d\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u673a\u68b0\u5e08\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002[30]\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u4e8e 12 \u6708 29 \u65e5\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f5c\u51fa\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u591c\u95f4\u7a81\u88ad\u4e86\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u8d1d\u9c81\u7279\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4e1c\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u8de8\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u7684 14 \u67b6\u98de\u673a\u3002[31] \u8fd9\u6b21\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5012\u95ed\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u673a\u961f\u88ab\u6467\u6bc1\u3002[\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u6587]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 18 February 1969, Palestinians attacked an El Al plane<\/a> at Zurich Airport<\/a>, killing the copilot and injuring the pilot. One Palestinian attacker was killed and others were convicted but later released. Between September and December of that year, bomb and grenade attacks occurred at El Al offices in Athens<\/a>, West Berlin<\/a>, and Brussels<\/a>.[32]<\/a><\/sup> This wave of violence culminated in the failed hijacking of an El Al 707 by Patrick Arguello<\/a> and Leila Khaled<\/a> on 6 September 1970, as part of the Dawson’s Field hijackings<\/a>.[33]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111969 \u5e74 2 \u6708 18 \u65e5\uff0c\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u4eba\u5728\u82cf\u9ece\u4e16\u673a\u573a\u88ad\u51fb\u4e86\u4e00\u67b6\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u7684\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u526f\u9a7e\u9a76\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u98de\u884c\u5458\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u4e00\u540d\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u88ad\u51fb\u8005\u88ab\u51fb\u6bd9\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u88ab\u5b9a\u7f6a\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u540c\u5e74 9 \u6708\u81f3 12 \u6708\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u5728\u96c5\u5178\u3001\u897f\u67cf\u6797\u548c\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u7684\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u70b8\u5f39\u548c\u624b\u69b4\u5f39\u88ad\u51fb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002[32] \u8fd9\u6ce2\u66b4\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4 1970 \u5e74 9 \u6708 6 \u65e5\uff0c\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u963f\u594e\u7f57\u548c\u83b1\u62c9\u00b7\u54c8\u7acb\u5fb7\u52ab\u6301\u4e86\u4e00\u67b6\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a 707 \u5ba2\u673a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9053\u68ee\u673a\u573a\u52ab\u673a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002[33]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.4 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 70 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u8f6c\u5411\u6ce2\u97f3 | 1970s: Going Boeing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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\u56fe1-8\u548c1-9\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u56fe1-10\uff08\u8868\u683c\uff09\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

El Al acquired its first Boeing 747<\/a> jet in 1971. Many[who?<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup> felt it was a risky purchase given the high cost of the plane and fear of attacks, but El Al operations flourished after the purchase. Another Boeing 747 was delivered in 1973 and was used to start non-stop service from Tel Aviv to New York<\/a> (El Al \u2013 Boeing 707s had flown eastward nonstop since around 1961).
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u4e8e1971\u5e74\u8d2d\u5165\u4e86\u5176\u9996\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3747\u55b7\u6c14\u5f0f\u5ba2\u673a\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\uff08\u672a\u6307\u660e\u662f\u8c01\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u98de\u673a\u7684\u9ad8\u6602\u6210\u672c\u548c\u5bf9\u53ef\u80fd\u906d\u53d7\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d2d\u4e70\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e26\u6709\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4f46\u8d2d\u5165\u6ce2\u97f3747\u540e\uff0cEL AL\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u5374\u6108\u53d1\u7e41\u8363\u30021973\u5e74\u53c8\u6709\u4e00\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3747\u4ea4\u4ed8\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5f00\u542f\u4ece\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u76f4\u98de\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u7ecf\u505c\u670d\u52a1\uff08EL AL\u7684\u6ce2\u97f3707\u65e9\u5728\u7ea61961\u5e74\u8d77\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u5411\u4e1c\u7684\u4e0d\u7ecf\u505c\u98de\u884c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Al passengers and passengers from other airlines were attacked at Lod Airport in 1972, it was known as the Lod Airport massacre<\/a>.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111972\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u5728\u6d1b\u5fb7\u673a\u573a\u906d\u5230\u88ad\u51fb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d1b\u5fb7\u673a\u573a\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the mid-1970s El Al began to schedule flights from airports outside of Israel that departed on the Jewish sabbath<\/a> and landed in Israel after it had finished. However, the religious parties in the government were outraged by this change believing that it was a violation of Jewish law and contrary to the agreement signed in the early days of the state, in which El Al promised to refrain from flying on the Sabbath. In 1982 the newly re-elected prime minister Menachem Begin<\/a>, brought before the Knesset<\/a> a vote to ban Sabbath flights once again (it passed by a vote of 58 to 54).[34]<\/a><\/sup> Outraged, the secular community threatened to boycott the airline. In August 1982 El Al workers blocked Orthodox<\/a> and Hasidic<\/a> Jews from entering the airport.[20]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u301120\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0cEL AL\u5f00\u59cb\u5b89\u6392\u4ece\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u673a\u573a\u8d77\u98de\u3001\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u62b5\u8fbe\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u515a\u6d3e\u5bf9\u6b64\u6539\u53d8\u611f\u5230\u6124\u6012\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u65e9\u671f\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u76f8\u6096\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u534f\u8bae\uff0cEL AL\u627f\u8bfa\u4e0d\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u98de\u884c\u30021982\u5e74\uff0c\u65b0\u5f53\u9009\u7684\u603b\u7406\u6885\u7eb3\u8d6b\u59c6\u00b7\u8d1d\u4eac\u5c06\u7981\u6b62\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u822a\u73ed\u7684\u8bae\u6848\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86\u8bae\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u901a\u8fc7\uff08\u7968\u6570\u4e3a58\u7968\u652f\u6301\uff0c54\u7968\u53cd\u5bf9\uff09\u3002[34]\u5bf9\u6b64\u611f\u5230\u6124\u6012\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u7fa4\u4f53\u5a01\u80c1\u8981\u62b5\u5236\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u30021982\u5e748\u6708\uff0cEL AL\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u6b63\u7edf\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u5f92\u548c\u54c8\u897f\u5fb7\u6d3e\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u8fdb\u5165\u673a\u573a\u3002[20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u56fe1-11\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

In 1977 El Al established a charter subsidiary, El Al Charter Services Ltd., later renamed Sun D’Or International Airlines Ltd<\/a>. Two years earlier the airline had suffered its first losses since the late 1950s, largely a product of the global recession. The management changed three times towards the end of the 1970s until Itzhak Shander was named president.[clarification needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup> As the political situation in Iran deteriorated, El Al began to airlift Jews to Israel. All the airline’s infrastructure in Iran was eventually destroyed.[18]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111977\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5b50\u516c\u53f8El Al Charter Services Ltd.\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u66f4\u540d\u4e3aSun D’Or International Airlines Ltd.\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u4e24\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u4ee5\u6765\u9996\u6b21\u906d\u9047\u4e8f\u635f\u3002\u572870\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u53d8\u52a8\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u7ec8\u4efb\u547d\u4f0a\u624e\u514b\u00b7\u5c1a\u5fb7\u4e3a\u603b\u88c1\u3002[\u9700\u8981\u6f84\u6e05]\u968f\u7740\u4f0a\u6717\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u52bf\u7684\u6076\u5316\uff0cEL AL\u5f00\u59cb\u7a7a\u8fd0\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u524d\u5f80\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u6240\u6709\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u88ab\u6467\u6bc1\u3002[18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.5 20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u4ece\u7834\u4ea7\u63a5\u7ba1\u8d70\u5411\u76c8\u5229 | 1980s: From receivership to profitability<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El Al flights to Cairo<\/a> were inaugurated in April 1980, following the Egypt\u2013Israel peace treaty<\/a>.[24]<\/a><\/sup> In late 1982, after a long period of labor disputes and strikes, El Al operations were suspended. The government appointed Amram Blum to run the company, which lost $123.3 million in the fiscal year ending April 1983.[35]<\/a>[18]<\/a>[clarification needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup> The airline also sold its stake in Arkia at this time.[citation needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u968f\u7740\u57c3\u53ca\u4e0e\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u548c\u5e73\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u7b7e\u7f72\uff0cEL AL\u4e8e1980\u5e744\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u98de\u5f80\u5f00\u7f57\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u3002[24]\u5230\u4e861982\u5e74\u672b\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u52b3\u8d44\u7ea0\u7eb7\u548c\u7f62\u5de5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cEL AL\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u88ab\u6682\u505c\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u4efb\u547d\u963f\u59c6\u62c9\u59c6\u00b7\u5e03\u9c81\u59c6\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u622a\u81f31983\u5e744\u6708\u7684\u8d22\u5e74\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u4e8f\u635f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e861.233\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002[35][18][\u9700\u8981\u6f84\u6e05]\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u4e5f\u51fa\u552e\u4e86\u5176\u5728Arkia\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u3002[\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u8bc1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u56fe1-12\u548c1-13\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Operations resumed in January 1983 under receivership<\/a>. The government purchased two new Boeing 737<\/a> aircraft and announced plans to acquire four Boeing 767<\/a> jets at the cost of $200 million. Within four years, El Al was profitable again.[18]<\/a><\/sup> It broke another record since then surpassed, in May 1988 with a non-stop flight from Los Angeles to Tel Aviv, a journey of 7,000 nautical miles (13,000 km) in 13 hours and 41 minutes.