{"id":3693,"date":"2024-08-13T18:08:53","date_gmt":"2024-08-13T10:08:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=3693"},"modified":"2025-01-31T10:12:24","modified_gmt":"2025-01-31T02:12:24","slug":"gross-domestic-product-gdp-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2024\/08\/13\/gross-domestic-product-gdp-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c \/ Gross domestic product (GDP) &#8211; \u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u665a\u66f4\u65b0\u8005\u4e3a\u51c6\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u5b57\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3<\/strong>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u97f3\u8282\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u58f0\u8c03\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u5173\u4e8e\u8fbd\u89c2\u7684\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u642c\u8fd0\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5df2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a<\/a>\u3002\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<strong>\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/strong> <\/p>\n<cite>\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/653887754?utm_psn=1730141199812366337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/666846485?utm_psn=1730141316690960386\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u6b63\u6587\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/714303270\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/714303270\/\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u53c3\u898b\">2. \u53c2\u89c1\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u6761\uff09| See also<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Emblem-money.svg\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8\">\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e3b\u9898<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2GDP\">\u7eff\u8272GDP<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%94%B6%E5%85%A5\">\u56fd\u6c11\u6536\u5165<\/a>\uff08GNI\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%AE%8F%E8%A7%80%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8\">\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A2%E7%B8%BD%E5%80%BC\">\u4e16\u754c\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c<\/a>\uff08GWP\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC\">\u56fd\u6c11\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c<\/a>\uff08GNP\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%A6%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%A8%99\">\u771f\u5b9e\u53d1\u5c55\u6307\u6807<\/a>\uff08GPI\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%84%A1%E6%A2%9D%E4%BB%B6%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E6%94%B6%E5%85%A5\">\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u57fa\u672c\u6536\u5165<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%87%B1%E5%9B%A0%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9\">\u519b\u4e8b\u51ef\u6069\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E8%B5%84%E4%BA%A7%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%95\">\u4e3b\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8d44\u4ea7\u6e05\u5355<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chained_volume_series\">Chained volume series<\/a>\u3010\u8fde\u9501\u91cf\u7cfb\u5217\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Circular_flow_of_income\">Circular flow of income<\/a>\u3010\u6536\u5165\u5faa\u73af\u6d41\u52a8\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Composite_Index_of_National_Capability\">Composite Index of National Capability<\/a>\u3010\u56fd\u5bb6\u80fd\u529b\u7efc\u5408\u6307\u6570\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cost-of-living_crisis\">Cost-of-living crisis<\/a>\u3010\u751f\u6d3b\u6210\u672c\u5371\u673a\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Disposable_household_and_per_capita_income\">Disposable household and per capita income<\/a>\u3010\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u6536\u5165\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_monetization\">Economy monetization<\/a>\u3010\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d27\u5e01\u5316\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/GDP_density\">GDP density<\/a>\u3010GDP\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_regional_domestic_product\">Gross regional domestic product<\/a>\u3010\u5730\u533a\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_regional_product\">Gross regional product<\/a>\u3010\u5730\u533a\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Inventory_investment\">Inventory investment<\/a>\u3010\u5e93\u5b58\u6295\u8d44\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_countries_by_average_wage\">List of countries by average wage<\/a>\u3010\u5404\u56fd\u5e73\u5747\u5de5\u8d44\u5217\u8868\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_countries_by_GNI_per_capita_growth\">List of countries by GNI per capita growth<\/a>\u3010\u5404\u56fd\u6309\u4eba\u5747\u56fd\u6c11\u603b\u6536\u5165\u589e\u957f\u7387\u5217\u8868\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_economic_reports_by_U.S._government_agencies\">List of economic reports by U.S. government agencies<\/a>\u3010\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u62a5\u544a\u5217\u8868\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Misery_index_(economics)\">Misery index (economics)<\/a>\u3010\u82e6\u75db\u6307\u6570\uff08Misery index\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u672f\u8bed\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Median_income\">Median income<\/a>\u3010\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6536\u5165\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Modified_gross_national_income\">Modified gross national income<\/a>\u3010\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u603b\u6536\u5165\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_average_salary\">National average salary<\/a>\u3010\u5168\u56fd\u5e73\u5747\u85aa\u8d44\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Potential_output\">Potential output<\/a>\u3010\u6f5c\u5728\u4ea7\u51fa\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Productivism\">Productivism<\/a>\u3010\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e3b\u4e49\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_Progress_Index\">Social Progress Index<\/a>\u3010\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u6b65\u6307\u6570\u3011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"References\">3. \u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e | References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-CIA_1-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/data\/download\/GDP.pdf\">&#8220;GDP (Official Exchange Rate)&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Bank\">World Bank<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130612025819\/http:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/data\/download\/GDP.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on 2013-06-12. Retrieved\u00a024 August\u00a02015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-:1_2-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-:1_2-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Duigpan, Brian (2017-02-28).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/gross-domestic-product\">&#8220;gross domestic product&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclopedia_Britannica\">Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230225114916\/https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/gross-domestic-product\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2023-02-25. Retrieved\u00a02023-02-23.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-:2_3-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-:2_3-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/kids.britannica.com\/students\/article\/gross-domestic-product-GDP\/627635\">&#8220;gross domestic product (GDP) &#8211; Students&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Britannica Kids<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclopedia_Britannica\">Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230223210328\/https:\/\/kids.britannica.com\/students\/article\/gross-domestic-product-GDP\/627635\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2023-02-23. Retrieved\u00a02023-02-23.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-4\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Callen, Tim.