{"id":5731,"date":"2025-10-16T16:50:20","date_gmt":"2025-10-16T08:50:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=5731"},"modified":"2025-10-26T20:40:02","modified_gmt":"2025-10-26T12:40:02","slug":"rare-earth-element-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2025\/10\/16\/rare-earth-element-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20 \/ Rare-earth element &#8211; \u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a> <br>\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u665a\u66f4\u65b0\u8005\u4e3a\u51c6\uff09\u3002 \u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u5b57\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3<\/strong>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u97f3\u8282\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u58f0\u8c03\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u5173\u4e8e\u8fbd\u89c2\u7684\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u642c\u8fd0\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5df2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wikipedia-intro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a<\/a>\u3002\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<strong>\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/strong> <\/p>\n<cite>\u8fbd\u89c2\u6240\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u540c\u6837\u9075\u5faaCC BY-SA 4.0\u534f\u8bae\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/653887754?utm_psn=1730141199812366337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u5bf9\u7167\u7248\u672c<\/a>\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/666846485?utm_psn=1730141316690960386\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u6b63\u6587\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u6982\u8ff0\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u8bcd\u6e90\u3001\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/1961869973162001961\/\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5730\u8d28\u5206\u5e03\u3001\u7528\u9014\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/1965843160619001249\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u63d0\u53d6\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/1965847690605728687\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u5728\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/1965875230238028753\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u53c2\u89c1\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u6761\uff09| See also<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:WikiProject_Geology.svg\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portal:Geology\">Geology portal<\/a>\u3010\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u9898\u3011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pensana_Salt_End\">Pensana Salt End<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_elements_facing_shortage\">List of elements facing shortage<\/a>\u3010\u9762\u4e34\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5217\u8868\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Material_passport\">Material passport<\/a>: lists used materials in products \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E8%AD%B7%E7%85%A7\">\u6750\u6599\u62a4\u7167<\/a>: \u4ea7\u54c1\u5185\u6240\u542b\u6750\u6599\u6e05\u5355<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9\">\u7a00\u571f\u77ff\u7269<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E7%A3%81%E9%90%B5\">\u7a00\u571f\u78c1\u94c1<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%BE%AA%E7%92%B0%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F\">\u5faa\u73af\u7ecf\u6d4e<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E7%B3%BE%E7%B4%9B\">\u7a00\u571f\u8d38\u6613\u7ea0\u7eb7<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"References\">3. \u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e | References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-small-font-size\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-1\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry\">International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry<\/a>\u00a0(2005).\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nomenclature_of_Inorganic_Chemistry\">Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry<\/a><\/em>\u00a0(IUPAC Recommendations 2005). Cambridge (UK):\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Society_of_Chemistry\">RSC<\/a>\u2013<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry\">IUPAC<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/0-85404-438-8\"><bdi>0-85404-438-8<\/bdi><\/a>. p.\u00a051.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/old.iupac.org\/publications\/books\/rbook\/Red_Book_2005.pdf\">Electronic version.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Gschneidner-1964_4-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Gschneidner-1964_4-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Gschneidner, Karl A. (1964).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=04ghAQAAMAAJ\"><em>Rare Earths: The Fraternal Fifteen<\/em><\/a>. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Division of Technical Information.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Zepf-2013_5-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Zepf-2013_5-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Zepf, Volker (2013).\u00a0<em>Rare earth elements: a new approach to the nexus of supply, demand and use: exemplified along the use of neodymium in permanent magnets<\/em>. Berlin; London: Springer.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-3-642-35458-8\"><bdi>978-3-642-35458-8<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-auto_6-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/learn\/science-matters\/case-of-rare-earth-elements-history-future\">&#8220;The History and Future of Rare Earth Elements&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Science_History_Institute\">Science History Institute<\/a><\/em>. October 18, 2019. Retrieved\u00a0January 31,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-7\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Mingos, D. Michael P. (2019).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/430_2019_50\"><em>The Discovery of the Elements in the Periodic Table<\/em><\/a>. Structure and Bonding. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2F430_2019_50\">10.1007\/430_2019_50<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-8\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osti.gov\/scitech\/servlets\/purl\/789650\">History of the Origin of the Chemical Elements and Their Discoverers<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-9\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Stephen David Barrett; Sarnjeet S. Dhesi (2001).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=7fxpDQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA4\"><em>The Structure of Rare-earth Metal Surfaces<\/em><\/a>. World Scientific. p.\u00a04.