[24]<\/a>[clarification needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111983\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u7834\u4ea7\u63a5\u7ba1\u4e0b\uff0cEL AL\u6062\u590d\u8fd0\u8425\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4e24\u67b6\u65b0\u7684\u6ce2\u97f3737\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u5ba3\u5e03\u8ba1\u5212\u65a5\u8d442\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u8d2d\u4e70\u56db\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3767\u55b7\u6c14\u673a\u3002\u5728\u56db\u5e74\u4e4b\u5185\uff0cEL AL\u518d\u6b21\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u76c8\u5229\u3002[18]\u6b64\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u6253\u7834\uff0c1988\u5e745\u6708\uff0cEL AL\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u4ece\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5230\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u7684\u76f4\u98de\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u5168\u7a0b7000\u6d77\u91cc\uff0813000\u516c\u91cc\uff09\uff0c\u8017\u65f613\u5c0f\u65f641\u5206\u949f\u3002[24][\u9700\u8981\u6f84\u6e05]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flights to Poland<\/a> and Yugoslavia<\/a> were started in 1989.[18]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111989\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\u98de\u5f80\u6ce2\u5170\u548c\u5357\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u3002[18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.6 20\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u7834\u4ea7\u63a5\u7ba1\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7a7a\u8fd0 | 1990s: End of receivership, Ethiopian Jews airlifted<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In January 1990, North American Airlines<\/a> began providing feeder services<\/a> to El Al’s US destinations. El Al held a 24.9 percent stake in the airline until selling it back to Dan McKinnon in July 2003. By this time, El Al was operating a fleet of 20 aircraft, including nine Boeing 747s, and had begun replacing its aging Boeing 707s with the Boeing 757<\/a>. Early that year, following the collapse<\/a> of the Soviet Union<\/a>, El Al inaugurated regular flights to Moscow. No airlifts<\/a> from the former Soviet Union<\/a> were possible at the time but permission was granted in 1991. Charter flights commenced in August 1991, with immigrants<\/a> also occupying all available seats on El Al’s scheduled routes. In cooperation with Aeroflot<\/a>, El Al flew more than 400,000 Jewish immigrants to Israel within a three-year period.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111990\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3aEL AL\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u63a5\u9a73\u670d\u52a1\u3002EL AL\u6301\u6709\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f824.9%\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\uff0c\u76f4\u81f32003\u5e747\u6708\u5c06\u5176\u5356\u56de\u7ed9\u4e39\u00b7\u9ea6\u91d1\u519c\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0cEL AL\u8fd0\u8425\u7740\u5305\u62ec9\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3747\u5728\u5185\u7684\u517120\u67b6\u98de\u673a\u7684\u673a\u961f\uff0c\u5e76\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\u7528\u6ce2\u97f3757\u66ff\u6362\u8001\u65e7\u7684\u6ce2\u97f3707\u3002\u540c\u5e74\u65e9\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\uff0cEL AL\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u81f3\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u7684\u5b9a\u671f\u822a\u73ed\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5f53\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u7acb\u5373\u4ece\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7a7a\u8fd0\uff0c\u4f46\u57281991\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8bb8\u53ef\u3002\u5305\u673a\u822a\u73ed\u4e8e1991\u5e748\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u79fb\u6c11\u4e5f\u5360\u7528\u4e86EL AL\u6240\u6709\u5b9a\u671f\u822a\u73ed\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u5ea7\u4f4d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u822a\u7a7a\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0cEL AL\u5728\u4e09\u5e74\u5185\u5c06\u8d85\u8fc740\u4e07\u72b9\u592a\u79fb\u6c11\u8fd0\u9001\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\u56fe1-14\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

On 24 May 1991, an El Al Boeing 747 cargo plane airlifted a record-breaking 1,088 Ethiopian Jews<\/a> from Addis Ababa<\/a> to Israel in the framework of Operation Solomon<\/a>. Two babies were born during the flight. The plane carried twice as many passengers as it was designed for.[11]<\/a><\/sup> In less than 36 hours, 14,500 Ethiopian Jews<\/a> were flown to Israel.[12]<\/a><\/sup> On 27 April 1994, El Al received its first Boeing 747-400<\/a>.[18]<\/a>[36]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111991\u5e745\u670824\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u6240\u7f57\u95e8\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6EL AL\u6ce2\u97f3747\u8d27\u673a\u4ece\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9a\u9996\u90fd\u4e9a\u7684\u65af\u4e9a\u8d1d\u5df4\u7a7a\u8fd0\u4e86\u521b\u7eaa\u5f55\u76841,088\u540d\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u81f3\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002\u98de\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u540d\u5a74\u513f\u51fa\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u67b6\u98de\u673a\u642d\u8f7d\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bb9\u91cf\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u3002[11]\u5728\u4e0d\u523036\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\uff0c\u5171\u670914,500\u540d\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u88ab\u7a7a\u8fd0\u81f3\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002[12]1994\u5e744\u670827\u65e5\uff0cEL AL\u63a5\u6536\u4e86\u5176\u9996\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3747-400\u3002[18][36]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Al flights were inaugurated to the Far East<\/a>[when?<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup> and, in 1995, El Al signed its first codesharing agreement<\/a> with American Airlines<\/a>.[18]<\/a><\/sup> In February 1995, the receivership under which the airline had technically been operating since 1982 came to an end.[37]<\/a><\/sup> In June 1996, El Al recorded its first flight from Israel to Amman<\/a>, Jordan<\/a>.[24]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u5f00\u901a\u4e86\u81f3\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u822a\u73ed[\u4f55\u65f6\uff1f]\uff0c\u5e76\u57281995\u5e74\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u9996\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002[18]1995\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u81ea1982\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u7834\u4ea7\u63a5\u7ba1\u5ba3\u544a\u7ed3\u675f\u3002[37]1996\u5e746\u6708\uff0cEL AL\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5176\u9996\u6b21\u4ece\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u98de\u5f80\u7ea6\u65e6\u5b89\u66fc\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u3002[24]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1992\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u5f00\u59cb\u62d3\u5c55\u5176\u8fdc\u4e1c\u822a\u70b9\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u4e8e\u8be5\u5e744\u6708\u5f00\u901a\u98de\u5f80\u540d\u53e4\u5c4b\u7684\u5305\u673a\u822a\u7ebf\uff0c\u540c\u5e749\u67084\u65e5\u5f00\u822a\u5317\u4eac[7]<\/a><\/sup>\uff0c\u6b21\u5e74\u5f00\u822a\u5b5f\u4e70\u53ca\u66fc\u8c37\u30021994\u5e744\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u822a\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\u6ce2\u97f3747-400\uff0c\u540c\u5e7410\u67085\u65e5\u5f00\u822a\u9999\u6e2f\u3002[8]<\/a><\/sup>1999\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u822a\u66f4\u6539\u673a\u961f\u6d82\u88c5\uff0c2001\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\u6ce2\u97f3777-200ER<\/a>[9]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 1996, El Al recorded US$83.1 million in losses, due to the resumption of terrorist activities and the government’s open skies<\/a> policy.[18]<\/a><\/sup> To keep its planes flying during this period, El Al introduced flights “to nowhere”: passengers were offered various kinds of in-flight entertainment<\/a> as the plane circled the Mediterranean. One-day shopping trips to London<\/a> and visits to religious sites in eastern Europe were also promoted.[18]<\/a><\/sup> In 1997, El Al opened a separate cargo division.[38]<\/a>[clarification needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30111996\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6050\u6016\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6062\u590d\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u5929\u7a7a\u653f\u7b56\uff0cEL AL\u5f55\u5f978310\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u4e8f\u635f\u3002[18]\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u98de\u673a\u8fd0\u8425\uff0cEL AL\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u65e0\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u822a\u73ed\u201d\uff1a\u4e58\u5ba2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u53d7\u5404\u79cd\u673a\u4e0a\u5a31\u4e50\uff0c\u98de\u673a\u5219\u5728\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u533a\u57df\u76d8\u65cb\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u8fd8\u63a8\u5e7f\u4e86\u4e00\u65e5\u5f80\u8fd4\u4f26\u6566\u7684\u8d2d\u7269\u6e38\u4ee5\u53ca\u524d\u5f80\u4e1c\u6b27\u5b97\u6559\u5723\u5730\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002[18]1997\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8d27\u8fd0\u90e8\u95e8\u3002[38][\u9700\u8981\u6f84\u6e05]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.7 21\u4e16\u7eaa | 21st century<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El Al’s first Boeing 777<\/a> embarked on its maiden flight in March 2000. Later that year the controversy over flights on Shabbat erupted again, when the airline announced that it was losing US$55 million a year by grounding its planes on Saturdays. After privatization of the company began in June 2003, the policy regarding Shabbat flights was expected to change.[20]<\/a>[24]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3777\u4e8e2000\u5e743\u6708\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9996\u822a\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u822a\u73ed\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u518d\u6b21\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u5ba3\u5e03\u56e0\u5468\u516d\u505c\u98de\u98de\u673a\u6bcf\u5e74\u635f\u59315500\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u30022003\u5e746\u6708\u516c\u53f8\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb\u540e\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u6709\u5173\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u98de\u884c\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5c06\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u3002[20][24]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first phase of the long-delayed privatization of the company commenced in June 2003 and by Israel’s Government Companies Authority, headed by Eyal Gabbai<\/a>. 15 percent of El Al’s shares were listed on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange<\/a>. By June 2004, 50% of the company had been sold to the public. By January 2005, a controlling share of the company had been transferred to Knafaim-Arkia Holdings Ltd.[24]<\/a><\/sup> As of October 2014, El Al’s major shareholders were Knafaim Holdings (36%), Ginsburg Group (10%) and Delek Group (10%).[39]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u957f\u4e45\u62d6\u5ef6\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u79c1\u6709\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4e8e2003\u5e746\u6708\u7531\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u53f8\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\uff08\u7531Eyal Gabbai\u9886\u5bfc\uff09\u542f\u52a8\u3002EL AL 15%\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u5728\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u8bc1\u5238\u4ea4\u6613\u6240\u4e0a\u5e02\u3002\u52302004\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u516c\u53f850%\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\u5df2\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u51fa\u552e\u3002\u52302005\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u63a7\u80a1\u6743\u5df2\u8f6c\u8ba9\u7ed9Knafaim-Arkia Holdings Ltd.\u3002[24]\u622a\u81f32014\u5e7410\u6708\uff0cEL AL\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u80a1\u4e1c\u5305\u62ecKnafaim Holdings\uff0836%\uff09\u3001Ginsburg Group\uff0810%\uff09\u548cDelek Group\uff0810%\uff09\u3002[39]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August 2010, El Al and JetBlue<\/a> signed an agreement to provide connecting through tickets between Israel and 61 destinations in the United States from October 2010, via John F. Kennedy International Airport<\/a> in New York.