{"id":5138,"date":"2025-01-15T11:41:01","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T03:41:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=5138"},"modified":"2025-01-30T20:43:29","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T12:43:29","slug":"dali-bai-autonomous-prefecture-fulltext-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2025\/01\/15\/dali-bai-autonomous-prefecture-fulltext-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde \/ Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture -\uff08\u5168\u6587\uff09\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u3010\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u6d88\u6b67\u4e49\u63d0\u793a\u3011\u6b64\u6761\u76ee\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e91\u5357\u7701\u4e0b\u8f96\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8be5\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u4e0b\u8f96\u7684\u53bf\u7ea7\u5e02\uff0c\u8bf7\u89c1\u201c\u5927\u7406\u5e02<\/a><\/strong>\u201d\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5927\u7406<\/strong>\u201d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bf7\u89c1\u201c\u5927\u7406<\/a><\/strong>\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0. \u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\n
\u56fe0-1\u81f30-7\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

0.1 \u6587\u5b57\u8bf4\u660e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8fbd\u89c2\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u6807\u9898\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u642c\u8fd0\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde<\/strong>\uff08\u767d\u6587<\/a>\uff1aDallit Baifcuf zilzilzou\uff09\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u5927\u7406\u5dde<\/strong>\uff08\u767d\u6587\uff1aDallit zou\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd<\/a>\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a>\u4e0b\u8f96\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde<\/a>\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e91\u5357\u7701\u4e2d\u90e8\u504f\u897f\u3002\u5dde\u5883\u4e1c\u90bb\u695a\u96c4\u5dde<\/a>\uff0c\u5357\u63a5\u666e\u6d31\u5e02<\/a>\u3001\u4e34\u6ca7\u5e02<\/a>\uff0c\u897f\u4e34\u4fdd\u5c71\u5e02<\/a>\u3001\u6012\u6c5f\u5dde<\/a>\uff0c\u5317\u754c\u4e3d\u6c5f\u5e02<\/a>\u3002\u5730\u5904\u6a2a\u65ad\u5c71\u8109<\/a>\u4e0e\u4e91\u8d35\u9ad8\u539f<\/a>\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u5e26\uff0c\u4e91\u5cad<\/a>\u5357\u9e93\uff0c\u5730\u52bf\u897f\u5317\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e1c\u5357\u4f4e\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6d77\u62d42,090\u7c73\u3002\u897f\u90e8\u6709\u6f9c\u6ca7\u6c5f<\/a>\uff0c\u4e1c\u5317\u6709\u91d1\u6c99\u6c5f<\/a>\uff0c\u6d31\u6d77<\/a>\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5dde\u5883\u4e2d\u90e8\u3002\u5168\u5dde\u9762\u79ef28,302\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a333.76\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u6c49\u65cf<\/a>\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7ea650%\uff0c\u767d\u65cf<\/a>\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7ea632%\uff0c\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u9996\u5e9c\u9a7b\u5927\u7406\u5e02<\/a>\u3002\u5927\u7406\u662f\u9996\u6279\u56fd\u5bb6\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u540d\u57ce<\/a>\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u82cd\u5c71<\/a>\u3001\u6d31\u6d77<\/a>\u3001\u5927\u7406\u53e4\u57ce<\/a>\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u8457\u540d\u98ce\u666f\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Between longitudes<\/a> 98\u00b052\u2032 to 101\u00b003\u2032 east and latitudes<\/a> 24\u00b041\u2032 to 26\u00b042\u2032 north, it has a subtropical<\/a> plateau monsoon climate<\/a> with distinct dry and wet seasons. Most areas do not experience extreme heat in summer or severe cold in winter, covering a total area of 29,459 square kilometers. By the end of 2023, the permanent population of the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture was 3.342 million people. As of March 2023,[3]<\/a><\/sup> the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture governed one county-level city and 11 counties<\/a>, with 110 townships<\/a>,[4]<\/a><\/sup> and the People’s Government of the Autonomous Prefecture is based in Xiaguan<\/a>, Dali City.
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The Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture has a long history. As far back as the Neolithic<\/a> Age, the ancestors of ethnic minorities such as the Bai people<\/a> and Yi people<\/a> and thrived here. During the Tang<\/a> and Song<\/a> dynasties, local governments such as the “Kingdom of Nanzhao<\/a>” and the “Kingdom of Dali<\/a>” emerged.[5]<\/a><\/sup> In 1956, the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture was established. The capital, Dali City, is the intersection of the Yunnan-Burma Road<\/a> and the Yunnan-Tibet Road<\/a>, historically an important transit point for the “Shu-Sindu Road”[6]<\/a><\/sup> and the “Tea Horse Road<\/a>,” and now is planned by Yunnan Province as the central city of Western Yunnan, a regional transportation hub<\/a>, and the logistics center<\/a> of Western Yunnan.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u65b0\u77f3\u5668\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u767d\u65cf\u3001\u5f5d\u65cf\u7b49\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u7956\u5148\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7e41\u884d\u751f\u606f\u3002\u5510\u5b8b\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u5357\u8bcf\u56fd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5927\u7406\u56fd\u201d\u7b49\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u6743\u3002[5]1956\u5e74\uff0c\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u9996\u5e9c\u5927\u7406\u5e02\u662f\u6ec7\u7f05\u516c\u8def\u548c\u6ec7\u85cf\u516c\u8def\u7684\u4ea4\u6c47\u70b9\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u8700\u8eab\u6bd2\u9053\u201d[6]\u548c\u201c\u8336\u9a6c\u53e4\u9053\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ea4\u901a\u67a2\u7ebd\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u88ab\u4e91\u5357\u7701\u89c4\u5212\u4e3a\u6ec7\u897f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u533a\u57df\u4ea4\u901a\u67a2\u7ebd\u548c\u6ec7\u897f\u7269\u6d41\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture boasts more than 130 scenic spots and historical sites, including the Buddhist<\/a> holy land of Mount Jizu<\/a>, the famous Taoist<\/a> mountain of Weibaoshan<\/a>, the magnificent stone carvings of Shibaoshan<\/a>, and the plateau pearl of Erhai Lake<\/a>. The Cangshan<\/a> and Erhai are national-level scenic spots, and “Cangshan Nature and the Cultural Relics of Nanzhao<\/a>” are dual national natural and cultural heritages.
