{"id":4211,"date":"2024-09-17T16:58:13","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T08:58:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=4211"},"modified":"2025-01-30T22:02:04","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T14:02:04","slug":"tupolev-tu-154-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2024\/09\/17\/tupolev-tu-154-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u56fe-154 \/ Tupolev Tu-154 &#8211; \u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u665a\u66f4\u65b0\u8005\u4e3a\u51c6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u5b57\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3<\/strong>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u97f3\u8282\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u58f0\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u5173\u4e8e\u8fbd\u89c2\u7684\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u642c\u8fd0\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5df2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a<\/a>\u3002\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<strong>\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/strong> <\/p>\n<cite>\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/653887754?utm_psn=1730141199812366337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/666846485?utm_psn=1730141316690960386\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u6b63\u6587\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u6982\u8ff0\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u5386\u7a0b\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u578b\u53f7\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/720539395\/\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u8fd0\u7528\u8005\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u4e8b\u6545\u3001\u5728\u5c55\u98de\u673a\u3001\u89c4\u683c\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/720656651\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"See_also\">2. \u53c2\u89c1\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u6761\uff09| See also<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Contents\/Portals\">Portals<\/a>:<\/strong>\u3010\u76f8\u5173\u4e3b\u9898\u3011\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"14\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/f\/f3\/Flag_of_Russia.svg\/32px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/f\/f3\/Flag_of_Russia.svg\/42px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/f\/f3\/Flag_of_Russia.svg\/21px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png\" alt=\"flag\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Russia\">Russia<\/a>\u3010\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e3b\u9898\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"11\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg\/32px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg\/42px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a9\/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg\/21px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png\" alt=\"flag\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Soviet_Union\">Soviet Union<\/a>\u3010\u82cf\u8054\u4e3b\u9898\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/68\/Aviacionavion.png\/29px-Aviacionavion.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/68\/Aviacionavion.png\/38px-Aviacionavion.png 2x\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/68\/Aviacionavion.png\/19px-Aviacionavion.png\" alt=\"\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Aviation\">Aviation<\/a> \/ <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"28\" height=\"28\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/68\/Aviacionavion.png\/42px-Aviacionavion.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/68\/Aviacionavion.png\/56px-Aviacionavion.png 2x\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/68\/Aviacionavion.png\/28px-Aviacionavion.png\" alt=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA\">\u822a\u7a7a\u4e3b\u9898<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-134\">\u56fe-134<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Related development<\/strong>\u3010\u76f8\u5173\u5f00\u53d1\u9879\u76ee\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-155\">Tupolev Tu-155<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-204\">Tupolev Tu-204<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era<\/strong>\u3010\u540c\u7c7b\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u98de\u673a\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boeing_727\">Boeing 727<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%B3%A2%E9%9F%B3727\">\u6ce2\u97f3727<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hawker_Siddeley_Trident\">Hawker Siddeley Trident<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9C%8D%E5%85%8B%E8%96%9B%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%89%E6%88%9F%E5%9E%8B\">\u970d\u514b\u859b\u5229\u4e09\u53c9\u621f\u578b<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yakovlev_Yak-42\">Yakovlev Yak-42<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Related lists<\/strong>\u3010\u76f8\u5173\u5217\u8868\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_civil_aircraft\">List of civil aircraft<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_jet_airliners\">List of jet airliners<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8\">\u98de\u673a\u5217\u8868<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"References\">3. \u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e | References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Citations\">3.1 \u5f15\u7528\u5217\u8868\uff08\u4e0e\u6587\u4e2d\u6807\u53f7\u5bf9\u5e94\uff09| Citations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-1\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rabinowitz, Jason (26 February 2013).