[40]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112010\u5e748\u6708\uff0cEL AL\u4e0eJetBlue\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u5408\u4f5c\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4ece2010\u5e7410\u6708\u8d77\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebd\u7ea6\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f80\u8fd4\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd61\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u63d0\u4f9b\u8054\u7a0b\u673a\u7968\u3002[40]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2015, El Al introduced a requirement that female flight attendants wear high heels until passengers had been seated.[41]<\/a><\/sup> The airline’s workers’ union stated that the requirement would endanger the health and safety of the flight attendants and instructed its members to ignore the rule. Later that year the requirement was removed.[42]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112015\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5373\u5973\u6027\u4e58\u52a1\u5458\u5728\u4e58\u5ba2\u5c31\u5ea7\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u7a7f\u7740\u9ad8\u8ddf\u978b\u3002[41]\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5de5\u4f1a\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8981\u6c42\u4f1a\u5371\u5bb3\u4e58\u52a1\u5458\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u793a\u5176\u6210\u5458\u5ffd\u7565\u8fd9\u9879\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u665a\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8981\u6c42\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\u3002[42]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August 2017, El Al made their inaugural flight of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner<\/a>. Their first variant of the plane was the 787-9, but in late 2019, they took delivery of the 787-8. The inaugural service was from Tel Aviv to London and Paris, with the transatlantic inaugural flight from Tel Aviv to Newark. El Al introduced a Premium Economy<\/a> to this aircraft, in a 2-3-2 configuration. They also launched an upgraded Business Class<\/a> with \u201cpods\u201d in a 1-2-1 configuration. This was upgraded from the original 2-3-2 configuration of their Business Class on the 777-200. Their Economy Class<\/a> now also featured large personal touch screen entertainment and WiFi. In Business Class, the seats go to a 90\u00b0 flat bed, have personal service, large touchscreen personal entertainment screens, and storage.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112017\u5e748\u6708\uff0cEL AL\u8fce\u6765\u4e86\u6ce2\u97f3787\u68a6\u60f3\u98de\u673a\u7684\u9996\u822a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5f15\u8fdb\u7684\u662f787-9\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u5230\u4e862019\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u63a5\u6536\u4e86787-8\u578b\u3002\u9996\u822a\u822a\u73ed\u662f\u4ece\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u98de\u5f80\u4f26\u6566\u548c\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u8de8\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u7684\u9996\u822a\u822a\u73ed\u5219\u662f\u4ece\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u98de\u5f80\u7ebd\u74e6\u514b\u3002EL AL\u5728\u8fd9\u6b3e\u98de\u673a\u4e0a\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u9ad8\u7aef\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8231\uff0c\u91c7\u75282-3-2\u5e03\u5c40\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u6b3e\u5347\u7ea7\u7248\u5546\u52a1\u8231\uff0c\u91c7\u75281-2-1\u5e03\u5c40\u7684\u201c\u8231\u4f4d\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ece\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728777-200\u4e0a\u7684\u5546\u52a1\u8231\u539f2-3-2\u5e03\u5c40\u5347\u7ea7\u800c\u6765\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8231\u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u914d\u5907\u4e86\u5927\u578b\u4e2a\u4eba\u89e6\u6478\u5c4f\u5a31\u4e50\u7cfb\u7edf\u548cWiFi\u3002\u5546\u52a1\u8231\u7684\u5ea7\u6905\u53ef\u5e73\u8eba\u81f390\u00b0\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u5927\u578b\u89e6\u6478\u5c4f\u4e2a\u4eba\u5a31\u4e50\u5c4f\u5e55\u548c\u50a8\u7269\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In April 2018 the Israel Postal Company<\/a> issued a stamp with different El Al-planes commemorating the 70th anniversary of the airline.[43]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112018\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u90ae\u653f\u516c\u53f8\u53d1\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u679a\u90ae\u7968\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u5370\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684EL AL\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u4ee5\u7eaa\u5ff5\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u6210\u7acb70\u5468\u5e74\u3002[43]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In July 2019, El Al retired its sole freight aircraft, a Boeing 747-400F<\/a>, ending its dedicated cargo flights. The airline plans to use charter services by other airlines for this purpose from now on.[44]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112019\u5e747\u6708\uff0cEL AL\u9000\u5f79\u4e86\u5176\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u8d27\u8fd0\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3747-400F\uff0c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u8d27\u8fd0\u822a\u73ed\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u8ba1\u5212\u4ece\u6b64\u4ee5\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5305\u673a\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e00\u9700\u6c42\u3002[44]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2019\u5e7411\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u822a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce2\u97f3747-400\u6267\u98de\u7f57\u9a6c\u81f3\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u7684LY1747\u6b21\u544a\u522b\u822a\u73ed<\/a>\u540e\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7ed3\u675f\u5176\u957f\u8fbe48\u5e74\u7684\u6ce2\u97f3747\u8fd0\u8425[15]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In March 2020, El Al suspended operations due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic<\/a>. The Israeli government had announced that all foreign and Israeli passport holders would have to undergo a 14-day quarantine upon arrival into the country. El Al also converted some of their Boeing 787 Dreamliner<\/a> airplanes to serve as cargo flights to transport medical goods from China to Europe through Tel Aviv’s Ben Gurion Airport<\/a>. El Al also offered some passenger flights to get stranded Israeli citizens home. These flights went from Tel Aviv to Miami, New York, London, Paris, and more. They also offered two services to Australia<\/a> during the pandemic. This was the first ever nonstop flight from Israel to Australia. El Al offered one flight from Tel Aviv to Perth and Tel Aviv to Melbourne.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112020\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6301\u7eed\u7684COVID-19\u75ab\u60c5\uff0cEL AL\u6682\u505c\u4e86\u8fd0\u8425\u3002\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5916\u56fd\u548c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u62a4\u7167\u6301\u6709\u8005\u5165\u5883\u540e\u9700\u63a5\u53d714\u5929\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u3002EL AL\u8fd8\u5c06\u90e8\u5206\u6ce2\u97f3787\u68a6\u60f3\u5ba2\u673a\u6539\u9020\u4e3a\u8d27\u673a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u7684\u672c\u00b7\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd0\u8f93\u533b\u7597\u7269\u8d44\u5230\u6b27\u6d32\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cEL AL\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u5ba2\u8fd0\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6ede\u7559\u6d77\u5916\u7684\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u516c\u6c11\u56de\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u822a\u73ed\u4ece\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u98de\u5f80\u8fc8\u963f\u5bc6\u3001\u7ebd\u7ea6\u3001\u4f26\u6566\u3001\u5df4\u9ece\u7b49\u5730\u3002\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u98de\u5f80\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u9996\u6b21\u76f4\u98de\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u98de\u5f80\u73c0\u65af\u548c\u58a8\u5c14\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 1 July 2020, after returning substantial amounts of leased aircraft (and canceling current leases) the airline canceled all flights and suspended operations indefinitely.[45]<\/a><\/sup> On 6 July, the company announced it had worked out a bailout<\/a> deal with the government to make up the hundreds of millions of dollars it had lost due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel<\/a> and abroad. The proposed deal would net the airline $250 million in government loans (with a guarantee for 75 percent of the loan in case of defaults) and an additional $150 million from its own sale of company shares which, if not sold, would be purchased by the government.[46]<\/a><\/sup> The deal was approved by a Knesset<\/a> committee. On 17 September, it was announced that Kanfei Nesharim, a company owned by 27-year-old Eli Rozenberg<\/a> (son of US Centers Health Care<\/a> nursing home chain founder Kenny Rozenberg), had bought a controlling 42.85% stake[47]<\/a><\/sup> in the airline with a $107 million offer. Under the prior negotiated bailout deal, the Israeli government, which had committed to buying any unwanted shares as part of a rescue package, bought $34 million worth of shares, for a stake that equals roughly 15% of the company. The holdings of El Al’s owners before the bailout, Knafaim Holdings, fell to 15.2% from 38%.[48]<\/a><\/sup> The new management will seek to emphasize “punctuality” and work to upgrade food services across all classes.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112020\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\uff0cEL AL\u5728\u5f52\u8fd8\u5927\u91cf\u79df\u8d41\u98de\u673a\u5e76\u53d6\u6d88\u73b0\u6709\u79df\u7ea6\u540e\uff0c\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u6682\u505c\u8fd0\u8425\u3002[45]7\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u5ba3\u5e03\u5df2\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u9879\u6551\u52a9\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f25\u8865\u56e0\u56fd\u5185\u5916COVID-19\u75ab\u60c5\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6570\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u635f\u5931\u3002\u8be5\u63d0\u8bae\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u5305\u62ec\u83b7\u5f97\u653f\u5e9c2.5\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u8d37\u6b3e\uff08\u82e5\u8fdd\u7ea6\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5c06\u62c5\u4fdd\u8d37\u6b3e\u768475%\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e6\u5916\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u53f8\u80a1\u4efd\u51fa\u552e\u83b7\u5f971.5\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u82e5\u80a1\u4efd\u672a\u80fd\u552e\u51fa\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5c06\u8d2d\u4e70\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u80a1\u4efd\u3002[46]\u8be5\u534f\u8bae\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8bae\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u6279\u51c6\u30029\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u753127\u5c81\u7684Eli Rozenberg\uff08\u7f8e\u56fdCenters Health Care\u517b\u8001\u9662\u8fde\u9501\u673a\u6784\u521b\u59cb\u4ebaKenny Rozenberg\u4e4b\u5b50\uff09\u6240\u6709\u7684Kanfei Nesharim\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u4ee51.07\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u62a5\u4ef7\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86EL AL 42.85%\u7684\u63a7\u80a1\u80a1\u4efd\u3002[47]\u6839\u636e\u5148\u524d\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u6551\u52a9\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u653f\u5e9c\u627f\u8bfa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6551\u63f4\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8d2d\u4e70\u4efb\u4f55\u672a\u552e\u51fa\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4ef7\u503c3400\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u80a1\u4efd\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u516c\u53f8\u80a1\u4efd\u768415%\u3002EL AL\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u63a7\u80a1\u516c\u53f8Knafaim Holdings\u5728\u6551\u52a9\u540e\u7684\u6301\u80a1\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ece38%\u964d\u81f315.2%\u3002[48]\u65b0\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u5c06\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u51c6\u65f6\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u52aa\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u6240\u6709\u8231\u4f4d\u7684\u9910\u996e\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2020\u5e748\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4e0e\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8054\u5408\u914b\u957f\u56fd\u5efa\u4ea4\uff0c\u4ee5\u822a\u5f00\u822a\u98de\u5f80\u8fea\u62dc\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a<\/a>\u7684\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f<\/a>\u9996\u6b21\u6838\u51c6\u4ee5\u822a\u98de\u673a\u98de\u8d8a\u9886\u7a7a[16]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 17 April 2022, El-Al started its first direct flight between the Israeli coastal city of Tel Aviv<\/a> and Egypt’s Red Sea resort of Sharm el-Sheikh<\/a>. Flight 5193 is operated by El-Al subsidiary Sun d\u2019Or.