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-1-86094-165-8\"><bdi>978-1-86094-165-8<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-10\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/OnRareAndScatteredMetalsTalesAboutMetals\/On_Rare_And_Scattered_Metals__Tales_About_Metals\">On Rare And Scattered Metals: Tales About Metals<\/a><\/em>, Sergei Venetsky<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-11\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Heilbron, J. L.; Moseley, H. G. J. (1974).\u00a0<em>H. G. J. Moseley: the life and letters of an English physicist, 1887-1915<\/em>. Berkeley: University of California Press.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-520-02375-8\"><bdi>978-0-520-02375-8<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-12\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.acs.org\/education\/whatischemistry\/landmarks\/earthelements.html\">&#8220;Separation of Rare Earth Elements&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>American Chemical Society<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0April 2,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-13\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Kean, Sam (February 9, 2022).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/content\/article\/electric-jolt-salvages-valuable-metals-waste\">&#8220;An electric jolt salvages valuable metals from waste&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>www.science.org<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0February 15,\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-BBC-2023_14-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/magazine-26687605\">&#8220;Rare earths: Neither rare, nor earths&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>BBC News<\/em>. March 23, 2014. Retrieved\u00a0April 19,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-15\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lee, Jordy (July 26, 2021).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.milkenreview.org\/articles\/rare-earths-explained\">&#8220;Rare Earths Explained&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Milken Institute Review<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0April 19,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-16\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/education\/classroom-activities\/role-playing-games\/case-of-rare-earth-elements\/history-future\/\">&#8220;History and Future of Rare Earth Elements&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Science History Institute<\/em>. October 11, 2024. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-17\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/explainers\/what-are-critical-minerals-and-what-is-their-significance-for-climate-change-action\/\">&#8220;What are &#8216;critical minerals&#8217; and what is their significance for climate change action?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Grantham_Research_Institute\">Grantham Research Institute<\/a><\/em>. May 30, 2023. Retrieved\u00a0September 25,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-18\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Keith R. Long; Bradley S. Van Gosen; Nora K. Foley; Daniel Cordier.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/geology.com\/usgs\/ree-geology\/\">&#8220;The Geology of Rare Earth Elements&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Geology.com<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211026102954\/https:\/\/geology.com\/usgs\/ree-geology\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved\u00a0June 19,\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-19\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lide, David R., ed. (1996\u20131997).\u00a0<em>CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics<\/em>\u00a0(77th\u00a0ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp.\u00a010\u201312.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/0-8493-0477-6\"><bdi>0-8493-0477-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-CRC_ed89_elements_21-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-CRC_ed89_elements_21-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-CRC_ed89_elements_21-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0C. R. Hammond. &#8220;Section 4; The Elements&#8221;. In David R. Lide (ed.).\u00a0<em>CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics<\/em>. (Internet Version 2009) (89th\u00a0ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press\/Taylor and Francis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-22\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161104194856\/http:\/\/www.thinkglobalgreen.org\/rare-earthmetals.html\">&#8220;Rare-earth metals&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Think GlobalGreen<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thinkglobalgreen.org\/rare-earthmetals.html\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on November 4, 2016. Retrieved\u00a0February 10,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-23\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Fronzi, M (2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.archives-ouvertes.fr\/hal-02308396\/document\">&#8220;Theoretical insights into the hydrophobicity of low index CeO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0surfaces&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Applied Surface Science<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>478<\/strong>:\u00a068\u201374.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ArXiv_(identifier)\">arXiv<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1902.02662\">1902.02662<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2019ApSS..478...68F\">2019ApSS..478&#8230;68F<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.apsusc.2019.01.208\">10.1016\/j.apsusc.2019.01.208<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:118895100\">118895100<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220410095114\/https:\/\/hal.archives-ouvertes.fr\/hal-02308396\/document\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0February 9,\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-24\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Fritz Ullmann, ed. (2003).\u00a0<em>Ullmann&#8217;s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry<\/em>. Vol.\u00a031. Contributor: Matthias Bohnet (6th\u00a0ed.). Wiley-VCH. p.\u00a024.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-3-527-30385-4\"><bdi>978-3-527-30385-4<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-26\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0B. Smith Hopkins: &#8220;Chemistry of the rarer elements&#8221;, D. C. Heath &amp; Company, 1923.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-27\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0McGill, Ian. &#8220;Rare Earth Elements&#8221;.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ullmann%27s_Encyclopedia_of_Industrial_Chemistry\">Ullmann&#8217;s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry<\/a><\/em>. Vol.\u00a031. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. p.\u00a0184.