{"id":5243,"date":"2025-02-03T14:57:35","date_gmt":"2025-02-03T06:57:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=5243"},"modified":"2025-02-20T23:25:59","modified_gmt":"2025-02-20T15:25:59","slug":"cuan4-zh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2025\/02\/03\/cuan4-zh\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7228\u6c0f\uff08\u5168\u6587\uff09- \u4e2d\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c\u7531\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-small-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><br>\u6587\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5185\u5d4c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u811a\u6ce8\u5355\u72ec\u6807\u6ce8\u5176\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u5b57\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3<\/strong>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u97f3\u8282\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u58f0\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u5173\u4e8e\u8fbd\u89c2\u7684\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u642c\u8fd0\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u53ca\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\u7cbe\u786e\u68c0\u7d22\u5df2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fbd\u89c2\u7f51\u7ad9<\/a>\u3002\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<strong>\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<cite>\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/653887754?utm_psn=1730141199812366337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/666846485?utm_psn=1730141316690960386\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_21115960107_1\">1. \u5386\u53f2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u653f\u6743\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5bb6\u65cf\u2014\u2014\u7228\u6c0f\u5bb6\u65cf\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25B8%25A4%25E6%25B1%2589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e24\u6c49<\/a>\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e2d\u539f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AE%2589%25E9%2582%2591%25E7%25B8%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b89\u9091\u53bf<\/a>\u6c49\u65cf<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A3%25AB%25E6%2597%258F_%28%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%259B%25BD%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u95e8\u9600<\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u540e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%25BF%2592\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u4e60<\/a>\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%259C%2580%25E6%25B1%2589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8700\u6c49<\/a>\u65f6\u5357\u8fc1\u5230<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357<\/a>\u7684\u9a7b\u5b88\u5c06\u519b\u3002\u6218\u56fd\u81f3\u4e24\u6c49\u65f6\u671f\u7228\u6c0f\u4ea6\u662f\u4e2d\u539f\u5c11\u6709\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%2593%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59d3\u6c0f<\/a>\uff0c\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u4e91\u5357\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u86ee\u5316\u3002\u5728339\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7228\u6c0f\u9a7b\u5b88\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25B8%259C%25E6%2599%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e1c\u664b<\/a>\u7684\u4e91\u5357\u548c\u8d35\u5dde\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2589%2582%25E6%259F%25AF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7242\u67ef<\/a>\u5730\u533a\u7684\u914b\u957f\u8c22\u6c0f\u6210\u4e3a\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u6743\u548c\u534a\u72ec\u7acb\u653f\u6743\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u7228\u201d\u7531\u59d3\u6c0f\u53d8\u6210\u6c11\u65cf\u6cdb\u79f0\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a<strong>\u7228\u5937<\/strong>\u6216<strong>\u7228\u86ee<\/strong>\u3002\u968b\u521d<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E4%25B8%25AD_%28%25E5%259C%25B0%25E5%2590%258D%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u4e2d<\/a>\u5730\u533a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e2d\u592e\uff08\u897f\u5357\u90e8\u5c11\u6570\u5730\u533a\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258C%2597%25E5%2591%25A8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5317\u5468<\/a>\u65f6\u8131\u79bb\uff09\uff0c593\u5e74\u968b\u6587\u5e1d\u8bbe\u5357\u5b81\u5dde\u603b\u7ba1\u5e9c\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2591%25B3%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5473\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e45\u7228\u65cf\u4eba\u6c11\u8d77\u5175\u53cd\u6297\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E4%25B8%25AD_%28%25E5%259C%25B0%25E5%2590%258D%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u4e2d<\/a>\u5730\u533a\u5efa\u7acb\u72ec\u7acb\u653f\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u968b\u5510\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u7228\u86ee\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u4e1c\u3001\u897f\u4e24\u7228\uff0c\u4e1c\u7228\u7684\u4e3a\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BD%259D%25E6%2597%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e4c\u86ee<\/a>\u201d\u3001\u897f\u7228\u4e3a\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2599%25BD%25E8%259B%25AE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u767d\u86ee<\/a>\u201d\u3002\u5510\u671d\u65f6\uff0c\u5c5e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2588%258E%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u620e\u5dde<\/a>\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B7%259E_%28%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5dde<\/a>\u4e8c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2583%25BD%25E7%259D%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u90fd\u7763<\/a>\u6240\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4e4c\u86ee\u53c8\u5305\u542b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2592%2599%25E5%25B7%2582%25E8%25AF%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8499\u5dc2\u8bcf<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25B6%258A%25E6%259E%2590%25E8%25AF%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8d8a\u6790\u8bcf<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25B5%25AA%25E7%25A9%25B9%25E8%25AF%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6d6a\u7a79\u8bcf<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2582%2586%25E8%25B5%2595%25E8%25AF%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9086\u8d55\u8bcf<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2596%25BD%25E6%25B5%25AA%25E8%25AF%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u65bd\u6d6a\u8bcf<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2592%2599%25E8%2588%258D%25E8%25AF%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8499\u820d\u8bcf<\/a>\u516d\u5927\u90e8\u843d\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2585%25AD%25E8%25AF%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u516d\u8bcf<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u53c8\u6709\u201c\u6fee\u90e8\u201d\u4e4b\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E8%25AF%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u8bcf<\/a>\u738b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2596%25A3%25E7%25BE%2585%25E9%25B3%25B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9601\u7f57\u51e4<\/a>\u4e3a\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e0e\u7228\u6c0f\u90e8\u843d\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c06\u5973\u513f\u5ac1\u7ed9<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25AD%25B8%25E7%258E%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/a>\u4e4b\u5b50\u5b88\u5076\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u5973\u5ac1\u7ed9<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25B4%2587%25E9%2581%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5d07\u9053<\/a>\u4e4b\u5b50\u8f85\u671d\uff0c\u5357\u8bcf\u52bf\u529b\u5f97\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e91\u7f05\u4ea4\u754c\u4e1c\u5165\u6ec7\u6c60\u5730\u533a\u3002\u5510\u671d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e3e\u4e8e\u5df1\u4e0d\u5229\uff0c\u6d3e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%25AE%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u5b93<\/a>\u4ee5\u53cd\u95f4\u8ba1\u6311\u8d77\u7228\u6c0f\u5185\u54c4\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u573a\u653f\u6cbb\u9634\u8c0b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u6740\u6b7b\u7228\u5f52\u738b\uff0c\u5f52\u738b\u59bb\u963f\u59f9\u6c42\u6551\u4e8e\u5357\u8bcf\uff0c\u5357\u8bcf\u51fa\u5175\u6740\u5d07\u9053\u7236\u5b50\u3002\u6700\u540e\u5357\u8bcf\u4e8e748\u5e74\u5c06\u7228\u6c0f\u653f\u6743\u6d88\u706d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_21115960107_2\">2. \u7228\u6c0f\u7edf\u6cbb\u5217\u8868<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_21115960107_3\">2.1 \u7228\u6c0f\u5148\u7956<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%25BF%2592\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u4e60<\/a>\uff082\u4e16\u7eaa\u2014231\uff1f\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u4e60<\/strong>\uff08\uff1f\u2014\uff1f\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25B8%2589%25E5%259C%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e09\u56fd<\/a>\u8700\u6c49<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%259B%25B2%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u6c49\u65cf\u4eba\uff0c\u51fa\u8eab\u5357\u4e2d\u8c6a\u65cf\uff0c\u7228\u6c0f\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u5357\u4e2d\u56db\u5927\u59d3\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8700\u6c49\u91cd\u81e3<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E6%2581%25A2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u6062<\/a>\u7684\u59d1\u4e08\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%25B1%25E6%25BC%25A2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e1c\u6c49<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2589_%28%25E4%25B8%259C%25E6%25B1%2589%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b89<\/a>\u5341\u4e5d\u5e74\uff08214\u5e74\uff09\u524d\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%259B%258A%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u76ca\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E4%25BC%25B6%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u4f36<\/a>\u53bf\u4ee4\uff0c\u540e\u56e0\u7f6a\u88ab\u514d\u5b98\uff0c\u674e\u6062\u672c\u88ab\u8fde\u5750\u514d\u804c\uff0c\u4f46\u65f6\u4efb\u76ca\u5dde\u592a\u5b88\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2591%25A3%25E5%2592%258C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8463\u548c<\/a>\u4ee5\u7228\u6c0f\u4e3a\u5f53\u5730\u8c6a\u5f3a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ca1\u6709\u514d\u53bb\u674e\u6062\u7684\u5b98\u804c\u3002<sup>[\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u5fd7\u00b7\u674e\u6062\u4f20\u300b\uff1a\u59d1\u592b\u7228\u4e60\u4e3a\u5efa\u4f36\u4ee4\uff0c\u6709\u8fdd\u72af\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u6062\u5750\u4e60\u514d\u5b98\uff0c\u592a\u5b88\u8463\u548c\u4ee5\u4e60\u65b9\u571f\u5927\u59d3\uff0c\u5bdd\u800c\u4e0d\u8bb8\u3002]<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%259C%2580%25E6%25BC%25A2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8700\u6c49<\/a>\u5efa\u5174\u4e09\u5e74\uff08225\u5e74\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25AB%25B8%25E8%2591%259B%25E4%25BA%25AE%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25BE%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae\u5357\u5f81<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25AB%25B8%25E8%2591%259B%25E4%25BA%25AE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae<\/a>\u6536\u964d\u7228\u4e60\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AD%259F%25E7%2590%25B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b5f\u7430<\/a>\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AD%259F%25E7%258D%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b5f\u83b7<\/a>\uff0c\u7228\u4e60\u5b98\u81f3<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%25A2%2586%25E5%2586%259B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9886\u519b<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AD%259F%25E7%2590%25B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b5f\u7430<\/a>\u4e3a\u8f85\u6c49\u5c06\u519b\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AD%259F%25E7%258D%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b5f\u83b7<\/a>\u5219\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BE%25A1%25E5%258F%25B2%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E4%25B8%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5fa1\u53f2\u4e2d\u4e1e<\/a>\u3002<sup>[\u300a\u534e\u9633\u56fd\u5fd7\u00b7\u5377\u56db\u300b\uff1a\u4eae\u6536\u5176\u4fca\u6770\u5efa\u5b81\u7228\u4e60\uff0c\u6731\u63d0\u5b5f\u7430\u53ca\u83b7\u4e3a\u5b98\u5c5e\uff0c\u4e60\u5b98\u81f3\u9886\u519b\uff0c\u7430\uff0c\u8f85\u6c49\u5c06\u519b\uff0c\u83b7\uff0c\u5fa1\u53f2\u4e2d\u4e1e\u3002]<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%259C%2580%25E6%25BC%25A2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8700\u6c49<\/a>\u5efa\u5174\u4e5d\u5e74\uff08231\u5e74\uff09\u6625\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25AB%25B8%25E8%2591%259B%25E4%25BA%25AE%25E5%258C%2597%25E4%25BC%2590\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae\u5317\u4f10<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%259A%25B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u4e25<\/a>\u8d1f\u8d23\u540e\u52e4\u8865\u7ed9\u3002\u590f\u79cb\u4e4b\u5b63\uff0c\u6b63\u9022\u9634\u96e8\u8fde\u7ef5\uff0c\u7cae\u8349\u8fd0\u8f93\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%259A%25B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u4e25<\/a>\u6d3e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258F%2583%25E8%25BB%258D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u53c2\u519b<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%258B%2590%25E5%25BF%25A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u72d0\u5fe0<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%259D%25A3%25E8%25BB%258D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7763\u519b<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E6%2588%2590%25E8%2597%25A9%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6210\u85e9<\/a>\u4f20\u8bdd\u7ed9<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25AB%25B8%25E8%2591%259B%25E4%25BA%25AE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae<\/a>\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u64a4\u519b\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25AB%25B8%25E8%2591%259B%25E4%25BA%25AE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae<\/a>\u5f97\u5230\u4fe1\u540e\u9000\u5175\u3002\u5317\u4f10\u5927\u519b\u9000\u8fd8\u540e\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%259A%25B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u4e25<\/a>\u5f04\u865a\u4f5c\u5047\uff0c\u6b32\u9003\u8131\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258F%2583%25E8%25BB%258D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u53c2\u519b<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2581%258F%25E5%25B0%2587%25E8%25BB%258D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u504f\u5c06\u519b<\/a>\u7228\u4e60\u7b49\u968f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25AB%25B8%25E8%2591%259B%25E4%25BA%25AE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae<\/a>\u4e0a\u8868\u540e\u4e3b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258A%2589%25E7%25A6%25AA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5218\u7985<\/a>\u8bf7\u6c42\u7f62\u9edc<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%259A%25B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u4e25<\/a>\u3002<sup>[\u00a0\u300a\u516c\u6587\u4e0a\u5c1a\u4e66\u300b\uff1a\u8f84\u4e0e\u884c\u4e2d\u519b\u5e08\u8f66\u9a91\u5c06\u519b\u90fd\u4e61\u4faf\u81e3\u5218\u7430\uff0c\u4f7f\u6301\u8282\u524d\u519b\u5e08\u5f81\u897f\u5927\u5c06\u519b\u9886\u51c9\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\u5357\u90d1\u4faf\u81e3\u9b4f\u5ef6\u3001\u524d\u5c06\u519b\u90fd\u4ead\u4faf\u81e3\u8881\ud871\ude2d\u3001\u5de6\u5c06\u519b\u9886\u8346\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\u9ad8\u9633\u4e61\u4faf\u81e3\u5434\u58f9\u3001\u7763\u524d\u90e8\u53f3\u5c06\u519b\u7384\u4e61\u4faf\u81e3\u9ad8\u7fd4\u3001\u7763\u540e\u90e8\u540e\u5c06\u519b\u5b89\u4e50\u4ead\u4faf\u81e3\u5434\u73ed\u3001\u9886\u957f\u53f2\u7ee5\u519b\u5c06\u519b\u81e3\u6768\u4eea\u3001\u7763\u5de6\u90e8\u884c\u4e2d\u76d1\u519b\u626c\u6b66\u5c06\u519b\u81e3\u9093\u829d\u3001\u884c\u524d\u76d1\u519b\u5f81\u5357\u5c06\u519b\u81e3\u5218\u5df4\u3001\u884c\u4e2d\u62a4\u519b\u504f\u5c06\u519b\u81e3\u8d39\u794e\u3001\u884c\u524d\u62a4\u519b\u504f\u5c06\u519b\u6c49\u6210\u4ead\u4faf\u81e3\u8bb8\u5141\u3001\u884c\u5de6\u62a4\u519b\u7b03\u4fe1\u4e2d\u90ce\u5c06\u81e3\u4e01\u54b8\u3001\u884c\u53f3\u62a4\u519b\u504f\u5c06\u519b\u81e3\u5218\u654f\u3001\u884c\u62a4\u519b\u5f81\u5357\u5c06\u519b\u5f53\u9633\u4ead\u4faf\u81e3\u59dc\u7ef4\u3001\u884c\u4e2d\u5178\u519b\u8ba8\u864f\u5c06\u519b\u81e3\u4e0a\u5b98\u96dd\u3001\u884c\u4e2d\u53c2\u519b\u662d\u6b66\u4e2d\u90ce\u5c06\u81e3\u80e1\u6d4e\u3001\u884c\u53c2\u519b\u5efa\u4e49\u5c06\u519b\u81e3\u960e\u664f\u3001\u884c\u53c2\u519b\u504f\u5c06\u519b\u81e3\u7228\u4e60\u3001\u884c\u53c2\u519b\u88e8\u5c06\u519b\u81e3\u675c\u4e49\u3001\u884c\u53c2\u519b\u6b66\u7565\u4e2d\u90ce\u5c06\u81e3\u675c\u797a\u3001\u884c\u53c2\u519b\u7ee5\u620e\u90fd\u5c09\u76db\u52c3\u3001\u9886\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e2d\u90ce\u6b66\u7565\u4e2d\u90ce\u5c06\u81e3\u6a0a\u5c90\u7b49\u8bae\uff0c\u8f84\u89e3\u5e73\u4efb\uff0c\u514d\u5b98\u7984\u3001\u8282\u4f20\u3001\u5370\u7ef6\u3001\u7b26\u7b56\uff0c\u524a\u5176\u7235\u571f\u3002]<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7228\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E8%25B0%25B7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u8c37<\/a>\uff08265\u2014\uff1f\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u8c37<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25B8%2589%25E5%259C%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e09\u56fd<\/a>\u672b\u5e74<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2599%2589%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u664b\u671d<\/a>\u521d\u5e74<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u9996\u9886\uff0c\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\u540c\u4e50\u53bf\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2599%2586%25E8%2589%25AF%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9646\u826f\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u4eba\u3002264\u5e74<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25B9%259D%25E6%259C%2588%25E5%258D%2581%25E5%259B%259B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e5d\u6708\u5341\u56db<\/a>\u65e5\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%25AD%258F%25E5%2585%2583%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9b4f\u5143\u5e1d<\/a>\u8bcf\u4ee4\u547d<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2591%2582%25E8%2588%2588\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5415\u5174<\/a>\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AE%2589%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25B0%2586%25E5%2586%259B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b89\u5357\u5c06\u519b<\/a>\u3001\u90fd\u7763<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%25A4%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4ea4\u5dde<\/a>\u8bf8\u519b\u4e8b\uff0c\u5357\u4e2d\u76d1\u519b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%259C%258D%25E5%25BC%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u970d\u5f0b<\/a>\u517c\u4efb<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%25A4%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4ea4\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b9c\u9009\u7528\u5b98\u540f\u3002\u970d\u5f0b\u8868\u8350\u7228\u8c37\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%25A4%25E8%25B6%25BE%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4ea4\u8dbe\u90e1<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25AA%25E5%25AE%2588\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u592a\u5b88<\/a>\uff0c\u8ba9\u7228\u8c37\u7387\u7259\u95e8\u5c06<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2591%25A3%25E5%2585%2583\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8463\u5143<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25AF%259B%25E7%2582%2585\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6bdb\u7085<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AD%259F%25E5%25B9%25B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b5f\u5e72<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AD%259F%25E9%2580%259A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b5f\u901a<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E7%2588%25A8%25E8%2583%25BD%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u80fd<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E6%259D%25BE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u677e<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%258E%258B%25E7%25B4%25A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u738b\u7d20<\/a>\u7b49\u4eba\u7edf\u519b\u52a9\u5415\u5174\u3002\u672a\u81f3\uff0c\u5415\u5174\u5c31\u88ab\u5c5e\u4e0b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258A%259F%25E6%259B%25B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u529f\u66f9<\/a>\u674e\u7edf\u6240\u6740\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\u7228\u8c37\u4e5f\u6b7b\u53bb\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2599%258B%25E6%25AD%25A6%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u664b\u6b66\u5e1d<\/a>\u547d<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E8%259E%258D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9a6c\u878d<\/a>\uff08\u539f\u8700\u5c06<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E5%25BF%25A0_%28%25E8%259C%2580%25E6%25B1%2589%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9a6c\u5fe0<\/a>\u4e4b\u5b50\uff09\u4ee3\u4e3a\u4ea4\u8dbe\u592a\u5b88\u3002 \uff08\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25B3%2587%25E6%25B2%25BB%25E9%2580%259A%25E9%2591%2592\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8d44\u6cbb\u901a\u9274<\/a>\u00b7\u7b2c\u4e03\u5341\u516b\u5377\u00b7\u9b4f\u7eaa\u5341\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7228\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E9%2587%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u91cf<\/a>\uff08327\u2014330\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u91cf<\/strong>\uff08\uff1f\u2014326\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u4f5c<strong>\u7228\u4eae<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u7228\u757a<\/strong>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2599%258B%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u664b\u671d<\/a>\u7228\u914b\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\u540c\u4e50\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2599%2586%25E8%2589%25AF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9646\u826f<\/a>\uff09\u4eba\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25B0%25B8%25E5%2598%2589_%28%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%2599%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6c38\u5609<\/a>\u56db\u5e74\uff08310\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5357\u5937\u6821\u5c09\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b81\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%258E%258B%25E9%2580%258A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u738b\u900a<\/a>\u4ee5\u7228\u4eae\u4e3a\u6881\u6c34\u90e1<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25AA%25E5%25AE%2588\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u592a\u5b88<\/a>\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%2585%25B4_%28%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%2599%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5174<\/a>\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08314\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u738b\u900a\u4e25\u731b\uff0c\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E4%25B8%25AD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u4e2d<\/a>\u7684\u96f7\u70a4\u3001\u8463\u9738\u6295\u964d<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2588%2590%25E6%25B1%2589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6210\u6c49<\/a>\u7687\u5e1d<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E9%259B%2584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u96c4<\/a>\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25AA%25E5%25AE%2581_%28%25E4%25B8%259C%25E6%2599%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u592a\u5b81<\/a>\u4e09\u5e74\uff08325\u5e74\uff09\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\uff0c\u664b\u671d\u5b81\u5dde\u523a\u53f2<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25B0%25B9%25E5%25A5%2589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5c39\u5949<\/a>\u96c7\u4eba\u5c06\u4ed6\u6740\u6b7b\u3002 \uff08\u300a\u8d44\u6cbb\u901a\u9274\u00b7\u664b\u7eaa\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_21115960107_4\">2.2 \u7228\u6c0f\u738b\u671d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.2.1 \u7228\uff08330\u2014580\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%2590%259B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u741b<\/a>\uff08330\u2014340\uff1f\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u741b<\/strong>\uff08\uff1f\u2014\uff1f\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u4f5c<strong>\u7228\u6df1<\/strong>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2599%2589%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u664b\u671d<\/a>\u5b98\u5458\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\uff08\u6cbb\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%259B%25B2%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u540c\u4e50\u53bf\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2599%2586%25E8%2589%25AF%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9646\u826f\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u53df\u4eba\u3002 \u81ea\u79f0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25A5%259A%25E5%259B%25BD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u695a\u56fd<\/a>\u4ee4\u5c39<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AD%2590%25E6%2596%2587\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b50\u6587<\/a>\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53d7\u59d3\u73ed\u6c0f\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%25B1%2589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u897f\u6c49<\/a>\u672b\u5e74\u98df\u9091\u4e8e\u7228\uff0c\u6539\u4e3a\u7228\u6c0f\u3002\u4e16\u4e3a\u9547\u86ee\u6821\u5c09\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2599%258B%25E6%2580%2580%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u664b\u6000\u5e1d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25B0%25B8%25E5%2598%2589_%28%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%2599%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6c38\u5609<\/a>\u5e74\u95f4\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2588%2588%25E5%258F%25A4%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5174\u53e4\u90e1<\/a>\u592a\u5b88\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2588%2590%25E6%25BC%25A2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6210\u6c49<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E9%259B%2584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u96c4<\/a>\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25AA%25E5%25AE%2581_%28%25E4%25B8%259C%25E6%2599%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u592a\u5b81<\/a>\u5143\u5e74\uff08323\u5e74\uff09\u5357\u4fb5<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\uff0c\u7228\u741b\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B2%25B3_%28%25E6%2599%258B%25E6%259C%259D%29%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5cb3<\/a>\u5949<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%258E%258B%25E9%2581%259C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u738b\u900a<\/a>\u4e4b\u547d\uff0c\u963b\u51fb\u4e8e\u5802\u72fc\u3002\u674e\u96c4\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2592%25B8%25E5%2592%258C_%28%25E4%25B8%259C%25E6%2599%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u54b8\u548c<\/a>\u4e03\u5e74\uff08332\u5e74\uff09\u6d3e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%25A3%25BD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u5bff<\/a>\u518d\u4fb5\uff0c\u519b\u81f3<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259C%25B1%25E6%258F%2590%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6731\u63d0\u90e1<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2598%25AD%25E9%2580%259A%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u662d\u901a\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u592a\u5b88\u8463\u70b3\u56fa\u5b88\u90e1\u57ce\u3002\u5b81\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\u5c39\u5949\u547d\u4ed6\u4e0e\u5efa\u5b81\u592a\u5b88\u970d\u5f6a\u7387\u519b\u76f8\u52a9\u9ec4\u70b3\uff0c\u62b5\u5fa1\u674e\u5bff\u8fdb\u653b\u3002\u54b8\u548c\u516b\u5e74\uff08333\u5e74\uff09\u6625\uff0c\u7228\u741b\u548c\u8463\u70b3\u3001\u5c39\u5949\u3001\u970d\u5f6a\u7b49\u5f52\u964d\u6210\u6c49\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2589%2582%25E7%2589%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7242\u7241\u90e1<\/a>\u592a\u5b88\u8c22\u6055\u575a\u5b88\u4e0d\u964d\u3002\u54b8\u548c\u4e5d\u5e74\uff08334\u5e74\uff09\u4e09\u6708\uff0c\u674e\u96c4\u5206\u5b81\u5dde\u7f6e\u4ea4\u5dde\uff08\u4eca\u6ec7\u3001\u9ed4\u3001\u6842\u53ca\u8d8a\u5357\u754c\uff09\uff0c\u4efb\u7228\u741b\u4e3a\u4ea4\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2592%25B8%25E5%25BA%25B7_%28%25E4%25B8%259C%25E6%2599%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u54b8\u5eb7<\/a>\u4e94\u5e74\uff08339\u5e74\uff09\u8d81<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E9%259C%258D%25E5%25BD%25AA%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u970d\u5f6a<\/a>\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E5%25AD%259F%25E5%25BD%25A5%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b5f\u5f66<\/a>\u5185\u6597\u4e4b\u9645\u51fb\u8d25\u4e8c\u6c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5f6a\u7f1a\u9001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%25B1%25E6%2599%2589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e1c\u664b<\/a>\uff0c\u5f52\u9644\u4e1c\u664b\u540e\uff0c\u7228\u6c0f\u59cb\u72ec\u9738<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701\uff09\u3002\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25B2%25B4%25E5%25B7%259E%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8d35\u5dde\u7701<\/a>\u5730\u533a\u5f52<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25B0%25A2%25E6%2581%2595\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8c22\u6055<\/a>\u5bb6\u65cf\u3002 \uff08\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5927\u8f9e\u5178\u00b7\u4e0b\u5377\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E9%25A0%25A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\ud873\udc5f<\/a>\uff08345\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\ud873\udc5f<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%25B1%25E6%2599%2589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e1c\u664b<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2581%25E5%2585%25AD%25E5%259C%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5341\u516d\u56fd<\/a>\u65f6\u671f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u9996\u9886\uff0c\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u4eba\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7228\u6c0f\u672c\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2599%2589%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u664b\u671d<\/a>\u5728\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7684\u5927\u65cf\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u664b\u4e4b\u9645\u6709<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E9%2587%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u91cf<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%2590%259B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u741b<\/a>\u66fe\u80cc\u79bb\u664b\u671d\uff0c\u5f52\u964d\u6210\u6c49\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2599%2589%25E7%25A9%2586%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u664b\u7a46\u5e1d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25B0%25B8%25E5%2592%258C_%28%25E4%25B8%259C%25E6%2599%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6c38\u548c<\/a>\u5143\u5e74\uff08345\u5e74\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2581%25E4%25BA%258C%25E6%259C%2588\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5341\u4e8c\u6708<\/a>\uff0c\u7228\ud873\udc5f\u89c1\u6210\u6c49<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%258A%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u52bf<\/a>\u5927\u52bf\u5df2\u53bb\uff0c\u5f52\u964d\u664b\u671d\u3002\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u6210\u6c49\u5c31\u88ab<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25A1%2593%25E6%25BA%25AB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6853\u6e29<\/a>\u6240\u706d\u3002 \uff08\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2599%2589%25E6%259B%25B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u664b\u4e66<\/a>\u00b7\u5e1d\u7eaa\u7b2c\u516b\u00b7\u7a46\u5e1d\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25AF%25B6%25E5%25AD%2590\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5b9d\u5b50<\/a>\uff08\uff1f\u2014405\u5e74\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u5b9d\u5b50<\/strong>\uff08384\u5e74\u2014405\u5e74\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25B8%259C%25E6%2599%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e1c\u664b<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u9996\u9886\uff0c\u5b57<strong>\u5b9d\u5b50<\/strong>\uff0c\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\u540c\u4e50\u53bf\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2599%2586%25E8%2589%25AF%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9646\u826f\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u4eba\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7228\u5b9d\u5b50\u7531<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b81\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25B8%25BB%25E8%2596%2584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e3b\u8584<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25B2%25BB%25E4%25B8%25AD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6cbb\u4e2d<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25AB%25E9%25A9%25BE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u522b\u9a7e<\/a>\u4e3e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%25A7%2580%25E6%2589%258D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u79c0\u624d<\/a>\uff0c\u4e3a\u632f\u5a01\u5c06\u519b\u3001\u5efa\u5b81<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25AA%25E5%25AE%2588\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u592a\u5b88<\/a>\u3002405\u5e74<sup>[\u300a\u664b\u6545\u632f\u5a01\u5c06\u519b\u5efa\u5b81\u592a\u5b88\u7228\u5e9c\u541b\uff08\u5b9d\u5b50\uff09\u5893\u7891\u300b\u4e0a\u6709\u201c\u5927\u4ea8\u56db\u5e74\u5c81\u5728\u4e59\u5df2\u4e0a\u6042\u7acb\u201d\u5b57\u6837\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5927\u4ea8\u56db\u5e74\u201d\u5e94\u4e3a\u4e49\u7199\u5143\u5e74\uff08405\u5e74\uff09\u3002401\u5e74\uff08\u8f9b\u4e11\uff09\u4e3a\u664b\u5b89\u5e1d\u9686\u5b89\u4e94\u5e74\uff1b402\u5e74\uff08\u58ec\u5bc5\uff09\u4e3a\u5143\u5174\u5143\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u65cb\u5373\u6062\u590d\u9686\u5b89\u5e74\u53f7\uff0c\u79f0\u9686\u5b89\u516d\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u53c8\u6539\u4e3a\u5927\u4ea8\u5143\u5e74\uff1b403\u5e74\uff08\u7678\u536f\uff09\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5e74\u53f7\uff0c\u4e00\u8bf4\u4e3a\u5927\u4ea8\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u8bf4\u4e3a\u5143\u5174\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08\u6839\u636e\u65b9\u8bd7\u94ed\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u7eaa\u5e74\u8868\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5e74\u5e95\u6853\u7384\u7be1\u4f4d\uff0c\u6539\u5e74\u53f7\u4e3a\u6c38\u59cb\u5143\u5e74\uff1b404\u5e74\uff08\u7532\u8fb0\uff09\u7684\u5e74\u53f7\uff0c\u6853\u7384\u671d\u5ef7\u79f0\u6c38\u59cb\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5f53\u5e74\u6539\u5e74\u53f7\u4e3a\u5929\u5eb7\u5143\u5e74\u6216\u5929\u5b89\u5143\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u6853\u7384\u7684\u53f2\u4e66\uff08\u5982\u300a\u8d44\u6cbb\u901a\u9274\u300b\uff09\u7528\u5143\u5174\u4e09\u5e74\uff1b405\u5e74\uff08\u4e59\u5df3\uff09\uff0c\u664b\u5b89\u5e1d\u53f8\u9a6c\u5fb7\u5b97\u590d\u4f4d\uff0c\u6539\u5e74\u53f7\u4e3a\u4e49\u7199\u5143\u5e74\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u4e49\u7199\u5143\u5e74\u662f\u7228\u5b9d\u5b50\u53bb\u4e16\u65f6\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u5e74\u53f7\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6218\u4e71\u548c\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u504f\u8fdc\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u901a\u7545\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1\u5b98\u65b9\u5728\u6539\u5143\u5927\u4ea8\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u77e5\u5e74\u53f7\u53c8\u88ab\u66f4\u6539\u3002]<\/sup>\uff0c\u7228\u5b9d\u5b50\u901d\u4e16\uff0c\u5e74\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u5c81\u3002 \u5173\u4e8e\u7228\u5b9d\u5b50\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u73b0\u5b58\u300a\u664b\u6545\u632f\u5a01\u5c06\u519b\u5efa\u5b81\u592a\u5b88\u7228\u5e9c\u541b\u5893\u7891\u300b\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u7228\u5b9d\u5b50\u7891\u3001\u5c0f\u7228\u7891\u3002\u8be5\u7891\u4e8e1778\u5e74\u51fa\u571f\uff0c\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E9%25BE%2599%25E9%25A2%259C%25E7%25A2%2591\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u9f99\u989c\u7891<\/a>\uff08\u5927\u7228\u7891\uff09\u5e76\u79f0\u201c\u4e8c\u7228\u7891\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E9%25BE%258D%25E9%25A1%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u9f99\u989c<\/a>\uff08\uff1f\u2014445\u5e74\uff0c\u7236\u7228\u67d0\u5c01\u9f99\u9aa7\u5c06\u519b\uff0c\u5b50<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%25A1%2595%25E5%25AD%2590\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u7855\u5b50<\/a>\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u9f99\u989c<\/strong>\uff08385\u5e74\u2014445\u5e74\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%258C%2597%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5317\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u9996\u9886\uff0c\u5b57\u4ed5\u5fb7\uff0c\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\u540c\u4e50\u53bf\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701\u9646\u826f\u53bf\uff09\u4eba\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%25A1%2595%25E5%25AD%2590\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u7855\u5b50<\/a>\u7684\u7956\u7236\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ed6\u7956\u7236\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2599%258B%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u664b\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a>\u592a\u5b88\uff0c\u52a0\u9f99\u9aa7\u5c06\u519b\u8854\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b81\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a>\u3002\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u52a0\u9f99\u9aa7\u8f85\u56fd\u5c06\u519b\u8854\uff0c\u4efb\u516b\u90e1\u76d1\u519b\uff0c\u53c8\u4efb\u664b\u5b81\u3001\u5efa\u5b81\u4e8c\u90e1\u592a\u5b88\uff0c\u6b7b\u540e\u8ffd\u8c25\u4e3a\u5b81\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\u548c\u909b\u90fd\u53bf\u4faf\u3002 \u7228\u9f99\u989c\u5b98\u81f3\u9f99\u9aa7\u5c06\u519b\uff0c\u62a4\u9547\u86ee\u6821\u5c09\uff0c\u5b81\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\uff0c\u5c01<strong>\u909b\u90fd\u53bf\u4faf<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AE%258B%25E6%2596%2587%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b8b\u6587\u5e1d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2585%2583%25E5%2598%2589_%28%25E5%2588%2598%25E5%25AE%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5143\u5609<\/a>\u4e5d\u5e74\uff08432\u5e74\uff09\u9547\u538b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%259B%258A%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u76ca\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25B5%25B5%25E5%25B9%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8d75\u5e7f<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%25A8%258B%25E9%2581%2593%25E9%25A4%258A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7a0b\u9053\u517b<\/a>\u4e4b\u4e71\u3002\u5143\u5609\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08445\u5e74\uff09\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u4e0a\u65ec\u901d\u4e16\uff0c\u5e74\u516d\u5341\u4e00\u5c81\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E6%2598%258E_%28%25E5%2588%2598%25E5%25AE%258B%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5927\u660e<\/a>\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08458\u5e74\uff09\u7acb\u7891\uff0c\u7228\u9053\u5e86\u64b0\u6587\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E9%259B%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u4e91<\/a>\uff08514\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u4e91<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258C%2597%25E9%25AD%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5317\u9b4f<\/a>\u672b\u5e74<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u9996\u9886\uff0c\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E5%25AE%2581%25E9%2583%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u5b81\u90e1<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php%3Ftitle%3D%25E5%2590%258C%25E4%25B9%2590%25E5%258E%25BF%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u540c\u4e50\u53bf<\/a>\