{"id":4534,"date":"2024-11-03T12:46:39","date_gmt":"2024-11-03T04:46:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=4534"},"modified":"2025-01-30T21:50:28","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T13:50:28","slug":"party-for-freedom-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2024\/11\/03\/party-for-freedom-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u81ea\u7531\u515a\uff08\u8377\u5170\uff09\/ Party for Freedom &#8211; \u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E9%BB%A8_(%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u665a\u66f4\u65b0\u8005\u4e3a\u51c6\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u5b57\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3<\/strong>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u97f3\u8282\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u58f0\u8c03\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u5173\u4e8e\u8fbd\u89c2\u7684\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u642c\u8fd0\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5df2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a<\/a>\u3002\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<strong>\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/strong> <\/p>\n<cite>\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/653887754?utm_psn=1730141199812366337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/666846485?utm_psn=1730141316690960386\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u6b63\u6587\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/4721251409\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/4721251409\/\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u6761 | See also<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cultural_conservatism\">Cultural conservatism<\/a>\u3010\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Islamophobia\">Islamophobia<\/a>\u3010\u4ec7\u89c6\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Criticism_of_Islamism\">Criticism of Islamism<\/a>\u3010\u5bf9\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Criticism_of_multiculturalism\">Criticism of multiculturalism<\/a>\u3010\u5bf9\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u3011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"References\">3. \u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e | References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180428102053\/https:\/\/www.parlement.com\/id\/vhnnmt7m4rqi\/partij_voor_de_vrijheid_pvv\">&#8220;Partij voor de Vrijheid (PVV)&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parlement.com\">Parlement.com<\/a><\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.parlement.com\/id\/vhnnmt7m4rqi\/partij_voor_de_vrijheid_pvv\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 28 April 2018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-Pauwels_3-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Pauwels, Teun (2014).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=dmUtBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA117\"><em>Populism in Western Europe: Comparing Belgium, Germany and The Netherlands<\/em><\/a>. Routledge. pp.\u00a0117\u2013118.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9781317653912\"><bdi>9781317653912<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20231123135400\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=dmUtBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA117#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved\u00a019 October\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-Oudenampsen_4-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Oudenampsen, Merijn (2013). &#8220;Explaining the Swing to the Right: The Dutch Debate on the Rise of Right-Wing Populism&#8221;. In Wodak, Ruth; KhosraviNik, Majid; Mral, Brigitte (eds.).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=EUhMAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA191\"><em>Right-Wing Populism in Europe: Politics and Discourse<\/em><\/a>. A&amp;C Black. p.\u00a0191.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-auto_5-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Nordsieck, Wolfram (2021).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.parties-and-elections.eu\/netherlands.html\">&#8220;Netherlands&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Parties and Elections in Europe<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170402084120\/http:\/\/parties-and-elections.eu\/netherlands.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved\u00a021 March\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVoermanVossen20197_6-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#CITEREFVoermanVossen2019\">Voerman &amp; Vossen 2019<\/a>, p.\u00a07.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-7\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120423035742\/http:\/\/www.euronews.com\/newswires\/1490908-dutch-elections-loom-as-budget-talks-collapse\/\">&#8220;Dutch elections loom as budget talks collapse&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euronews\">Euronews<\/a>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.euronews.com\/newswires\/1490908-dutch-elections-loom-as-budget-talks-collapse\/\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 23 April 2012. Retrieved\u00a022 April\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/far-right-dutch-politician-backs-mosques-koran-ban-islamic-schools\/\">&#8220;Dutch party wants to outlaw mosques, Islamic schools, Koran&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Politico\">Politico<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230923220201\/https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/far-right-dutch-politician-backs-mosques-koran-ban-islamic-schools\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 23 September 2023. Retrieved\u00a016 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/europe\/dutch-far-right-leader-seeks-ban-quran-mosques\">&#8220;Dutch Far-right Leader Seeks Ban on Quran, Mosques&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Voice of America<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190801152719\/https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/europe\/dutch-far-right-leader-seeks-ban-quran-mosques\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved\u00a013 August\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-10\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Magone, Jos\u00e9 M. (2011).\u00a0<em>Comparative European Politics: An Introduction<\/em>. Routledge. p.\u00a017.