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In 2022, the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture achieved a regional gross domestic product (GDP) of 169.96 billion yuan, growing by 2.4% compared to the previous year.[7]<\/a><\/sup>
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u30112022\u5e74\uff0c\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u5b9e\u73b0\u5730\u533a\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\uff08GDP\uff091699.6\u4ebf\u5143\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5e74\u589e\u957f2.4%\u3002[7]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0.2 \u6982\u51b5\u8868\u683c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde
\u767d\u6587<\/a>\uff1aDallit Baifcuf zilzilzou
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\u7ef0\u53f7\uff1a\u767d\u5dde<\/td><\/tr>
\u5750\u6807\uff1a\"\"25\u00b036\u203235\u2033N 100\u00b015\u203259\u2033E<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u56fd\u5bb6<\/a><\/th>\"\" \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u7701<\/a><\/th>\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/td><\/tr>
\u8bbe\u7acb<\/th>1956\u5e7411\u670816\u65e5<\/td><\/tr>
\u653f\u5e9c\u9a7b\u5730<\/th>\u5927\u7406\u5e02<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u4e0b\u7ea7\u884c\u653f\u533a<\/a><\/th>1\u53bf\u7ea7\u5e02<\/a>\u30018\u53bf<\/a>\u30013\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u653f\u5e9c<\/th><\/tr>
 \u2022 \u5dde\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0<\/th>\u6768\u56fd\u5b97<\/a>\uff08\u767d\u65cf\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
 \u2022 \u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb<\/th>\u5f20\u5251\u840d<\/a>\uff08\u5973\uff0c\u767d\u65cf\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
 \u2022 \u5dde\u957f<\/th>\u9648\u771f\u6c38<\/a>\uff08\u767d\u65cf\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
 \u2022 \u653f\u534f\u4e3b\u5e2d<\/th>\u6731\u5efa\u658c<\/a>\uff08\u767d\u65cf\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u9762\u79ef<\/th><\/tr>
 \u2022 \u603b\u8ba1<\/th>28,302 \u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0810,927 \u5e73\u65b9\u82f1\u91cc\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u9762\u79ef\u6392\u540d<\/th>\u5168\u7701\u7b2c6\u4f4d<\/a>\uff08\u5360\u5168\u4e91\u5357\u77017.39%\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u6700\u9ad8\u6d77\u62d4<\/th>4,295 \u7c73\uff0814,091 \u82f1\u5c3a\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u4eba\u53e3\uff082020\uff09<\/th><\/tr>
 \u2022 \u5e38\u4f4f<\/th>333.76\u4e07\u4eba<\/td><\/tr>
 \u2022 \u6392\u540d<\/th>\u5168\u7701\u7b2c6\u4f4d<\/a>\uff08\u5360\u5168\u4e91\u5357\u77017.07%\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
 \u2022 \u5bc6\u5ea6<\/a><\/th>118.0\u4eba\/\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff08306\u4eba\/\u5e73\u65b9\u82f1\u91cc\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
 \u2022 \u57ce\u9547<\/a>\uff082020\uff09<\/th>143.11\u4e07\u4eba<\/td><\/tr>
\u65f6\u533a<\/a><\/th>\u5317\u4eac\u65f6\u95f4<\/a>\uff08UTC+8<\/a>\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u90ae\u653f\u7f16\u7801<\/a><\/th>671000<\/td><\/tr>
\u7535\u8bdd\u533a\u53f7<\/a><\/th>872<\/td><\/tr>
\u8f66\u8f86\u53f7\u724c<\/a><\/th>\u4e91L<\/td><\/tr>
\u6c14\u5019<\/a><\/th>\u4e2d\u4e9a\u70ed\u5e26\u6e7f\u6da6\u6c14\u5019<\/td><\/tr>
\u2022 \u5e74\u5747\u6e29<\/a><\/th>15 \u2103<\/td><\/tr>
\u2022 \u5e74\u964d\u6c34<\/a><\/th>848.4\u6beb\u7c73<\/td><\/tr>
\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u4ee3\u7801<\/a><\/th>532900<\/td><\/tr>
\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c<\/a>\uff082020\uff09<\/th>\u00a5<\/a>1,484.04\u4ebf\uff08\u5168\u7701\u7b2c5\u4f4d<\/a>\uff0c\u5360\u5168\u4e91\u5357\u77016.06%\uff09
215.16\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143<\/a>\uff08\u6c47\u7387<\/a>\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u2022 \u4eba\u5747<\/a><\/th>\u00a544,346\uff08\u5168\u7701\u7b2c8\u4f4d<\/a>\uff09
6,429\u7f8e\u5143<\/a>\uff08\u6c47\u7387\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u7f51\u7ad9<\/th>\u5927\u7406\u5dde\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u95e8\u6237\u7f51\u7ad9<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
\u672c\u8868\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6570\u636e\u53c2\u8003\u300a\u4e91\u5357\u7edf\u8ba1\u5e74\u9274 2021\u300b\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u636e\u53c2\u8003\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u53e3\u666e\u67e5\u5206\u53bf\u8d44\u6599 2020\u300b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5386\u53f2 | Historical evolution<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In the twenty-sixth year of the reign of Emperor Qin Shi Huang<\/a> (221 BC), the Dali region was incorporated into the unified feudal state of the Qin dynasty<\/a>.