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2F14356007.a22_607\">10.1002\/14356007.a22_607<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-3-527-30673-2\"><bdi>978-3-527-30673-2<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Rollinson_28-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Rollinson_28-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Rollinson_28-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Rollinson_28-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Rollinson_28-4\"><sup><em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Rollinson_28-5\"><sup><em><strong>f<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Rollinson_28-6\"><sup><em><strong>g<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Rollinson, Hugh R. (1993).\u00a0<em>Using geochemical data: evaluation, presentation, interpretation<\/em>. Harlow, Essex, England: Longman Scientific &amp; Technical.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-582-06701-1\"><bdi>978-0-582-06701-1<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OCLC_(identifier)\">OCLC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/oclc\/27937350\">27937350<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Brownlow_29-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Brownlow_29-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Brownlow_29-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Brownlow, Arthur H (1996).\u00a0<em>Geochemistry<\/em>. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-13-398272-5\"><bdi>978-0-13-398272-5<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OCLC_(identifier)\">OCLC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/oclc\/33044175\">33044175<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-gsl_30-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-gsl_30-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-gsl_30-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-gsl_30-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Working Group (December 2011).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/~\/media\/shared\/documents\/policy\/Rare%20Earth%20Elements%20briefing%20note%20final%20%20%20new%20format.pdf\">&#8220;Rare Earth Elements&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Geological Society of London.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220209233309\/https:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/~\/media\/shared\/documents\/policy\/Rare%20Earth%20Elements%20briefing%20note%20final%20%20%20new%20format.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on February 9, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0May 18,\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-31\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oeko.de\/oekodoc\/1110\/2011-001-de.pdf\">&#8220;Seltene Erden \u2013 Daten &amp; Fakten&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). \u00d6ko-Institut e.V. January 2011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-auto1_32-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-auto1_32-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Bau, Michael (April 1, 1996). &#8220;Controls on the fractionation of isovalent trace elements in magmatic and aqueous systems: evidence from Y\/Ho, Zr\/Hf, and lanthanide tetrad effect&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>123<\/strong>\u00a0(3):\u00a0323\u2013333.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/1996CoMP..123..323B\">1996CoMP..123..323B<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs004100050159\">10.1007\/s004100050159<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1432-0967\">1432-0967<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:97399702\">97399702<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-33\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Spedding F., Daane A. H.: &#8220;The Rare Earths&#8221;, John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc., 1961.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-34\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Qi, Dezhi (2018).\u00a0<em>Hydrometallurgy of Rare Earths<\/em>. Elsevier. pp.\u00a0162\u2013165.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-12-813920-2\"><bdi>978-0-12-813920-2<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ASella2016_35-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ASella2016_35-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ASella2016_35-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Professor of Chemistry at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_College_London\">University College London<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andrea_Sella\">Andrea Sella<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=UvQMiqqzcZE\">Andrea Sella: &#8220;Insight: Rare-earth metals&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/YouTube_video_(identifier)\">YouTube<\/a>, Interview on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TRT_World\">TRT World<\/a>\u00a0\/ Oct 2016, minutes 4:40 &#8211; ff.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-36\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0T Gray (2007). &#8220;Lanthanum and Cerium&#8221;.\u00a0<em>The Elements<\/em>. Black Dog &amp; Leventhal. pp.\u00a0118\u2013122.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-37\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Huang, Jing; Yu, Zheng; Chistoserdova, Ludmila (June 26, 2018).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6028718\">&#8220;Lanthanide-Dependent Methanol Dehydrogenases of XoxF4 and XoxF5 Clades Are Differentially Distributed Among Methylotrophic Bacteria and They Reveal Different Biochemical Properties&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Frontiers in Microbiology<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>9<\/strong>\u00a01366.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389%2Ffmicb.2018.01366\">10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01366<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6028718\">6028718<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29997591\">29997591<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-38\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Malhotra, Nemi; Hsu, Hua-Shu; Liang, Sung-Tzu; Roldan, Marri Jmelou M.; Lee, Jiann-Shing; Ger, Tzong-Rong; Hsiao, Chung-Der (September 16, 2020).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC552131\">&#8220;An Updated Review of Toxicity Effect of the Rare Earth Elements (REEs) on Aquatic Organisms&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Animals<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>10<\/strong>\u00a0(9): 1663.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fani10091663\">10.3390\/ani10091663<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2076-2615\">2076-2615<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC552131\">552131<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32947815\">32947815<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-39\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0William Zachariasen (January 11, 1927).