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9780203846391\"><bdi>9780203846391<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-11\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Albertazzi, Daniele; McDonnell, Duncan (2008),\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=tCGIAAAAMAAJ\"><em>Twenty-first century populism: The spectre of Western European democracy<\/em><\/a>, Palgrave Macmillan, p.\u00a0164<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-12\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Haan, Marko de (5 April 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrc.nl\/nieuws\/2024\/04\/05\/pvv-beoogt-geen-nexit-meer-a4195220\">&#8220;Wilders wil t\u00f3ch maar geen Nexit. Het past in een bredere trend waarin radicaalrechtse partijen de EU juist gebruiken&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>NRC<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVossen201334%E2%80%9335_13-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#CITEREFVossen2013\">Vossen 2013<\/a>, pp.\u00a034\u201335.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVossen201341%E2%80%9346_14-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#CITEREFVossen2013\">Vossen 2013<\/a>, pp.\u00a041\u201346.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVossen201352%E2%80%9356_15-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#CITEREFVossen2013\">Vossen 2013<\/a>, pp.\u00a052\u201356.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVossen201358%E2%80%9361_16-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#CITEREFVossen2013\">Vossen 2013<\/a>, pp.\u00a058\u201361.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVossen201354%E2%80%9355_17-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#CITEREFVossen2013\">Vossen 2013<\/a>, pp.\u00a054\u201355.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Lucardie, Paul (16 March 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rug.nl\/research\/dnpp\/politieke-partijen\/pvv\/geschiedenis\/\">&#8220;Partijgeschiedenis&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Documentatiecentrum Nederlandse Politieke Partijen<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVossen201362%E2%80%9363_19-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#CITEREFVossen2013\">Vossen 2013<\/a>, pp.\u00a062\u201363.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-20\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Leenders, Marij (2008). &#8220;Fitna-debat: spanning tussen verschillende elementaire rechten&#8221;.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/repository.ubn.ru.nl\/bitstream\/handle\/2066\/67965\/67965.pdf\"><em>Jaarboek Parlementaire Geschiedenis<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0(in Dutch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-21\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Ruigrok, Nel; Scholten, Otto; Krijt, Martijn; Schaper, Joep (2009).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aup-online.com\/docserver\/fulltext\/13846930\/37\/3\/CW_2009_037_003_238.pdf\">&#8220;Fitna in de media: een brongerichte mediahype&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em>Tijdschrift voor Communicatiewetenschap<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch).\u00a0<strong>37<\/strong>\u00a0(3).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVoermanVossen2019293%E2%80%93294_22-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#CITEREFVoermanVossen2019\">Voerman &amp; Vossen 2019<\/a>, pp.\u00a0293\u2013294.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-23\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl\/verkiezingen\/detail\/TK20100609\">&#8220;Kiesraad \u2013 Verkiezingsuitslagen&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230204163833\/https:\/\/verkiezingsuitslagen.nl\/verkiezingen\/detail\/TK20100609\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved\u00a024 February\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-24\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dutchnews.nl\/news\/archives\/2012\/03\/hero_brinkman_quits_the_pvv_op.php\">&#8220;Hero Brinkman quits the PVV, opposition call for new elections&#8221;<\/a>. DutchNews.nl. 20 March 2012.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120422164101\/http:\/\/www.dutchnews.nl\/news\/archives\/2012\/03\/hero_brinkman_quits_the_pvv_op.php\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 22 April 2012. Retrieved\u00a08 April\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-25\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/article.wn.com\/view\/WNAT0cc025902c4813c68046c95b3a128b8b\/\">&#8220;Drie Statenleden PVV Noord-Holland mee met Brinkman&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>wn.com<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). World News Network.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150611001740\/http:\/\/article.wn.com\/view\/WNAT0cc025902c4813c68046c95b3a128b8b\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 11 June 2015. Retrieved\u00a08 April\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-26\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Chesal, Robert.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120711233400\/http:\/\/www.rnw.nl\/english\/article\/wilders-gives-dutch-politics-a-roller-coaster-ride\">&#8220;Wilders gives Dutch politics a roller-coaster ride&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radio_Netherlands_Worldwide\">Radio Netherlands Worldwide<\/a>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rnw.nl\/english\/article\/wilders-gives-dutch-politics-a-roller-coaster-ride\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 11 July 2012. Retrieved\u00a016 July\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-27\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl\/verkiezingen\/detail\/TK20120912\">&#8220;Kiesraad \u2013 Verkiezingsuitslagen&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230224172337\/https:\/\/www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl\/verkiezingen\/detail\/TK20120912\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved\u00a024 February\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-28\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ad.nl\/binnenland\/pvv-zet-kamerlid-louis-bontes-uit-fractie~a48ffc4d\/\">&#8220;PVV zet Kamerlid Louis Bontes uit fractie&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Algemeen Dagblad<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230224172328\/https:\/\/www.ad.nl\/binnenland\/pvv-zet-kamerlid-louis-bontes-uit-fractie~a48ffc4d\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved\u00a024 February\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-29\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170722134207\/https:\/\/www.rtlnieuws.nl\/nieuws\/special\/dit-zijn-de-nederlandse-leden-van-het-europees-parlement\">&#8220;Dit zijn de Nederlandse leden van het Europees parlement&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>RTL Nieuws<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). 