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.airlinereporter.com\/2013\/02\/last-tupolev-tu-154-delivered-today-six-years-after-production-ceases\/\">&#8220;Last Tupolev TU-154 Delivered \u2013 16 Years After Production Ceases&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Airline Reporter<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20131212164325\/http:\/\/www.airlinereporter.com\/2013\/02\/last-tupolev-tu-154-delivered-today-six-years-after-production-ceases\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved\u00a012 December\u00a02013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-2\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161220231020\/http:\/\/www.tupolev.ru\/en\/civil_aviation\/tu-154\">&#8220;Tu-154 \u2013 \u0422\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>www.tupolev.ru<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tupolev.ru\/en\/civil_aviation\/tu-154\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 20 December 2016. Retrieved\u00a011 January\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-3\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, p. 8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-4\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, pp. 5, 18<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-5\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.today\/20110521105252\/http:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/articles\/2006\/06\/30\/207536\/aviakor-ends-tupolev-tu-154m-production-after-fulfilling-last.html\">&#8220;News Channel | Homepage&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Flightglobal.com<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/news\/\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 21 May 2011. Retrieved\u00a022 October\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-built_6-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aerotransport.org\/\">&#8220;AeroTransport Data Bank&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20021121105512\/http:\/\/www.aerotransport.org\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 21 November 2002. Retrieved\u00a026 December\u00a02014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-7\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/vz.ru\/news\/2013\/2\/19\/621062.html\">&#8220;The Last Serial Tu-154 Was Delivered to the Representatives of Russian Defense Ministry&#8221;<\/a>. Vzglyad.Ru. 19 February 2013.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130222022206\/http:\/\/vz.ru\/news\/2013\/2\/19\/621062.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 22 February 2013. Retrieved\u00a019 February\u00a02013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-8\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/lenta.ru\/news\/2013\/01\/09\/tu154\/\">&#8220;\u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430: \u041e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435: \u0428\u043e\u0439\u0433\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0422\u0443-154\u041c&#8221;<\/a>. Lenta.ru.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130515041742\/http:\/\/lenta.ru\/news\/2013\/01\/09\/tu154\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved\u00a016 August\u00a02013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-9\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, p. 21<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-10\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0OKB Tupolev, A History of the Design Bureau and its Aircraft, Yefin Gordon and Vladimir Rigmant, translated by Alexander Boyd, edited by Dmitriy Komissarov (Hinckley, UK, 2005)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/1-85780-214-4\">1-85780-214-4<\/a>\u00a0p. 257.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-11\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, p. 27<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-12\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, pp. 29\u201331<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-13\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, p. 34<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-AirForceWorld.com_tu154md_electronic_intelligence_aircraft_14-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110305060021\/http:\/\/www.airforceworld.com\/pla\/tu154md.htm\">&#8220;AirForceWorld.com Tu154md Electronic Intelligence Aircraft&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>AirForceWorld.com<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.airforceworld.com\/pla\/tu154md.htm\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 5 March 2011. Retrieved\u00a030 April\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-15\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200108035503\/https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/china\/diplomacy\/article\/2125535\/how-ageing-russian-passenger-jet-became-key-part-chinas\">&#8220;How an ageing Russian passenger jet became a key part of China&#8217;s military intelligence gathering&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>SCMP<\/em>. 24 December 2017. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/china\/diplomacy\/article\/2125535\/how-ageing-russian-passenger-jet-became-key-part-chinas\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 8 January 2020. Retrieved\u00a015 December\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-16\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, pp. 36\u201337<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-17\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, pp. 38\u201339<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-18\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, p. 40<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-19\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Komissarov, pp. 36, 144\u2013145<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-russianplanes_20-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-russianplanes_20-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130313142915\/http:\/\/russianplanes.net\/planelist\/Tupolev\/Tu-154\">&#8220;\u2708 russianplanes.net \u2708 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>russianplanes.net<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/russianplanes.net\/planelist\/Tupolev\/Tu-154\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 13 March 2013. Retrieved\u00a026 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-21\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170815141507\/https:\/\/russianplanes.net\/reginfo\/5271\">&#8220;\u2708 russianplanes.net \u2708 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>russianplanes.net<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/russianplanes.net\/reginfo\/5271\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 15 August 2017. Retrieved\u00a015 August\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-ch-aviation_22-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ch-aviation.com\/portal\/aircraft\/quick?ac_manufacturer=TDB&amp;ac_aircraft=Tu-154\">ch-aviation.com \u2013 Aircraft Quick Search: Tu-154<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150611004347\/http:\/\/ch-aviation.com\/portal\/aircraft\/quick?ac_manufacturer=TDB&amp;ac_aircraft=Tu-154\">Archived<\/a>\u00a011 June 2015 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>\u00a0retrieved 10 June 2015<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-23\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161211005629\/http:\/\/russianplanes.net\/airline\/Chinese_Air_Force\">&#8220;\u2708 russianplanes.net \u2708 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>russianplanes.net<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/russianplanes.net\/airline\/Chinese_Air_Force\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 11 December 2016. Retrieved\u00a026 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-24\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/airspace\/forums\/aeroflot-retires-the-legendary-tu-154s-44616.aspx\">&#8220;Aeroflot retires the legendary TU-154s&#8221;<\/a>. Flight Global. 18 January 2010.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100127091100\/http:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/airspace\/forums\/aeroflot-retires-the-legendary-tu-154s-44616.aspx\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 27 January 2010. Retrieved\u00a017 December\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-25\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110717183543\/http:\/\/www.uzairways.com\/news.aspx?ctl=News&amp;dId=1985&amp;pid=0&amp;cls=1\">&#8220;Uzbekistan Airways renews aircraft fleet&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.uzairways.com\/news.aspx?ctl=News&amp;dId=1985&amp;pid=0&amp;cls=1\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 17 July 2011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-26\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100906094359\/http:\/\/www.myaviation.ir\/fleet\/\">&#8220;Iranian airlines fleet&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.myaviation.ir\/fleet\/\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 6 September 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-NYT1_27-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Kramer, Andrew E. (21 June 2011).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/06\/22\/world\/europe\/22russia.html?_r=1&amp;partner=rss&amp;emc=rss\">&#8220;It Danced Once, but More Often It Crashes&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>New York Times<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161226061216\/http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/06\/22\/world\/europe\/22russia.html?_r=1&amp;partner=rss&amp;emc=rss\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 26 December 2016. Retrieved\u00a020 February\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-rte.ie_28-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-rte.ie_28-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rte.ie\/news\/2016\/1227\/841362-russia-plane-crash\/\">&#8220;Russia grounds all its TU-154 planes after crash&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>RTE.ie<\/em>. 27 December 2016.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161228031614\/https:\/\/www.rte.ie\/news\/2016\/1227\/841362-russia-plane-crash\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 28 December 2016. Retrieved\u00a027 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-:0_29-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-:0_29-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.news.com.au\/breaking-news\/russia-may-ground-tupolev-tu-154-jets-after-runway-explosion-kills-three\/news-story\/7dd8c9abfa73dbb5aa7e6ec5ecfa5c9d\">&#8220;Russia may ground Tupolev Tu-154 jets after runway explosion kills three&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/News.com.au\">News.com.au<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AFP_(news_agency)\">AFP<\/a>. 3 January 2021.