[49]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112022\u5e744\u670817\u65e5\uff0cEL AL\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u9996\u4e2a\u76f4\u98de\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6d77\u6ee8\u57ce\u5e02\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u548c\u57c3\u53ca\u7ea2\u6d77\u5ea6\u5047\u80dc\u5730\u6c99\u59c6\u6c99\u4f0a\u8d6b\u3002\u8be5\u822a\u73ed\u53f7\u4e3a5193\uff0c\u7531EL AL\u7684\u5b50\u516c\u53f8Sun d\u2019Or\u8fd0\u8425\u3002[49]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In October 2023, following the need for the urgent return of reserve soldiers due to the start of the Israel-Hamas war<\/a>, El Al gained halachic<\/a> approval from the Chief Rabbinate of Israel<\/a> to break a 40-year policy of not flying on Shabbat<\/a>, with the last time it flew on a Sabbath being in 1982 during the First Lebanon War<\/a>.[50]<\/a>[51]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112023\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4e0e\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u540e\u6025\u9700\u53ec\u56de\u9884\u5907\u5f79\u58eb\u5175\uff0cEL AL\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u9996\u5e2d\u62c9\u6bd4\u516c\u4f1a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u4e8640\u5e74\u6765\u4e0d\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u98de\u884c\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u98de\u884c\u662f\u57281982\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u6218\u4e89\u671f\u95f4\u3002[50][51]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u516c\u53f8\u4e8b\u52a1\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc6\u522b | Company affairs and identity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe2-1\u548c2-2\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

2.1 \u603b\u90e8 |Headquarters<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe2-3\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

2.2 \u8fd0\u8425 | Operations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe2-4\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

During 2005, the airline transported 3.5 million passengers, a rise from 3.2 million in 2004 and 2.8 million in 2003.[53]<\/a><\/sup> 60% of the airline’s passengers are Israeli.[54]<\/a><\/sup> In 2006, El Al posted a $44.6 million loss on revenues of $1.665 billion.[55]<\/a><\/sup> The company is facing four lawsuits, two of which have been approved as class actions<\/a>, which could cost the company $176.2 million.[when?<\/a><\/em>][56]<\/a><\/sup> El Al spends $100 million a year to conform with airline security measures required by Israel’s Shin Bet<\/a> security service.[57]<\/a><\/sup> In early 2007, El Al opened a new King David Lounge<\/a> at Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris. New lounges at Heathrow Airport in London and JFK International Airport in New York had also opened in late 2007.[58]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u57282005\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u8fd0\u9001\u4e86350\u4e07\u4e58\u5ba2\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd42004\u5e74\u7684320\u4e07\u548c2003\u5e74\u7684280\u4e07\u6709\u6240\u589e\u957f\u3002[53]\u8be5\u516c\u53f860%\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u662f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u3002[54]2006\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u572816.65\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u6536\u5165\u4e2d\u62a5\u544a\u4e864460\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u4e8f\u635f\u3002[55]\u516c\u53f8\u9762\u4e34\u56db\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u8d77\u5df2\u88ab\u6279\u51c6\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u516c\u53f8\u635f\u59311.762\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002[\u4f55\u65f6\uff1f][56]EL AL\u6bcf\u5e74\u82b1\u8d391\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u4ee5\u9075\u5b88\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5c40\uff08Shin Bet\uff09\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002[57]2007\u5e74\u521d\uff0cEL AL\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u673a\u573a\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e86\u65b0\u7684King David\u8d35\u5bbe\u5ba4\u3002\u540c\u5e74\u665a\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4f26\u6566\u5e0c\u601d\u7f57\u673a\u573a\u548c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a\u7684\u65b0\u8d35\u5bbe\u5ba4\u4e5f\u76f8\u7ee7\u5f00\u4e1a\u3002[58]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2007, El Al invested NIS<\/a> 1 billion in the purchase of two new Boeing 777-200s<\/a> that included an updated El Al decal. The aircraft are fitted with upgraded seats with adjustable headrests and legrests. Each seat is equipped with a touch-screen entertainment system. The first aircraft, named “Sderot<\/a>“, completed its maiden flight from New York to Tel Aviv on 26 July 2007. The second, “Kiryat Shmona<\/a>“, was delivered at the end of August 2007.[59]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112007\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u6295\u8d4410\u4ebf\u8c22\u514b\u5c14\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4e24\u67b6\u65b0\u7684\u6ce2\u97f3777-200\u5ba2\u673a\uff0c\u673a\u8eab\u88c5\u9970\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\u7684EL AL\u6807\u8bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u98de\u673a\u914d\u5907\u4e86\u5e26\u6709\u53ef\u8c03\u8282\u5934\u6795\u548c\u817f\u9760\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u5ea7\u6905\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ea7\u4f4d\u90fd\u914d\u5907\u4e86\u89e6\u6478\u5c4f\u5a31\u4e50\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u67b6\u540d\u4e3a\u201cSderot\u201d\u7684\u98de\u673a\u4e8e2007\u5e747\u670826\u65e5\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4ece\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5230\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u7684\u9996\u822a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u67b6\u540d\u4e3a\u201cKiryat Shmona\u201d\u7684\u98de\u673a\u4e8e2007\u5e748\u6708\u5e95\u4ea4\u4ed8\u3002[59]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the United States Federal Aviation Administration<\/a> downgraded Israel’s aviation safety rating<\/a> to 2 in February 2009, an IATA<\/a> member warned El Al, as well as competing airlines Arkia and Israir<\/a>, that they may appear on the European blacklist of banned carriers<\/a>. Giora Romm<\/a>, head of the Civil Aviation Authority of Israel<\/a>, responded to the claim, stating: “We are in close contact with the Europeans.” He added: “I don’t know what the fuss is about. The Europeans’ e-mail is strange. We are doing everything we can to improve security.” The European Union<\/a> has yet to make an official statement on the matter.[60]<\/a><\/sup> El Al uses the Amadeus CRS<\/a> system for reservation, inventory, check-in and online bookings.[61]<\/a><\/sup> In November 2012, the United States FAA restored Israel’s category 1 rating.[62]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112009\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u822a\u7a7a\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\u5c06\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7ea7\u964d\u7ea7\u4e3a2\u7ea7\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u7a7a\u8fd0\u8f93\u534f\u4f1a\uff08IATA\uff09\u6210\u5458\u8b66\u544aEL AL\u53ca\u5176\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624bArkia\u548cIsrair\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u7981\u98de\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u3002\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6c11\u822a\u5c40\u5c40\u957fGiora Romm\u5bf9\u6b64\u56de\u5e94\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u4e0e\u6b27\u6d32\u65b9\u9762\u4fdd\u6301\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u60ca\u5c0f\u602a\u7684\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u5f88\u5947\u602a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u201d\u6b27\u76df\u5c1a\u672a\u5c31\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u8868\u5b98\u65b9\u58f0\u660e\u3002[60]EL AL\u4f7f\u7528Amadeus\u4e2d\u592e\u9884\u8ba2\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u8ba2\u3001\u5e93\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u767b\u673a\u548c\u5728\u7ebf\u9884\u8ba2\u3002[61]2012\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u822a\u7a7a\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u7b2c1\u7c7b\u8bc4\u7ea7\u3002[62]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Al has a cargo branch, El Al Cargo, which became independent in 1997. As the national cargo airline of Israel, it operates between Tel Aviv, Li\u00e8ge<\/a>, and New York, plus ad hoc worldwide charters with one Boeing 747-200F<\/a> aircraft. Before 2001, when the Israeli air cargo market opened up to competition, El Al Cargo enjoyed a monopoly. Now, its main competition comes from CAL Cargo Air Lines<\/a>.[18]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d27\u8fd0\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5373EL AL Cargo\uff0c\u8be5\u5206\u652f\u57281997\u5e74\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d27\u8fd0\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd0\u8425\u5f80\u8fd4\u4e8e\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u3001\u5217\u65e5\u548c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u5e76\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3747-200F\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u5305\u673a\u670d\u52a1\u30022001\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7a7a\u8fd0\u5e02\u573a\u5411\u7ade\u4e89\u5f00\u653e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cEL AL Cargo\u4eab\u6709\u5784\u65ad\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u6765\u81ea\u4e8eCAL Cargo Air Lines\u3002[18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As of December 2022 the company employs a staff of 4,610 globally, and has a fleet of 47 aircraft.[63]<\/a><\/sup> The company’s revenues for 2023 were $2.503 billion, totaling profits of $263.7 million, compared to losses of $80.7 million in 2016 and a profit of $57 million in 2010.[64]<\/a>[15]<\/a>[16]<\/a><\/sup> El Al has offices in 46 countries, half of them in Europe.[65]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u622a\u81f32022\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u96c7\u7528\u4e864610\u540d\u5458\u5de5\uff0c\u5e76\u62e5\u670947\u67b6\u98de\u673a\u7684\u673a\u961f\u3002[63]2023\u5e74\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u6536\u5165\u4e3a25.03\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u603b\u5229\u6da6\u4e3a2.637\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd42016\u5e74\u4e8f\u635f8070\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u548c2010\u5e74\u76c8\u52295700\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u6709\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002[64][15][16]EL AL\u572846\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bbe\u6709\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u534a\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u3002[65]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Al has Hebrew language<\/a> voiceovers and Arabic language<\/a> subtitles in its flight safety videos<\/a>, which is followed by another video in English<\/a>. In 2017, the safety video was presented by mentalist Lior Suchard<\/a>.[66]<\/a>[67]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u89c6\u9891\u4ee5\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\u914d\u97f3\u548c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed\u5b57\u5e55\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u7248\u672c\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u30022017\u5e74\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u89c6\u9891\u7531\u7cbe\u795e\u9b54\u672f\u5e08Lior Suchard\u5448\u73b0\u3002[66][67]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the period of Shabbat<\/a>, El Al observes Jewish religious traditions by refraining from flight operations and occasionally diverting flights or refraining from takeoff if the scheduled arrival would occur on a Saturday.[68]<\/a><\/sup> Exceptions to this practice are exceptionally rare, having only occurred twice in the airline’s history: first during the First Lebanon War<\/a> and later during the 2023 Israel-Hamas war<\/a>, when flights operated on Shabbat due to exceptional circumstances.[50]<\/a>[51]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\uff0cEL AL\u9075\u5faa\u72b9\u592a\u5b97\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u98de\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u9884\u8ba1\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u5468\u516d\u800c\u6539\u9053\u6216\u63a8\u8fdf\u8d77\u98de\u3002[68]\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u4e24\u6b21\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u6218\u4e89\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u662f\u57282023\u5e74\u4ee5\u8272\u5217-\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u51b2\u7a81\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u8fd0\u8425\u4e86\u822a\u73ed\u3002[50][51]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.3 \u4e1a\u52a1\u8d8b\u52bf | Business trends<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The key trends for El Al Israel Airlines Ltd. are shown below (as at year ending 31 December):[69]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d8b\u52bf\u5982\u4e0b\uff08\u622a\u81f3 12 \u6708 31 \u65e5\u7684\u5e74\u5ea6\uff09\uff1a[69]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3. \u5b50\u516c\u53f8 | Subsidiaries<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