26 May 2014. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rtlnieuws.nl\/nieuws\/special\/dit-zijn-de-nederlandse-leden-van-het-europees-parlement\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 22 July 2017. Retrieved\u00a026 May\u00a02014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-30\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.parlement.com\/id\/vjvuh0bgrcmd\/nieuws\/auke_zijlstra_pvv_bevestigt_toetreding\">Auke Zijlstra (PVV) bevestigt toetreding tot Europees Parlement<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170320081138\/https:\/\/www.parlement.com\/id\/vjvuh0bgrcmd\/nieuws\/auke_zijlstra_pvv_bevestigt_toetreding\">Archived<\/a>\u00a020 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parlement.com\">Parlement &amp; Politiek<\/a><\/em>, 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-31\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160718100531\/http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-33147247\">&#8220;France&#8217;s Le Pen announces far-right bloc of anti-EU MEPs&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC_News\">BBC News<\/a><\/em>. 2015. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-33147247\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 18 July 2016. Retrieved\u00a019 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-foundationenf_32-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Maurice, Eric (2015).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170606005215\/https:\/\/euobserver.com\/political\/129140\">&#8220;Le Pen becomes group leader in EU parliament&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/EUobserver\">EUobserver<\/a><\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/euobserver.com\/political\/129140\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 6 June 2017. Retrieved\u00a019 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-33\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Tobias den Hartog (14 March 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ad.nl\/dossier-aanloop-verkiezingen-tweede-kamer\/vvd-profiteert-van-turkije-rel~ababca22\/\">&#8220;PVV zakt flink weg in peilingen, VVD profiteert&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Algemeen Dagblad<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170316205352\/http:\/\/www.ad.nl\/dossier-aanloop-verkiezingen-tweede-kamer\/vvd-profiteert-van-turkije-rel~ababca22\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 16 March 2017. Retrieved\u00a016 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-34\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/pubnpp.eldoc.ub.rug.nl\/FILES\/root\/verkiezingsprogramma\/TK\/pvv2017con\/PVV2017-2021con.pdf\">Concept-verkiezingsprogramma PVV 2017\u20132021<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170320053612\/http:\/\/pubnpp.eldoc.ub.rug.nl\/FILES\/root\/verkiezingsprogramma\/TK\/pvv2017con\/PVV2017-2021con.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a020 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Groningen\">University of Groningen<\/a>. Retrieved 19 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-35\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170606150635\/http:\/\/www.telegraaf.nl\/binnenland\/27813134\/__VVD_de_grootste__.html\">&#8220;VVD de grootste, zwaar verlies PvdA&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/De_Telegraaf\">De Telegraaf<\/a><\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). 2017. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.telegraaf.nl\/nieuws\/1327829\/vvd-de-grootste-zwaar-verlies-pvd-a\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 6 June 2017. Retrieved\u00a017 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-36\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dutchnews.nl\/news\/archives\/2017\/01\/vvd-leader-mark-rutte-says-zero-chance-of-coalition-with-geert-wilders\">&#8220;VVD leader Mark Rutte says &#8216;zero&#8217; chance of coalition with Geert Wilders&#8221;<\/a>. DutchNews.nl. 16 January 2017.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170518030519\/http:\/\/www.dutchnews.nl\/news\/archives\/2017\/01\/vvd-leader-mark-rutte-says-zero-chance-of-coalition-with-geert-wilders\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 18 May 2017. Retrieved\u00a019 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-37\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/thierry-baudet-forum-for-democracy-netherlands-5-things-to-know-about-dutch-far-rights-new-figurehead\/\">&#8220;5 things to know about Dutch far right&#8217;s new figurehead&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Politico\">Politico<\/a><\/em>. 25 March 2019.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230906195149\/https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/thierry-baudet-forum-for-democracy-netherlands-5-things-to-know-about-dutch-far-rights-new-figurehead\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved\u00a010 April\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-38\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/far-right-dutch-mep-marcel-de-graaf-ditch-geert-wilders-party-coronavirus-vaccine-stance\/\">&#8220;Far-right Dutch MEP ditches Geert Wilders&#8217; party over its vaccination stance&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Politico\">Politico<\/a><\/em>. 20 January 2022.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221210130613\/https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/far-right-dutch-mep-marcel-de-graaf-ditch-geert-wilders-party-coronavirus-vaccine-stance\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved\u00a026 January\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-:0_39-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Corder, Mike; Casert, Raf (22 November 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/International\/wireStory\/election-replace-longest-serving-leader-netherlands-voters-clean-105087882\">&#8220;Netherlands looks set to replace longest-serving leader, Wilders wins landslide election&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ABC_News_(United_States)\">ABC News<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20231122223956\/https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/International\/wireStory\/election-replace-longest-serving-leader-netherlands-voters-clean-105087882\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved\u00a022 