{"id":4888,"date":"2024-12-12T15:44:27","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T07:44:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=4888"},"modified":"2025-01-30T20:51:22","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T12:51:22","slug":"chaebol-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2024\/12\/12\/chaebol-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u97e9\u56fd\u8d22\u9600 \/ Chaebol &#8211; \u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u665a\u66f4\u65b0\u8005\u4e3a\u51c6\uff09\u3002 \u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u5b57\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3<\/strong>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u97f3\u8282\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u58f0\u8c03\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u5173\u4e8e\u8fbd\u89c2\u7684\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u642c\u8fd0\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5df2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a<\/a>\u3002\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<strong>\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/strong> <\/p>\n<cite>\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/653887754?utm_psn=1730141199812366337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/666846485?utm_psn=1730141316690960386\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u6b63\u6587\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u6982\u8ff0\u3001\u5386\u53f2\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/12257833007\/\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u516c\u53f8\u6cbb\u7406\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/12253199406\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/12817078554\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"See_also\">2. \u53c2\u89c1\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u6761\uff09| See also<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-small-font-size\">\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"32\" height=\"21\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/09\/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg\/48px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/09\/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg\/64px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/09\/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg\/32px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png\" alt=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD\">\u5927\u97e9\u6c11\u56fd\u4e3b\u9898<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Emblem-money.svg\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6\">\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e3b\u9898<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-small-font-size\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80\">\u8d22\u9600<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%AF%A1%E5%A4%B4\">\u5be1\u5934<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-small-font-size\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conglomerate_(company)\">Conglomerate<\/a>\u3010\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c6\u56e2\uff08\u6216\u8054\u5408\u5927\u4f01\u4e1a\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economy_of_South_Korea\">Economy of South Korea<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E\">\u97e9\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Family_business\">Family business<\/a>\u3010\u5bb6\u65cf\u4f01\u4e1a\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Four_big_families_of_Hong_Kong\">Four big families of Hong Kong<\/a>\u3010\u9999\u6e2f\u56db\u5927\u5bb6\u65cf\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5bb6\u65cf\u4f01\u4e1a\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Four_big_families_of_the_Republic_of_China\">Four big families of the Republic of China<\/a>\u3010\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u56db\u5927\u5bb6\u65cf\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Holding_company\">Holding company<\/a>\u3010\u63a7\u80a1\u516c\u53f8\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Horizontal_integration\">Horizontal integration<\/a>\u3010\u6a2a\u5411\u6574\u5408\uff08\u6216\u6c34\u5e73\u6574\u5408\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Keiretsu\">Keiretsu<\/a>\u3010\u65e5\u672c\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c6\u56e2\uff08\u7279\u6307\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u8d44\u672c\u4e3a\u7ebd\u5e26\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c6\u56e2\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_South_Korean_companies\">List of South Korean companies<\/a>\u3010\u97e9\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u5217\u8868\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Megacorporation\">Megacorporation<\/a>\u3010\u8d85\u5927\u578b\u516c\u53f8\uff08\u6216\u5de8\u5934\u516c\u53f8\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_champions\">National champions<\/a>\u3010\u56fd\u5bb6\u51a0\u519b\u4f01\u4e1a\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u652f\u67f1\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vertical_integration\">Vertical integration<\/a>\u3010\u7eb5\u5411\u6574\u5408\uff08\u6216\u5782\u76f4\u6574\u5408\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zaibatsu\">Zaibatsu<\/a>\u3010\u65e5\u672c\u8d22\u9600\uff08\u7279\u6307\u65e5\u672c\u660e\u6cbb\u7ef4\u65b0\u540e\u81f3\u4e8c\u6218\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5927\u578b\u5bb6\u65cf\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c6\u56e2\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"References\">3.1 \u5f15\u7528\u5217\u8868\uff08\u4e0e\u6587\u4e2d\u6807\u53f7\u5bf9\u5e94\uff09| References<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-small-font-size\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-ODE_1-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160927030852\/https:\/\/en.oxforddictionaries.com\/definition\/chaebol\">&#8220;chaebol&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oxford_Dictionaries_(website)\">Oxford