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/Publications\/fandd\/issues\/Series\/Back-to-Basics\/gross-domestic-product-GDP\">&#8220;Gross Domestic Product: An Economy&#8217;s All&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Finance &amp; Development | F&amp;D<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Monetary_Fund\">International Monetary Fund<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221030191107\/https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/Publications\/fandd\/issues\/Series\/Back-to-Basics\/gross-domestic-product-GDP\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved\u00a023 February\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-5\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/data\/gdp\/gross-domestic-product\">&#8220;Gross Domestic Product&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bureau_of_Economic_Analysis\">Bureau of Economic Analysis<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211213010751\/https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/data\/gdp\/gross-domestic-product\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved\u00a023 February\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-6\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/money\/gross-domestic-product\">&#8220;Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Definition&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Britannica Money<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclopedia_Britannica\">Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230223210324\/https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/money\/gross-domestic-product\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2023-02-23. Retrieved\u00a02023-02-23.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-:0_7-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-:0_7-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-:0_7-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210627164746\/https:\/\/stats.oecd.org\/glossary\/detail.asp?ID=1163\">&#8220;OECD&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/stats.oecd.org\/glossary\/detail.asp?ID=1163\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 27 June 2021. Retrieved\u00a014 August\u00a02014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-8\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Callen, Tim.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.imf.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/fandd\/basics\/gdp.htm\">&#8220;Gross Domestic Product: An Economy&#8217;s All&#8221;<\/a>. IMF.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211211141652\/https:\/\/www.imf.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/fandd\/basics\/gdp.htm\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved\u00a03 June\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-9\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Hall, Mary.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/updates\/purchasing-power-parity-ppp\/\">&#8220;What Is Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Investopedia<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161105162335\/https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/updates\/purchasing-power-parity-ppp\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 5 November 2016. Retrieved\u00a023 February\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-10\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Dawson, Graham (2006).\u00a0<em>Economics and Economic Change<\/em>. FT \/ Prentice Hall. p.\u00a0205.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-273-69351-2\"><bdi>978-0-273-69351-2<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-11\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Raworth, Kate (2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/oclc\/974194745\"><em>Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st-century economist<\/em><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-1-84794-138-1\"><bdi>978-1-84794-138-1<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OCLC_(identifier)\">OCLC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/oclc\/974194745\">974194745<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210429015731\/https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/title\/doughnut-economics-seven-ways-to-think-like-a-21st-century-economist\/oclc\/974194745\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2021-04-29. Retrieved\u00a02022-03-19.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-12\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/news\/finance-and-economics\/21591842-meet-sir-william-petty-man-who-invented-economics-petty-impressive\">&#8220;Petty impressive&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Economist<\/em>. 21 December 2013.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180509025748\/https:\/\/www.economist.com\/news\/finance-and-economics\/21591842-meet-sir-william-petty-man-who-invented-economics-petty-impressive\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 9 May 2018. Retrieved\u00a01 August\u00a02015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-13\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Coyle, Diane (6 April 2014).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.theglobalist.com\/warfare-and-the-invention-of-gdp\/\">&#8220;Warfare and the Invention of GDP&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Globalist<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20151001051320\/http:\/\/www.theglobalist.com\/warfare-and-the-invention-of-gdp\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 1 October 2015. Retrieved\u00a01 August\u00a02015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-kuznets_14-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-kuznets_14-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Congress commissioned Kuznets to create a system that would measure the nation&#8217;s productivity in order to better understand how to tackle the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Depression\">Great Depression<\/a>.Simon Kuznets, 1934. &#8220;National Income, 1929\u20131932&#8221;. 73rd U.S. Congress, 2d session, Senate document no. 124, page 5-7 Simon Kuznets, 1934. &#8220;National Income, 1929\u20131932&#8221;. 73rd U.S. Congress, 2d session, Senate document no. 124, page 5-7 Simon Kuznets, 1934. &#8220;National Income, 1929\u20131932&#8221;. 73rd U.S. Congress, 2d session, Senate document no. 124, page 5-7.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fraser.stlouisfed.org\/title\/971\">https:\/\/fraser.stlouisfed.org\/title\/971<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180914060700\/https:\/\/fraser.stlouisfed.org\/title\/971\">Archived<\/a>\u00a02018-09-14 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-15\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Dickinson, Elizabeth.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/articles\/2011\/01\/02\/gdp_a_brief_history\">&#8220;GDP: a brief history&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Foreign Policy<\/em>. ForeignPolicy.com.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140828030822\/http:\/\/www.foreignpolicy.com\/articles\/2011\/01\/02\/gdp_a_brief_history\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 28 August 2014. Retrieved\u00a025 April\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-16\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lepenies, Philipp (April 2016).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cup.columbia.edu\/book\/the-power-of-a-single-number\/9780231175104\"><em>The Power of a Single Number: A Political History of GDP<\/em><\/a>. Columbia University Press.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-231-54143-5\"><bdi>978-0-231-54143-5<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20171020065052\/https:\/\/cup.columbia.edu\/book\/the-power-of-a-single-number\/9780231175104\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2017-10-20. Retrieved\u00a02017-10-09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-17\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Coyle, Diane (2014).\u00a0<em>GDP: A Brief but Affectionate History<\/em>. Princeton University Press. p.\u00a06.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-691-15679-8\"><bdi>978-0-691-15679-8<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-18\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Heijster, Joan van; DeRock, Daniel (29 October 2020).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F09692290.2020.1835690\">&#8220;How GDP spread to China: the experimental diffusion of macroeconomic measurement&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Review of International Political Economy<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>29<\/strong>: 65\u201387.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F09692290.2020.1835690\">10.1080\/09692290.2020.1835690<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0969-2290\">0969-2290<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-19\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100416073205\/http:\/\/web.worldbank.org\/WBSITE\/EXTERNAL\/DATASTATISTICS\/EXTDECSTAMAN\/0,,contentMDK:20882526~menuPK:2648252~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:2077967~isCURL:Y,00.html\">&#8220;GDP &#8211; Final Output&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Statistical Manual<\/em>. World Bank. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/web.worldbank.org\/WBSITE\/EXTERNAL\/DATASTATISTICS\/EXTDECSTAMAN\/0,,contentMDK:20882526~menuPK:2648252~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:2077967~isCURL:Y,00.html\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 16 April 2010,\u00a0retrieved October 2009.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090302084957\/http:\/\/www.hm-treasury.gov.uk\/data_gdp_backgd.htm\">&#8220;User&#8217;s guide: Background information on GDP and GDP deflator&#8221;<\/a>. HM Treasury. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hm-treasury.gov.uk\/data_gdp_backgd.htm\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 2 March 2009.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/national\/pdf\/nipa_primer.pdf\">&#8220;Measuring the Economy: A Primer on GDP and the National Income and Product Accounts&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Bureau of Economic Analysis.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080916010551\/http:\/\/bea.gov\/national\/pdf\/nipa_primer.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on 2008-09-16.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-20\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0United States Bureau of Economic Analysis,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/national\/pdf\/nipaguid.pdf\">&#8220;<em>A guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070604184227\/http:\/\/www.bea.gov\/national\/pdf\/nipaguid.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on 2007-06-04., page 5; retrieved November 2009. Another term, &#8220;business current transfer payments&#8221;, may be added. Also, the document indicates that the capital consumption adjustment (CCAdj) and the inventory valuation adjustment (IVA) are applied to the proprietor&#8217;s income and corporate profits terms; and CCAdj is applied to rental income.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-21\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Thayer Watkins, San Jos\u00e9 State University Department of Economics,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/gdp.htm\">&#8220;Gross Domestic Product from the Transactions Table for an Economy&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120825214316\/http:\/\/www.sjsu.edu\/faculty\/watkins\/gdp.htm\">Archived<\/a>\u00a02012-08-25 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>, commentary to the first table, &#8221; Transactions Table for an Economy&#8221;. (Page retrieved November 2009.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-22\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<em>Concepts and Methods of the United States National Income and Product Accounts<\/em>, chap. 2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-23\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/kids.britannica.com\/scholars\/article\/gross-domestic-product\/389903\">&#8220;gross domestic product &#8211; Scholars&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Britannica Kids<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclopedia_Britannica\">Encyclopedia Britannica<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230223210330\/https:\/\/kids.britannica.com\/scholars\/article\/gross-domestic-product\/389903\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2023-02-23. Retrieved\u00a02023-02-23.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-24\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lequiller, Fran\u00e7ois; Derek Blades (2006).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=pXpJL6f8b3wC&amp;q=%22To+convert+GDP+into+GNI%22\"><em>Understanding National Accounts<\/em><\/a>. OECD. p.\u00a018.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-92-64-02566-0\"><bdi>978-92-64-02566-0<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230312185510\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=pXpJL6f8b3wC&amp;q=%22To+convert+GDP+into+GNI%22\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2023-03-12. Retrieved\u00a02021-02-15.\u00a0<q>To convert GDP into GNI, it is necessary to add the income received by resident units from abroad and deduct the income created by production in the country but transferred to units residing abroad.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-25\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0United States, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Glossary,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/glossary\/glossary.cfm\">&#8220;GDP&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180129140050\/https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/glossary\/glossary.cfm\">Archived<\/a>\u00a029 January 2018 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>. Retrieved November 2009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-26\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110721034830\/http:\/\/bea.gov\/national\/nipaweb\/SelectTable.asp?Selected=Y\">&#8220;U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of Economic Analysis&#8221;<\/a>. Bea.gov. 21 October 2009. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bea.gov\/national\/nipaweb\/SelectTable.asp?Selected=Y\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 21 July 2011. Retrieved\u00a031 July\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-27\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?end=2020&amp;locations=JP&amp;start=1960\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221207195307\/https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?end=2020&amp;locations=JP&amp;start=1960\">Archived<\/a>\u00a02022-12-07 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>, GDP (current US$) &#8211; Japan<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-28\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GNP.MKTP.CD?end=2020&amp;locations=JP&amp;start=1960\">[2]<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221207190758\/https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GNP.MKTP.CD?end=2020&amp;locations=JP&amp;start=1960\">Archived<\/a>\u00a02022-12-07 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>, GNI (current US$) &#8211; Japan<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-29\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GNP.MKTP.CD?end=2020&amp;locations=AM&amp;start=1990\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221207184248\/https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GNP.MKTP.CD?end=2020&amp;locations=AM&amp;start=1990\">Archived<\/a>\u00a02022-12-07 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>, GNI (current US$) &#8211; Armenia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-30\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?end=2020&amp;locations=AM&amp;start=1990\">[4]<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221207182744\/https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?end=2020&amp;locations=AM&amp;start=1990\">Archived<\/a>\u00a02022-12-07 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>, GDP (current US$) &#8211; Armenia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-Central_Bureau_of_Statistics_31-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110416055514\/http:\/\/www.central-bureau-of-statistics.an\/SNA\/sna_intro.asp\">&#8220;National Accounts&#8221;<\/a>. Central Bureau of Statistics. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.central-bureau-of-statistics.an\/SNA\/sna_intro.asp\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 16 April 2011. Retrieved\u00a029 June\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-32\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0HM Treasury,\u00a0<em>Background information on GDP and GDP deflator<\/em><br>Some of the complications involved in comparing national accounts from different years are explained in this World Bank\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/web.worldbank.org\/WBSITE\/EXTERNAL\/DATASTATISTICS\/EXTDECSTAMAN\/0,,contentMDK:20908551~menuPK:2648276~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:2077967~isCURL:Y,00.html\">document<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100616033552\/http:\/\/web.worldbank.org\/WBSITE\/EXTERNAL\/DATASTATISTICS\/EXTDECSTAMAN\/0,,contentMDK:20908551~menuPK:2648276~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:2077967~isCURL:Y,00.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a016 June 2010 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-HDWMSL_33-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-HDWMSL_33-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-HDWMSL_33-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bostonfed.org\/education\/ledger\/ledger03\/winter\/measure.pdf\">&#8220;How Do We Measure Standard of Living?&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em>The Federal Reserve Bank of Boston<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130331123630\/http:\/\/bostonfed.org\/education\/ledger\/ledger03\/winter\/measure.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on 2013-03-31.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-soL_34-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greg_Mankiw\">Mankiw, N. G.<\/a>; Taylor, M. P. (2011).