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d221\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u7406\u5730\u533a\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u79e6\u671d\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5c01\u5efa\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the second year of the Yuanfeng (\u5143\u5c01) era of the Han dynasty<\/a> (109 BC), the Western Han<\/a> dynasty dispatched tens of thousands of soldiers from Ba and Shu to attack the Laojin (\u52b3\u6d78) and Mimu (\u9761\u83ab) tribes, “advancing with troops to Dian,” (\u4ee5\u5175\u4e34\u6ec7) where the “King of Dian” (\u6ec7\u738b\uff09submitted to the Han. The Western Han dynasty established the Yizhou<\/a> Prefecture in the area ruled by the “King of Dian.” In the same year, the Han dynasty sent Guo Chang (\u90ed\u660c) and Wei Guang (\u536b\u5e7f) to attack the “Kunming<\/a>” tribe in the Dali region that had obstructed the Han envoys. In the fourth year of the Yuanfeng era (107 BC) and the sixth year of the Yuanfeng era (105 BC), Guo Chang led troops twice more to attack the “Kunming” tribe, and “a few years later, they also annexed the land of Kunming.” Four counties, Ye Yu (\u53f6\u6986), Yunnan (\u4e91\u5357), Xielong (\u90aa\u9f99), and Bisu (\u6bd4\u82cf), were established in the Dali region, under the jurisdiction of Yizhou<\/a> Prefecture, and since then, the Dali region was officially incorporated into the territory of the Han dynasty.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u6c49\u6b66\u5e1d\u5143\u5c01\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d109\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u897f\u6c49\u671d\u5ef7\u6d3e\u9063\u6570\u4e07\u5df4\u8700\u58eb\u5175\u653b\u6253\u52b3\u6d78\u3001\u9761\u83ab\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u201c\u4ee5\u5175\u4e34\u6ec7\u201d\uff0c\u6ec7\u738b\u6295\u964d\u6c49\u671d\u3002\u897f\u6c49\u671d\u5ef7\u5728\u6ec7\u738b\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u5730\u533a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u76ca\u5dde\u90e1\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u6c49\u671d\u53c8\u6d3e\u90ed\u660c\u3001\u536b\u5e7f\u653b\u6253\u963b\u788d\u6c49\u4f7f\u901a\u884c\u7684\u5927\u7406\u5730\u533a\u7684\u201c\u6606\u660e\u201d\u90e8\u843d\u3002\u5143\u5c01\u56db\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d107\u5e74\uff09\u548c\u5143\u5c01\u516d\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d105\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u90ed\u660c\u4e24\u6b21\u9886\u5175\u653b\u6253\u201c\u6606\u660e\u201d\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u201c\u6570\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u590d\u5e76\u6606\u660e\u5730\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5927\u7406\u5730\u533a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u53f6\u6986\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u3001\u90aa\u9f99\u3001\u6bd4\u82cf\u56db\u53bf\uff0c\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u76ca\u5dde\u90e1\uff0c\u81ea\u6b64\u5927\u7406\u5730\u533a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7eb3\u5165\u6c49\u671d\u7248\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e1c\u6c49<\/a>\u6c38\u5e73<\/a>\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0869\u5e74\uff09\u54c0\u7262\u56fd<\/a>\u5185\u9644\uff0c\u9042\u5206\u76ca\u5dde\u90e1\u897f\u90e8\u7f6e\u6c38\u660c\u90e1<\/a>\uff0c\u521d\u6cbb\u5dc2\u5510\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u9f99\u53bf<\/a>\u5883\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u8fc1\u4e0d\u97e6\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4fdd\u5c71\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the\u00a0Eastern Han<\/a>\u00a0period, the Dali region was under the jurisdiction of Yongchang (\u6c38\u660c\u90e1) Prefecture, with the four counties of Ye Yu, Xilong, Yunnan, and Bisu established during the Western Han period remaining unchanged, and a new county, Bo Nan (now\u00a0Yongping County<\/a>), was added.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u4e1c\u6c49\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5927\u7406\u5730\u533a\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6c38\u660c\u90e1\u7ba1\u8f96\uff0c\u897f\u6c49\u65f6\u671f\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u53f6\u6986\u3001\u90aa\u9f99\uff08\u6b64\u5904\u5e94\u4e3a\u201c\u90aa\u9f99\u201d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u201c\u897f\u9f99\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u4ecd\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u90aa\u9f99\u201d\uff09\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u3001\u6bd4\u82cf\u56db\u53bf\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u5e76\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u535a\u5357\u53bf\uff08\u4eca\u6c38\u5e73\u53bf\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09\u56fd<\/a>\u8700\u6c49<\/a>\u5efa\u5174<\/a>\u4e09\u5e74\uff08225\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u4e1e\u76f8\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae<\/a>\u5e73\u5b9a\u5357\u4e2d\u8bf8\u90e1\uff0c\u5206\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\u3001\u8d8a\u5dc2\u90e1<\/a>\u3001\u6c38\u660c\u90e1<\/a>\u4e09\u90e1\u7f6e\u4e91\u5357\u90e1<\/a>\uff0c\u6cbb\u4e91\u5357\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u7965\u4e91\u53bf<\/a>\u4e91\u5357\u9a7f\u9547<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u4eca\u5927\u7406\u5dde\u4e1c\u90e8\u5c5e\u4e91\u5357\u90e1\uff0c\u897f\u90e8\u5c5e\u6c38\u660c\u90e1\uff0c\u96b6\u5eb2\u964d\u90fd\u7763<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the\u00a0Three Kingdoms period<\/a>, what is now\u00a0Yunnan<\/a>,\u00a0Guizhou<\/a>, and the southwestern part of\u00a0Sichuan<\/a>\u00a0were known as Nan Zhong and were part of the\u00a0Shu Kingdom<\/a>.