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210625233438\/https:\/\/www.news.com.au\/breaking-news\/russia-may-ground-tupolev-tu-154-jets-after-runway-explosion-kills-three\/news-story\/7dd8c9abfa73dbb5aa7e6ec5ecfa5c9d\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved\u00a025 June\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-:1_30-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-:1_30-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Chan, Minnie (24 December 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/china\/diplomacy\/article\/2125535\/how-ageing-russian-passenger-jet-became-key-part-chinas\">&#8220;How an ageing Russian passenger jet became a key part of China&#8217;s military intelligence gathering&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/South_China_Morning_Post\">South China Morning Post<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200108035503\/https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/china\/diplomacy\/article\/2125535\/how-ageing-russian-passenger-jet-became-key-part-chinas\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 8 January 2020. Retrieved\u00a015 December\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-31\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201028\/tu-154-1581865614.html\">&#8220;\u0422\u0443-154 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(in Russian). RIA Novosti. 28 October 2020.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201214164945\/https:\/\/ria.ru\/20201028\/tu-154-1581865614.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 14 December 2020. Retrieved\u00a028 October\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-32\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rzjets.net\/operators\/?show=2773\">BH Airlines<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20151017120906\/http:\/\/rzjets.net\/operators\/?show=2773\">Archived<\/a>\u00a017 October 2015 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>\u00a0at rzjets.net, Retrieved 13 December 2014<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-33\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120825003828\/http:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/politics\/100702-iran-unveils-upgraded-missile-five-pieces-of-military-hardware\">&#8220;Iran unveils upgraded missile, five pieces of military hardware&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Tehran Times<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/politics\/100702-iran-unveils-upgraded-missile-five-pieces-of-military-hardware\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 25 August 2012. Retrieved\u00a016 August\u00a02013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-34\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Harro Ranter.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/database\/dblist.php?field=typecode&amp;var=475%&amp;cat=%%&amp;sorteer=datekey&amp;page=1\">&#8220;Aviation Safety Network \u2013 ASN Aviation Safety Database results&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160304101940\/http:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/database\/dblist.php?field=typecode&amp;var=475%&amp;cat=%%&amp;sorteer=datekey&amp;page=1\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved\u00a026 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-35\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Harro Ranter.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/database\/dblist.php?field=typecode&amp;var=475%&amp;cat=%1&amp;sorteer=datekey&amp;page=1\">&#8220;Aviation Safety Network \u2013 ASN Aviation Safety Database results&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150424144325\/http:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/database\/dblist.php?field=typecode&amp;var=475%&amp;cat=%1&amp;sorteer=datekey&amp;page=1\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 24 April 2015. Retrieved\u00a026 December\u00a02014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-36\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/database\/type\/type-stat.php?type=475\">&#8220;Tupolev Tu-154 Accident Statistics&#8221;<\/a>. Aviation Safety Network.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210208232302\/http:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/database\/type\/type-stat.php?type=475\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved\u00a03 February\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-37\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-europe-12105506\">&#8220;Russian airlines should ground Tu-154s, watchdog says&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>BBC News<\/em>. 2 January 2011.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110103045734\/http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-europe-12105506\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 3 January 2011. Retrieved\u00a02 January\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-38\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mellatonline.ir\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=8020:1389-11-27-05-38-42&amp;catid=56:news&amp;Itemid=68\">&#8220;\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0641\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u200c\u06af\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f&#8221;<\/a>.