\u00a0<em>Economics<\/em>\u00a0(2nd, revised\u00a0ed.). Andover: Cengage Learning.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-1-84480-870-0\"><bdi>978-1-84480-870-0<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-limitations_35-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-limitations_35-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-limitations_35-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/principles-of-economics-and-business.blogspot.com\/2015\/01\/macroeconomics-gdp-and-welfare.html\">&#8220;Macroeconomics &#8211; GDP and Welfare&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150221134753\/http:\/\/principles-of-economics-and-business.blogspot.com\/2015\/01\/macroeconomics-gdp-and-welfare.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 21 February 2015. Retrieved\u00a021 February\u00a02015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-36\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Choi, Kwan.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www2.econ.iastate.edu\/classes\/econ355\/choi\/gdp.htm\">&#8220;Gross Domestic Product&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Introduction to the World Economy<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200924144700\/https:\/\/www2.econ.iastate.edu\/classes\/econ355\/choi\/gdp.htm\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2020-09-24. Retrieved\u00a02020-06-24.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-37\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/how-real-gdp-per-capita-affects-the-standard-of-living.html\">&#8220;How Real GDP per Capita Affects the Standard of Living&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Study.com<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150520003910\/http:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/how-real-gdp-per-capita-affects-the-standard-of-living.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2015-05-20. Retrieved\u00a02015-04-06.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-38\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Simon Kuznets. &#8220;How To Judge Quality&#8221;. The New Republic, 20 October 1962<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-39\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0van den Bergh, Jeroen (13 April 2010).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/Articles\/The-virtues-of-ignoring-GDP\">&#8220;The Virtues of Ignoring GDP&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Broker<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130224051234\/http:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/Articles\/The-virtues-of-ignoring-GDP\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 24 February 2013. Retrieved\u00a022 July\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-40\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Gertner, Jon (13 May 2010).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/05\/16\/magazine\/16GDP-t.html\">&#8220;The Rise and Fall of G.D.P.&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_Times_Magazine\">New York Times Magazine<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ghostarchive.org\/archive\/20220102\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/05\/16\/magazine\/16GDP-t.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2022-01-02.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-41\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bizfluent.com\/info-8467424-advantages-disadvantages-gdp-macroeconomics.html\">&#8220;What Are the Advantages &amp; Disadvantages of the GDP in Macroeconomics?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Bizfluent<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210507102438\/https:\/\/bizfluent.com\/info-8467424-advantages-disadvantages-gdp-macroeconomics.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2021-05-07. Retrieved\u00a02021-05-07.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-42\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Suzuki, Dabid (February 28, 2014).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecowatch.com\/how-the-gdp-measures-everything-except-that-which-makes-life-worthwhil-1881869660.html\">&#8220;How the GDP Measures Everything &#8216;Except That Which Makes Life Worthwhile'&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>EcoWatch<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210507122423\/https:\/\/www.ecowatch.com\/how-the-gdp-measures-everything-except-that-which-makes-life-worthwhil-1881869660.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved\u00a0May 5,\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-43\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Dr\u00e8ze, Jean; Sen, Amartya (2013).\u00a0<em>An Uncertain Glory: India and its Contradictions<\/em>. Princeton: Princeton University Press.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-1-4008-4877-5\"><bdi>978-1-4008-4877-5<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-44\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160517125703\/https:\/\/freedomhouse.org\/report\/freedom-world\/2012\/china-0\">&#8220;China Country Report Freedom in the World 2012&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Freedom House<\/em>. 19 March 2012. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/freedomhouse.org\/report\/freedom-world\/2012\/china-0\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 17 May 2016. Retrieved\u00a06 May\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-45\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220419002502\/https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/newsroom\/inequality-hurts-economic-growth.htm\">&#8220;Inequality hurts economic growth, finds OECD research&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>OECD<\/em>. 2014. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/newsroom\/inequality-hurts-economic-growth.htm\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 2022-04-19. Retrieved\u00a02022-04-25.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-46\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/thedocs.worldbank.org\/en\/doc\/798731523331698204-0010022018\/original\/SouthAfricaEconomicUpdateApril2018.pdf\">&#8220;South Africa Economic Update&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em>World Bank<\/em>. April 2018.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210613075324\/https:\/\/thedocs.worldbank.org\/en\/doc\/798731523331698204-0010022018\/original\/SouthAfricaEconomicUpdateApril2018.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on 2021-06-13.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-47\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201127140337\/https:\/\/www.undp.org\/content\/undp\/en\/home\/sustainable-development-goals\/goal-10-reduced-inequalities\/targets.html\">&#8220;Goal 10 targets&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>UNDP<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.undp.org\/content\/undp\/en\/home\/sustainable-development-goals\/goal-10-reduced-inequalities\/targets.html\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 27 November 2020. Retrieved\u00a023 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-48\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Nussbaum, Martha C. (2013).\u00a0<em>Creating capabilities\u00a0: the human development approach<\/em>. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-674-07235-0\"><bdi>978-0-674-07235-0<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-49\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Blades, Fran\u00e7ois; Lequiller, Derek (2006).\u00a0<em>Understanding national accounts<\/em>\u00a0(Reprint\u00a0ed.). Paris: OECD. p.\u00a0112.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-92-64-02566-0\"><bdi>978-92-64-02566-0<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-50\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/officialdocuments\/publicdisplaydocumentpdf\/?cote=std%2Fdoc%282011%297&amp;doclanguage=en\">&#8220;Incorporating Estimates of Household Production of Non-Market Services into International Comparisons of Material Well-Being&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20171020065043\/http:\/\/www.oecd.org\/officialdocuments\/publicdisplaydocumentpdf\/?cote=std%2Fdoc%282011%297&amp;doclanguage=en\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2017-10-20. Retrieved\u00a02018-03-24.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-51\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Randall_G._Holcombe\">Holcombe, Randall G.<\/a>\u00a0(2004). &#8220;National Income Accounting and Public Policy&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Review of Austrian Economics<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>17<\/strong>\u00a0(4): 387\u2013405.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023%2FB%3ARAEC.0000044638.48465.df\">10.1023\/B:RAEC.0000044638.48465.df<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:30021697\">30021697<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-52\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/unstats.un.org\/unsd\/publication\/SeriesF\/seriesF_85.pdf\">&#8220;National Accounts: A Practical Introduction&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20051227030856\/http:\/\/unstats.un.org\/unsd\/publication\/SeriesF\/seriesF_85.