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u4e09\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u73b0\u4eca\u7684\u4e91\u5357\u3001\u8d35\u5dde\u4ee5\u53ca\u56db\u5ddd\u897f\u5357\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5357\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u8700\u6c49\u653f\u6743\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u897f\u664b<\/a>\u6cf0\u59cb<\/a>\u4e03\u5e74\uff08271\u5e74\uff09\u6539\u5eb2\u964d\u90fd\u7763\u5730\u4e3a\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\u3002\u6c38\u5609<\/a>\u4e94\u5e74\uff08313\u5e74\uff09\u6790\u6c38\u660c\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u4e8c\u90e1\u7f6e\u6cb3\u9633\u90e1<\/a>\uff0c\u6cbb\u6cb3\u9633\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u5927\u7406\u5e02<\/a>\u51e4\u4eea\u9547<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u54b8\u5eb7<\/a>\u516b\u5e74\uff08342\u5e74\uff09\u6790\u7f6e\u897f\u6cb3\u9633\u90e1<\/a>\uff0c\u6cb3\u9633\u90e1\u6539\u4e3a\u4e1c\u6cb3\u9633\u90e1<\/a>\u3002\u5357\u671d\u9f50<\/a>\u4eca\u5dde\u5883\u5206\u5c5e\u4e1c\u6cb3\u9633\u3001\u897f\u6cb3\u9633\u3001\u897f\u6cb3\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u56db\u90e1\u3002\u968b\u4ee3<\/a>\u5c5e\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\u603b\u7ba1\u5e9c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the\u00a0Southern dynasties<\/a>, as the Central Plains were in a situation of feudal division, Yunnan was successively ruled by the\u00a0Song<\/a>,\u00a0Southern Qi<\/a>,\u00a0Liang<\/a>,\u00a0Northern Wei<\/a>,\u00a0Western Wei<\/a>, and\u00a0Northern Zhou<\/a>\u00a0dynasties.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5357\u671d\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u539f\u5730\u533a\u5904\u4e8e\u5c01\u5efa\u5272\u636e\u7684\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u4e91\u5357\u5730\u533a\u5148\u540e\u88ab\u5b8b\u3001\u5357\u9f50\u3001\u6881\u3001\u5317\u9b4f\u3001\u897f\u9b4f\u548c\u5317\u5468\u7b49\u671d\u4ee3\u6240\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the fifth year of the\u00a0Kai Huang<\/a>\u00a0era of the\u00a0Sui dynasty<\/a>\u00a0(585 AD), Emperor Wen of Sui,\u00a0Yang Jian<\/a>, dispatched Wei Chong as the governor of Nan Ning (\u5357\u5b81\u5dde) State, and established Gongzhou (\u606d\u5dde), Xiezhou (\u534f\u5dde), and Kunzhou (\u6606\u5dde) in Yunnan.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u968b\u5f00\u7687\u4e94\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143585\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u968b\u6587\u5e1d\u6768\u575a\u6d3e\u9063\u97e6\u51b2\u4e3a\u5357\u5b81\u5dde\u603b\u7ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e91\u5357\u5730\u533a\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u606d\u5dde\u3001\u534f\u5dde\u548c\u6606\u5dde\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5510\u671d<\/a>\u521d\u5e74\uff0c\u6d31\u6d77<\/a>\u5730\u533a\u6709\u516d\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u90e8\u843d\u5c45\u4f4f\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u516d\u8bcf<\/a>\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5\u8499\u820d\u8bcf<\/a>\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u5c45\u4e8e\u6700\u5357\u6545\u53c8\u79f0\u5357\u8bcf<\/a>\u3002\u5f00\u5143<\/a>\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u5e74\uff08738\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u8499\u820d\u8bcf\u9996\u9886\u76ae\u7f57\u9601<\/a>\u5728\u5510\u671d\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u5408\u516d\u8bcf\u4e3a\u4e00\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u4e86\u6d31\u6d77\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5357\u8bcf\u56fd\uff0c\u90fd\u57ce\u5efa\u5728\u592a\u548c\u57ce<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u5927\u7406\u5e02\u592a\u548c\u6751\uff09\u3002\u5510\u5927\u5386<\/a>\u5341\u56db\u5e74\uff08779\u5e74\uff09\u5357\u8bcf\u56fd\u8fc1\u90fd\u7f8a\u82f4\u54a9\u57ce<\/a>\u3002\u5357\u8bcf\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u6d31\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u5468\u8fb9\u8bbe\u7acb\u201c\ud86c\udfa8\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7751\u201d\uff0c\u5317\u90e8\u5c5e\u5251\u5ddd\u8282\u5ea6<\/a>\u8c0b\u7edf\u90e1<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u9e64\u5e86\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u897f\u90e8\u5c5e\u6c38\u660c\u8282\u5ea6<\/a>\u80dc\u4e61\u90e1<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u6c38\u5e73\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u5510\u662d\u5b97<\/a>\u5929\u590d<\/a>\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08902\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5357\u8bcf\u6743\u81e3\u90d1\u4e70\u55e3<\/a>\u53d1\u52a8\u5bab\u5ef7\u653f\u53d8\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5927\u957f\u548c\u56fd<\/a>\uff0c\u5357\u8bcf\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the fourth year of the Wu De era of the\u00a0Tang dynasty<\/a>\u00a0(621 AD), the Tang sent envoys to the Erhai region to appease the various tribes of the “Kunming” Man. In the seventh year of Wu De (624 AD), the chief commander of the prefecture, Wei Renshou, (\u97e6\u4ec1\u5bff) led five hundred soldiers to the Western Erhai River, “by imperial authority, established eight prefectures and seventeen counties, and appointed their leaders as chiefs and governors.” From the eighth year of\u00a0Tianbao<\/a>\u00a0(749 AD) to the thirteenth year of Tianbao (754 AD), the “An Lushan rebellion<\/a>” broke out between the Tang and Nanzhao dynasties. In the following 40 years, Nanzhao continued to expand outward, expanding its territory and establishing a multi-ethnic state that included eastern Guizhou, northern Vietnam, southern\u00a0Xishuangbanna<\/a>, northern Myanmar, northwestern Tibet’s Shenchuan\u795e\u5ddd (now\u00a0Lijiang<\/a>), and northeast to Xuzhou\u620c\u5dde (now\u00a0Yibin<\/a>) in Sichuan.