November\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-40\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0O&#8217;Carroll, Lisa (23 November 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2023\/nov\/23\/dutch-explain-why-they-voted-for-geert-wilders-netherlands-election\">&#8220;Tax, healthcare, immigration: why Dutch people voted for Geert Wilders&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Guardian<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0261-3077\">0261-3077<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20231125213953\/https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2023\/nov\/23\/dutch-explain-why-they-voted-for-geert-wilders-netherlands-election\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved\u00a025 November\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-41\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Meijer, Bart (14 December 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/europe\/wilders-dutch-nationalist-party-claims-parliament-chair-first-time-2023-12-14\/\">&#8220;Wilders&#8217; Dutch nationalist party claims parliament chair for first time&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a030 December\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-42\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rita C-K Chin (2009).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=tqlrRJHwjKoC&amp;pg=PA239\"><em>After the Nazi racial state: difference and democracy in Germany and Europe<\/em><\/a>. University of Michigan Press. p.\u00a0239.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0472025787\"><bdi>978-0472025787<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-43\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-europe-38253122\">&#8220;Are Dutch voters really turning to populist Geert Wilders?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>BBC News<\/em>. 9 December 2016.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180618173606\/https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-europe-38253122\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved\u00a022 June\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-44\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Multiple sources:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kleinpaste, Thijs (28 March 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2019\/03\/28\/the-new-face-of-the-dutch-far-right-fvd-thierry-baudet-netherlands-pvv-geert-wilders\/\">&#8220;The New Face of the Dutch Far-Right&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190709105722\/https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2019\/03\/28\/the-new-face-of-the-dutch-far-right-fvd-thierry-baudet-netherlands-pvv-geert-wilders\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved\u00a013 August\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/thetwo-way\/2017\/03\/16\/520376715\/geert-wilders-dutch-donald-trump-takes-second-place-in-closely-watched-election\">&#8220;Geert Wilders, &#8216;Dutch Donald Trump&#8217;, Takes Second Place In Closely Watched Election&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>NPR.org<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190711033331\/https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/thetwo-way\/2017\/03\/16\/520376715\/geert-wilders-dutch-donald-trump-takes-second-place-in-closely-watched-election\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved\u00a013 August\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Meeus, Tom-Jan (22 October 2018).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/mark-rutte-dutch-politics-eu-netherlands-european-union-brussels\/\">&#8220;Mark Rutte&#8217;s leaden touch&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>POLITICO<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190728233404\/https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/mark-rutte-dutch-politics-eu-netherlands-european-union-brussels\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 28 July 2019. Retrieved\u00a013 August\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Daugherty, Owen (6 February 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/thehill.com\/blogs\/blog-briefing-room\/news\/428866-far-right-former-dutch-lawmaker-who-said-the-quran-is-poison\">&#8220;Far-right former Dutch lawmaker who said the Quran is &#8216;poison&#8217; converts to Islam&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>TheHill<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190412122545\/https:\/\/thehill.com\/blogs\/blog-briefing-room\/news\/428866-far-right-former-dutch-lawmaker-who-said-the-quran-is-poison\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved\u00a013 August\u00a02019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Venema, Tjebbe (7 March 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.human.nl\/medialogica\/lees\/2024\/is-de-pvv-extreemrechts.html\">&#8220;Is de PVV van Geert Wilders extreemrechts?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Medialogica<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). Retrieved\u00a027 October\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-Lucardie2009_46-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lucardie, Anthonie (2009). Voerman, Gerrit (ed.).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pure.rug.nl\/ws\/portalfiles\/portal\/20875483\/JB07LucardieDEF_1_.pdf\">&#8220;Rechtsextremisme, populisme of democratisch patriotisme? Opmerkingen over de politieke plaatsbepaling van de Partij voor de Vrijheid en Trots op Nederland&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em>Jaarboek 2007<\/em>. Groningen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-47\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Pelgrim, Christiaan; Steenbergen, Enzo van (12 March 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170313094825\/https:\/\/www.nrc.nl\/nieuws\/2017\/03\/12\/de-pvv-is-best-sociaal-maar-wel-selectief-7328509-a1549996\">&#8220;De PVV is best sociaal, maar wel selectief&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>NRC Handelsblad<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nrc.nl\/nieuws\/2017\/03\/12\/de-pvv-is-best-sociaal-maar-wel-selectief-7328509-a1549996\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 13 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-48\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Besides Vossen, multiple sources call PVV anti-Muslim of anti-Islam:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Subramanian, Samanth (9 March 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thenational.ae\/world\/europe\/could-the-anti-islam-party-for-freedom-come-out-on-top-in-upcoming-netherlands-election\">&#8220;Could the anti-Islam Party for Freedom come out on top in upcoming Netherlands election?