Dictionaries<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oxford_University_Press\">Oxford University Press<\/a>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.oxforddictionaries.com\/definition\/chaebol\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 27 September 2016. Retrieved\u00a015 August\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-2\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.cambridge.org\/pronunciation\/english\/chaebol\">&#8220;CHAEBOL&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cambridge_Dictionary\">Cambridge Dictionary<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cambridge_University_Press\">Cambridge University Press<\/a>. Retrieved\u00a029 April\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/chaebol\">&#8220;Chaebol&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dictionary_by_Merriam-Webster\">Dictionary by Merriam-Webster<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Merriam-Webster\">Merriam-Webster<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180613133927\/https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/chaebol\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved\u00a030 August\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Jung, Dong-Hyeon (August 2004). &#8220;Korean Chaebol in Transition&#8221;.\u00a0<em>China Report<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>40<\/strong>\u00a0(3): 299\u2013303.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177%2F000944550404000306\">10.1177\/000944550404000306<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:154720682\">154720682<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/6\/62\/PD-icon.svg\/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/6\/62\/PD-icon.svg\/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/6\/62\/PD-icon.svg\/12px-PD-icon.svg.png\" alt=\"Public Domain\">\u00a0This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_domain\">public domain<\/a>.\u00a0Savada, Andrea Matles, ed. (1992).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lccn.loc.gov\/91039109\"><em>South Korea: A Country Study<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(4th\u00a0ed.). Washington: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/0-8444-0736-4\"><bdi>0-8444-0736-4<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-6\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210905114217\/http:\/\/www2.law.columbia.edu\/course_00S_L9436_001\/2004\/hyndais-money.pdf\">&#8220;Hyundai&#8217;s $500 Million Payments to North Korea: A Bribe or Business Deal?&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Korea WebWeekly. 9 February 2003. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www2.law.columbia.edu\/course_00S_L9436_001\/2004\/hyndais-money.pdf\">the original<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0on 5 September 2021. Retrieved\u00a07 August\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-7\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lee, Joyce (30 October 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-samsung-elec-results\/samsung-electronics-names-new-generation-leaders-as-profit-soars-idUSKBN1CZ2U8\">&#8220;Samsung Electronics names new-generation leaders as profit soars&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20171031095732\/http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-samsung-elec-results\/samsung-electronics-names-new-generation-leaders-as-profit-soars-idUSKBN1CZ2U8\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved\u00a031 October\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-MoCT2000_8-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070916025652\/http:\/\/www.korea.net\/korea\/kor_loca.asp?code=A020303\">&#8220;Romanization of Korean&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korea.net\">Korea.net<\/a><\/em>. Ministry of Culture &amp; Tourism. July 2000. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.korea.net\/korea\/kor_loca.asp?code=A020303\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on 16 September 2007. Retrieved\u00a09 May\u00a02007.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-9\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.incheonilbo.com\/news\/articleView.html?idxno=1043246\">&#8220;Where have you been, Chinese Characters? 72. Chaebol&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Incheon_Ilbo&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Incheon Ilbo<\/a>\u00a0[<a href=\"https:\/\/ko.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EC%9D%B8%EC%B2%9C%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B4\">ko<\/a>]. 10 June 2020. Retrieved\u00a017 January\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-10\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Kohli, Atul (1994). &#8220;Where do high growth Political economies come from? The Japanese lineage of Korea&#8217;s &#8220;Developmental State&#8221;&#8221;.\u00a0<em>World Development<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>22<\/strong>\u00a0(9): 1269\u20131293.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2F0305-750X%2894%2990004-3\">10.1016\/0305-750X(94)90004-3<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-11\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Newsweek Staff (29 October 2006).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/daewoo-surviving-bust-111249\">&#8220;Daewoo: Surviving a Bust-Up&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Newsweek<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220130222933\/https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/daewoo-surviving-bust-111249\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved\u00a020 January\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-12\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2020\/10\/26\/south-koreas-lee-kun-hee-who-made-samsung-a-global-powerhouse-dies-at-78.html\">&#8220;South Korea&#8217;s Lee Kun-hee, who made Samsung a global powerhouse, dies at 78&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CNBC\">CNBC<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reuters\">Reuters<\/a>. 