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5510\u6b66\u5fb7\u56db\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143621\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5510\u671d\u6d3e\u9063\u4f7f\u8005\u524d\u5f80\u6d31\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u5b89\u629a\u201c\u6606\u660e\u201d\u86ee\u5404\u90e8\u843d\u3002\u6b66\u5fb7\u4e03\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143624\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u5dde\u603b\u6307\u6325\u97e6\u4ec1\u5bff\u7387\u9886\u4e94\u767e\u58eb\u5175\u524d\u5f80\u897f\u6d31\u6d77\u6cb3\uff0c\u201c\u5949\u65e8\u8bbe\u7acb\u516b\u5dde\u5341\u4e03\u53bf\uff0c\u5e76\u4efb\u547d\u5176\u9996\u9886\u4e3a\u914b\u957f\u548c\u5dde\u957f\u201d\u3002\u4ece\u5929\u5b9d\u516b\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143749\u5e74\uff09\u81f3\u5929\u5b9d\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u5143754\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5510\u671d\u4e0e\u5357\u8bcf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u201c\u5b89\u53f2\u4e4b\u4e71\u201d\uff08\u6b64\u5904\u5e94\u4e3a\u7b14\u8bef\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u4e3a\u201c\u5357\u8bcf\u4e4b\u4e71\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5929\u5b9d\u6218\u4e89\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u5b89\u53f2\u4e4b\u4e71\u201d\u662f\u5510\u671d\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u53db\u4e71\uff0c\u4e0e\u5357\u8bcf\u65e0\u5173\uff09\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u5357\u8bcf\u4e0d\u65ad\u5411\u5916\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u9886\u571f\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u7586\u57df\u5305\u62ec\u8d35\u5dde\u4e1c\u90e8\u3001\u8d8a\u5357\u5317\u90e8\u3001\u897f\u53cc\u7248\u7eb3\u5357\u90e8\u3001\u7f05\u7538\u5317\u90e8\u3001\u897f\u85cf\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u795e\u5ddd\uff08\u4eca\u4e3d\u6c5f\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u56db\u5ddd\u4e1c\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u620c\u5dde\uff08\u4eca\u5b9c\u5bbe\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u540e\u5510<\/a>\u5929\u6210<\/a>\u4e09\u5e74\uff08928\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u8d75\u5584\u653f<\/a>\u7be1\u4f4d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5927\u5929\u5174\u56fd<\/a>\uff0c\u6b21\u5e74\u6768\u5e72\u8d1e<\/a>\u5e9f\u8d75\u5584\u653f\u81ea\u7acb\uff0c\u5efa\u5927\u4e49\u5b81\u56fd<\/a>\u3002\u540e\u664b<\/a>\u5929\u798f\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08937\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u6d77\u8282\u5ea6\u6bb5\u601d\u5e73<\/a>\u8054\u5408\u6ec7\u4e1c\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u90e8\uff0c\u8fdb\u519b\u5927\u7406\uff0c\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u5927\u4e49\u5b81\u56fd\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5927\u7406\u56fd<\/a><\/strong>\u3002\u5927\u7406\u56fd\u540e\u671f\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u8282\u5ea6\u548c\u90fd\u7763\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u8f96\u533a\uff0c\u6539\u8bbe\u5e9c\u3001\u90e1\u3002\u9664\u5927\u7406\u9996\u5e9c\u5916\uff0c\u4eca\u5dde\u5883\u5c1a\u6709\u8c0b\u7edf\u5e9c<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u9e64\u5e86\u53bf\uff09\u3001\u4e49\u7763\u8d55\uff08\u4eca\u5251\u5ddd\u53bf\uff0c\u5c5e\u8c0b\u7edf\u5e9c\uff09\u3001\u80dc\u4e61\u90e1<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u6c38\u5e73\u53bf\uff0c\u96b6\u6c38\u660c\u5e9c<\/a>\uff09\u3001\u5357\u6da7\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u5357\u6da7\u5f5d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf<\/a>\uff0c\u5c5e\u5a01\u695a\u5e9c<\/a>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the first year of the Baoyou era of the\u00a0Southern Song dynasty<\/a>\u00a0(1253 AD),\u00a0Kublai Khan<\/a>\u00a0led the central road army, crossed the\u00a0Dadu River<\/a>, “traveled through the mountains and valleys for more than 2000 miles,” passing through present-day\u00a0Yanyuan<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Yongsheng<\/a>, and directly reached the\u00a0Jinsha River<\/a>, “crossing by leather bags and rafts,” arriving in the territory of Lijiang today. Kublai Khan led his troops to capture\u00a0Jianchuan<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Heqing<\/a>, and pressed on to Dali City from Shangguan. The city was broken, the Prime Minister of Dali, Gao Xiang (\u9ad8\u7965), was killed, and the King of Dali, Duan Xingzhi (\u6bb5\u5174\u667a), fled to the Dian Lake area. In the second year of Baoyou (1254 AD),\u00a0Uriangqada<\/a>\u00a0continued to march, successively pacifying the five cities, eight prefectures, four counties, and 37 departments of the Bai and Black Man of the Dali Kingdom, and captured the King of Dali, Duan Xingzhi, in Kunze (\u6606\u6cfd) (now\u00a0Yiliang<\/a>), and the Dali Kingdom fell.