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The National<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170318085339\/http:\/\/www.thenational.ae\/world\/europe\/could-the-anti-islam-party-for-freedom-come-out-on-top-in-upcoming-netherlands-election\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 18 March 2017. Retrieved\u00a016 April\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dancygier, Rafaela M. (2010).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=vTRzzVMzhScC&amp;pg=PA287\"><em>Immigration and Conflict in Europe<\/em><\/a>. Cambridge University Press. p.\u00a0287.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9781139490498\"><bdi>9781139490498<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20231123135402\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=vTRzzVMzhScC&amp;pg=PA287#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved\u00a023 November\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monsma, Stephen V.; Soper, J. Christopher (2009).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=LqtOyWU3D54C&amp;pg=PA68\"><em>The challenge of pluralism: church and state in five democracies<\/em><\/a>. Rowman &amp; Littlefield. p.\u00a068.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9780742557406\"><bdi>9780742557406<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20231004082855\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=LqtOyWU3D54C&amp;pg=PA68\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved\u00a023 November\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bayat, Asef (November 2007). &#8220;When Muslims and Modernity Meet&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Contemporary Sociology<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>36<\/strong>\u00a0(6): 507\u2013511.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177%2F009430610703600602\">10.1177\/009430610703600602<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:143793000\">143793000<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Andringa, Hans (4 December 2007).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20081018231807\/http:\/\/www.radionetherlands.nl\/currentaffairs\/071204-freedom-party-mc\">&#8220;Dutch show mixed reactions to anti-Muslim party&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radio_Netherlands_Worldwide\">Radio Netherlands Worldwide<\/a>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.radionetherlands.nl\/currentaffairs\/071204-freedom-party-mc\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 18 October 2008. Retrieved\u00a04 April\u00a02009.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVossen201365%E2%80%93110_49-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#CITEREFVossen2013\">Vossen 2013<\/a>, pp.\u00a065\u2013110.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-50\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110724152402\/http:\/\/www.elsevier.nl\/web\/10147551\/Nieuws\/Politiek\/Minister-Wilders-moslimmotie-is-onmogelijk.htm\">&#8220;Minister: Wilders&#8217; moslimmotie is onmogelijk&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(in Dutch).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elsevier_(magazine)\">Elsevier<\/a>. 22 November 2007. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.elsevier.nl\/web\/10147551\/Nieuws\/Politiek\/Minister-Wilders-moslimmotie-is-onmogelijk.htm\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 24 July 2011. Retrieved\u00a05 April\u00a02009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-51\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nu.nl\/algemeen\/1342274\/agente-met-hoofddoek-absoluut-onwenselijk.html\">&#8220;Agente met hoofddoek absoluut onwenselijk&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(in Dutch).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NU.nl\">NU.nl<\/a>. 4 December 2007.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181115211052\/https:\/\/www.nu.nl\/algemeen\/1342274\/agente-met-hoofddoek-absoluut-onwenselijk.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved\u00a05 April\u00a02009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-52\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dutchnews.nl\/news\/archives\/2012\/02\/problems_with_poles_report_the.php\">Problems with Poles? Report them to us, says new PVV website<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120211031841\/http:\/\/www.dutchnews.nl\/news\/archives\/2012\/02\/problems_with_poles_report_the.php\">Archived<\/a>\u00a011 February 2012 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8220;. DutchNews.nl. 8 February 2012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-53\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120221200832\/http:\/\/af.reuters.com\/article\/worldNews\/idAFTRE8191ML20120210\">Dutch allow Wilders&#8217; anti-Pole website, EU critical<\/a>&#8220;.\u00a0<em>Reuters.<\/em>\u00a010 February 2012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-54\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sofiaecho.com\/2012\/02\/16\/1767592_controversy-continues-over-wilders-anti-eastern-european-website\">Sofiaecho.com 16 February 2012<\/a>&#8220;.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120217125414\/http:\/\/www.sofiaecho.com\/2012\/02\/16\/1767592_controversy-continues-over-wilders-anti-eastern-european-website\">Archived<\/a>\u00a017 February 2012 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-55\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Pearson, Elizabeth; Winterbotham, Emily; Brown, Katherine E. (2021).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=6XMeEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA102\"><em>Countering Violent Extremism: Making Gender Matter<\/em><\/a>. Springer Nature. p.\u00a0102.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9783030219628\"><bdi>9783030219628<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20231125075702\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=6XMeEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA102#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved\u00a023 November\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-56\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/europe\/netherlands-pvv-leader-geert-wilders-koran-islam-mosque-ban-holland-dutch-pm-favourite-a7214356.html\">&#8220;The Netherlands&#8217; most popular party wants to ban all mosques&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Independent<\/em>. 28 August 2016.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ghostarchive.org\/archive\/20220525\/http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/europe\/netherlands-pvv-leader-geert-wilders-koran-islam-mosque-ban-holland-dutch-pm-favourite-a7214356.