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on 2005-12-27.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-53\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Ingraham, Christopher (15 May 2018).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sfgate.com\/business\/article\/Satellite-data-strongly-suggests-that-China-12916204.php#item-85307-tbla-5\">&#8220;Satellite data strongly suggests that China, Russia and other authoritarian countries are fudging their GDP reports&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>SFGate<\/em>. San Francisco. Washington Post.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180515212551\/https:\/\/www.sfgate.com\/business\/article\/Satellite-data-strongly-suggests-that-China-12916204.php#item-85307-tbla-5\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 15 May 2018. Retrieved\u00a016 May\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-54\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Pilling, David (4 July 2014).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/dd2ec158-023d-11e4-ab5b-00144feab7de\">&#8220;Has GDP outgrown its use?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>www.ft.com<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200908073216\/https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/dd2ec158-023d-11e4-ab5b-00144feab7de\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 8 September 2020. Retrieved\u00a017 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-phys-affluence_55-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Wiedmann, Thomas; Steinberger, Julia K.; Lenzen, Manfred (June 24, 2020).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2020-06-affluence-planet-scientists.html\">&#8220;Affluence is killing the planet, warn scientists&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>phys.org<\/em>. The Conversation.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200705161607\/https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2020-06-affluence-planet-scientists.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 5 July 2020. Retrieved\u00a05 July\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-56\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2020-06-overconsumption-growth-economy-key-drivers.html\">&#8220;Overconsumption and growth economy key drivers of environmental crises&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>phys.org<\/em>. University of New South Wales. June 19, 2020.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200623220446\/https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2020-06-overconsumption-growth-economy-key-drivers.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 23 June 2020. Retrieved\u00a05 July\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-gdp-affluence_57-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Thomas Wiedmann; Manfred Lenzen; Lorenz T. Key\u00dfer;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Julia_Steinberger\">Julia Steinberger<\/a>\u00a0(19 June 2020).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7305220\">&#8220;Scientists&#8217; warning on affluence&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Nature Communications<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>11<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 3107.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2020NatCo..11.3107W\">2020NatCo..11.3107W<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41467-020-16941-y\">10.1038\/s41467-020-16941-y<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7305220\">7305220<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32561753\">32561753<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:CC_BY_icon.svg\"><\/a>\u00a0Text and image were copied from this source, which is available under a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20171016050101\/https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a02017-10-16 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-58\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Goldsmith, Courtney.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldfinance.com\/strategy\/why-gdp-is-no-longer-the-most-effective-measure-of-economic-success\">&#8220;Why GDP is no longer the most effective measure of economic success&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>World Finance<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200918233815\/https:\/\/www.worldfinance.com\/strategy\/why-gdp-is-no-longer-the-most-effective-measure-of-economic-success\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved\u00a017 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-59\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Dunham, Will (2 September 2015).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-science-trees-idUSKCN0R21Z620150902\">&#8220;Earth has 3 trillion trees but they&#8217;re falling at alarming rate&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201111230631\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-science-trees-idUSKCN0R21Z620150902\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved\u00a026 May\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-60\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Carrington, Damian (4 July 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2019\/jul\/04\/planting-billions-trees-best-tackle-climate-crisis-scientists-canopy-emissions\">&#8220;Tree planting &#8216;has mind-blowing potential&#8217; to tackle climate crisis&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Guardian<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190705170611\/https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2019\/jul\/04\/planting-billions-trees-best-tackle-climate-crisis-scientists-canopy-emissions\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 5 July 2019. Retrieved\u00a026 May\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-61\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/forest-resources-assessment\/2020\/en\/\">&#8220;Global Forest Resource Assessment 2020&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Food and Agriculture Organization<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200520105408\/http:\/\/www.fao.org\/forest-resources-assessment\/2020\/en\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 20 May 2020. Retrieved\u00a026 May\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-62\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Koop, Gary; Tole, Lise (1 October 2001).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0959378000000571\">&#8220;Deforestation, distribution and development&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Global Environmental Change<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>11<\/strong>\u00a0(3): 193\u2013202.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2001GEC....11..193K\">2001GEC&#8230;.11..193K<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2FS0959-3780%2800%2900057-1\">10.1016\/S0959-3780(00)00057-1<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0959-3780\">0959-3780<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210416152438\/https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0959378000000571\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved\u00a017 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-63\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Arruda, Daniel; Candido, Hugo G.; Fonseca, R\u00fabia (27 September 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/full\/10.1126\/science.aaz2198\">&#8220;Amazon fires threaten Brazil&#8217;s agribusiness&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Science<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>365<\/strong>\u00a0(6460): 1387.