26 October 2020. Retrieved\u00a015 June\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-13\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Kim, Dong-Woon (April 2003). &#8220;Interlocking Ownership in the Korean Chaebol&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Corporate Governance: An International Review<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>11<\/strong>\u00a0(2): 132\u2013142.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2F1467-8683.00014\">10.1111\/1467-8683.00014<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-14\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Moskalev, Sviatoslav; Park, Seung Chan (March 2010). &#8220;South Korean Chaebols and Value-Based Management&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Journal of Business Ethics<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>92<\/strong>: 49\u201362.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs10551-009-0138-5\">10.1007\/s10551-009-0138-5<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:154121368\">154121368<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Tudor, Daniel (2012).\u00a0<em>Korea: The Impossible Country<\/em>. UK: Tuttle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-16\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-asiana-culture-idUSBREA1906U20140210\">&#8220;Asiana Airlines seeks cockpit culture changer after U.S. crash&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>. 10 February 2017.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201230163951\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-asiana-culture-idUSBREA1906U20140210\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved\u00a01 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-17\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Beck, Peter M. (November 1998). &#8220;Revitalizing Korea&#8217;s Chaebol&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Asian Survey<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>38<\/strong>\u00a0(11): 1018\u20131035.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307%2F2645683\">10.2307\/2645683<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/JSTOR_(identifier)\">JSTOR<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2645683\">2645683<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-18\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Park, Seung-Rok; Yuhn, Ky-hyang (2012). &#8220;Has the Korean Model of Chaebol Succeeded?&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Journal of Economic Studies<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>39<\/strong>\u00a0(2): 260\u2013274.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108%2F01443581211222680\">10.1108\/01443581211222680<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-19\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Park, Seung-Rok; Yuhn, Ky-hyang (April 2011). &#8220;Has the Korean chaebol model succeeded?&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Journal of Economic Studies<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>39<\/strong>\u00a0(2): 260\u2013274.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108%2F01443581211222680\">10.1108\/01443581211222680<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-20\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fieldsupport.dliflc.edu\/products\/south_korea\/sk_co\/website\/default.html?type=chapter%25index=1&amp;moduleID=0&amp;taskID=0.\">&#8220;South Korean Cultural Orientation&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>fieldsupport.dliflc.edu<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210805043254\/https:\/\/fieldsupport.dliflc.edu\/products\/south_korea\/sk_co\/website\/default.html?type=chapter%25index=1&amp;moduleID=0&amp;taskID=0.\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved\u00a05 August\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Lee, Youkyoung; Cho, Myeonghyeon (July 2016).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iref.2016.04.007\">&#8220;Does control-ownership disparity matter to foreign investors in Korea?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>International Review of Economics &amp; Finance<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>44<\/strong>: 219\u2013231.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.iref.2016.04.007\">10.1016\/j.iref.2016.04.007<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1059-0560\">1059-0560<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220928132932\/https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S105905601630020X?via%3Dihub\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved\u00a05 August\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-22\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Joe, Denis Yongmin; Oh, Frederick Dongchuhl (December 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jjie.2017.10.002\">&#8220;Foreign investor behavior in Korea after the 1997 Asian financial crisis&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Journal of the Japanese and International Economies<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>46<\/strong>: 69\u201378.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jjie.2017.10.002\">10.1016\/j.jjie.2017.10.002<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0889-1583\">0889-1583<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220928132929\/https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0889158317300552?via%3Dihub\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved\u00a05 August\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-23\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Akaba, Yuji; Budde, Florian; Jungkiu Choi (1 December 1998).