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved\u00a013 August\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-57\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.volkskrant.nl\/nieuws-achtergrond\/pvv-tegen-militair-met-dubbele-nationaliteit~b407eab2\/\">&#8220;PVV tegen militair met dubbele nationaliteit&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Volkskrant<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). 22 November 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-58\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Heck, Wilmer; Staal, Herman (7 July 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrc.nl\/nieuws\/2024\/07\/07\/de-hongaarse-connectie-het-kabinet-en-pvv-leider-wilders-a4858987\">&#8220;De Hongaarse connectie van het kabinet en PVV-leider Wilders&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NRC_Handelsblad\">NRC Handelsblad<\/a><\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-59\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nu.nl\/politiek\/2364222\/wilders-dient-geen-motie-van-wantrouwen-in.html\">&#8220;Wilders dient geen motie van wantrouwen in&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nu.nl\">Nu.nl<\/a><\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). 26 October 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-60\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Florian_Hartleb&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Hartleb, Florian<\/a>\u00a0(2017). Andis Kudors; Artis Pabriks (eds.).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/appc.lv\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/11\/APPC_Populism_2017_web.pdf\">&#8220;It\u00b4s migration, stupid! Lessons from the Elections in Germany and the Netherlands in the Light of Populism&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em>The Rise of Populism: Lessons for the European Union and the United States of America<\/em>. Riga: University of Latvia Press: 105.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-9934-18-280-8\"><bdi>978-9934-18-280-8<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-61\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/nos.nl\/artikel\/649997-pvv-eu-droom-is-nu-nachtmerrie.html\">&#8220;PVV: EU-droom is nu nachtmerrie&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(in Dutch). NOS. 19 May 2014.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150903223123\/http:\/\/nos.nl\/artikel\/649997-pvv-eu-droom-is-nu-nachtmerrie.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 3 September 2015. Retrieved\u00a026 May\u00a02014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-62\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Buuren, Yara van.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.trouw.nl\/politiek\/pvv-pleit-niet-meer-voor-nexit-maar-wil-de-eu-van-binnenuit-veranderen~b2ea8c16\/\">&#8220;PVV pleit niet meer voor nexit, maar wil de EU van binnenuit veranderen&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trouw\">Trouw<\/a><\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). Retrieved\u00a022 October\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.populismstudies.org\/disagreement-among-populists-in-the-netherlands-the-diverging-rhetorical-and-policy-positions-of-dutch-populist-radical-right-parties-following-russias-invasion-of-ukraine\/\">&#8220;Disagreement among populists in the Netherlands: The diverging rhetorical and policy positions of Dutch populist Radical Right parties following Russia&#8217;s invasion of Ukraine&#8221;<\/a>. Populism Studies. 4 March 2023.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230821222331\/https:\/\/www.populismstudies.org\/disagreement-among-populists-in-the-netherlands-the-diverging-rhetorical-and-policy-positions-of-dutch-populist-radical-right-parties-following-russias-invasion-of-ukraine\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved\u00a021 August\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-64\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20121025084909\/http:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/print-edition\/news\/dutch-anti-islam-mp-israel-is-west-s-first-line-of-defense-1.278293\">&#8220;Dutch anti-Islam MP: &#8216;Israel is West&#8217;s first line of defense&#8217; \u2013 Israel News | Haaretz Daily Newspaper&#8221;<\/a>. 25 October 2012. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/print-edition\/news\/dutch-anti-islam-mp-israel-is-west-s-first-line-of-defense-1.278293\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 25 October 2012. Retrieved\u00a04 June\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-65\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.parool.nl\/gs-b0f197bf\">&#8220;Wilders spreekt met Lieberman&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Het Parool<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). 4 December 2010. Retrieved\u00a04 June\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-66\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nos.nl\/l\/2230019\">&#8220;Hoe zijn verblijf in Isra\u00ebl Geert Wilders gevormd heeft&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>NOS<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). 2 May 2018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-67\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Straaten, Floris van (17 May 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrc.nl\/nieuws\/2024\/05\/17\/verhuizing-nederlandse-ambassade-naar-jeruzalem-kan-nog-heel-lang-duren-a4199262\">&#8220;Verhuizing Nederlandse ambassade naar Jeruzalem kan nog heel lang duren&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>NRC<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-68\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070930200935\/http:\/\/www.elsevier.nl\/nieuws\/politiek\/artikel\/asp\/artnr\/88062\/index.html\">&#8220;Groep Wilders wordt Partij voor de Vrijheid&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(in Dutch).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elsevier_(magazine)\">Elsevier<\/a>. 23 February 2006. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.elsevier.nl\/nieuws\/politiek\/artikel\/asp\/artnr\/88062\/index.html\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 30 September 2007. Retrieved\u00a05 April\u00a02009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Willem Visser, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/sargasso.nl\/kleur-en-symboliek-nederlandse-politiek\/\">Kleur en symboliek in de Nederlandse politiek<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170305200449\/http:\/\/sargasso.nl\/kleur-en-symboliek-nederlandse-politiek\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a05 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<em>Sargasso.nl<\/em>, 2017. Retrieved 5 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Bas Kromhout, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historischnieuwsblad.nl\/nl\/nieuws\/10749\/Wilders_gebruikt_%5c%e2%80%98besmet%5c%e2%80%99_logo.html\">Wilders gebruikt &#8216;besmet&#8217; logo<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170305200200\/https:\/\/www.historischnieuwsblad.nl\/nl\/nieuws\/10749\/Wilders_gebruikt_%5c%e2%80%98besmet%5c%e2%80%99_logo.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a05 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<em>Historisch Nieuwsblad<\/em>, 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-71\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraaf.nl\/binnenland\/20624246\/__Wilders_woedend_na_NSB-vergelijking__.html\">Wilders woedend over vergelijking met NSB<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170305195612\/http:\/\/www.telegraaf.nl\/binnenland\/20624246\/__Wilders_woedend_na_NSB-vergelijking__.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a05 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/De_Telegraaf\">De Telegraaf<\/a><\/em>, 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-72\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Haisma, Merel (14 October 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dit.eo.nl\/artikel\/pvv-verplicht-leden-d66-nsc-omtzigt-minister-faber\">&#8220;Moet de PVV verplicht leden krijgen? &#8216;Waar bemoei je je mee'&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(in Dutch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Vossen, Koen (2012).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.montesquieu-instituut.nl\/id\/vj5eflkxm6yg\/een_unieke_partij_de_organisatie_van_de\">&#8220;Een unieke partij. De organisatie van de PVV&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Montesquieu Instituut<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). Retrieved\u00a04 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-74\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dpart.org\/the-dutch-freedom-party\/\">&#8220;The Dutch Freedom Party: A one-man show&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210926085009\/https:\/\/dpart.org\/the-dutch-freedom-party\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 26 September 2021. Retrieved\u00a026 January\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-75\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/a-history-of-dutch-populism-from-the-murder-of-pim-fortuyn-to-the-rise-of-geert-wilders-74483\">&#8220;A history of Dutch populism, from the murder of Pim Fortuyn to the rise of Geert Wilders&#8221;<\/a>. 14 March 2017.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220120174652\/http:\/\/theconversation.com\/a-history-of-dutch-populism-from-the-murder-of-pim-fortuyn-to-the-rise-of-geert-wilders-74483\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved\u00a026 January\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-76\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Hecking, Claus (23 February 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.spiegel.de\/international\/europe\/geert-wilders-and-donald-trump-use-same-playbook-a-1135759.html\">&#8220;Geert Wilders and Donald Trump Use Same Playbook&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Der Spiegel<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220126030753\/https:\/\/www.spiegel.de\/international\/europe\/geert-wilders-and-donald-trump-use-same-playbook-a-1135759.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved\u00a026 January\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-77\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/just-who-votes-for-wilders-and-dutch-party-of-freedom\/a-37552682\">&#8220;Just who votes for Wilders and Dutch Party of Freedom?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deutsche_Welle\">Deutsche Welle<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220126030743\/https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/just-who-votes-for-wilders-and-dutch-party-of-freedom\/a-37552682\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved\u00a026 January\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-78\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/europe\/netherlands-dutch-election-voters-geert-wilders-a7626071.html\">&#8220;Meet the Dutch immigrants backing far-right election candidate Geert Wilders&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independent.co.uk\">Independent.co.uk<\/a><\/em>. 12 March 2017.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ghostarchive.org\/archive\/20220525\/https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/europe\/netherlands-dutch-election-voters-geert-wilders-a7626071.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved\u00a026 January\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-79\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nu.nl\/politiek\/2768411\/lobbykantoren-vs-steunen-pvv.html\">&#8216;Lobbykantoren VS steunen PVV&#8217;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120321215653\/http:\/\/www.nu.nl\/politiek\/2768411\/lobbykantoren-vs-steunen-pvv.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a021 March 2012 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NU.nl\">NU.nl<\/a><\/em>, 2012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-80\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Anthony Deutsch &amp; Mark Hosenball, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-dutch-wilders-us-idUSBRE8890Q820120910\">Exclusive: U.S. groups helped fund Dutch anti-Islam politician Wilders<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210517141539\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-dutch-wilders-us-idUSBRE8890Q820120910\">Archived<\/a>\u00a017 May 2021 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8220;,\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reuters\">Reuters<\/a><\/em>, 2012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-81\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/vorige.nrc.nl\/binnenland\/article2544752.ece\/Partners_Wilders_in_VS_verdienen_aan_acties_tegen_moslimextremisme\">Partners Wilders in VS verdienen aan acties tegen moslimextremisme<\/a>&#8221;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20111012085802\/http:\/\/vorige.nrc.nl\/binnenland\/article2544752.ece\/Partners_Wilders_in_VS_verdienen_aan_acties_tegen_moslimextremisme\">Archived<\/a>\u00a012 October 2011 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>\u00a0(in