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2019Sci...365.1387A\">2019Sci&#8230;365.1387A<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.aaz2198\">10.1126\/science.aaz2198<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31604261\">31604261<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:203566011\">203566011<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221111153816\/https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/full\/10.1126\/science.aaz2198\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 11 November 2022. Retrieved\u00a017 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-NEJM2017_64-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Afshin A, Forouzanfar MH, Reitsma MB, Sur P, Estep K, Lee A, Marczak L, Mokdad AH, Moradi-Lakeh M, Naghavi M, Salama JS, Vos T, Abate KH, Abbafati C, Ahmed MB,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ziyad_Al-Aly\">Al-Aly Z<\/a>, Alkerwi A, Al-Raddadi R, Amare AT, Amberbir A, Amegah AK, Amini E, Amrock SM, Anjana RM, \u00c4rnl\u00f6v J, Asayesh H, Banerjee A, Barac A, Baye E, Bennett DA, Beyene AS, Biadgilign S, Biryukov S, Bjertness E, Boneya DJ, Campos-Nonato I, Carrero JJ, Cecilio P, Cercy K, Ciobanu LG, Cornaby L, Damtew SA, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dharmaratne SD, Duncan BB, Eshrati B, Esteghamati A, Feigin VL, Fernandes JC, F\u00fcrst T, Gebrehiwot TT, Gold A, Gona PN, Goto A, Habtewold TD, Hadush KT, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hay SI, Horino M, Islami F, Kamal R, Kasaeian A, Katikireddi SV, Kengne AP, Kesavachandran CN, Khader YS, Khang YH, Khubchandani J, Kim D, Kim YJ, Kinfu Y, Kosen S, Ku T, Defo BK, Kumar GA, Larson HJ, Leinsalu M, Liang X, Lim SS, Liu P, Lopez AD, Lozano R, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Mazidi M, McAlinden C, McGarvey ST, Mengistu DT, Mensah GA, Mensink GB, Mezgebe HB, Mirrakhimov EM, Mueller UO, Noubiap JJ, Obermeyer CM, Ogbo FA, Owolabi MO, Patton GC, Pourmalek F, Qorbani M, Rafay A, Rai RK, Ranabhat CL, Reinig N, Safiri S, Salomon JA, Sanabria JR, Santos IS, Sartorius B, Sawhney M, Schmidhuber J, Schutte AE, Schmidt MI, Sepanlou SG, Shamsizadeh M, Sheikhbahaei S, Shin MJ, Shiri R, Shiue I, Roba HS, Silva DA, Silverberg JI, Singh JA, Stranges S, Swaminathan S, Tabar\u00e9s-Seisdedos R, Tadese F, Tedla BA, Tegegne BS, Terkawi AS, Thakur JS, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Tyrovolas S, Ukwaja KN, Uthman OA, Vaezghasemi M, Vasankari T, Vlassov VV, Vollset SE, Weiderpass E, Werdecker A, Wesana J, Westerman R, Yano Y, Yonemoto N, Yonga G, Zaidi Z, Zenebe ZM, Zipkin B, Murray CJ (July 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5477817\">&#8220;Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The New England Journal of Medicine<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>377<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 13\u201327.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056%2FNEJMoa1614362\">10.1056\/NEJMoa1614362<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5477817\">5477817<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28604169\">28604169<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-65\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Ashraf, Quamrul H.; Lester, Ashley; Weil, David N. (2009).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3860117\">&#8220;When Does Improving Health Raise GDP?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>NBER Macroeconomics Annual<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>23<\/strong>: 157\u2013204.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086%2F593084\">10.1086\/593084<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0889-3365\">0889-3365<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3860117\">3860117<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24347816\">24347816<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-66\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/centerforpartnership.org\/programs\/caring-economy\/social-wealth-index\/\">&#8220;Social Wealth Index&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Center for Partnership Studies<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200916123957\/https:\/\/centerforpartnership.org\/programs\/caring-economy\/social-wealth-index\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 16 September 2020. Retrieved\u00a017 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-67\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Gansbeke, Frank Van.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/frankvangansbeke\/2020\/09\/11\/climate-change-and-gross-domestic-product--need-for-a-drastic-overhaul\/\">&#8220;Climate Change And Gross Domestic Product \u2013 Need For A Drastic Overhaul&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Forbes<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200920071646\/https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/frankvangansbeke\/2020\/09\/11\/climate-change-and-gross-domestic-product--need-for-a-drastic-overhaul\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved\u00a017 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-68\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2020-01-economic-growth-environmental-sustainability.html\">&#8220;Economic growth and environmental sustainability&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>phys.org<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201103063216\/https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2020-01-economic-growth-environmental-sustainability.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved\u00a020 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-69\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Landler, Mark; Sengupta, Somini (21 January 2020).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/01\/21\/climate\/greta-thunberg-trump-davos.html\">&#8220;Trump and the Teenager: A Climate Showdown at Davos&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The New York Times<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200907013852\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/01\/21\/climate\/greta-thunberg-trump-davos.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 7 September 2020. Retrieved\u00a020 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-70\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Kapoor, Amit; Debroy, Bibek (4 October 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2019\/10\/gdp-is-not-a-measure-of-human-well-being\">&#8220;GDP Is Not a Measure of Human Well-Being&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Harvard Business Review<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200928044130\/https:\/\/hbr.org\/2019\/10\/gdp-is-not-a-measure-of-human-well-being\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved\u00a020 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-71\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Coyle, Diane (March 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/fandd\/2017\/03\/coyle.htm\">&#8220;Rethinking GDP&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Finance &amp; Development<\/em>. Vol.\u00a054, no.\u00a01. International Monetary Fund.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200902170328\/https:\/\/www.imf.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/fandd\/2017\/03\/coyle.htm\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2 September 2020. Retrieved\u00a020 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-72\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0He, Guojun; Xie, Yang; Zhang, Bing (1 June 2020).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0304387820300602\">&#8220;Expressways, GDP, and the environment: The case of China&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Journal of Development Economics<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>145<\/strong>: 102485.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jdeveco.2020.102485\">10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2020.102485<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0304-3878\">0304-3878<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:203596268\">203596268<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201030164525\/https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0304387820300602\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved\u00a020 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-73\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2018\/05\/gdp-is-destroying-the-planet-heres-an-alternative\/\">&#8220;GDP is destroying the planet. Here&#8217;s an alternative&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>World Economic Forum<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200918234057\/https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2018\/05\/gdp-is-destroying-the-planet-heres-an-alternative\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved\u00a020 September\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-74\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Shahani, Lila; Deneulin, Severine (2009).\u00a0<em>An Introduction to the Human Development and Capability\u00a0: Approach<\/em>\u00a0(1st\u00a0ed.). London: Earthscan Ltd.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-1-84407-806-6\"><bdi>978-1-84407-806-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-75\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iim-edu.org\/grossnationalhappiness\/\">&#8220;Gross National Happiness (GNH) &#8211; A New Socioeconomic Development Policy Framework &#8211; A Policy White Paper &#8211; The American Pursuit of Unhappiness &#8211; Med Jones, IIM&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Iim-edu.org<\/em>. 10 January 2005.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170202050022\/https:\/\/www.iim-edu.org\/grossnationalhappiness\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved\u00a04 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-76\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thenational.ae\/opinion\/comment\/the-happiness-portfolio-is-no-laughing-matter\">&#8220;Happiness Ministry in Dubai&#8221;<\/a>. 11 February 2016.