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/njg.geologi.no\/images\/NJG_articles\/NGT_09_3_4_310-316.pdf\">&#8220;The Crystal Structure of the Modification C of the Sesquioxides of the Rare Earth Metals, and of Indium and Thallium&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Norsk_Geologisk_Tidsskrift&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<strong>9<\/strong>:\u00a0310\u2013316.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-40\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0M. V. Abrashev; N. D. Todorov; J. Geshev (September 9, 2014). &#8220;Raman spectra of R 2O3 (R\u2014rare earth) sesquioxides with C-type bixbyite crystal structure: A comparative study&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Journal of Applied Physics<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>116<\/strong>\u00a0(10): 103508.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2014JAP...116j3508A\">2014JAP&#8230;116j3508A<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063%2F1.4894775\">10.1063\/1.4894775<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hdl_(identifier)\">hdl<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10183%2F107858\">10183\/107858<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:55024339\">55024339<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-41\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0P. Belli; R. Bernabei; F. Cappella; R. Cerulli; C. J. Dai; F. A. Danevich; A. d&#8217;Angelo; A. Incicchitti; V. V. Kobychev; S. S. Nagorny; S. Nisi; F. Nozzoli; D. Prosperi; V. I. Tretyak; S. S. Yurchenko (2007). &#8220;Search for \u03b1 decay of natural Europium&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Nuclear Physics A<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>789<\/strong>\u00a0(1\u20134):\u00a015\u201329.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2007NuPhA.789...15B\">2007NuPhA.789&#8230;15B<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.nuclphysa.2007.03.001\">10.1016\/j.nuclphysa.2007.03.001<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-4\"><sup><em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-5\"><sup><em><strong>f<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-6\"><sup><em><strong>g<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-7\"><sup><em><strong>h<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-8\"><sup><em><strong>i<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-9\"><sup><em><strong>j<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-10\"><sup><em><strong>k<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-11\"><sup><em><strong>l<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-winter_42-12\"><sup><em><strong>m<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Winter, John D. (2010).\u00a0<em>Principles of igneous and metamorphic petrology<\/em>\u00a0(2nd\u00a0ed.). New York: Prentice Hall.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-321-59257-6\"><bdi>978-0-321-59257-6<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OCLC_(identifier)\">OCLC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/oclc\/262694332\">262694332<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-4\"><sup><em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-5\"><sup><em><strong>f<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-6\"><sup><em><strong>g<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-7\"><sup><em><strong>h<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-8\"><sup><em><strong>i<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-9\"><sup><em><strong>j<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-10\"><sup><em><strong>k<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-11\"><sup><em><strong>l<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-12\"><sup><em><strong>m<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-13\"><sup><em><strong>n<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Michel_43-14\"><sup><em><strong>o<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0J\u00e9brak, Michel; Marcoux, Eric; Laithier, Michelle; Skipwith, Patrick (2014).\u00a0<em>Geology of mineral resources<\/em>\u00a0(2nd\u00a0ed.). St. John&#8217;s, NL: Geological Association of Canada.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-1-897095-73-7\"><bdi>978-1-897095-73-7<\/bdi><\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OCLC_(identifier)\">OCLC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/oclc\/933724718\">933724718<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Powell_44-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Powell_44-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Powell_44-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Powell_44-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Powell_44-4\"><sup><em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Powell, Devin,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/rare-earth-elements-plentiful-ocean-sediments\">&#8220;Rare earth elements plentiful in ocean sediments&#8221;<\/a>,\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ScienceNews\">ScienceNews<\/a><\/em>, 3 July 2011. Via Kurt Brouwer&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.marketwatch.com\/fundmastery\/2011\/07\/05\/rare-earth-supply-demand\/\">Fundmastery Blog<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110710022849\/http:\/\/blogs.marketwatch.com\/fundmastery\/2011\/07\/05\/rare-earth-supply-demand\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0July 10, 2011, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>,\u00a0<em>MarketWatch<\/em>, 2011-07-05. Retrieved 2011-07-05.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-45\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Kato, Yasuhiro; Fujinaga, Koichiro; Nakamura, Kentaro; Takaya, Yutaro; Kitamura, Kenichi; Ohta, Junichiro; Toda, Ryuichi; Nakashima, Takuya; Iwamori, Hikaru (2011).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ngeo1185\">&#8220;Deep-sea mud in the Pacific Ocean as a potential resource for rare-earth elements&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Nature Geoscience<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>4<\/strong>\u00a0(8):\u00a0535\u2013539.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2011NatGe...4..535K\">2011NatGe&#8230;4..535K<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fngeo1185\">10.1038\/ngeo1185<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1752-0908\">1752-0908<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-indiana_46-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-indiana_46-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-indiana_46-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-indiana_46-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-indiana_46-4\"><sup><em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/indianaresources.com.au\/project\/rare-earth-exploration\/\">&#8220;Rare Earth Exploration&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Indiana Resources<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 14,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-od6_47-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-od6_47-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-od6_47-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-od6_47-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-od6_47-4\"><sup><em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.od6metals.com.au\/rare-earths\/rare-earths-oxide-reo\/\">&#8220;Rare Earths Oxide (REO)&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>OD6 Metals Limited<\/em>. May 15, 2024.