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/web.ebscohost.com\/ehost\/pdfviewer\/pdfviewer?vid=2&amp;sid=5f415648-0f8c-4e09-b4e1-b55ac6bf1fcc%40sessionmgr13&amp;hid=14\">&#8220;Restructuring South Korea&#8217;s Chaebol&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>McKinsey Quarterly<\/em>\u00a0(4): 68\u201379. Retrieved\u00a013 February\u00a02013.<sup>[<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Link_rot\">permanent dead link<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-24\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Premack, Rachel (21 August 2017). &#8220;South-koreas-conglomerates&#8221;.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.harvard.edu\/files\/frankel\/files\/skorea-conglomerates2017sage.pdf\"><em>South Korea&#8217;s Conglomerates<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(PDF). SAGE Publishing.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177%2F237455680324.n1\">10.1177\/237455680324.n1<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-25\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Aghion, Philippe; Guriev, Sergei; Jo, Kangchul (9 January 2022).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/economicpolicy\/article\/36\/108\/593\/6350484\">&#8220;Chaebols and firm dynamics in Korea&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Economic Policy<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>36<\/strong>\u00a0(108): 593\u2013626.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fepolic%2Feiab016\">10.1093\/epolic\/eiab016<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0266-4658\">0266-4658<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-26\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Fukagawa, Yukiko (1997). &#8220;East Asian Development Experience: Economic System Approach And Its Applicability&#8221;.\u00a0<em>East Asian Development Experience: Economic System Approach and Its Applicability = East Asian Development Experience: Economic System Approach and Its Applicability<\/em>. Institute of Developing Economies: 79\u2013103.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20561%2F00025460\">10.20561\/00025460<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-27\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Ernst &amp; Young.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ey.com\/Publication\/vwLUAssets\/EY-G20-country-report-2013-South-Korea\/$FILE\/EY-G20-country-report-2013-South-Korea.pdf\">&#8220;EY G20 Country Report 2013 South Korea&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Ernst &amp; Young.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161201211231\/http:\/\/www.ey.com\/Publication\/vwLUAssets\/EY-G20-country-report-2013-South-Korea\/$FILE\/EY-G20-country-report-2013-South-Korea.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on 1 December 2016. Retrieved\u00a01 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-ChaebolsKoreatownManhattan_28-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Sam Kim, photography by Gary He (31 July 2018).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ny.eater.com\/2018\/7\/31\/17633796\/k-town-nyc-restaurants-chains-report\">&#8220;NYC&#8217;s K-Town Isn&#8217;t What It Used to Be&#8221;<\/a>. Vox Media.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201230164023\/https:\/\/ny.eater.com\/2018\/7\/31\/17633796\/k-town-nyc-restaurants-chains-report\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved\u00a021 November\u00a02018.\u00a0<q>Most mom-and-pops are gone, and 32nd Street is now dominated by chains due to high rents and policies in Korea itself.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-29\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Albert, Eleanor (4 May 2018).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/backgrounder\/south-koreas-chaebol-challenge\">&#8220;South Korea&#8217;s Chaebol Challenge&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Council on Foreign Relations<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a015 June\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-30\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/lcd-makers-fined-388-million-for-alleged-price-fixing\/\">&#8220;LCD makers fined $388 million for alleged price fixing&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>CNET<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161201210845\/https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/lcd-makers-fined-388-million-for-alleged-price-fixing\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 1 December 2016. Retrieved\u00a01 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-31\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/node\/15816702\">&#8220;Return of the overlord&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Economist<\/em>. 31 March 2010.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0013-0613\">0013-0613<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170424182407\/http:\/\/www.economist.com\/node\/15816702\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 24 April 2017. Retrieved\u00a01 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-32\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Sang-hun, Choe (19 October 2016).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/10\/20\/business\/international\/south-korea-lotte-chaebol-conglomerate-indicted.html\">&#8220;Family Behind Korean Conglomerate Lotte Is Indicted in Corruption Case&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Times\">The New York Times<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0362-4331\">0362-4331<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201230164031\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/10\/20\/business\/international\/south-korea-lotte-chaebol-conglomerate-indicted.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved\u00a01 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-33\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Fickling, David (7 July 2016).