3.1 Borenstein Caterers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The main business of Borenstein, a company fully owned by El Al, registered in the U.S. and operating at New York’s JFK airport, is the production and supply of kosher ready meals to airlines and other institutions.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011Borenstein\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u5b8c\u5168\u7531EL AL\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u6ce8\u518c\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u673a\u573a\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4e1a\u52a1\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u5e76\u5411\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u6784\u4f9b\u5e94\u72b9\u592a\u6d01\u98df\u5373\u98df\u9910\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.2 Katit<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Katit (a company fully owned by El Al) is mainly engaged in the production and supply of meals to the company’s employees.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011Borenstein\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u5b8c\u5168\u7531EL AL\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u6ce8\u518c\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u673a\u573a\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4e1a\u52a1\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u5e76\u5411\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u6784\u4f9b\u5e94\u72b9\u592a\u6d01\u98df\u5373\u98df\u9910\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.3 Sun d’Or<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u56fe2-5\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Main article\u3010\u4e3b\u6761\u76ee\u3011: Sun d’Or<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The charter operations of the Group is carried out through Sun D’Or<\/a>, a company fully owned by El Al. Sun D’Or operates as a tourist organizer for wholesalers and individuals and markets charter and scheduled flights, both by means of leasing full aircraft capacity to third parties, or aircraft parts’ capacity to a number of partners for pre-negotiated prices, or by direct sales. Starting from 2011, Sun D’Or operates as a tourist organizer, while maintaining the “Sun D’Or” brand for scheduled and charter flights marketed by Sun D’Or. In March 2011, The Israel Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) announced the suspension of Sun d’Or’s operating license effective 1 April 2011. The CAA based its decision citing non-compliance with Israeli and international airline management standards, mainly lack of self-owned planes and crew.[73]<\/a><\/sup> Since then, Sun d’Or no longer operates own aircraft but utilizes planes from its parent, El Al.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u5305\u673a\u4e1a\u52a1\u662f\u901a\u8fc7Sun D’Or\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u5b8c\u5168\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8eEL AL\u3002Sun D’Or\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65c5\u6e38\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\uff0c\u4e3a\u6279\u53d1\u5546\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8425\u9500\u5305\u673a\u548c\u5b9a\u671f\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u5c06\u6574\u67b6\u98de\u673a\u7684\u8fd0\u529b\u79df\u8d41\u7ed9\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\uff0c\u6216\u4ee5\u9884\u5148\u534f\u5546\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u5c06\u98de\u673a\u90e8\u5206\u8fd0\u529b\u79df\u8d41\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u9500\u552e\u3002\u81ea2011\u5e74\u8d77\uff0cSun D’Or\u4ee5\u65c5\u6e38\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u201cSun D’Or\u201d\u54c1\u724c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8eSun D’Or\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u9500\u552e\u7684\u5b9a\u671f\u822a\u73ed\u548c\u5305\u673a\u822a\u73ed\u30022011\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6c11\u7528\u822a\u7a7a\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\uff08CAA\uff09\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u81ea2011\u5e744\u67081\u65e5\u8d77\u6682\u505cSun D’Or\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u3002CAA\u505a\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a\u57fa\u4e8eSun D’Or\u672a\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u81ea\u6709\u98de\u673a\u548c\u673a\u7ec4\u4eba\u5458\u3002[73]\u81ea\u6b64\u4ee5\u540e\uff0cSun D’Or\u4e0d\u518d\u8fd0\u8425\u81ea\u6709\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u6bcd\u516c\u53f8EL AL\u7684\u98de\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.4 Superstar Holidays<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Superstar (a company fully owned by El Al) is a tourist wholesaler that markets tourist package deals to travel agents and passengers, and sells airline tickets at discounted prices for flights on the company’s routes.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011Superstar\uff08\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u5168\u8d44\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u65c5\u6e38\u6279\u53d1\u5546\uff0c\u5411\u65c5\u884c\u793e\u548c\u4e58\u5ba2\u63a8\u9500\u65c5\u6e38\u5957\u9910\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6298\u6263\u4ef7\u51fa\u552e\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u822a\u7ebf\u7684\u673a\u7968\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.5 Tamam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tamam (a company fully owned by El Al) is mainly engaged in the production and supply of kosher ready meals to airline companies.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011Tamam \uff08\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u5168\u8d44\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff09\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u4f9b\u5e94\u72b9\u592a\u6d01\u98df\u5373\u98df\u98df\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.6 \u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u5b50\u516c\u53f8 | Former<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

3.6.1 Up<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Main article\u3010\u4e3b\u6761\u76ee\u3011: Up (airline)<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\u56fe3-1\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

On 26 November 2013, El Al unveiled its now-defunct low cost airline Up<\/em>,[74]<\/a>[75]<\/a><\/sup> which commenced operations on 30 March 2014, initially to Berlin<\/a>, Budapest<\/a>, Kyiv<\/a>, Larnaca<\/a> and Prague<\/a>[75]<\/a><\/sup> using five Boeing 737-800s<\/a> transferred from the El Al fleet.[75]<\/a><\/sup> Up<\/em> was founded by its parent El Al to be used on some routes to Europe where it replaced El Al itself. All Up<\/em> flights were operated by El Al, using El Al’s call sign and codes with a four digit number.[75]<\/a><\/sup> For flights over two hours the airline offered a buy on board<\/a> service.[76]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112013\u5e7411\u670826\u65e5\uff0cEL AL\u63ed\u6653\u4e86\u5176\u73b0\u5df2\u505c\u8fd0\u7684\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u822a\u7a7a\u54c1\u724cUp\uff0c[74][75]\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u4e8e2014\u5e743\u670830\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u521d\u671f\u822a\u7ebf\u5305\u62ec\u67cf\u6797\u3001\u5e03\u8fbe\u4f69\u65af\u3001\u57fa\u8f85\u3001\u62c9\u7eb3\u5361\u548c\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u3002[75]Up\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4eceEL AL\u673a\u961f\u8f6c\u79fb\u6765\u7684\u4e94\u67b6\u6ce2\u97f3737-800\u98de\u673a\u3002[75]Up\u7531\u5176\u6bcd\u516c\u53f8EL AL\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u66ff\u4ee3EL Al\u81ea\u5df1\u8fd0\u8425\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6b27\u6d32\u822a\u7ebf\u3002\u6240\u6709Up\u822a\u73ed\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7531EL Al\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528EL Al\u7684\u547c\u53f7\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u822a\u73ed\u7f16\u53f7\u4e3a\u56db\u4f4d\u6570\u3002[75]\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e24\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ed8\u8d39\u9009\u8d2d\u7684\u673a\u4e0a\u670d\u52a1\u3002[76]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In August 2014, Ryanair<\/a> CEO Michael O’Leary<\/a> foreshadowed the development of a Ryanair Israel<\/em>, connecting Israel with cities across Europe. He said an inhibiting factor in the plan was Israeli authorities’ protectiveness of El Al from competition. The CEO of Up<\/em> wished to recreate the airline business world.[77]<\/a><\/sup> Ryanair started serving Ovda Airport<\/a> and Ben Gurion Airport<\/a> in the winter season 2017\/18 from several airports throughout Europe.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112014\u5e748\u6708\uff0cRyanair\u7684CEO\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u5965\u5229\u91cc\u9884\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4e0e\u6b27\u6d32\u591a\u57ce\u5e02\u7684Ryanair\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u963b\u788d\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5f53\u5c40\u5bf9EL Al\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u514d\u53d7\u7ade\u4e89\u5f71\u54cd\u3002Up\u7684CEO\u5e0c\u671b\u91cd\u5851\u822a\u7a7a\u5546\u4e1a\u4e16\u754c\u3002[77]Ryanair\u4ece2017\/18\u51ac\u5b63\u822a\u5b63\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u6b27\u6d32\u591a\u4e2a\u673a\u573a\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u5965\u592b\u8fbe\u673a\u573a\u548c\u672c\u00b7\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u673a\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Up<\/em> ceased operations on 14 October 2018. All of its six destinations and fleet were reintegrated into mainline El Al operations.[78]<\/a>[79]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011Up\u4e8e2018\u5e7410\u670814\u65e5\u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u5176\u516d\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u548c\u673a\u961f\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u6574\u5408\u8fdbEL Al\u7684\u4e3b\u822a\u7ebf\u8fd0\u8425\u4e2d\u3002[78][79]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u5b89\u5168 | Security<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