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250714175011\/https:\/\/www.od6metals.com.au\/rare-earths\/rare-earths-oxide-reo\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on July 14, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0September 14,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Haxel02_48-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Haxel02_48-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Haxel02_48-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Haxel G.; Hedrick J.; Orris J. (2002). Peter H. Stauffer; James W. Hendley II (eds.).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2002\/fs087-02\/fs087-02.pdf\">&#8220;Rare Earth Elements\u2014Critical Resources for High Technology&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). United States Geological Survey. USGS Fact Sheet: 087-02.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101214095306\/http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2002\/fs087-02\/fs087-02.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on December 14, 2010. Retrieved\u00a0March 13,\u00a02012.\u00a0<q>However, in contrast to ordinary base and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Precious_metals\">precious metals<\/a>, REE have very little tendency to become concentrated in exploitable ore deposits. Consequently, most of the world&#8217;s supply of REE comes from only a handful of sources, almost entirely as a byproduct of mining other elements in commercially exploitable concentrations they occur alongside.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Rose60_49-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rose, Edward Roderick (February 4, 1960).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ftp.maps.canada.ca\/pub\/nrcan_rncan\/publications\/ess_sst\/101\/101254\/pa_59_10.pdf\">&#8220;Rare Earths of the Grenville Sub-Province, Ontario and Quebec&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada. Retrieved\u00a0May 18,\u00a02018.<sup>[<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Link_rot\">permanent dead link<\/a><\/em>]<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-tewari2025_50-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-tewari2025_50-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Tewari, Suranjana (August 12, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/cgm2z91mvlvo\">&#8220;Rare earths: Australia bid to take on China dominance&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>BBC<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 11,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Livergood2010_51-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Livergood2010_51-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Livergood, R. (October 5, 2010).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/csis.org\/files\/publication\/101005_DIIG_Current_Issues_no22_Rare_earth_elements.pdf\">&#8220;Rare Earth Elements: A Wrench in the Supply Chain&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Center for Strategic and International Studies.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110212024126\/http:\/\/csis.org\/files\/publication\/101005_DIIG_Current_Issues_no22_Rare_earth_elements.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on February 12, 2011. Retrieved\u00a0March 13,\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Leifert2010_52-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Leifert, H. (June 2010). &#8220;Restarting US rare earth production?&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Earth<\/em>. pp.\u00a020\u201321.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Reuters_53-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Reuters_53-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/newsOne\/idUSTRE57U02B20090831\">&#8220;As hybrid cars gobble rare metals, shortage looms&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220605204539\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/newsOne\/idUSTRE57U02B20090831\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0June 5, 2022, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>. Reuters. August 31, 2009. Retrieved Aug 31, 2009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-54\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/business.financialpost.com\/2011\/09\/06\/eu-stockpiles-rare-earths-as-tensions-with-china-rise\/\">&#8220;EU stockpiles rare earths as tensions with China rise&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Financial Post<\/em>. Reuters. September 6, 2011.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140719233436\/http:\/\/business.financialpost.com\/2011\/09\/06\/eu-stockpiles-rare-earths-as-tensions-with-china-rise\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved\u00a0September 7,\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-55\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2009\/09\/10\/business\/global\/10mineral.html?scp=10&amp;sq=brazil&amp;st=nyt\">&#8220;Canadian Firms Step Up Search for Rare-Earth Metals&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Times\">The New York Times<\/a><\/em>. Reuters. September 9, 2009.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220410095515\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2009\/09\/10\/business\/global\/10mineral.html?scp=10&amp;sq=brazil&amp;st=nyt\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Massari_56-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Massari, Stefania; Ruberti, Marcello (March 1, 2013). &#8220;Rare earth elements as critical raw materials: Focus on international markets and future strategies&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Resources Policy<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>38<\/strong>\u00a0(1):\u00a036\u201343.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2013RePol..38...36M\">2013RePol..38&#8230;36M<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.resourpol.2012.07.001\">10.1016\/j.resourpol.2012.07.001<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0301-4207\">0301-4207<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-57\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2014\/3078\/pdf\/fs2014-3078.pdf\">&#8220;The Rare-Earth Elements\u2014Vital to Modern Technologies and Lifestyles&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). United States Geological Survey. November 2014.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220119103001\/http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2014\/3078\/pdf\/fs2014-3078.