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/gadfly\/articles\/2016-07-07\/chaebol-behaving-badly-aren-t-korea-s-biggest-worry\">&#8220;Don&#8217;t Fret Over the Chaebol&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Bloomberg Gadfly<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a01 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-34\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/news\/special-report\/21648178-dark-side-family-capitalism-those-have\">&#8220;To those that have&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Economist<\/em>. 18 April 2015.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0013-0613\">0013-0613<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201230163956\/https:\/\/www.economist.com\/special-report\/2015\/04\/16\/to-those-that-have\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved\u00a01 December\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-:1_35-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-:1_35-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-:1_35-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-:1_35-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-:1_35-4\"><sup><em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Lee, Phil-Sang (2000). &#8220;Economic Crisis and Chaebol Reform in Korea&#8221;.\u00a0<em>APEC Study Center<\/em>. Discussion Paper Series,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Columbia_Business_School\">Columbia Business School<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-Is_real_reform_possible_at_South_Korea's_chaebols?_36-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Vaswani, Karishma (24 April 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/business-39690629\">&#8220;Is real reform possible at South Korea&#8217;s chaebols?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>BBC News<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.today\/20201230163135\/https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/business-39690629\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved\u00a030 December\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-37\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/backgrounder\/south-koreas-chaebol-challenge\">&#8220;South Korea&#8217;s Chaebol Challenge&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Council on Foreign Relations<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220901061231\/https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/backgrounder\/south-koreas-chaebol-challenge\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 1 September 2022. Retrieved\u00a024 August\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0Chekan, Kate.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140210233654\/http:\/\/uskoreainstitute.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/Chekan_YB2010.pdf\">&#8220;Korea and the Great Recession: The Effects of Chaebol Reform on South Korea&#8217;s Recovery from the 2008 Financial Crisis&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Johns Hopkins University. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/uskoreainstitute.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/05\/Chekan_YB2010.pdf\">the original<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0on 10 February 2014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-39\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0S. Lew (17 December 2013).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=vIkBAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA106\"><em>The Korean Economic Developmental Path: Confucian Tradition, Affective Network<\/em><\/a>. Springer. pp.\u00a0106\u2013.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-1-137-34729-9\"><bdi>978-1-137-34729-9<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201230164012\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=vIkBAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA106\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved\u00a018 October\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chaebol#cite_ref-40\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=q6oS0PF88S0\"><em>Korea&#8217;s chaebol on social media: Pure communication or marketing tool?<\/em><\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ghostarchive.org\/varchive\/youtube\/20211108\/q6oS0PF88S0\">archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on 8 November 2021, retrieved\u00a05 August\u00a02021<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"General_and_cited_references\">3.2 \u4e00\u822c\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u548c\u6765\u6e90\u6587\u732e | General and cited references<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-small-font-size\">\n<li>Beck, Peter M. &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20000829094854\/http:\/\/www.keia.com\/chaebol2000.pdf\">Are Korea&#8217;s Chaebol Serious About Restructuring?<\/a>&#8221; Presentation at the Korea 2000 conference, 30 May 2000. Korea Economic Institute of America<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/displaystory.cfm?story_id=1697767\">Unfinished Business<\/a>,&#8221;\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Economist\">The Economist<\/a><\/em>, 17 April 2003<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.economist.com\/displaystory.cfm?story_id=109064\">Web site: South Korean conglomerates<\/a>,&#8221;\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Economist\">The Economist<\/a><\/em>, 11 December 1997<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Whitmore, Stuart and Nakarmi, Laxmi. &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.asiaweek.com\/asiaweek\/97\/1010\/aa5.html\">Guide to the Groups: The pecking order of the top 20 chaebols<\/a>,&#8221;\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asiaweek\">Asiaweek<\/a><\/em>, 10 October 1997.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080516141140\/http:\/\/news.