<sup>[<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Link_rot\">dead link<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-39\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150402102930\/http:\/\/www.rp.pl\/artykul\/625628_Agencja-zaleca-wycofanie-Tu-154M.html\">&#8220;Rosja. Tu-154M mog\u0105 wyj\u015b\u0107 z eksploatacji od 1 lipca&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Rzeczpospolita<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rp.pl\/artykul\/625628_Agencja-zaleca-wycofanie-Tu-154M.html\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 2 April 2015. Retrieved\u00a026 December\u00a02014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-40\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/aviamuseum.com.ua\/en\/exposition\/exposition\/kb-tupoleva\/252-tu-154\">&#8220;Tu-154&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Oleg Antonov State Aviation Museum<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200222021714\/http:\/\/aviamuseum.com.ua\/en\/exposition\/exposition\/kb-tupoleva\/252-tu-154\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 22 February 2020. Retrieved\u00a08 May\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-41\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/aeropark.hu\/ha-lcg\/\">&#8220;TU-154B-2&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Aeropark Budapest<\/em>\u00a0(in Hungarian).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200809055502\/https:\/\/aeropark.hu\/muzeumrol\/tu-154b-2\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved\u00a010 April\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-42\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/avioburgas.bg\/tu-154\">&#8220;Tupolev, Tu-154&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Aviomuseum Burgas<\/em>\u00a0(in Bulgarian).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230928134226\/https:\/\/avioburgas.bg\/tu-154\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved\u00a010 April\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-43\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.muzeum-kunovice.cz\/tupolev-tu-154m-nagansky-expres\/\">&#8220;Tupolev Tu-154 M &#8220;Nagansk\u00fd expres&#8221;&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Leteck\u00e9 muzem v Kunovic\u00edch<\/em>\u00a0(in Czech). 9 July 2019.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201025100425\/https:\/\/www.muzeum-kunovice.cz\/tupolev-tu-154m-nagansky-expres\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 25 October 2020. Retrieved\u00a029 October\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-44\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Pucher, Filip (31 December 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.airliners.sk\/video-posledny-prelet-tu-154-kosic\/\">&#8220;VIDEO &#8211; Posledn\u00fd prelet TU-154 do Ko\u0161\u00edc&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>airliners.sk<\/em>\u00a0(in Slovak).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210518161109\/https:\/\/www.airliners.sk\/video-posledny-prelet-tu-154-kosic\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved\u00a029 October\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-45\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181209213120\/http:\/\/www.tupolev.ru\/en\/civil_aviation\/tu-154\">&#8220;Tu-154 \u2013 \u0422\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>www.tupolev.ru<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tupolev.ru\/en\/civil_aviation\/tu-154\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 9 December 2018. Retrieved\u00a026 January\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-46\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/russia\/tu-154-specs.htm\">&#8220;Tu-154 Careless&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>www.globalsecurity.org<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190115023209\/https:\/\/www.globalsecurity.org\/military\/world\/russia\/tu-154-specs.htm\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 15 January 2019. Retrieved\u00a014 January\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-47\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.avsim.su\/f\/aviadokumentaciya-15\/tu-154m-rukovodstvo-po-lyotnoy-ekspluatacii-kniga-1-7958.html\">&#8220;Tu-154B Flight Crew Operations Manual&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180922024919\/https:\/\/www.avsim.su\/f\/aviadokumentaciya-15\/tu-154m-rukovodstvo-po-lyotnoy-ekspluatacii-kniga-1-7958.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 22 September 2018. Retrieved\u00a021 September\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-c1_48-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154#cite_ref-c1_48-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Originally measured as 10,500\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kilogram-force\">kgf<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Bibliography\">3.3 \u6765\u6e90\u6587\u732e | Bibliography<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dmitriy Komissarov,\u00a0<em>Tupolev Tu-154, The USSR&#8217;s Medium-Range Jet Airliner<\/em>, (Hinckley, UK, 2007)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/1857802411\">1857802411<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yefin Gordon and Vladimir Rigmant,\u00a0<em>OKB Tupolev, A History of the Design Bureau and its Aircraft<\/em>, translated by Alexander Boyd, edited by Dmitriy Komissarov (Hinckley, UK, 2005)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/1-85780-214-4\">1-85780-214-4<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\">4. \u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-fi_20060630_1-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zaitsev, Tom.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.today\/20110521105252\/http:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/Articles\/2006\/06\/30\/Navigation\/177\/207536\/Aviakor+ends+Tupolev+Tu-154M+production+after+fulfilling+last.html\">Aviakor ends Tupolev Tu-154M production after fulfilling last order<\/a>. Flight International. 