\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\u3011\u5357\u5b8b\u5b9d\u7950\u5143\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u51431253\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5ffd\u5fc5\u70c8\u7387\u9886\u4e2d\u8def\u519b\uff0c\u6e21\u8fc7\u5927\u6e21\u6cb3\uff0c\u201c\u884c\u5c71\u7b90\u4e8c\u5343\u4f59\u91cc\u201d\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u76d0\u6e90\u3001\u6c38\u80dc\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u76f4\u62b5\u91d1\u6c99\u6c5f\uff0c\u201c\u4e58\u9769\u56ca\u53ca\u7b4f\u4ee5\u6e21\u201d\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e3d\u6c5f\u5883\u5185\u3002\u5ffd\u5fc5\u70c8\u7387\u519b\u653b\u5360\u4e86\u5251\u5ddd\u3001\u9e64\u5e86\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0a\u5173\u8fdb\u519b\u5927\u7406\u57ce\u3002\u57ce\u6c60\u88ab\u653b\u7834\uff0c\u5927\u7406\u56fd\u76f8\u9ad8\u7965\u88ab\u6740\uff0c\u5927\u7406\u56fd\u738b\u6bb5\u5174\u667a\u9003\u5f80\u6ec7\u6c60\u5730\u533a\u3002\u5b9d\u7950\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08\u516c\u51431254\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5140\u826f\u5408\u53f0\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u519b\uff0c\u76f8\u7ee7\u5e73\u5b9a\u4e86\u5927\u7406\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u7684\u767d\u65cf\u548c\u9ed1\u65cf\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u4e94\u57ce\u3001\u516b\u5e9c\u3001\u56db\u90e1\u3001\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u90e8\uff0c\u5728\u6606\u6cfd\uff08\u4eca\u5b9c\u826f\uff09\u64d2\u83b7\u5927\u7406\u56fd\u738b\u6bb5\u5174\u667a\uff0c\u5927\u7406\u56fd\u706d\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u7406\u5929\u5b9a<\/a>\u4e09\u5e74\uff081253\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5143\u4e16\u7956<\/a>\u5ffd\u5fc5\u70c8<\/a>\u7387\u5927\u519b\u706d\u5927\u7406\u56fd\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e91\u5357\u884c\u7701<\/a>\u3002\u5357\u8bcf\u3001\u5927\u7406\u56fd\u4e0e\u5510\u3001\u5b8b\u4e24\u671d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8fbe\u4e94\u767e\u4f59\u5e74\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e91\u5357\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7edf\u4e00\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u660e<\/a>\u6d2a\u6b66<\/a>\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\uff081382\u5e74\uff09\u6539\u5927\u7406\u8def\u4e3a\u5927\u7406\u5e9c<\/a><\/strong>\uff1b\u6539\u9e64\u5e86\u8def\u4e3a\u9e64\u5e86\u5e9c<\/a>\uff1b\u964d\u4e91\u5357\u5dde\u4e3a\u4e91\u5357\u53bf<\/a>\uff0c\u96b6\u5927\u7406\u5e9c\uff1b\u7f6e\u51e4\u7fbd\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u6cbb\u4eca\u6d31\u6e90\u53bf\u51e4\u7fbd\u9547<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5c5e\u9093\u5ddd\u5dde\uff0c\u540e\u7701\u5165\u6d6a\u7a79\u53bf\u3002\u6d2a\u6b66\u5341\u516d\u5e74\uff081383\u5e74\uff09\u8bbe\u8ff7\u6e21\u5e02\u5de1\u68c0\u53f8<\/a>\uff0c\u96b6\u8d75\u5dde\uff1b\u590d\u7f6e\u5b9a\u8fb9\u53bf\uff0c\u5c5e\u695a\u96c4\u5e9c<\/a>\u3002\u6d2a\u6b66\u5341\u4e03\u5e74\uff081384\u5e74\uff09\u4e91\u5357\u53bf\u6539\u5c5e\u8d75\u5dde\uff1b\u5347\u5251\u5ddd\u53bf\u4e3a\u5251\u5ddd\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u6cbb\u4eca\u5251\u5ddd\u53bf\u91d1\u534e\u9547<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5c5e\u9e64\u5e86\u5e9c<\/a>\u3002\u6b63\u7edf<\/a>\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\uff081448\u5e74\uff09\u590d\u7f6e\u8499\u5316\u5e9c\u3002\u5f18\u6cbb<\/a>\u516d\u5e74\uff081493\u5e74\uff09\u5272\u592a\u548c\u53bf\u6d77\u4e1c\u4e5d\u91cc\uff0c\u4e91\u5357\u53bf\u4e8c\u91cc\uff0c\u8d75\u5dde\u4e00\u91cc\u7f6e\u5bbe\u5ddd\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u9a7b\u4eca\u5bbe\u5ddd\u53bf<\/a>\u5dde\u57ce\u9547<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5c5e\u5927\u7406\u5e9c\u3002\u4e07\u5386<\/a>\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u5e74\uff081600\u5e74\uff09\u79fb\u9093\u5ddd\u5dde\u6cbb\u81f3\u4eca\u6d31\u6e90\u53bf\u9093\u5ddd\u9547\u65e7\u5dde\u3002\u5d07\u796f<\/a>\u4e8c\u5e74\uff081629\u5e74\uff09\