As a target for terrorism, El Al employs stringent security procedures, both on the ground and on board its aircraft. Though time-consuming, these procedures have won El Al’s security reputation.[10]<\/a><\/sup> In 2008, the airline was named by Global Traveler<\/em> magazine as the world’s most secure airline.[7]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0cEL AL\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5b89\u4fdd\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u5730\u9762\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u98de\u673a\u4e0a\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8017\u65f6\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86EL Al\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u3002[10]2008\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u88ab\u300aGlobal Traveler\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u8bc4\u9009\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u3002[7]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u516c\u8ba4\u4fdd\u5b89\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8<\/a>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u900f\u8fc7\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u67e5\u963b\u6b62\u5927\u91cf\u4f01\u56fe\u52ab\u673a<\/a>\u6216\u6050\u6016\u88ad\u51fb<\/a>\u7684\u4eba\u767b\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u53ea\u57281968\u5e74\u88ab\u9a91\u52ab\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.1 \u673a\u8f7d\u5bfc\u5f39\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf | Onboard missile defense systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El Al planes have been fitted with anti-missile counter-measures since the early 2000s, with the initial system known as Flight Guard<\/a>.[80]<\/a>[81]<\/a>[82]<\/a>[83]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u81ea21\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u4ee5\u6765\uff0cEL AL\u7684\u98de\u673a\u5df2\u7ecf\u88c5\u5907\u4e86\u53cd\u5bfc\u5f39\u9632\u5fa1\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aFlight Guard\u3002[80][81][82][83]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since the early 2000s, El Al has fit its planes with systems to defend against anti-aircraft missiles<\/a>. In 2014, El Al began to fit some of its planes that fly on more sensitive routes with an updated missile approach warning system<\/a> (MAWS) that employs an infrared missile-tracking camera, an \u201cinfrared (IR), ultra-violet (UV), or radar missile-approach warning sensor to detect a missile launch in the very early stages of an attack\u201d and a laser system to act as a counter-measure.[84]<\/a><\/sup> In November 2014, under the Israeli government’s SkyShield programme, Elbit<\/a>‘s Commercial Multi-Spectral Infrared Countermeasures (C-MUSIC) system was adopted by El Al. “C-MUSIC is one of the biggest and most complex projects ever undertaken at Elbit and in Israel”.[85]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u81ea2000\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u4ee5\u6765\uff0cEL AL\u4e3a\u5176\u98de\u673a\u914d\u5907\u4e86\u9632\u5fa1\u9632\u7a7a\u5bfc\u5f39\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u30022014\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u5176\u90e8\u5206\u98de\u5f80\u66f4\u654f\u611f\u822a\u7ebf\u7684\u98de\u673a\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5bfc\u5f39\u903c\u8fd1\u8b66\u544a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08MAWS\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7ea2\u5916\u5bfc\u5f39\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6444\u50cf\u673a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u7ea2\u5916\uff08IR\uff09\u3001\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\uff08UV\uff09\u6216\u96f7\u8fbe\u5bfc\u5f39\u903c\u8fd1\u9884\u8b66\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u6781\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5bfc\u5f39\u53d1\u5c04\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u914d\u5907\u6fc0\u5149\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6297\u63aa\u65bd\u3002[84]2014\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u653f\u5e9c\u7684SkyShield\u9879\u76ee\uff0cEL AL\u91c7\u7528\u4e86Elbit\u7684\u5546\u7528\u591a\u5149\u8c31\u7ea2\u5916\u5bf9\u6297\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08C-MUSIC\uff09\u3002\u201cC-MUSIC\u662fElbit\u4e43\u81f3\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u6765\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u6700\u5927\u3001\u6700\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u4e00\u201d\u3002[85]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.2 \u673a\u573a\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd | Airport security measures<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

At Israel’s Ben Gurion Airport<\/a>, plainclothes and uniformed agents monitor the premises for explosives, suspicious behavior, and other threats. Armed security personnel also patrol El Al terminals overseas. Inside the terminal, passengers and their baggage are checked by a trained team. El Al security procedures require that all passengers be interviewed individually prior to boarding, allowing El Al staff to identify possible security threats. Passengers are asked questions about their place of origin, the reason for their trip, their job or occupation, and whether they have packed their bags themselves. In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks<\/a>, El Al was cited to believe that interviewers could have spotted signs of nervousness.[86]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u672c\u00b7\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u673a\u573a\uff0c\u4fbf\u8863\u548c\u5236\u670d\u8b66\u5458\u76d1\u63a7\u7740\u73b0\u573a\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u7206\u70b8\u7269\u3001\u53ef\u7591\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u6b66\u88c5\u5b89\u4fdd\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u7684EL AL\u822a\u7ad9\u697c\u5de1\u903b\u3002\u5728\u822a\u7ad9\u697c\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u4e58\u5ba2\u53ca\u5176\u884c\u674e\u7531\u8bad\u7ec3\u6709\u7d20\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\u3002EL AL\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u4e58\u5ba2\u5728\u767b\u673a\u524d\u63a5\u53d7\u4e2a\u522b\u8bbf\u8c08\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbfEL Al\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u8bc6\u522b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e58\u5ba2\u4f1a\u88ab\u95ee\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u5730\u3001\u65c5\u884c\u539f\u56e0\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u6216\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u81ea\u884c\u6253\u5305\u884c\u674e\u30029\u00b711\u88ad\u51fb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u62a5\u9053\u79f0EL Al\u76f8\u4fe1\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u7d27\u5f20\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002[86]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the check-in counter, passengers’ passports<\/a> and tickets are closely examined. A passport without a sticker from the security checkers will not be accepted. At passport control, passengers’ names are checked against information from the FBI<\/a>, Canadian Security Intelligence Service<\/a> (CSIS), Scotland Yard<\/a>, Shin Bet<\/a>, and Interpol<\/a> databases. Luggage is screened and sometimes hand searched. In addition, bags are put through a decompression chamber simulating pressures during flight that could trigger explosives.[87]<\/a><\/sup> Even at overseas airports, El Al security agents conduct all luggage searches personally, even if they are supervised by government or private security firms.[88]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5728\u503c\u673a\u67dc\u53f0\uff0c\u4e58\u5ba2\u7684\u62a4\u7167\u548c\u673a\u7968\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8d34\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u67e5\u5458\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u62a4\u7167\u5c06\u4e0d\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u5728\u62a4\u7167\u68c0\u67e5\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u4e58\u5ba2\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4f1a\u4e0e\u6765\u81eaFBI\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5b89\u5168\u60c5\u62a5\u5c40\uff08CSIS\uff09\u3001\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u573a\u3001\u8f9b\u8d1d\u7279\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u5211\u8b66\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u6838\u5bf9\u3002\u884c\u674e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7b5b\u67e5\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u624b\u5de5\u641c\u67e5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u884c\u674e\u8fd8\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5165\u6a21\u62df\u98de\u884c\u4e2d\u538b\u529b\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u51cf\u538b\u8231\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u9a8c\u53ef\u80fd\u89e6\u53d1\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u3002[87]\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u673a\u573a\uff0cEL Al\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4eb2\u81ea\u8fdb\u884c\u6240\u6709\u884c\u674e\u7684\u641c\u67e5\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u641c\u67e5\u662f\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u79c1\u8425\u5b89\u4fdd\u516c\u53f8\u76d1\u7763\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002[88]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.3 \u98de\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd | Flight security measures<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Undercover agents (sometimes referred to as sky marshals<\/a>) carrying concealed firearms sit among the passengers on every international El Al flight.[89]<\/a><\/sup> Most El Al pilots are former Israeli Air Force<\/a> pilots.[90]<\/a>[note 1]<\/a><\/sup> The cockpits in all El Al aircraft have double doors to prevent entry by unauthorized persons. A code is required to access the doors, and the second door will open only after the first has closed and the person has been identified by the captain or first officer.[90]<\/a><\/sup> Furthermore, there are reinforced steel floors separating the passenger cabin from the baggage hold.[91]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u643a\u5e26\u9690\u853d\u67aa\u652f\u7684\u5367\u5e95\u7279\u5de5\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u8b66\u5bdf\uff09\u5750\u5728\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u7684\u6bcf\u67b6\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u73ed\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u4e2d\u95f4\u3002[89] \u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u98de\u884c\u5458\u90fd\u662f\u524d\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7a7a\u519b\u98de\u884c\u5458\u3002[90][\u6ce8 1] \u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u98de\u673a\u7684\u9a7e\u9a76\u8231\u90fd\u6709\u53cc\u95e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u5165\u3002\u8fdb\u5165\u8231\u95e8\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6247\u95e8\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6247\u95e8\u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u4e14\u673a\u957f\u6216\u526f\u9a7e\u9a76\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86\u4e58\u5ba2\u8eab\u4efd\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u6253\u5f00\u3002[90] \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5ba2\u8231\u548c\u884c\u674e\u8231\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u94a2\u7b4b\u5730\u677f\u3002[91]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[note 1]Most, but not all, El Al’s pilots are former pilots of the Israeli Air Force<\/a>. An article dedicated to an El Al female captain can be found at “With Yom Haatzmaut Festivities, a Gender Barrier Is Broken”<\/a>, The Sisterhood, The Forward<\/a><\/em>.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011[\u6ce8 1]\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\uff08\u4f46\u5e76\u975e\u5168\u90e8\uff09\u98de\u884c\u5458\u90fd\u662f\u524d\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7a7a\u519b\u98de\u884c\u5458\u3002\u5728\u201c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u5e86\u795d\u72ec\u7acb\u65e5\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u969c\u788d\u88ab\u6253\u7834\u201d\u3001The Sisterhood\u3001The Forward \u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e13\u95e8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u5973\u673a\u957f\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In April 2013, the Israeli government increased payments to El Al to secure 97.5% of the airline’s security costs ahead of the Open Skies agreement to take effect in 2014 with the European Union<\/a>.[92]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112013 \u5e74 4 \u6708\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u653f\u5e9c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5bf9\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u7684\u4ed8\u6b3e\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5728 2014 \u5e74\u4e0e\u6b27\u76df\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u5929\u7a7a\u534f\u8bae\u751f\u6548\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8 97.5% \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8d39\u7528\u3002[92]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. \u4e89\u8bae | Controversies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