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170216193217\/http:\/\/www.thenational.ae\/opinion\/comment\/the-happiness-portfolio-is-no-laughing-matter\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 16 February 2017. Retrieved\u00a04 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-77\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150701192803\/https:\/\/www.hks.harvard.edu\/content\/download\/67149\/1241406\/version\/1\/file\/PAE+Beachy_Zorn_2012.pdf\">&#8220;Harvard Kennedy School Report to U.S. Congressman 21st Century GDP: National Indicators for a New Era&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hks.harvard.edu\/content\/download\/67149\/1241406\/version\/1\/file\/PAE+Beachy_Zorn_2012.pdf\">the original<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0on 2015-07-01. Retrieved\u00a02017-03-04.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-euro_78-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/LexUriServ\/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2009:0433:FIN:EN:PDF\">&#8220;GDP and beyond: Measuring progress in a changing world&#8221;<\/a>. European Union. 2009.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120104210253\/http:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/LexUriServ\/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2009:0433:FIN:EN:PDF\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 4 January 2012. Retrieved\u00a026 February\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-79\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/journals.hil.unb.ca\/index.php\/antistasis\/article\/viewFile\/21119\/24379\">&#8220;&#8221;Bhutan GNH Index&#8221;&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150212072510\/http:\/\/journals.hil.unb.ca\/index.php\/antistasis\/article\/viewFile\/21119\/24379\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2015-02-12. Retrieved\u00a02017-03-04.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-80\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.straitstimes.com\/opinion\/death-by-gdp-how-the-climate-crisis-is-driven-by-a-growth-yardstick\">&#8220;Death by GDP &#8211; how the climate crisis is driven by a growth yardstick&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Straits_Times\">The Straits Times<\/a><\/em>. 21 December 2019.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191222041235\/https:\/\/www.straitstimes.com\/opinion\/death-by-gdp-how-the-climate-crisis-is-driven-by-a-growth-yardstick\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved\u00a022 December\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-81\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Brynjolfsson, Erik; Collis, Avinash (2019-11-01).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2019\/11\/how-should-we-measure-the-digital-economy\">&#8220;How Should We Measure the Digital Economy?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Harvard Business Review<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0017-8012\">0017-8012<\/a>. Retrieved\u00a02024-01-21.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-82\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Brynjolfsson, Erik; Collis, Avinash; Diewert, W. Erwin; Eggers, Felix; Fox, Kevin J. (March 2019),\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w25695\"><em>GDP-B: Accounting for the Value of New and Free Goods in the Digital Economy<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(Working Paper), Working Paper Series,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3386%2Fw25695\">10.3386\/w25695<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hdl_(identifier)\">hdl<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/1959.4%2Funsworks_59015\">1959.4\/unsworks_59015<\/a>, retrieved\u00a02024-01-21<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-83\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/focus\/beyond-gdp\">&#8220;Beyond GDP&#8221;<\/a>. World Economic Forum.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220713105202\/https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/focus\/beyond-gdp\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved\u00a013 July\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-84\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Mengnan, Jiang (4 April 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chinadialogue.net\/en\/digest\/zhejiang-counts-gross-ecosystem-product-of-nature-reserve\/\">&#8220;Zhejiang counts &#8216;gross ecosystem product&#8217; of nature reserve&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>China Dialogue<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a07 April\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-85\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/graphic-detail\/2022\/09\/29\/a-study-of-lights-at-night-suggests-dictators-lie-about-economic-growth\">&#8220;A study of lights at night suggests dictators lie about economic growth&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Economist<\/em>. Sep 29, 2022.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0013-0613\">0013-0613<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221024204043\/https:\/\/www.economist.com\/graphic-detail\/2022\/09\/29\/a-study-of-lights-at-night-suggests-dictators-lie-about-economic-growth\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2022-10-24. Retrieved\u00a02022-10-25.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gross_domestic_product#cite_ref-86\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Mart\u00ednez, Luis R. (2022-10-01).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.journals.uchicago.edu\/doi\/10.1086\/720458\">&#8220;How Much Should We Trust the Dictator&#8217;s GDP Growth Estimates?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Journal of Political Economy<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>130<\/strong>\u00a0(10): 2731\u20132769.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086%2F720458\">10.1086\/720458<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0022-3808\">0022-3808<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:158256267\">158256267<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221206193357\/https:\/\/www.journals.uchicago.edu\/doi\/10.1086\/720458\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2022-12-06. Retrieved\u00a02022-12-01.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\">4. \u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC#cite_ref-CIA_1-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/data\/download\/GDP.pdf\">GDP (Official Exchange Rate)<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Bank\">World Bank<\/a>.\u00a0[2015-08-24]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170201165545\/http:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/data\/download\/GDP.pdf\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u4e8e2017-02-01\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC#cite_ref-2\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.gov.cn\/gzdt\/2013-01\/19\/content_2315891.htm\">\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u53d1\u5e032012\u5e74\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u521d\u6b65\u6838\u7b97\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/a>.\u00a0[2013-02-03]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130125060642\/http:\/\/www.gov.cn\/gzdt\/2013-01\/19\/content_2315891.htm\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2013-01-25\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC#cite_ref-GDP_vs_GNP%EF%BC%8C%E9%A6%AC%E8%8B%B1%E4%B9%9D%E6%80%8E%E9%BA%BC%E9%81%B8_%E6%97%A5%E7%B6%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%B6%B2_2012_3-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.cn.nikkei.com\/columnviewpoint\/column\/1219-20120118.html?start=2\">GDP vs GNP\uff0c\u99ac\u82f1\u4e5d\u600e\u9ebc\u9078 \u65e5\u7d93\u4e2d\u6587\u7db2<\/a>. \u65e5\u672c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b0\u95fb\u4e2d\u6587\u7248. 2012-01-18\u00a0[2018-09-06]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180906124535\/https:\/\/zh.cn.nikkei.com\/columnviewpoint\/column\/1219-20120118.html?start=2\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2018-09-06\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u4e2d\u6587\uff08\u53f0\u6e7e\uff09\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC#cite_ref-4\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Based on the IMF data. If no data was available for a country from IMF, I used WorldBank data.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC#cite_ref-5\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u56e0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%9A\">\u7b2c\u56db<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD\">\u7b2c\u4e94\u4ea7\u4e1a<\/a>\u672c\u8eab\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u660e\u786e\u663e\u793a\u4ea7\u503c\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u65e0\u8ba1\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5916\u90e8\u9023\u7d50\">5. \u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Wikimedia Commons has media related to <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Gross_domestic_product\">Gross domestic product<\/a><\/em><\/strong>.