u79fb\u4e91\u9f99\u5dde\u6cbb\u81f3\u96d2\u9a6c\u4e95\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u9f99\u53bf\u5b9d\u4e30\u4e61<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u5d07\u796f\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\uff081640\u5e74\uff09\u79fb\u9093\u5ddd\u5dde\u6cbb\u81f3\u4eca\u9093\u5ddd\u9547\u65b0\u5dde\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6e05<\/a>\u96cd\u6b63<\/a>\u4e03\u5e74\uff081729\u5e74\uff09\u64a4\u5b9a\u8fb9\u53bf\uff0c\u5e76\u5165\u8499\u5316\u5e9c\u3002\u96cd\u6b63\u516b\u5e74\uff081730\u5e74\uff09\u79fb\u5927\u7406\u7763\u6355\u901a\u5224\u9a7b\u5f25\u6e21\u57ce\u3002\u4e7e\u9686<\/a>\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\uff081770\u5e74\uff09\u6539\u8499\u5316\u5e9c\u4e3a\u8499\u5316\u76f4\u96b6\u5385<\/a>\uff0c\u6709\u5de1\u68c0\u53f8\uff0c\u9a7b\u5357\u6da7\uff0c\u5373\u6545\u5b9a\u8fb9\u57ce\uff1b\u5251\u5ddd\u5dde\u6539\u5c5e\u4e3d\u6c5f\u5e9c<\/a>\uff1b\u964d\u9e64\u5e86\u5e9c\u4e3a\u9e64\u5e86\u5dde<\/a>\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e3d\u6c5f\u5e9c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6c11\u56fd<\/a>\u5143\u5e74\uff081912\u5e74\uff09\u6790\u8499\u5316\u5385\u6f3e\u6fde\u6c5f\u5de1\u68c0\u53f8\u548c\u4e91\u9f99\u5dde\u3001\u6c38\u5e73\u53bf\u3001\u6d6a\u7a79\u53bf\u63d2\u82b1\u5730\u7f6e\u6f3e\u6fde\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u6cbb\u4eca\u82cd\u5c71\u897f\u9547<\/a>\u4e0b\u8857\uff09\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u4e8c\u5e74\uff081913\u5e74\uff09\u4ee5\u8d75\u5dde\u3001\u7965\u4e91\u3001\u5bbe\u5ddd\u3001\u8499\u5316\u56db\u53bf\u63d2\u82b1\u5730\u6790\u7f6e\u5f25\u6e21\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u6cbb\u4eca\u5f25\u57ce\u9547<\/a>\uff09\uff1b\u6d6a\u7a79\u53bf\u66f4\u540d\u6d31\u6e90\u53bf<\/a>\uff0c\u53d6\u201c\u6d31\u6d77\u4e4b\u6e90\u201d\u4e4b\u610f\uff1b\u540c\u5e74\u5e9f\u5e9c\u3001\u5dde\u3001\u5385\u5b58\u53bf\uff0c\u8ba1\u6709\u5927\u7406<\/a>\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u3001\u6d31\u6e90\u3001\u8d75\u53bf<\/a>\u3001\u9093\u5ddd<\/a>\u3001\u5bbe\u5ddd\u3001\u4e91\u9f99\u3001\u5f25\u6e21\u3001\u9e64\u5e86<\/a>\u3001\u5251\u5ddd\u3001\u6c38\u5e73\u3001\u8499\u5316<\/a>\u3001\u6f3e\u6fde\u7b49\u53bf\uff0c\u5404\u53bf\u5c5e\u6ec7\u897f\u9053<\/a>\uff08\u6b21\u5e74\u6539\u817e\u8d8a\u9053<\/a>\uff09\u30021914\u5e74\u6539\u8d75\u53bf\u4e3a\u51e4\u4eea\u53bf<\/a>\u30021915\u5e74\u6f3e\u6fde\u53bf\u6cbb\u8fc1\u4eca\u5740\u30021918\u5e74\uff0c\u4e91\u5357\u53bf\u56e0\u4e0e\u4e91\u5357\u7701\u91cd\u540d\uff0c\u6539\u79f0\u7965\u4e91\u53bf<\/a>\uff0c\u53d6\u65e7\u540d\u201c\u7965\u5dde\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e91\u5357\u201d\u5404\u4e00\u5b57\u5f97\u540d\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u5341\u516b\u5e74\uff081929\u5e74\uff09\u5e9f\u9053\u5236\uff0c\u5404\u53bf\u76f4\u5c5e\u4e91\u5357\u7701\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u4e09\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\uff081942\u5e74\uff09\u8499\u5316\u53bf\u6539\u5c5e\u4e91\u5357\u7701\u7b2c\u4e94\u884c\u653f\u7763\u5bdf\u533a\uff0c\u9e64\u5e86\u3001\u5251\u5ddd\u53bf\u6539\u5c5e\u7b2c\u4e03\u884c\u653f\u7763\u5bdf\u533a\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\uff081946\u5e74\uff09\u9e64\u5e86\u3001\u6d31\u6e90\u3001\u5bbe\u5ddd\u3001\u5251\u5ddd\u5c5e\u7b2c\u5341\u533a\uff0c\u5927\u7406\u3001\u6c38\u5e73\u3001\u51e4\u4eea\u3001\u9093\u5ddd\u3001\u4e91\u9f99\u3001\u5f25\u6e21\u3001\u8499\u5316\u3001\u6f3e\u6fde\u5c5e\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\u56fe1-1\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u60f3\u6cd5\uff09<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd<\/a>\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c1950\u5e74\u7f6e\u5927\u7406\u4e13\u533a<\/a>\uff0c\u4e13\u5458\u516c\u7f72\u9a7b\u4e0b\u5173\uff08\u4eca\u5927\u7406\u5e02\u4e0b\u5173\u8857\u9053<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u8f96\u5927\u7406\u3001\u51e4\u4eea\u3001\u6f3e\u6fde\u3001\u6c38\u5e73\u3001\u8499\u5316\u3001\u5f25\u6e21\u3001\u4e91\u9f99\u3001\u7965\u4e91\u3001\u5bbe\u