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2599%2586%25E8%2589%25AF%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9646\u826f\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u4eba\u3002\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258C%2597%25E9%25AD%258F%25E5%25AD%259D%25E6%2598%258E%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5317\u9b4f\u5b5d\u660e\u5e1d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2585%2583%25E8%25AF%25A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5143\u8be9<\/a>\u65f6\u5386\u4efb\u4f7f\u6301\u8282\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%25AA%25A0%25E9%25AA%2591%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E5%25B0%2586%25E5%2586%259B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9aa0\u9a91\u5927\u5c06\u519b<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BC%2580%25E5%25BA%259C%25E4%25BB%25AA%25E5%2590%258C%25E4%25B8%2589%25E5%258F%25B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5f00\u5e9c\u4eea\u540c\u4e09\u53f8<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a>\uff0c\u5c01<strong>\u540c\u4e50\u53bf\u4faf<\/strong>\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5317\u9b4f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u638c\u63a7\u4e91\u5357\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u7228\u4e91\u7684\u5357\u5b81\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\u4e3a\u9065\u9886\u3002\u7228\u4e91\u7891\u5728\u9646\u51c9\u5dde\u5357\u4e09\u5341\u91cc\u3002\u7228\u4e91\u7891<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25B8%2585%25E9%25AB%2598%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6e05\u9ad8\u5b97<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25B9%25BE%25E9%259A%2586\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e7e\u9686<\/a>\u5e74\u95f4\u5c1a\u5728\uff0c\u540e\u4e0d\u77e5\u53bb\u5411\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5143\u300a\u6df7\u4e00\u65b9\u8206\u80dc\u89c8\u300b\u3001\u660e\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AF%25B0%25E5%25AE%2587%25E9%2580%259A%25E5%25BF%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5bf0\u5b87\u901a\u5fd7<\/a>\u300b\u5f15\u300a\u7228\u4e91\u7891\u300b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u738b\u4e16\u4e3d\u300a\u4e1c\u664b\u4ee5\u6765\u7228\u6c0f\u4e0e\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u300b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%2593%259A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u74d2<\/a>\uff08548\u2014553\u4e4b\u540e\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u74d2<\/strong>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E6%25A2%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6881<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\u4eba\uff0c\u897f\u7228\u9886\u4e3b\u3002 \u5176\u7956\u5148\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%2599%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u897f\u664b<\/a>\u62c5\u4efb\u5357\u5b81\u592a\u5b88\u540e\uff0c\u4e16\u96c4\u5357\u4e2d\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25A2%2581%25E6%25AD%25A6%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6881\u6b66\u5e1d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25AA%25E6%25B8%2585_%28%25E5%25B9%25B4%25E8%2599%259F%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u592a\u6e05<\/a>\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08548\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5b81\u5dde\u523a\u53f2<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BE%2590%25E6%2596%2587%25E7%259B%259B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5f90\u6587\u76db<\/a>\u7387\u5175\u5f80\u8346\u5dde\u968f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25A2%2581%25E5%2585%2583%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6e58\u4e1c\u738b\u8427\u7ece<\/a>\u9547\u538b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BE%25AF%25E6%2599%25AF%25E4%25B9%258B%25E4%25BA%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4faf\u666f\u4e4b\u4e71<\/a>\uff0c\u8d81\u5b81\u5dde\u7a7a\u865a\uff0c\u7228\u74d2\u636e\u6709\u5176\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf8\u90e8\uff0c\u5176\u5883\u4e8c\u5343\u4f59\u91cc\u3002\u5176\u5730\u591a\u9a8f\u9a6c\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%258A%2580%25E7%2589%259B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7280\u725b<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25B1%25A1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8c61<\/a>\u3001\u660e\u73e0\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25A2%2581%25E5%2585%2583%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6881\u5143\u5e1d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2589%25BF%25E5%259C%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u627f\u5723<\/a>\u4e8c\u5e74\uff08553\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u7228\u74d2\u4ee5\u5176\u5730\u964d<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E9%25AD%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u897f\u9b4f<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258C%2597%25E5%2591%25A8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5317\u5468<\/a>\u9065\u6388\u5176\u5357\u5b81\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\uff0c\u5141\u5176\u5b50<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%25BF%25AB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u7feb<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E9%259C%2587\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u9707<\/a>\u4e16\u88ad\uff0c\u81f3\u6b64\u6210\u4e3a\u975e\u4e2d\u592e\u76f4\u8f96\u7684\u7f81\u7e3b\u5dde\u3002 \uff08\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5927\u8f9e\u5178\u00b7\u4e0b\u5377\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.2.2 \u897f\u7228\uff08\u767d\u86ee\uff09\uff08580\u2014786\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%25BF%25AB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u7feb<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E9%259C%2587\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u9707<\/a>\uff08\u968b\u6587\u5e1d\u65f6\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\uff08\uff09\u7feb\uff08\uff09<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%259A%258B%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u968b\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u897f\u7228<\/a>\u8c6a\u914b\u3002\u7236\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%2593%259A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u74d2<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u7236\u6b7b\u540e\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E9%259C%2587\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u9707<\/a>\u5206\u7edf\u5176\u90e8\u4f17\u3002\u968b\u671d\u4ee5\u5176\u5730\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2581%25AD%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u606d\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2598%25AD%25E9%2580%259A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u662d\u901a<\/a>\uff09\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%258F%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u534f\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BD%259D%25E8%2589%25AF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5f5d\u826f<\/a>\uff09\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2598%2586%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6606\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2598%2586%25E6%2598%258E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6606\u660e<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u7228\u7feb\u4e3a\u6606\u5dde<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a>\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\u53db\u968b\uff0c597\u5e74\uff0c\u968b\u671d\u4ee5<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258F%25B2%25E8%2590%25AC%25E6%25AD%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u53f2\u4e07\u5c81<\/a>\u7387\u519b\u51fb\u8d25\u3002\u65cb\u53db\uff0c\u518d\u88ab\u968b\u519b\u51fb\u8d25\uff0c\u60e7\u800c\u5165\u671d\uff0c\u540e\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%259A%258B%25E6%2596%2587%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u968b\u6587\u5e1d<\/a>\u6240\u6740\u3002\u8bf8\u5b50\u4e3a\u5b98\u5974\u3002\u5b50<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25AE%258F%25E9%2581%2594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5b8f\u8fbe<\/a>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7228\u9707<\/strong>\uff086\u4e16\u7eaa\uff1f\u2014598\u5e74\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%258C%2597%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5317\u671d<\/a>\u672b\u671f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\u4eba\uff0c\u5230<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%259A%258B%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u968b\u671d<\/a>\u65f6\u4e3a\u7228\u8c6a\u914b\u3002 \u7236\u4eb2\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%2593%259A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u74d2<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u7236\u6b7b\u540e\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%25BF%25AB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u7feb<\/a>\u5206\u7edf\u5176\u90e8\u4f17\uff0c\u76f8\u627f\u81f3\u968b\u671d\uff0c\u5bf9\u968b\u671d\u6001\u5ea6\u76f8\u5f53\u50b2\u6162\uff0c\u5e74\u8d21\u9a6c\u4ec5\u6570\u5341\u5339\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BC%2580%25E7%259A%2587\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5f00\u7687<\/a>\u521d\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u5730\u5206\u7f6e\u606d\u5dde\u3001\u534f\u5dde\u3001\u6606\u5dde\u3002\u4efb\u547d\u4ed6\u4e3a\u6606\u5dde<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a>\u3002\u5f00\u7687\u5341\u4e03\u5e74\uff08597\u5e74\uff09\u4e3e\u5175\u53cd\u968b\uff0c\u5c6f\u636e\u8981\u5bb3\u3002\u968b\u4ee5<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%259F%25A6%25E5%2586%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u97e6\u51b2<\/a>\u4e3a\u5357\u5b81\u5dde\u603b\u7ba1\uff0c\u519b\u81f3\u5357\u5b81\uff0c\u884c\u519b\u603b\u7ba1<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258F%25B2%25E8%2590%25AC%25E6%25AD%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u53f2\u4e07\u5c81<\/a>\u51fb\u7834\u4e09\u5341\u4f59\u90e8\u3001\u9003\u5230\u897f\u6d31\u6cb3\u3001\u6ec7\u6c60\uff0c\u7228\u9707\u4e0e\u897f\u7228\u9996\u9886\u8be3\u5e9c\u8c12\u964d\u670d\uff0c\u7fcc\u5e74\uff0c\u53c8\u53db\uff0c\u88ab\u968b\u519b\u51fb\u8d25\uff0c\u60e7\u800c\u5165\u671d\uff0c\u540e\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%259A%258B%25E6%2596%2587%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u968b\u6587\u5e1d<\/a>\u6240\u6740\uff0c\u8bf8\u5b50\u6ca1\u4e3a\u5b98\u5974\u3002 \uff08\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5927\u8f9e\u5178\u00b7\u4e0b\u5377\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25BC%2598%25E8%25BE%25BE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f18\u8fbe<\/a>\uff08\u5510\u9ad8\u7956\u65f6\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u5b8f\u8fbe<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a>\u897f\u7228\u8c6a\u914b\uff0c\u897f\u664b\u5b81\u5dde\u5927\u59d3\u7228\u6c0f\u4e4b\u540e\u88d4\u3002 \u7236\u4eb2\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2598%2586%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6606\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E7%25BF%25AB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u7feb<\/a>\u3002\u5f00\u7687\u5341\u516b\u5e74\uff08598\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u7228\u7feb\u53db\u968b\uff0c\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%259A%258B%25E6%2596%2587%25E5%25B8%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u968b\u6587\u5e1d<\/a>\u6240\u6740\u3002\u8bf8\u5b50\u4e3a\u5b98\u5974\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a>\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E9%25AB%2598%25E7%25A5%2596\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u9ad8\u7956<\/a>\u4ee5\u7228\u5b8f\u8fbe\u4e3a\u6606\u5dde\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2598%2586%25E6%2598%258E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6606\u660e<\/a>\uff09\u523a\u53f2\uff0c\u547d\u4ed6\u5e26\u7740\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u7075\u67e9\u5f52\u846c\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25AD%25A6%25E5%25BE%25B7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6b66\u5fb7<\/a>\u4e09\u5e74\uff08620\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u9063\u4f7f\u5165\u671d\u732e\u65b9\u7269\u3002\u76ca\u5dde\u523a\u53f2<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25AE%25B5%25E7%25B6%25B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6bb5\u7eb6<\/a>\u8bf1\u5176\u90e8\u7eb3\u6b3e\u8d21\u7269\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E5%25A4%25AA%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u592a\u5b97<\/a>\u65f6\u51fb\u8ba8\u897f\u7228\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9752\u86c9\u53bf\u3001\u5f04\u680b\u53bf\u3002\u4ed6\u4e4b\u540e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E4%25B9%25BE%25E7%25A6%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u4e7e\u798f<\/a>\u4e3a\u6606\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25AD%25B8%25E7%258E%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/a>\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\u90fd\u7763\u3002 \uff08\u300a\u8d44\u6cbb\u901a\u9274\u00b7\u5510\u7eaa\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25AD%25B8%25E7%258E%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/a>\uff08\u5510\u7384\u5b97\u65f6\uff0c\u7956\u7236<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E8%258D%25A3%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u8363\u5b97<\/a>\u3001\u7236<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E4%25BB%2581%25E5%25BC%2598\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u4ec1\u5f18<\/a>\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u8c6a\u914b\u3002\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E7%258E%2584%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u7384\u5b97<\/a>\u65f6\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u90fd\u7763\u3002\u9a7b\u77f3\u57ce\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u653b\u6740\u4e1c\u7228\u76d6\u8058\u3001\u76d6\u542f\u7236\u5b50\u3002\u5165\u636e\u5347\u9ebb\u5ddd\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AF%25BB%25E7%2594%25B8%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5bfb\u7538\u53bf<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25B5%25A9%25E6%2598%258E%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5d69\u660e\u53bf<\/a>\u4e00\u5e26\uff09\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25A9%25E5%25AE%259D_%28%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5929\u5b9d<\/a>\u521d\u5e74\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2589%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E8%258A%2582%25E5%25BA%25A6%25E4%25BD%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5251\u5357\u8282\u5ea6\u4f7f<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%25AB%25A0%25E4%25BB%2587%25E5%2585%25BC%25E7%2590%25BC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7ae0\u4ec7\u517c\u743c<\/a>\u6d3e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25B6%258A%25E5%25B7%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8d8a\u5dc2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2583%25BD%25E7%259D%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u90fd\u7763<\/a>\u7af9\u7075\u5029\uff0c\u5f00\u6b65\u5934\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E6%25B0%25B4%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u6c34\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u5b89\u5b81\u57ce\u3002\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u8054\u5408<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25B4%2587%25E9%2581%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5d07\u9053<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%2597%25A5%25E9%2580%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb<\/a>\u8d77\u5175\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u653b\u6740\u7af9\u7075\u5029\u3002\u5510\u7384\u5b97\u547d<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5dde<\/a>\u90fd\u7763<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%25AE%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u5b93<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E8%25A9%2594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u8bcf<\/a>\u738b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%259A%25AE%25E7%25BD%2597%25E9%2598%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u76ae\u7f57\u9601<\/a>\u653b\u6253\uff0c\u5230\u6ce2\u5dde\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%25A5%25A5%25E9%259B%25B2%25E7%25B8%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7965\u4e91\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u3001\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u81f3\u519b\u95e8\u8c22\u7f6a\u5f52\u964d\uff0c\u83b7\u5510\u5ef7\u8d66\u514d\uff0c\u518d\u8bbe\u5b89\u5b81\u57ce\u3002\u674e\u5b93\u5506\u4f7f\u8054\u5408\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u6740\u6b7b\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u3001\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb\uff0c\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u7684\u5175\u9a6c\u7531\u5176\u59bb\u4e4c\u86ee\u5973<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2598%25BF%25E5%25A7%25B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u963f\u59f9<\/a>\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u5176\u5b50<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25AE%2588%25E9%259A%2585\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5b88\u9685<\/a>\u6295\u6bcd\u65cf\u4e4c\u86ee\u5e76\u5411\u5357\u8bcf\u6c42\u63f4\u3002 \uff08\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2588%258A%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259B%25B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u65e7\u5510\u4e66<\/a>\u00b7\u5357\u86ee\u4f20\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2598%25BF%25E5%25A7%25B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u963f\u59f9<\/a>\uff08\u6444\u653f\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u963f\u59f9<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u8c6a\u914b\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%25B7%259E_%28%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u90fd\u7763<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25AD%25B8%25E7%258E%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/a>\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u4e4c\u86ee\u4eba\u3002\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E7%258E%2584%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u7384\u5b97<\/a>\u65f6\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B7%259E_%28%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2583%25BD%25E7%259D%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u90fd\u7763<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%25AE%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u5b93<\/a>\u5506\u4f7f\u8054\u5408<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25B4%2587%25E9%2581%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5d07\u9053<\/a>\u6740\u6b7b\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%2597%25A5%25E9%2580%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb<\/a>\uff0c\u963f\u59f9\u5e26\u7740\u513f\u5b50<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25AE%2588%25E9%259A%2585\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5b88\u9685<\/a>\u9003\u5230\u4e86\u5a18\u5bb6\u4e4c\u86ee\u3002\u5979\u5411\u5357\u8bcf\u6c42\u6551\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E8%25A9%2594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u8bcf<\/a>\u738b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%259A%25AE%25E7%25BD%2597%25E9%2598%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u76ae\u7f57\u9601<\/a>\u4e0a\u594f\u5510\u7384\u5b97\uff0c\u5510\u7384\u5b97\u547d\u7228\u5b88\u9685\u7ee7\u627f\u5357\u5b81\u5dde\u90fd\u7763\u3002\u7228\u5b88\u9685\u5a36\u76ae\u7f57\u9601\u4e4b\u5973\u4e3a\u59bb\u3002\u674e\u5b93\u548c\u4e1c\u7228\u3001\u5357\u8bcf\u8054\u5408\u653b\u6253\u7228\u5d07\u9053\uff0c\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u9003\u5230\u9ece\u5ddd\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%258E%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u534e\u5b81\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E8%25BC%2594%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u8f85\u671d<\/a>\u7236\u5b50\u88ab\u6740\u3002\u7228\u6c0f\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u5357\u8bcf\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u76ae\u7f57\u9601\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2596%25A3%25E7%25BE%2585%25E9%25B3%25B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9601\u7f57\u51e4<\/a>\u5373\u4f4d\uff0c\u7228\u5b88\u9685\u5f52\u9644\u5357\u8bcf\u3002\u963f\u59f9\u81ea\u4e3a\u4e4c\u86ee\u90e8\u843d\u738b<sup>[\u6a0a\u7ef0\u300a\u86ee\u4e66\u2027\u5377\u56db\u300b\uff1a\u963f\u59f9\u81ea\u4e3a\u4e4c\u86ee\