5.1 \u5b89\u5168\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u4e58\u5ba2\u5206\u6790 | Security controversy and passenger profiling<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The airline was criticized by Hungarian courts for refusing to search luggage with the passenger present, acting against Hungarian domestic laws stipulating that only authorized officials are able to undertake such searches.[93]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u56e0\u62d2\u7edd\u5728\u65c5\u5ba2\u5728\u573a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f00\u7bb1\u68c0\u67e5\u884c\u674e\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u5308\u7259\u5229\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u5308\u7259\u5229\u56fd\u5185\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u53ea\u6709\u6388\u6743\u5b98\u5458\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u6b64\u7c7b\u68c0\u67e5\u3002[93]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In 2008, a civil case was brought to the Supreme Court of Israel<\/a> by the Association for Civil Rights in Israel<\/a>, which alleged that El Al’s practice of ethnic profiling illegally singled out Arab passengers for tougher treatment.[94]<\/a><\/sup> The group had petitioned “for the complete elimination of racial profiling” by the airline.[95]<\/a><\/sup> In 2015, the court dismissed the petition on procedural grounds, accepting in part the government’s argument “that it could not completely change without heavily burdening all travelers,” but reimbursing the Association for Civil Rights in Israel a total of NIS<\/a> 30,000 for its legal fees, and finding that the petition “had already gotten security to be less discriminatory.”[95]<\/a><\/sup> The court left the door open for a renewed petition in the future if required.[95]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112008\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u534f\u4f1a\u5411\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u63d0\u8d77\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u6307\u63a7EL AL\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u5256\u6790\u505a\u6cd5\u975e\u6cd5\u5730\u5355\u72ec\u9488\u5bf9\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e58\u5ba2\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5bf9\u5f85\u3002[94]\u8be5\u56e2\u4f53\u8bf7\u613f\u201c\u5f7b\u5e95\u6d88\u9664\u79cd\u65cf\u5256\u6790\u201d\u3002[95]2015\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u4ee5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7406\u7531\u9a73\u56de\u4e86\u8bf7\u613f\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u6539\u53d8\u800c\u4e0d\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u65c5\u5ba2\u5e26\u6765\u6c89\u91cd\u8d1f\u62c5\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u5411\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u534f\u4f1a\u62a5\u9500\u4e86\u603b\u8ba13\u4e07\u65b0\u8c22\u514b\u5c14\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u73b0\u8bf7\u613f\u201c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6b67\u89c6\u6027\u201d\u3002[95]\u6cd5\u9662\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u91cd\u65b0\u63d0\u51fa\u8bf7\u613f\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4f59\u5730\u3002[95]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.2 \u5bf9\u5f85\u5973\u6027\u4e58\u5ba2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f | Treatment of female passengers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In September 2014, it was reported that there have been repeated incidents where some ultra-Orthodox male passengers refused to sit next to female passengers, sometimes delaying flights. As a result, a petition was initiated with Change.org<\/a> to pressure El Al to alter their policy of allowing ultra-Orthodox passengers on flights to negotiate switching seats. The petition reads: “Why does El Al Airlines permit female passengers to be bullied, harassed, and intimidated into switching seats which they rightfully paid for and were assigned to by El Al Airlines? One person’s religious rights do not trump another person’s civil rights.”[96]<\/a>[97]<\/a>[98]<\/a>[99]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112014\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u6709\u62a5\u9053\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\u6781\u7aef\u6b63\u7edf\u72b9\u592a\u7537\u6027\u4e58\u5ba2\u62d2\u7edd\u5750\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4e58\u5ba2\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u751a\u81f3\u5bfc\u81f4\u822a\u73ed\u5ef6\u8bef\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5728Change.org\u4e0a\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u613f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42EL AL\u6539\u53d8\u5141\u8bb8\u6781\u7aef\u6b63\u7edf\u72b9\u592a\u4e58\u5ba2\u5728\u822a\u73ed\u4e0a\u534f\u5546\u6362\u5ea7\u4f4d\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u8bf7\u613f\u4e66\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48EL Al\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5141\u8bb8\u5973\u6027\u4e58\u5ba2\u88ab\u6b3a\u51cc\u3001\u9a9a\u6270\u548c\u6050\u5413\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u66f4\u6362\u5979\u4eec\u5408\u6cd5\u8d2d\u4e70\u5e76\u7531EL Al\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5ea7\u4f4d\uff1f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6743\u5229\u4e0d\u80fd\u51cc\u9a7e\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u201d[96][97][98][99]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Following the incidents, Iris Richman, founder of Jewish Voices Together<\/em>, a group created to address issues of religious pluralism in Israel and the U.S., encouraged passengers to protest this behavior through the US government, referencing “49 U.S. Code \u00a7 40127 \u2013 Prohibitions on discrimination: Persons in Air Transportation”. According to this directive, she wrote, “An air carrier or foreign air carrier may not subject a person in air transportation to discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, or ancestry.” Richman contacted the U.S. Department of Transportation, Aviation Consumer Protection Division, and stated the department “is willing to investigate any situation where any employee of a carrier \u2013 i. e., a steward\/ess<\/a> \u2013 participated in asking someone to change a seat because of their gender”.[100]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u58f0\u97f3\u8054\u5408\uff08Jewish Voices Together\uff09\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4ebaIris Richman\u9f13\u52b1\u4e58\u5ba2\u901a\u8fc7\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6297\u8bae\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5979\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u201c49 U.S. Code \u00a7 40127 \u2013 \u7a7a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e2d\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u7981\u6b62\u201d\u6761\u6b3e\u3002\u636e\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5979\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u822a\u7a7a\u627f\u8fd0\u4eba\u6216\u5916\u56fd\u822a\u7a7a\u627f\u8fd0\u4eba\u5728\u7a7a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5f97\u57fa\u4e8e\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u80a4\u8272\u3001\u56fd\u7c4d\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u6027\u522b\u6216\u8840\u7edf\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u201d Richman\u8054\u7cfb\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8\u822a\u7a7a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4fdd\u62a4\u53f8\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u90e8\u95e8\u201c\u613f\u610f\u8c03\u67e5\u4efb\u4f55\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5458\u5de5\u2014\u2014\u5373\uff0c\u4e58\u52a1\u5458\u2014\u2014\u53c2\u4e0e\u56e0\u6027\u522b\u539f\u56e0\u8981\u6c42\u67d0\u4eba\u66f4\u6362\u5ea7\u4f4d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u201d\u3002[100]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In November 2014, Tova Ross, in The Forward<\/a><\/em>,[101]<\/a><\/sup> disagreed that this is discrimination against women. She wrote, “… If we [women] want the right to pray and practice and dress in the ways we see fit, why do we cast such caustic aspersions on the premise of a man who calmly asks to change his seat in order for him not to stray from his preferred religious outlook?” … “A favor for a fellow human being, no matter how archaic we may deem his beliefs. We are indulging a request that we may neither understand nor agree with, but if it doesn’t really put us out, if the flight isn’t full, and there is in fact someone who will easily volunteer to switch seats, then what is everyone’s colossal problem with the mere premise?”[102]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112014\u5e7411\u6708\uff0cTova Ross\u5728\u300a\u524d\u8fdb\u62a5\u300b\uff08The Forward\uff09\u4e0a\u64b0\u6587\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u975e\u5bf9\u5973\u6027\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u5979\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u2026\u2026\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec[\u5973\u6027]\u60f3\u8981\u6709\u6743\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7948\u7977\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u7740\u88c5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u9759\u5730\u8981\u6c42\u6362\u5ea7\u4f4d\u4ee5\u4e0d\u504f\u79bb\u4ed6\u6240\u504f\u597d\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u6295\u53bb\u523b\u8584\u7684\u6307\u8d23\u5462\uff1f\u201d\u2026\u2026\u201c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u540c\u80de\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u597d\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u591a\u4e48\u8fc7\u65f6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u65e2\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8d5e\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u4e0d\u4fbf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u822a\u73ed\u4e0d\u662f\u6ee1\u5458\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u4eba\u613f\u610f\u81ea\u613f\u6362\u5ea7\u4f4d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u201d[102]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Al said that it would not put a policy in place to handle situations where male Haredim refuse to sit next to female passengers, but would instead attempt to satisfy passengers involved in such incidents on a case-by-case basis.[103]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5236\u5b9a\u9488\u5bf9\u6781\u7aef\u6b63\u7edf\u72b9\u592a\u7537\u6027\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0e\u5973\u6027\u4e58\u5ba2\u5750\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f1a\u5728\u4e2a\u6848\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5c3d\u529b\u6ee1\u8db3\u6d89\u53ca\u6b64\u7c7b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u9700\u6c42\u3002[103]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In February 2016, Renee Rabinowitz<\/a> filed a successful lawsuit against El Al, after being involved in an incident where an ultra-Orthodox man refused to sit next to her on a flight from Newark International Airport<\/a> to Tel Aviv and the flight attendants asked her to move seats.[104]<\/a>[105]<\/a><\/sup> Later in 2018, the airline decided to immediately remove any passengers who refuse to sit next to a woman.[106]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112016\u5e742\u6708\uff0cRenee Rabinowitz\u56e0\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u8d77\u5728\u7ebd\u74e6\u514b\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a\u98de\u5f80\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u6781\u7aef\u6b63\u7edf\u72b9\u592a\u7537\u5b50\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0e\u5979\u540c\u5750\uff0c\u800c\u4e58\u52a1\u5458\u8981\u6c42\u5979\u6362\u5ea7\u4f4d\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u8d77\u8bc9\u4e86EL AL\u3002[104][105]\u52302018\u5e74\u665a\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u51b3\u5b9a\u7acb\u5373\u79fb\u9664\u4efb\u4f55\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0e\u5973\u6027\u5750\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u4e58\u5ba2\u3002[106]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff08\u822a\u70b9\uff09| Destinations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Main article: List of El Al destinations<\/a>\u3010\u4e3b\u6761\u76ee\uff1a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u7684\u822a\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u3011\/ \u4e3b\u6761\u76ee\uff1a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u70b9<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u9075\u5faaCC BY 3.0\u534f\u8bae \u56fe\u7247\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aIridianD<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u7cfb\u4e0a\u56fe\u7684\u56fe\u4f8b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