<br>\u3010\u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u7684\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wikiquote has quotations related to <em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikiquote.org\/wiki\/Gross_Domestic_Product\">Gross Domestic Product<\/a><\/strong><\/em>.<br>\u3010\u7ef4\u57fa\u8bed\u5f55\u6536\u5f55\u4e86\u4e0e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u540d\u8a00\u8b66\u53e5\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/stock-ai.com\/worldEconomic\">\u5168\u7403\u5404\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u989d<\/a>\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160828092640\/https:\/\/stock-ai.com\/worldEconomic\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160828092640\/https:\/\/stock-ai.com\/worldEconomic\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160828092640\/https:\/\/stock-ai.com\/worldEconomic\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160828092640\/https:\/\/stock-ai.com\/worldEconomic\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160828092640\/https:\/\/stock-ai.com\/worldEconomic\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160828092640\/https:\/\/stock-ai.com\/worldEconomic\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160828092640\/https:\/\/stock-ai.com\/worldEconomic\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160828092640\/https:\/\/stock-ai.com\/worldEconomic\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080916141031\/http:\/\/www.censtatd.gov.hk\/hong_kong_statistics\/key_economic_and_social_indicators\/index_tc.jsp#gdp\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/he.ce.cn\/gd\/201405\/06\/t20140506_1496389.shtml\">\u591a\u5730\u542f\u52a8\u65b0\u4e00\u8f6e\u5f15\u8d44\u4e0a\u9879\u76ee\uff1aGDP\u589e\u901f\u4e0d\u53ca\u9884\u671f<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140808044858\/http:\/\/he.ce.cn\/gd\/201405\/06\/t20140506_1496389.shtml\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140808044858\/http:\/\/he.ce.cn\/gd\/201405\/06\/t20140506_1496389.shtml\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140808044858\/http:\/\/he.ce.cn\/gd\/201405\/06\/t20140506_1496389.shtml\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140808044858\/http:\/\/he.ce.cn\/gd\/201405\/06\/t20140506_1496389.shtml\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140808044858\/http:\/\/he.ce.cn\/gd\/201405\/06\/t20140506_1496389.shtml\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140808044858\/http:\/\/he.ce.cn\/gd\/201405\/06\/t20140506_1496389.shtml\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140808044858\/http:\/\/he.ce.cn\/gd\/201405\/06\/t20140506_1496389.shtml\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09 \u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7f51 2014-07-31<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Global<\/strong>\u3010\u5168\u7403\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/EBchecked\/topic\/246647\">Gross domestic product<\/a> at the <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\">Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/Ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/66f306f503e529a5ca25697e0017661f\/3f880ee1d366198cca2569a400061616!OpenDocument\">Australian Bureau of Statistics Manual on GDP measurement<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/data.oecd.org\/gdp\/gross-domestic-product-gdp.htm\">OECD GDP chart<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090918013624\/http:\/\/unstats.un.org\/unsd\/databases.htm\">UN Statistical Databases<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/data\/home.aspx\">World Development Indicators (WDI)<\/a> at World Bank<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/publicdata\/explore?ds=wb-wdi&amp;met=ny_gdp_mktp_cd&amp;idim=country:USA:CHN:FRA:DEU:JPN:GBR\">World GDP Chart (since 1960)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Data<\/strong>\u3010\u6570\u636e\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bea.gov\/national\/index.htm#gdp\">Bureau of Economic Analysis: Official United States GDP data<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.historicalstatistics.org\/\">Historicalstatistics.org: Links to historical statistics on GDP for countries and regions<\/a>, maintained by the Department of Economic History at <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stockholm_University\">Stockholm University<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.measuringworth.org\/usgdp\/\">Historical U.S. GDP (yearly data)<\/a>, 1790\u2013present, maintained by Samuel H. Williamson and Lawrence H. Officer, both professors of economics at the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Illinois_at_Chicago\">University of Illinois at Chicago<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rug.nl\/ggdc\/historicaldevelopment\/maddison\/releases\/maddison-project-database-2020?lang=en\">The Maddison Project<\/a> of the Groningen Growth and Development Centre at the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Groningen\">University of Groningen<\/a>. This project extends the work of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Angus_Maddison\">Angus Maddison<\/a> in collating all the available, credible data estimating GDP for countries around the world. This includes data for some countries for over 2,000 years and for all countries since 1950.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Articles and books<\/strong>\u3010\u6587\u7ae0\u548c\u56fe\u4e66\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library\">Library resources<\/a> about <strong>Gross domestic product<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ftl.toolforge.org\/cgi-bin\/ftl?st=wp&amp;su=Gross+domestic+product\">Resources in your library<\/a><br>\u3010\u5173\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\uff08Gross Domestic Product, GDP\uff09\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u8d44\u6e90\u3011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>Callen, Tim. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.imf.org\/external\/pubs\/ft\/fandd\/basics\/gdp.htm\">&#8220;Gross Domestic Product: An Economy&#8217;s All&#8221;<\/a>. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Monetary_Fund\">International Monetary Fund<\/a><\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stiglitz, JE; Sen, A; Fitoussi, J-P (2010). <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130515010559\/http:\/\/www.wcfia.harvard.edu\/node\/6224\">&#8220;Mismeasuring our Lives: Why GDP Doesn&#8217;t Add Up&#8221;<\/a>. New Press. Archived from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wcfia.harvard.edu\/node\/6224\">the original<\/a> on May 15, 2013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100612235855\/http:\/\/dieoff.org\/page11.htm\">&#8220;What&#8217;s wrong with the GDP?&#8221;<\/a>, The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Genuine_progress_indicator\">Genuine progress indicator<\/a>: Summary of Data and Methodology, Redefining Progress C1995<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/pages.stern.nyu.edu\/~nroubini\/MEASURE.HTM\">Whether output and CPI inflation are mismeasured<\/a>, by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nouriel_Roubini\">Nouriel Roubini<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_Backus\">David Backus<\/a>, in Lectures in Macroeconomics<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rodney Edvinsson, Edvinsson, Rodney (2005). <a href=\"http:\/\/urn.kb.se\/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-378\">&#8220;Growth, Accumulation, Crisis: With New Macroeconomic Data for Sweden 1800\u20132000&#8221;<\/a>. <em>Diva<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/past\/politics\/ecbig\/gdp.htm\">Clifford Cobb, Ted Halstead and Jonathan Rowe. &#8220;If the GDP is up, why is America down?&#8221; The Atlantic Monthly, vol. 276, no. 4, October 1995, pages 59\u201378<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jerorn C.J.M. van den Bergh, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=962343\">Abolishing GDP<\/a>&#8220;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.oecdobserver.org\/news\/fullstory.php\/aid\/1507\/GDP_and_GNI.html\">GDP and GNI in OECD Observer No246-247, Dec 2004-Jan 2005<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u70b9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[124],"tags":[155,101],"class_list":["post-3693","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economics","tag-155","tag-101"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3693","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3693"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3693\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3693"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3693"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3693"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}