2006-06-30\u00a0[2022-06-30]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.flightglobal.com\/Articles\/2006\/06\/30\/Navigation\/177\/207536\/Aviakor+ends+Tupolev+Tu-154M+production+after+fulfilling+last.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2011-05-21\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-2\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/2081143.stm\">Tu-154: The backbone of Russian fleets<\/a>. BBC News Europe.\u00a0[2011-02-27]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090601172301\/http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/2081143.stm\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2009-06-01\uff09.\u00a0<q>The Tu-154 operates in regions with not very good air traffic control and navigation equipment, and in very difficult weather conditions. The Tu-154 accidents include a number that have little relation to the aircraft.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-3\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u674e\u6c38\uff08\u4e3b\u7f16\uff09. \u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u822a\u673a\u578b\u5927\u5168\u300b. \u5317\u4eac: \u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u822a\u51fa\u7248\u793e. 2015: 53.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90\/978-7-5128-0294-0\">ISBN\u00a0978-7-5128-0294-0<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-4\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/mil.huanqiu.com\/article\/9CaKrnJDc2s\">\u4e13\u5bb6\uff1a\u6211\u56fe-154\u914d\u5408\u6210\u5b54\u5f84\u96f7\u8fbe \u6027\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5148\u8fdb<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%8E%AF%E7%90%83%E7%BD%91\">\u73af\u7403\u7f51<\/a>. \u4eba\u6c11\u7f51. 2013-11-18\u00a0[2022-06-30]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220630041329\/https:\/\/mil.huanqiu.com\/article\/9CaKrnJDc2s\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2022-06-30\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u4e2d\u6587\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\uff09\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-5\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u7530\u91ce.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sohu.com\/a\/428020068_267106\">\u4fc4\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u67b6\u56fe-154\u5ba2\u673a\u9000\u5f79<\/a>. \u65b0\u534e\u793e.\u00a0[2020-10-29]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201123154720\/https:\/\/www.sohu.com\/a\/428020068_267106\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2020-11-23\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-c1_6-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>6.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-c1_6-1\"><sup><strong>6.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u539f\u5199\u4f5c10,500\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%8D%83%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%9B\">kgf<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-7\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/8612915.stm\">Crash focuses attention on Tupolev-154<\/a>. BBC News. 2010-04-10\u00a0[2010-05-26]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100413215947\/http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/8612915.stm\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2010-04-13\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-autogenerated1_8-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090601172301\/http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/2081143.stm\">Tu-154: The backbone of Russian fleets<\/a>. BBC News. 2004-08-25\u00a0[2022-06-30]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/2\/hi\/europe\/2081143.stm\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2009-06-01\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-9\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.people.com.cn\/GB\/channel2\/702\/20000420\/43505.html\">\u6e29\u5dde\u201c2\u00b724\u201d\u7a7a\u96be\u7eaa\u5b9e\uff081999-2-24)<\/a>.\u00a0[2011-06-23]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200322193715\/http:\/\/www.people.com.cn\/GB\/channel2\/702\/20000420\/43505.html\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2020-03-22\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-10\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100414160609\/http:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/world\/2010-04\/11\/c_1226775.htm\">\u4fc4\u786e\u8ba4\u6ce2\u5170\u603b\u7edf\u4e13\u673a\u5931\u4e8b\u517196\u4eba\u9047\u96be<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E7%BD%91\">\u65b0\u534e\u7f51<\/a>.\u00a0[2011-12-02]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/world\/2010-04\/11\/c_1226775.htm\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2010-04-14\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-11\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Ranter, Harro.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110104084139\/http:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/database\/record.php?id=20110101-0\">ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-154B-2 RA-85588 Surgut Airport (SGC)<\/a>. www.aviation-safety.net. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/aviation-safety.net\/database\/record.php?id=20110101-0\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2011-01-04\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-12\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u0411\u0410\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0415\u0426, \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kp.ru\/daily\/25689\/893510\/\">\u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u043c-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0422\u0443-154 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0443<\/a>. kp.ru. 2011-05-22\u00a0[2022-06-30]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220122093653\/https:\/\/www.kp.ru\/daily\/25689\/893510\/\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2022-01-22\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u4fc4\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-13\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.channel4.com\/news\/flight-control-failure-blamed-for-russian-dancing-plane\">Flight control failure blamed for Russian \u2018dancing plane\u2019<\/a>. Channel 4 News. 2011-05-06\u00a0[2022-06-30]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220630041621\/https:\/\/www.channel4.com\/news\/flight-control-failure-blamed-for-russian-dancing-plane\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2022-06-30\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-14\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u6bdb\u548f\u742a.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hk01.com\/sns\/article\/62113\">\u4fc4\u570b\u9632\u90e8\u5ba2\u6a5f\u589c\u6bc1\u9ed1\u6d77 \u6a5f\u4e0a92\u4eba\u5168\u90e8\u7f79\u96e3<\/a>. \u9999\u6e2f01. 2016-12-25\u00a0[2022-06-30]\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u4e2d\u6587\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff09\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-15\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.appledaily.com.tw\/realtimenews\/article\/international\/20161225\/1020418\/\">\u3010\u4e0d\u65b7\u66f4\u65b0\u3011\u4fc4\u8f0992\u4eba\u8ecd\u6a5f\u5931\u4e8b\u3000\u672a\u627e\u5230\u751f\u9084\u8005<\/a>.\u00a0[2016-12-25]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161225214238\/http:\/\/www.appledaily.com.tw\/realtimenews\/article\/international\/20161225\/1020418\/\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2016-12-25\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9C%96-154#cite_ref-16\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chinatimes.com\/realtimenews\/20161225001901-260417\">\u4fc4\u570b\u9632\u90e8\u8f09\u670993\u4eba\u98db\u6a5f\u589c\u6bc0 \u6b98\u9ab8\u5df2\u5c0b\u7372<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%B8%AD%E6%99%82%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%A0%B1\">\u4e2d\u65f6\u7535\u5b50\u62a5<\/a>.\u00a0[2016-12-25]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161225145633\/http:\/\/www.chinatimes.com\/realtimenews\/20161225001901-260417\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2016-12-25\uff09.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"External_links\">5. \u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5 | External links<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Media related to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Tupolev_Tu-154\">Tupolev Tu-154<\/a>\u00a0at Wikimedia Commons \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90\">\u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/a>\u4e2d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Tupolev_Tu-154?uselang=zh-cn\">\u56fe-154<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.airliners.net\/photo\/Slovakia-Government\/Tupolev-Tu-154M\/1087183\">Image of Tu-154M flight-deck<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/news.bbc.co.uk\/1\/hi\/world\/europe\/2081143.stm\">BBC: Tu-154: The backbone of Russian fleets<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100413175703\/http:\/\/www.plastikowe.pl\/galerie\/tu-154m\">Gallery of Polish VIP variant of Tu-154M used by 36. Special Transport Aviation Regiment in\u00a0<em>Plastikowe.pl<\/em>\u00a0magazine<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101126222743\/http:\/\/www.tupolev.ru\/English\/Show.asp?SectionID=82\">\u56fe-155\u6c22\u71c3\u6599\u98de\u673a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599\uff08\u82f1\u6587\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.airliners.net\/search\/photo.search?aircraft_genericsearch=Tupolev%20Tu-154%2F155&amp;distinct_entry=true\">\u56fe-154\u7684\u56fe\u7247<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160204050235\/http:\/\/www.airliners.net\/search\/photo.search?aircraft_genericsearch=Tupolev%20Tu-154%2F155&amp;distinct_entry=true\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161229051006\/https:\/\/sinodefence.com\/airforce\/specialaircraft\/tu154md.asp\">Chinese surveillance\/ELINT\u56fe-154M\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www1.airpics.com\/search\/search.php?string=Tu-154&amp;si=0&amp;count=&amp;st=1&amp;ar=2\">\u4e0a\u767e\u5f20\u7684\u56fe-154\u76f8\u7247<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090214003715\/http:\/\/www1.airpics.com\/search\/search.php?string=Tu-154&amp;si=0&amp;count=&amp;st=1&amp;ar=2\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070929094253\/http:\/\/www.moscowtimes.ru\/stories\/2006\/08\/23\/001.html\">\u5168\u5458\u9047\u96be\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u56fe-154\u7a7a\u96be<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u70b9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[66,57,84],"tags":[155,101],"class_list":["post-4211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-military-and-war","category-cis","category-aircraft","tag-155","tag-101"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4211","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4211"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4211\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4211"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4211"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}