u90e8\u843d\u738b\uff0c\u4ece\u4eac\u5e08\u671d\u53c2\uff0c\u5927\u8499\u6069\u8d4f\u3002]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5230<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2595%25B7%25E5%25AE%2589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u957f\u5b89<\/a>\u671d\u89c1\uff0c\u6ec7\u4e1c\u4e4b\u5730\u5f52\u4e8e\u5357\u8bcf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25AE%2588%25E9%259A%2585\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5b88\u9685<\/a>\u3001\u7228\u5b88\u5fe0\uff08\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u5b50\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u5b88\u9685<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\uff08\u897f\u7228\uff09\u8c6a\u914b\u3002\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E7%258E%2584%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u7384\u5b97<\/a>\u65f6\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u90fd\u7763<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25AD%25B8%25E7%258E%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/a>\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u662f\u4e4c\u86ee<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2598%25BF%25E5%25A7%25B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u963f\u59f9<\/a>\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5dde<\/a>\u90fd\u7763<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%25AE%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u5b93<\/a>\u5506\u4f7f\u8054\u5408\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u6740\u6b7b\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u3001\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb\uff0c\u963f\u59f9\u3001\u7228\u5b88\u9685\u9003\u5230\u4e86\u4e4c\u86ee\u3002\u7228\u5b88\u9685\u7ee7\u627f\u5357\u5b81\u5dde\u90fd\u7763\uff0c\u53c8\u6d3e\u4eba\u81f3\u5357\u8bcf\u6c42\u63f4\uff0c\u5a36<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E8%25A9%2594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u8bcf<\/a>\u738b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%259A%25AE%25E7%25BD%2597%25E9%2598%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u76ae\u7f57\u9601<\/a>\u4e4b\u5973\u4e3a\u59bb\u3002\u674e\u5b93\u548c\u4e1c\u7228\u3001\u5357\u8bcf\u8054\u5408\u653b\u6253\u7228\u5d07\u9053\uff0c\u5c06\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u53ca\u5176\u5b50<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E8%25BC%2594%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u8f85\u671d<\/a>\u6740\u6b7b\u3002\u7228\u6c0f\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u5357\u8bcf\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u76ae\u7f57\u9601\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2596%25A3%25E7%25BE%2585%25E9%25B3%25B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9601\u7f57\u51e4<\/a>\u5373\u4f4d\uff0c\u7228\u5b88\u9685\u5f52\u9644\u5357\u8bcf\uff0c\u643a\u59bb\u81f3\u6cb3\u8d55\uff08\u4eca\u5927\u7406\uff09\u95f2\u5c45\u3002\uff08\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2588%258A%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259B%25B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u65e7\u5510\u4e66<\/a>\u00b7\u5357\u86ee\u4f20\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.2.3 \u4e1c\u7228\uff08\u4e4c\u86ee\uff09\uff08672\u2014748\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E4%25B9%25BE%25E7%25A6%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u4e7e\u798f<\/a>\uff08688\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u4e7e\u798f<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u8c6a\u914b\uff0c\u7956\u7236\u662f<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E9%25AB%2598%25E7%25A5%2596\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u9ad8\u7956<\/a>\u7684\u6606\u5dde\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2598%2586%25E6%2598%258E%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6606\u660e\u5e02<\/a>\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25AE%258F%25E9%2581%2594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5b8f\u8fbe<\/a>\u3002\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E7%259D%25BF%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u777f\u5b97<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%259E%2582%25E6%258B%25B1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5782\u62f1<\/a>\u56db\u5e74\uff08688\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u7228\u4e7e\u798f\u62c5\u4efb\u6606\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\uff0c\u86ee\u90ce\u5c06\u738b\u5584\u5b9d\u3001\u6606\u5dde\u523a\u53f2\u7228\u4e7e\u798f\u53c8\u8bf7\u671d\u5ef7\u7f6e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25AE%2589%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5b89\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u5176\u540e\u53c8\u6709\u5b50<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E8%258D%25A3%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u8363\u5b97<\/a>\u3001\u5b59<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E4%25BB%2581%25E5%25BC%2598\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u4ec1\u5f18<\/a>\u3001\u66fe\u5b59<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25AD%25B8%25E7%258E%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/a>\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\u90fd\u7763\u3002\uff08\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2588%258A%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259B%25B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u65e7\u5510\u4e66<\/a>\u00b7<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BC%25A0%25E6%259F%25AC%25E4%25B9%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5f20\u67ec\u4e4b<\/a>\u4f20\u00b7\u8bf7\u7f62\u59da\u5dde\u5c6f\u620d\u8868\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%2597%25A3%25E7%25BB%258D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u55e3\u7ecd<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u55e3\u7ecd<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u8c6a\u914b\u3002\u62c5\u4efb\u5c06\u519b\u6606\u5dde\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2598%2586%25E6%2598%258E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6606\u660e<\/a>\uff09\u523a\u53f2\u3002\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BC%25A0%25E4%25B9%259D%25E9%25BE%2584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5f20\u4e5d\u9f84<\/a>\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E7%258E%2584%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u7384\u5b97<\/a>\u8349\u62df\u6555\u4e66\uff0c\u8ba9\u897f\u5357\u7684\u5937\u65cf\u5b98\u5458\u5404\u5b88\u5176\u5883\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u76f8\u4e92\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u5341\u4eba\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AE%2589%25E5%258D%2597%25E9%2583%25BD%25E6%258A%25A4%25E5%25BA%259C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b89\u5357<\/a>\u9996\u9886\u5cbf\u5dde\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25B1%258F%25E8%25BE%25B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5c4f\u8fb9<\/a>\uff09\u523a\u53f2\u7228\u4ec1\u54f2\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25BD%2598%25E5%25B7%259E_%28%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6f58\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u5e7f\u4e1c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%25AB%2598%25E5%25B7%259E%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9ad8\u5dde\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u523a\u53f2\u6f58\u660e\u5a01\u3001\u7360\u5b50\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2596%2587%25E5%25B1%25B1%25E5%25A3%25AE%25E6%2597%258F%25E8%258B%2597%25E6%2597%258F%25E8%2587%25AA%25E6%25B2%25BB%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6587\u5c71\u58ee\u65cf\u82d7\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde<\/a>\uff09\u9996\u9886\u963f\u8fea\u3001\u548c\u86ee\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2585%2583%25E9%2598%25B3%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5143\u9633\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u5927\u9b3c\u4e3b\u5b5f\ue438\u8bef\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25AE%2589%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5b89<\/a>\uff09\u9996\u9886\u5de6\u5a01\u536b\u5c06\u519b\u7228\u5f66\u5f81\u3001\u5c06\u519b\u6606\u5dde<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2588%25BA%25E5%258F%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u523a\u53f2<\/a><strong>\u7228\u55e3\u7ecd<\/strong>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%25BB%258E%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9ece\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%258E%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u534e\u5b81\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u523a\u53f2\u7228\u66fe\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2588%258E%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u620e\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%259B%259B%25E5%25B7%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u56db\u5ddd<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AE%259C%25E5%25AE%25BE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b9c\u5bbe<\/a>\uff09\u9996\u9886\u53f3\u76d1\u95e8\u536b\u5927\u5c06\u519b\u5357\u5dde\u523a\u53f2<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25AD%25B8%25E7%258E%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756<\/a>\uff09\u53f8\u9a6c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A8%2581%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5a01\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25B5%25A9%25E6%2598%258E%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5d69\u660e\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u523a\u53f2\u90fd\u5927\u9b3c\u4e3b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25B4%2587%25E9%2581%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5d07\u9053<\/a>\u3001\u5347\u9ebb\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25AF%25BB%25E7%2594%25B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5bfb\u7538<\/a>\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258E%25BF%25E4%25BB%25A4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u53bf\u4ee4<\/a>\u5b5f\u803d\u537f\u3002\uff08\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2585%25A8%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%2596%2587\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5168\u5510\u6587<\/a>\u300b\u5377\u4e8c\u767e\u516b\u5341\u4e03<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BC%25A0%25E4%25B9%259D%25E9%25BE%2584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5f20\u4e5d\u9f84<\/a>\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u300a\u6555\u5b89\u5357\u9996\u9886\u7228\u4ec1\u54f2\u7b49\u4e66\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%2597%25A5%25E9%2580%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb<\/a>\uff08\u7236<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%2591%25A9%25E6%25B9%25B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6469\u6e74<\/a>\uff09\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u8c6a\u914b\u3002 \u7228\u6469\u6e74\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25B4%2587%25E9%2581%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5d07\u9053<\/a>\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25AD%25B8%25E7%258E%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/a>\u7684\u4f84\u5b50\u3002\u4e3a\u4e24\u7228\uff08\u4e1c\u7228\u3001\u897f\u7228\uff09\u5927\u9b3c\u4e3b\u3002\u5510\u7384\u5b97\u65f6\u4e3a\u6606\u5dde\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%2598%2586%25E6%2598%258E%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6606\u660e\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u523a\u53f2\uff0c\u548c\u5f1f\u5f1f\u7228\u65e5\u7528\u9a7b\u5b89\u5b81\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25A9%25E5%25AE%259D_%28%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5929\u5b9d<\/a>\u521d\u5e74\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2589%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E8%258A%2582%25E5%25BA%25A6%25E4%25BD%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5251\u5357\u8282\u5ea6\u4f7f<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%25AB%25A0%25E4%25BB%2587%25E5%2585%25BC%25E7%2590%25BC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7ae0\u4ec7\u517c\u743c<\/a>\u6d3e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25B6%258A%25E5%25B7%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8d8a\u5dc2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2583%25BD%25E7%259D%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u90fd\u7763<\/a>\u7af9\u7075\u5029\uff0c\u5f00\u6b65\u5934\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E6%25B0%25B4%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u6c34\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u4fee\u7b51\u5b89\u5b81\u57ce\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u5b89\u5b81\uff09\u3002\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u8054\u5408<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25B4%2587%25E9%2581%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5d07\u9053<\/a>\u3001\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb\u8d77\u5175\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u653b\u6740\u7afa\u7075\u5029\u3002\u5510\u7384\u5b97\u547d<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5dde<\/a>\u90fd\u7763<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%25AE%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u5b93<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E8%25A9%2594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u8bcf<\/a>\u738b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%259A%25AE%25E7%25BD%2597%25E9%2598%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u76ae\u7f57\u9601<\/a>\u653b\u6253\uff0c\u5230\u6ce2\u5dde\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%25A5%25A5%25E9%259B%25B2%25E7%25B8%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7965\u4e91\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u3001\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u5f52\u964d\uff0c\u5230\u519b\u95e8\u8c22\u7f6a\uff0c\u83b7\u5510\u671d\u8d66\u514d\uff0c\u518d\u8bbe\u5b89\u5b81\u57ce\u3002\u674e\u5b93\u5506\u4f7f\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u6740\u6b7b\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u3001\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb\u3002 \uff08\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2588%258A%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259B%25B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u65e7\u5510\u4e66<\/a>\u00b7\u5357\u86ee\u4f20\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25B4%2587%25E9%2581%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5d07\u9053<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u5d07\u9053<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u8c6a\u914b\u3002\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%2591%25A9%25E6%25B9%25B4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6469\u6e74<\/a>\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25AD%25B8%25E7%258E%258B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5f52\u738b<\/a>\u7684\u4f84\u5b50\u3002\u4e3a\u4e24\u7228\uff08\u4e1c\u7228\u3001\u897f\u7228\uff09\u5927\u9b3c\u4e3b\uff08\u4e3b\u796d\u8005\uff09\u3002\u5510\u7384\u5b97\u65f6\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E5%25AF%25A7%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u5b81\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259B%25B2%25E9%259D%2596%25E5%25B8%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u66f2\u9756\u5e02<\/a>\uff09\u53f8\u9a6c\uff0c\u5a01\u5dde\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25B5%25A9%25E6%2598%258E%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5d69\u660e\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u523a\u53f2\uff0c\u9a7b\u66f2\u8f6d\uff08\u4eca<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E4%25BA%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E7%259C%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e91\u5357\u7701<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%25A6%25AC%25E9%25BE%258D%25E7%25B8%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9a6c\u9f99\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A4%25A9%25E5%25AE%259D_%28%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5929\u5b9d<\/a>\u521d\u5e74\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2589%2591%25E5%258D%2597%25E8%258A%2582%25E5%25BA%25A6%25E4%25BD%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5251\u5357\u8282\u5ea6\u4f7f<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%25AB%25A0%25E4%25BB%2587%25E5%2585%25BC%25E7%2590%25BC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7ae0\u4ec7\u517c\u743c<\/a>\u6d3e<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%25B6%258A%25E5%25B7%2582\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8d8a\u5dc2<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2583%25BD%25E7%259D%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u90fd\u7763<\/a>\u7af9\u7075\u5029\uff0c\u5f00\u6b65\u5934\u8def\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25BB%25BA%25E6%25B0%25B4%25E5%258E%25BF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5efa\u6c34\u53bf<\/a>\u5357\u90e8\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u5b89\u5b81\u57ce\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u5b89\u5b81\uff09\u3002\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u8054\u5408\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%2597%25A5%25E9%2580%25B2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb<\/a>\u8d77\u5175\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u653b\u6740\u7af9\u7075\u5029\u3002\u5510\u7384\u5b97\u547d<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5dde<\/a>\u90fd\u7763<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%25AE%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u674e\u5b93<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%258D%2597%25E8%25A9%2594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5357\u8bcf<\/a>\u738b<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%259A%25AE%25E7%25BD%2597%25E9%2598%2581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u76ae\u7f57\u9601<\/a>\u653b\u6253\uff0c\u5230<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%25B3%25A2%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6ce2\u5dde<\/a>\uff08\u4eca\u4e91\u5357\u7701<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%25A5%25A5%25E9%259B%25B2%25E7%25B8%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7965\u4e91\u53bf<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u3001\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u81f3\u519b\u95e8\u5f52\u964d\uff0c\u83b7\u5510\u5ef7\u8d66\u514d\uff0c\u518d\u8bbe\u5b89\u5b81\u57ce\u3002\u674e\u5b93\u5506\u4f7f\u7228\u5d07\u9053\u6740\u6b7b\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u3001\u7228\u65e5\u8fdb\uff0c\u7228\u5f52\u738b\u7684\u5175\u9a6c\u7531\u5176\u59bb<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2598%25BF%25E5%25A7%25B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u963f\u59f9<\/a>\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u7228\u8054\u5408\u5357\u8bcf\u653b\u706d\uff0c\u548c\u5176\u5b50<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E8%25BC%2594%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u8f85\u671d<\/a>\u90fd\u88ab\u6740\u6b7b\uff0c\u5bb6\u65cf\u88ab\u4fd8\uff0c\u4e24\u7228\u9042\u88ab\u5357\u8bcf\u63a7\u5236\u3002 \uff08\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E8%2588%258A%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259B%25B8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u65e7\u5510\u4e66<\/a>\u00b7\u5357\u86ee\u4f20\u300b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E8%25BC%2594%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u8f85\u671d<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7228\u8f85\u671d<\/strong>\uff08?\u2014?\uff09\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259C%259D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u671d<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E6%25B0%258F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u6c0f<\/a>\u8c6a\u914b\u3001\u897f\u7228\u9996\u9886<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E7%2588%25A8%25E5%25B4%2587%25E9%2581%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7228\u5d07\u9053<\/a>\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u3002\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%2594%2590%25E7%258E%2584%25E5%25AE%2597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5510\u7384\u5b97<\/a>\u5929\u5b9d\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E5%25A7%259A%25E5%25B7%259E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u59da\u5dde<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E9%2583%25BD%25E7%259D%25A3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u90fd\u7763<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%25E6%259D%258E%25E5%25AE%2593\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer 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