Dutch),\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NRC_Handelsblad\">NRC Handelsblad<\/a><\/em>, 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Cynthia Kroet, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/geert-wilders-far-right-party-suffers-donation-downturn\/\">Geert Wilders&#8217; far-right party suffers donation downturn<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170311184305\/http:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/geert-wilders-far-right-party-suffers-donation-downturn\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a011 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8220;,\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Politico_Europe\">Politico Europe<\/a><\/em>, 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-83\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten\/publicaties\/2014\/10\/01\/pvv-financieel-verslag-over-2013\">Financieel verslag PVV 2013<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170309062821\/https:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten\/publicaties\/2014\/10\/01\/pvv-financieel-verslag-over-2013\">Archived<\/a>\u00a09 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Government_of_the_Netherlands\">Government of the Netherlands<\/a><\/em>, 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-84\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten\/publicaties\/2015\/09\/21\/pvv---financieel-verslag-over-2014\">Financieel verslag PVV 2014<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170309061344\/https:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten\/publicaties\/2015\/09\/21\/pvv---financieel-verslag-over-2014\">Archived<\/a>\u00a09 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Government_of_the_Netherlands\">Government of the Netherlands<\/a><\/em>, 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-85\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten\/publicaties\/2016\/10\/13\/financiele-verslagen-over-2015-van-politieke-partijen\">Financi\u00eble verslagen over 2015 van politieke partijen<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170309070548\/https:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten\/publicaties\/2016\/10\/13\/financiele-verslagen-over-2015-van-politieke-partijen\">Archived<\/a>\u00a09 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Government_of_the_Netherlands\">Government of the Netherlands<\/a><\/em>, 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-86\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten\/publicaties\/2017\/03\/08\/overzicht-giften-en-schulden-politieke-partijen-tweede-kamerverkiezingen\">Overzicht giften en schulden politieke partijen Tweede Kamerverkiezingen<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170309071257\/https:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten\/publicaties\/2017\/03\/08\/overzicht-giften-en-schulden-politieke-partijen-tweede-kamerverkiezingen\">Archived<\/a>\u00a09 March 2017 at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&#8221; (in Dutch),\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Government_of_the_Netherlands\">Government of the Netherlands<\/a><\/em>, 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-87\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Mohdin, Aamna.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/qz.com\/928684\/the-dutch-far-rights-election-donors-are-almost-exclusively-american\/\">&#8220;The Dutch far right&#8217;s election donors are almost exclusively American&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Quartz<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170310205252\/https:\/\/qz.com\/928684\/the-dutch-far-rights-election-donors-are-almost-exclusively-american\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 10 March 2017. Retrieved\u00a011 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Party_for_Freedom#cite_ref-senateelectionresults_88-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160304091218\/http:\/\/www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl\/Na1918\/Verkiezingsuitslagen.aspx?VerkiezingsTypeId=2\">&#8220;Verkiezingsuitslagen Eerste Kamer 1918 \u2013 heden&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kiesraad\">Kiesraad<\/a><\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl\/Na1918\/Verkiezingsuitslagen.aspx?VerkiezingsTypeId=2\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 4 March 2016. Retrieved\u00a09 March\u00a02017.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"General_references\">3.2 \u6765\u6e90\u6587\u732e | General references<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>Voerman, Gerrit; Vossen, Koen, eds. (2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dnpprepo.ub.rug.nl\/87433\/1\/Voerman%20en%20Vossen%20-%20Wilders%20gewogen%20-%202019.pdf\"><em>Wilders gewogen. 15 jaar reuring in de Nederlandse politiek<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0(in Dutch). Amsterdam: Boom.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-90-244-3027-7\"><bdi>978-90-244-3027-7<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vossen, Koen (2013).\u00a0<em>Rondom Wilders<\/em>\u00a0(in Dutch). Amsterdam: Boom.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9789461055224\"><bdi>9789461055224<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Further_reading\">5. \u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb | Further reading<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\">Hlou\u0161ek, V\u00edt; Kope\u010dek, Lubom\u00edr; Vodov\u00e1, Petra (2020).\u00a0<em>The Rise of Entrepreneurial Parties in European Politics<\/em>. Springer Nature.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-3-030-41916-5\"><bdi>978-3-030-41916-5<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"External_links\">6. \u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5 | External links<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Commons-logo.svg\"><\/a>\u00a0Media related to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Partij_voor_de_Vrijheid\">Partij voor de Vrijheid<\/a>\u00a0at Wikimedia Commons<br>\u3010\u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u4e2d\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pvv.nl\/\">Official website<\/a>\u00a0(in Dutch)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u70b9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[41,103],"tags":[155,101],"class_list":["post-4534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-europe-except-cis","category-parties","tag-155","tag-101"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4534"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4534\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}