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on January 19, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0March 13,\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-58\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/theanchorhouse.com\/\">&#8220;Cox C. 2008. Rare earth innovation. Herndon (VA): The Anchor House Inc;&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220708230509\/https:\/\/www.theanchorhouse.com\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on July 8, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0April 19,\u00a02008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-59\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/home\/en\">&#8220;Press corner&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>European Commission &#8211; European Commission<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0November 30,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-:170_60-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eib.org\/en\/stories\/critical-raw-materials-europe\">&#8220;Europe Must Get Serious About Critical Minerals&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>European Investment Bank<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 25,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Wikinvest_61-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Wikinvest_61-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Wikinvest_61-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Wikinvest_61-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Wikinvest_61-4\"><sup><em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wikinvest.com\/China%27s_Rare_Earth_Dominance\">China&#8217;s Rare Earth Dominance<\/a>, Wikinvest. Retrieved on 11 Aug 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-62\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Gambogi, Joseph (January 2018).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/minerals.usgs.gov\/minerals\/pubs\/commodity\/rare_earths\/mcs-2018-raree.pdf\">&#8220;Rare Earths&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em>Mineral Commodity Summaries<\/em>. U.S. Geological Survey. pp.\u00a0132\u2013133.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190125055346\/https:\/\/minerals.usgs.gov\/minerals\/pubs\/commodity\/rare_earths\/mcs-2018-raree.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on January 25, 2019. Retrieved\u00a0February 14,\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-63\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200806170453\/http:\/\/northernminerals.com.au\/browns-range\/overview\/\">&#8220;Overview&#8221;<\/a>. Northern Minerals Limited. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/northernminerals.com.au\/browns-range\/overview\/\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on August 6, 2020. Retrieved\u00a0April 21,\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-64\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Chao E. C. T., Back J. M., Minkin J., Tatsumoto M., Junwen W., Conrad J. E., McKee E. H., Zonglin H., Qingrun M.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/bul\/b2143\/\">&#8220;Sedimentary carbonate\u2010hosted giant Bayan Obo REE\u2010Fe\u2010Nb ore deposit of Inner Mongolia, China; a cornerstone example for giant polymetallic ore deposits of hydrothermal origin&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220120135314\/http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/bul\/b2143\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0January 20, 2022, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>. 1997. United States Geological Survey. 29 February 2008. Bulletin 2143.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-65\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Liu, Shuang-Liang; Fan, Hong-Rui; et\u00a0al. (June 1, 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.oregeorev.2023.105428\">&#8220;Global rare earth elements projects: New developments and supply chains&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Ore Geology Reviews<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>157<\/strong>\u00a0105428.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2023OGRv..15705428L\">2023OGRv..15705428L<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.oregeorev.2023.105428\">10.1016\/j.oregeorev.2023.105428<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0169-1368\">0169-1368<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-nyt20250602_66-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-nyt20250602_66-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/06\/02\/business\/china-rare-earths-united-states-supplies.html\">&#8220;U.S. Dependence on China for Rare Earth Magnets Is Causing Shortages&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_Times\">New York Times<\/a><\/em>. June 2, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0October 18,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-prodres1_67-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/investingnews.com\/daily\/resource-investing\/critical-metals-investing\/rare-earth-investing\/rare-earth-reserves-country\/\">Rare Earths Reserves: Top 8 Countries<\/a>, investingnews.com, 05 Feb 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-prodres2_68-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/investingnews.com\/daily\/resource-investing\/critical-metals-investing\/rare-earth-investing\/rare-earth-metal-production\/\">Top 10 Countries by Rare Earth Metal Production\u00a0<\/a>, investingnews.com, 25 Mar 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-69\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110726201410\/http:\/\/www.manufacturing.net\/article.aspx?id=215574\">&#8220;China To Limit Rare Earths Exports&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Manufacturing.net, 1 September 2009<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.manufacturing.net\/article.aspx?id=215574\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on July 26, 2011. Retrieved\u00a0August 30,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-70\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Ben Geman (October 19, 2009).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101021053554\/http:\/\/thehill.com\/blogs\/e2-wire\/677-e2-wire\/124853-china-to-cut-exports-of-rare-earth-minerals-vital-to-energy-tech\">&#8220;China to cut exports of &#8216;rare earth&#8217; minerals vital to energy tech&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Hill&#8217;s E<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0Wire<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/thehill.com\/blogs\/e2-wire\/677-e2-wire\/124853-china-to-cut-exports-of-rare-earth-minerals-vital-to-energy-tech\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on October 21, 2010. Retrieved\u00a0October 19,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-shine2025_71-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-shine2025_71-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Shine, Rhiannon (September 16, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2025-09-16\/china-rare-earths-monopoly-australia-alternative-supplier\/105748058\">&#8220;China has a &#8216;chokehold&#8217; on the rare earth supply chain. Could Australia offer an alternative?