5ddd\u3001\u987a\u5b81<\/a>\u3001\u7f05\u5b81<\/a>\u3001\u4e91\u53bf<\/a>\u3001\u6d31\u6e90\u3001\u9093\u5ddd14\u53bf\u30021951\u5e74\u6790\u5927\u7406\u53bf\u7389\u6d31\u4e61\u3001\u51e4\u4eea\u53bf\u73e0\u6d77\u4e61\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0b\u5173\u5e02\u30021952\u5e74\u7f05\u5b81\u53bf\u5212\u5f52\u7f05\u5b81\u4e13\u533a<\/a>\u30021954\u5e74\u8499\u5316\u53bf\u66f4\u540d\u5dcd\u5c71\u53bf<\/a>\uff0c\u987a\u5b81\u53bf\u66f4\u540d\u51e4\u5e86\u53bf<\/a>\u30021956\u5e7411\u670816\u65e5\u6279\u51c6\u8bbe\u7acb\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde<\/a>\uff0c11\u670822\u65e5\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u7acb\uff1b\u539f\u4e3d\u6c5f\u4e13\u533a<\/a>\u7684\u9e64\u5e86\u3001\u5251\u5ddd\u4e8c\u53bf\u5212\u5165\u5927\u7406\u5dde\uff1b\u51e4\u5e86\u3001\u4e91\u53bf\u5212\u5f52\u4e34\u6ca7\u4e13\u533a<\/a>\uff1b\u5c06\u5dcd\u5c71\u53bf\u5206\u4e3a\u5dcd\u5c71\u5f5d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf<\/a>\u548c\u6c38\u5efa\u56de\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u9a7b\u4eca\u5dcd\u5c71\u53bf\u6c38\u5efa\u9547<\/a>\uff09\u30021958\u5e74\u5bbe\u5ddd\u53bf\u8fc1\u9a7b\u91d1\u725b\u9547<\/a>\u30021960\u5e74\u64a4\u9500\u4e0b\u5173\u5e02\u53ca\u5927\u7406\u3001\u51e4\u4eea\u3001\u6f3e\u6fde\u4e09\u53bf\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u5927\u7406\u5e02<\/a>\uff1b\u6d31\u6e90\u3001\u9093\u5ddd\u4e8c\u53bf\u5e76\u5165\u5251\u5ddd\u53bf\uff1b\u5bbe\u5ddd\u3001\u5f25\u6e21\u4e8c\u53bf\u5e76\u5165\u7965\u4e91\u53bf\uff1b\u5dcd\u5c71\u3001\u6c38\u5efa\u4e8c\u53bf\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u5dcd\u5c71\u5f5d\u65cf\u56de\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf<\/a>\u30021962\u5e74\u64a4\u9500\u5927\u7406\u5e02\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u4e0b\u5173\u5e02\u3001\u5927\u7406\u53bf\u3001\u6f3e\u6fde\u53bf\uff1b\u6062\u590d\u6d31\u6e90\u3001\u5f25\u6e21\u3001\u5bbe\u5ddd\u4e09\u53bf\u30021963\u5e74\u6790\u5dcd\u5c71\u53bf\u8bbe\u7acb\u5357\u6da7\u5f5d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf<\/a>\u30021983\u5e74\u64a4\u9500\u5927\u7406\u53bf\u548c\u4e0b\u5173\u5e02\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u8bbe\u7acb\u5927\u7406\u5e02<\/a>\u30021985\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u6f3e\u6fde\u53bf\u6539\u7f6e\u6f3e\u6fde\u5f5d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u5730\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u5730\u5904\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a>\u4e2d\u90e8\u504f\u897f[1]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002\u4e1c\u4e0e\u695a\u96c4\u5f5d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde<\/a>\u63a5\u58e4\uff0c\u5357\u4e0e\u666e\u6d31\u5e02<\/a>\u3001\u4e34\u6ca7\u5e02<\/a>\u6bd7\u8fde\uff0c\u897f\u4e0e\u4fdd\u5c71\u5e02<\/a>\u3001\u6012\u6c5f\u5088\u50f3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde<\/a>\u63a5\u58e4\uff0c\u5317\u4e0e\u4e3d\u6c5f\u5e02<\/a>\u4e3a\u90bb[2]<\/a><\/sup>:27<\/sup>\u3002\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e1c\u7ecf98\u00b052\u2032\uff0d101\u00b003\u2032\uff0c\u5317\u7eac24\u00b041\u2032\uff0d26\u00b042\u2032[2]<\/a><\/sup>:27<\/sup>\u3002\u5dde\u5e9c\u5927\u7406\u5e02\u57ce\u533a\u8def\u8ddd\u6606\u660e\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3336\u5343\u7c73[3]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56fd\u571f\u4e8c\u8c03<\/a>\u5927\u7406\u767d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u4e3a28,299\u5e73\u65b9\u5343\u7c73[4]<\/a><\/sup>\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u7b80\u518c\u300b\u5f55\u5165\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u4e3a29,459\u5e73\u65b9\u5343\u7c73[5]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u653f\u6cbb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

3.1 \u73b0\u4efb\u9886\u5bfc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3.2 \u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u7406\u5dde\u4e0b\u8f961\u4e2a\u53bf\u7ea7\u5e02<\/a>\u30018\u4e2a\u53bf<\/a>\u30013\u4e2a\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n