El Al serves destinations on four continents in 31 countries with a well-developed European network including the transcontinental nation of Russia<\/a>. The airline serves a number of gateway cities in North America<\/a> such as New York\u2013JFK<\/a>, Newark<\/a>, Miami<\/a>, Los Angeles<\/a>, and Boston<\/a>. They have also expanded their service to Asia<\/a> such as Bangkok\u2013Suvarnabhumi<\/a>, Mumbai<\/a>, Beijing\u2013Capital<\/a>, and Hong Kong<\/a>. From its founding until 2020, El Al’s inability to overfly Saudi Arabian<\/a> airspace<\/a>, along with that of several other Arab<\/a> and Muslim<\/a> countries, has reduced their ability to further expand their route network in Asia. In 2018, Saudi Arabia granted permission to Air India<\/a> to fly a five times weekly flight from Tel Aviv to New Delhi using Saudi Arabian airspace.[107]<\/a>[108]<\/a><\/sup> If Saudi Arabia did not allow El Al to use their airspace, El Al might have lost a large share of their Asian market due to other airlines having shorter and cheaper flights. However, Saudi Arabia opened airspace to Israeli aircraft for the first time in September 2020.[109]<\/a><\/sup> El Al also offers services to Johannesburg<\/a> in South Africa<\/a> and Zanzibar<\/a>.[110]<\/a>[111]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011EL AL\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u56db\u5927\u6d32\u768431\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6a2a\u8de8\u6b27\u4e9a\u5927\u9646\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3002\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u5317\u7f8e\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u95e8\u6237\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5982\u7ebd\u7ea6\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u673a\u573a\u3001\u7ebd\u74e6\u514b\u3001\u8fc8\u963f\u5bc6\u3001\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u548c\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u4e9a\u6d32\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u66fc\u8c37\u7d20\u4e07\u90a3\u666e\u673a\u573a\u3001\u5b5f\u4e70\u3001\u5317\u4eac\u9996\u90fd\u673a\u573a\u548c\u9999\u6e2f\u3002\u81ea\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u81f32020\u5e74\uff0cEL AL\u65e0\u6cd5\u98de\u8d8a\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u7b49\u51e0\u4e2a\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u548c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u9886\u7a7a\uff0c\u8fd9\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5176\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5927\u4e9a\u6d32\u822a\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u30022018\u5e74\uff0c\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5141\u8bb8\u5370\u5ea6\u822a\u7a7a\u6bcf\u5468\u4e94\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u6c99\u7279\u9886\u7a7a\u6267\u98de\u4ece\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u5230\u65b0\u5fb7\u91cc\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u3002[107][108]\u5982\u679c\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8EL AL\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u9886\u7a7a\uff0cEL AL\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u5176\u4e9a\u6d32\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4efd\u989d\u6d41\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u77ed\u3001\u66f4\u4fbf\u5b9c\u822a\u73ed\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u800c\u906d\u53d7\u91cd\u5927\u635f\u5931\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u57282020\u5e749\u6708\u9996\u6b21\u5411\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u98de\u673a\u5f00\u653e\u4e86\u9886\u7a7a\u3002[109]EL AL\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u98de\u5f80\u5357\u975e\u7ea6\u7ff0\u5185\u65af\u5821\u548c\u6851\u7ed9\u5df4\u5c14\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002[110][111]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prior to the COVID-19 global pandemic, the airline had plans to perform experimental direct flights between Tel Aviv and Melbourne<\/a>. The service would have been the airline’s longest-ever direct flight and the first direct connection between Israel and Australia.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5728COVID-19\u5168\u7403\u75ab\u60c5\u7206\u53d1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u66fe\u8ba1\u5212\u5b9e\u65bd\u7279\u62c9\u7ef4\u592b\u548c\u58a8\u5c14\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u76f4\u98de\u822a\u73ed\u3002\u8be5\u822a\u7ebf\u672c\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u957f\u7684\u76f4\u98de\u822a\u73ed\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u548c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u4e4b\u95f4\u9996\u4e2a\u76f4\u98de\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In June 2022, the airline announced that it would permanently terminate flights from Toronto\u2013Pearson<\/a> effective October 27, 2022. The decision ended an over-40-year presence in Canada. In response, a petition was launched on Change.org<\/a> to try and reverse the decision.[112]<\/a><\/sup> El Al also announced that it was cancelling its routes to Brussels Airport<\/a> and Warsaw Chopin Airport<\/a>.[113]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112022\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5ba3\u5e03\u5c06\u4e8e2022\u5e7410\u670827\u65e5\u8d77\u6c38\u4e45\u7ec8\u6b62\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u76ae\u5c14\u900a\u673a\u573a\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8d85\u8fc740\u5e74\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5728Change.org\u4e0a\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u8bf7\u613f\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u626d\u8f6c\u8fd9\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002[112]EL AL\u8fd8\u5ba3\u5e03\u5c06\u53d6\u6d88\u524d\u5f80\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u673a\u573a\u548c\u534e\u6c99\u8096\u90a6\u673a\u573a\u7684\u822a\u7ebf\u3002[113]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In December 2022, the airline started to sell tickets to its highly anticipated route of Ben Gurion Airport<\/a> to Tokyo-Narita<\/a> Airport, which was inaugurated on March 2, 2023.[114]<\/a>[115]<\/a><\/sup> The route was originally planned to launch in March 2020, but due to the COVID-19 global pandemic, the route was delayed until further notice.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112022\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u59cb\u9500\u552e\u5176\u5907\u53d7\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u4ece\u672c\u00b7\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\u673a\u573a\u81f3\u4e1c\u4eac\u6210\u7530\u673a\u573a\u822a\u7ebf\u7684\u673a\u7968\uff0c\u8be5\u822a\u7ebf\u4e8e2023\u5e743\u67082\u65e5\u6b63\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8\u3002[114][115]\u8be5\u822a\u7ebf\u6700\u521d\u8ba1\u5212\u4e8e2020\u5e743\u6708\u5f00\u901a\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u5168\u7403\u5927\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u822a\u7ebf\u5f00\u901a\u88ab\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u53e6\u884c\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 14 March 2023, El Al and the Victoria state government<\/a> signed a letter of intent<\/a>, in which El Al intents to inaugurate direct flights to Melbourne Airport<\/a> in Melbourne, Australia<\/a>. While there is no exact date for the beginning of these flights, the letter of intent stated that these flights should begin by June 2024. These flights will be operated by the Boeing 787 Dreamliner<\/a> and are expected to add 44,000 seats on flights to Melbourne per year.[116]<\/a><\/sup> These flights will take 15 hours eastbound (Israel to Australia) and 17 hours westbound (Australia to Israel).[117]<\/a>[better source needed<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112023\u5e743\u670814\u65e5\uff0cEL AL\u4e0e\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u610f\u5411\u4e66\uff0cEL AL\u8ba1\u5212\u5f00\u901a\u76f4\u98de\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u58a8\u5c14\u672c\u58a8\u5c14\u672c\u673a\u573a\u7684\u822a\u7ebf\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u822a\u73ed\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u542f\u52a8\u65e5\u671f\u5c1a\u672a\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u610f\u5411\u4e66\u4e2d\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u822a\u73ed\u5e94\u57282024\u5e746\u6708\u524d\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u822a\u73ed\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce2\u97f3787\u68a6\u60f3\u5ba2\u673a\u6267\u98de\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e3a\u5f80\u8fd4\u58a8\u5c14\u672c\u7684\u822a\u73ed\u589e\u52a044,000\u4e2a\u5ea7\u4f4d\u3002[116]\u8fd9\u4e9b\u822a\u73ed\u5411\u4e1c\u98de\u884c\uff08\u4ece\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5230\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\uff09\u9884\u8ba1\u8017\u65f615\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5411\u897f\u98de\u884c\uff08\u4ece\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5230\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\uff09\u9884\u8ba1\u8017\u65f617\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002[117][\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6765\u6e90]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 26 October 2023, El Al said it will cancel its seasonal routes (Dublin<\/a>, Marseille<\/a>, Tokyo<\/a>) which were due to terminate in the October\u2013November early due to the 2023 Israel-Hamas war<\/a> and will delay the launch of its planned New Delhi<\/a> & Mumbai<\/a> routes until further notice. El Al said it plans to resume their seasonal routes in April 2024 (the end of IATA<\/a>‘s winter schedule).[118]<\/a>[119]<\/a><\/sup> One of the oldest El Al routes, the flights to Johannesburg<\/a>, South Africa was terminated in March 2024.[120]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112023\u5e7410\u670826\u65e5\uff0cEL AL\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e2023\u5e74\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4e0e\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u539f\u5b9a\u4e8e10\u6708\u81f311\u6708\u521d\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u822a\u7ebf\uff08\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\u3001\u9a6c\u8d5b\u3001\u4e1c\u4eac\uff09\u5c06\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ba1\u5212\u5f00\u901a\u7684\u524d\u5f80\u65b0\u5fb7\u91cc\u548c\u5b5f\u4e70\u7684\u822a\u7ebf\u5c06\u63a8\u8fdf\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u5f85\u5b9a\u3002EL AL\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u57282024\u5e744\u6708\uff08\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u7a7a\u8fd0\u8f93\u534f\u4f1a\u51ac\u5b63\u65f6\u523b\u8868\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff09\u6062\u590d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u822a\u7ebf\u3002[118][119]\u800c\u901a\u5f80\u5357\u975e\u7ea6\u7ff0\u5185\u65af\u5821\u7684\u822a\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3aEL AL\u6700\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u822a\u7ebf\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5219\u57282024\u5e743\u6708\u88ab\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002[120]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6.1 \u4ee3\u7801\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae | Codeshare agreements<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El Al codeshares<\/a> with the following airlines:[121]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u822a\u7a7a\u4e0e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u822a\u7a7a\u516c\u53f8\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u5171\u4eab\u4e1a\u52a1\uff1a[121]<\/p>\n\n\n\n