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2008-04\/22\/content_8029589.htm\">S.Korea&#8217;s Samsung president resigns over corruption scandal<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\">4. \u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-small-font-size\">\n<li>^\u00a0\u5218\u6d2a\u949f. \u300a\u97e9\u56fd\u8d76\u8d85\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u7684\u8d22\u9600\u5236\u5ea6\u7814\u7a76\u300b. \u5317\u4eac: \u5149\u660e\u65e5\u62a5\u51fa\u7248\u793e. 2009-10.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90\/978-7-5112-0436-3\">ISBN\u00a0978-7-5112-0436-3<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80#cite_ref-2\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chinareviewnews.com\/doc\/1017\/5\/2\/2\/101752205.html?coluid=7&amp;kindid=0&amp;docid=101752205\">\u4e09\u661f\u53bb\u5e74\u9500\u552e\u989d\u5360\u97e9\u56fdGDP22%<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200725143212\/http:\/\/www.chinareviewnews.com\/doc\/1017\/5\/2\/2\/101752205.html?coluid=7&amp;kindid=0&amp;docid=101752205\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f51\u8bc4\u65b0\u95fb\u7f51<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0\u5f20\u5149\u519b. \u300a\u97e9\u56fd\u8d22\u56e2\u7814\u7a76\u300b. \u5e7f\u5dde: \u5e7f\u4e1c\u4e16\u754c\u56fe\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8. 2010-11.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90\/978-7-5100-2850-2\">ISBN\u00a0978-7-5100-2850-2<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80#cite_ref-%E5%AD%99%E5%86%80_4-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u5b59\u5180. \u300a\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u671d\u9c9c\u653f\u7b56\u300b. \u5317\u4eac: \u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e. 2011.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90\/978-7-5161-0111-7\">ISBN\u00a0978-7-5161-0111-7<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0\u987e\u6587\u5dde \u7f16\u8457. \u300a\u6c7d\u8f66\u738b\u56fd\u91cc\u7684\u611a\u516c\u90d1\u5468\u6c38\u300b. \u5317\u4eac: \u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e. 2014-12.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90\/9787508749600\">ISBN\u00a09787508749600<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0\u7533\u4e1c\u9547. \u300a\u97e9\u56fd\u5916\u5411\u578b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7814\u7a76\u300b. \u4e0a\u6d77: \u4e0a\u6d77\u4e16\u754c\u56fe\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8. 2013-06.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90\/9787510061868\">ISBN\u00a09787510061868<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80#cite_ref-%E9%87%91%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%89_7-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u91d1\u660e\u7389. \u300a\u97e9\u56fd\u5bf9\u5916\u76f4\u63a5\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8f68\u8ff9\u53ca\u5176\u7ee9\u6548\u7814\u7a76\u300b. \u5317\u4eac: \u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e. 2015-06.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90\/9787516162446\">ISBN\u00a09787516162446<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0\u8881\u745b. \u97e9\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5341\u5e74\u98ce\u96e8. \u300a\u5546\u52a1\u5468\u520a\u300b. 2007, (\u7b2c13\u671f).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80#cite_ref-%E6%89%A7%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A_9-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u5f20\u5149\u519b \u4e3b\u7f16 (\u7f16). \u300a\u97e9\u56fd\u6267\u653f\u515a\u7814\u7a76\u300b. \u5e7f\u5dde: \u5e7f\u4e1c\u4e16\u754c\u56fe\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8. 2010-11.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90\/978-7-5100-2914-1\">ISBN\u00a0978-7-5100-2914-1<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80#cite_ref-%E8%8C%83%E6%B0%B8%E7%BA%A2_10-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u8303\u6c38\u7ea2 \u7f16\u8457. \u300a\u5e73\u6c11\u603b\u7edf\u5362\u6b66\u94c9\u300b. \u5317\u4eac: \u4e1c\u65b9\u51fa\u7248\u793e. 2007-10.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90\/978-7-5060-2932-2\">ISBN\u00a0978-7-5060-2932-2<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%B4%A2%E9%98%80#cite_ref-cf_11-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/china.huanqiu.com\/News\/mofcom\/2013-10\/4458980.html\">\u97e9\u5341\u5927\u8d22\u56e2\u5360\u97e9\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6bd4\u91cd\u9ad8\u8fbe85%<\/a>. \u73af\u7403\u7f51. 2013-10-17\u00a0[2017-01-25]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160304090227\/http:\/\/china.huanqiu.com\/News\/mofcom\/2013-10\/4458980.html\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2016-03-04\uff09.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5\">5. \u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-small-font-size\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/news.ifeng.com\/history\/special\/fazhanmoshi\/200909\/0909_7964_1342193.shtml\">\u8d22\u56e2\uff1a\u97e9\u56fd\u521b\u9020\u7ecf\u6d4e\u817e\u98de\u5947\u8ff9\u7684\u5e55\u540e\u63a8\u624b<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200725143224\/http:\/\/news.ifeng.com\/history\/special\/fazhanmoshi\/200909\/0909_7964_1342193.shtml\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/finance.jrj.com.cn\/2012\/03\/14081212482086.shtml\">\u8d22\u9600\u6539\u9769\u5728\u97e9\u56fd<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190608092046\/http:\/\/finance.jrj.com.cn\/2012\/03\/14081212482086.shtml\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u70b9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[110,112],"tags":[155,101],"class_list":["post-4888","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-northeast-asia-except-china","category-conglomerate","tag-155","tag-101"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4888","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4888"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4888\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4888"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4888"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4888"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}