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ABC_News_(Australia)\">ABC News<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/7.30\">7.30<\/a>. Retrieved\u00a0September 21,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-72\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Tony Jin (January 18, 2011).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110213042905\/http:\/\/thechinaperspective.com\/articles\/china039srareearthexportssurgeinvalue8111\/index.html\">&#8220;China&#8217;s Rare Earth Exports Surge in Value&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The China Perspective<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/thechinaperspective.com\/articles\/china039srareearthexportssurgeinvalue8111\/index.html\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on February 13, 2011. Retrieved\u00a0January 19,\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-73\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zhang Qi; Ding Qingfen; Fu Jing (July 15, 2011).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110724114258\/http:\/\/www.chinadaily.com.cn\/bizchina\/2011-07\/15\/content_12910072.htm\">&#8220;Rare earths export quota unchanged&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>China Daily<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chinadaily.com.cn\/bizchina\/2011-07\/15\/content_12910072.htm\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on July 24, 2011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ReutersSept611_74-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ReutersSept611_74-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/china-rare-earth-idUSL3E7K620P20110906\">&#8220;China halts rare earth production at three mines&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>. September 6, 2011.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220410095530\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/china-rare-earth-idUSL3E7K620P20110906\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0September 7,\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-reuters_75-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/china-trade-eu-idUSL5E8ED6520120313\">&#8220;WRAPUP 4-US, EU, Japan take on China at WTO over rare earths&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>. March 13, 2017.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220626172529\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/china-trade-eu-idUSL5E8ED6520120313\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 26, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0February 10,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Distillations_76-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Distillations_76-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Distillations_76-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Distillations_76-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/distillations\/podcast\/rare-earths-the-hidden-cost-to-their-magic\">&#8220;Rare Earths: The Hidden Cost to Their Magic&#8221;, Distillations Podcast and transcript, Episode 242&#8243;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Science History Institute<\/em>. June 25, 2019.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190803101711\/https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/distillations\/podcast\/rare-earths-the-hidden-cost-to-their-magic\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on August 3, 2019. Retrieved\u00a0August 28,\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-77\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Kevin Voigt (August 8, 2012).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2012\/08\/08\/business\/china-rare-earth\/index.html?section=money_news_international\">&#8220;China cuts mines vital to tech industry&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>CNN<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210507144841\/https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2012\/08\/08\/business\/china-rare-earth\/index.html?section=money_news_international\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved\u00a0August 8,\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-78\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Tim Worstall (December 23, 2012).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.co.uk\/2012\/12\/23\/rare_earth_non_monopoly\/\">&#8220;El Reg man: Too bad, China \u2013 I was RIGHT about hoarding rare earths&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Register<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200201021147\/https:\/\/www.theregister.co.uk\/2012\/12\/23\/rare_earth_non_monopoly\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on February 1, 2020. Retrieved\u00a0February 10,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-WTI_79-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/jan\/05\/china-scraps-quotas-rare-earth-wto-complaint\">&#8220;China scraps quotas on rare earths after WTO complaint&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Guardian<\/em>. January 5, 2015.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615084158\/https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/jan\/05\/china-scraps-quotas-rare-earth-wto-complaint\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 15, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0January 5,\u00a02015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-WTO_80-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/tratop_e\/dispu_e\/cases_e\/ds431_e.htm\">&#8220;DS431: China \u2014 Measures Related to the Exportation of Rare Earths, Tungsten and Molybdenum&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Trade_Organization\">World Trade Organization<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220630141201\/https:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/tratop_e\/dispu_e\/cases_e\/ds431_e.htm\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0May 1,\u00a02014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-cicero2025_81-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-cicero2025_81-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0C\u00edcero, Jos\u00e9 (July 1, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/global-development\/2025\/jul\/01\/minerals-brazil-asbestos-miners-rare-earths-transition-mining\">&#8220;Brazil&#8217;s last asbestos miners are switching to rare earth minerals. Can they offer a brighter future?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Guardian<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-82\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220626125758\/https:\/\/seekingalpha.com\/article\/4267839-china-trade-invest-based-on-rare-earth-price-hikes\">&#8220;Invest Based On Rare Earth Price Hikes&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>seekingalpha.com<\/em>. June 3, 2019. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/seekingalpha.com\/article\/4267839-china-trade-invest-based-on-rare-earth-price-hikes\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on June 26, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0September 21,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-83\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0S. Burns (Feb. 16, 2021).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/agmetalminer.com\/2021\/02\/16\/rare-earths-are-the-next-geopolitical-chess-game\/\">&#8220;Rare earths are the next geopolitical chess game&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615124349\/https:\/\/agmetalminer.com\/2021\/02\/16\/rare-earths-are-the-next-geopolitical-chess-game\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0June 15, 2022, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>.\u00a0<em>MetalMiner.com<\/em>. Retrieved 25 February 2021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-84\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2025\/04\/15\/business\/china-trumps-trade-war-rare-earth-intl-hnk\/index.html\">&#8220;China has a powerful card to play in its fight against Trump&#8217;s trade war&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>CNN<\/em>. April 15, 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-bradsher_85-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-bradsher_85-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Bradsher, Keith (June 3, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/06\/03\/business\/rare-earth-metals-china.html\">&#8220;What to Know About China&#8217;s Halt of Rare Earth Exports&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Times\">The New York Times<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20251012074115\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/06\/03\/business\/rare-earth-metals-china.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on October 12, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0October 23,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-sherman2025_86-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-sherman2025_86-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-sherman2025_86-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-sherman2025_86-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Sherman, Natalie (October 21, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/cly9kvrdk2xo\">&#8220;US and Australia sign rare earths deal to counter China&#8217;s dominance&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC_News\">BBC News<\/a><\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0October 22,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-87\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/c1drqeev36qo\">&#8220;Why China curbing rare earth exports is a blow to the US&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>BBC News<\/em>. April 17, 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-88\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/china\/chinas-curbs-exports-strategic-minerals-2025-02-04\/\">&#8220;FACTBOX What strategic mineral exports has China restricted?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>. April 4, 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-89\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Verrender, Ian (October 23, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2025-10-23\/australia-us-join-china-in-race-to-bottom-on-rare-earth-prices\/105921278\">&#8220;The move to break China&#8217;s iron grip on world&#8217;s supply of critical minerals&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ABC_News_(Australia)\">ABC News (Australia)<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20251023013519\/https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2025-10-23\/australia-us-join-china-in-race-to-bottom-on-rare-earth-prices\/105921278\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on October 23, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0October 23,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-90\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2025-10-10\/china-rare-earth-exports-limited-further\/105874886\">&#8220;China further limits the export of rare earth materials and products&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ABC_News_(Australia)\">ABC News (Australia)<\/a><\/em>. October 10, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0October 23,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-91\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mindat.org\/loc-11616.html\">&#8220;Mountain Pass Mine&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mindat.org\">Mindat.org<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220909142430\/https:\/\/www.mindat.org\/loc-11616.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on September 9, 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Lasley-2022_92-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Lasley-2022_92-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Lasley, Shane (September 6, 2022).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metaltechnews.com\/story\/2022\/05\/25\/tech-metals\/elk-creek-deposit-proves-to-be-rare-earth\/947.html\">&#8220;Elk Creek deposit proves to be rare earth&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Metal Tech News<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220909141058\/https:\/\/www.metaltechnews.com\/story\/2022\/05\/25\/tech-metals\/elk-creek-deposit-proves-to-be-rare-earth\/947.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on September 9, 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-93\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/news.bloombergtax.com\/daily-tax-report-state\/mining-venture-draws-200-million-in-tax-incentives-and-red-flags\">&#8220;Mining Venture Draws $200 Million in Tax Incentives and Red Flags (1)&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>news.bloombergtax.com<\/em>. January 16, 2020.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220618141715\/https:\/\/news.bloombergtax.com\/daily-tax-report-state\/mining-venture-draws-200-million-in-tax-incentives-and-red-flags\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 18, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0December 1,\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-94\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.omaha.com\/money\/long-discussed-niobium-mine-in-southeast-nebraska-is-ready-to\/article_33913f7a-93fa-11e7-9144-8f1cad9c36eb.html\">&#8220;Long-discussed niobium mine in southeast Nebraska is ready to move forward, if it gathers $1 billion in financing&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200511210056\/https:\/\/www.omaha.com\/money\/long-discussed-niobium-mine-in-southeast-nebraska-is-ready-to\/article_33913f7a-93fa-11e7-9144-8f1cad9c36eb.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on May 11, 2020. Retrieved\u00a0May 18,\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-95\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210819204036\/http:\/\/niocorp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/NIoCorp_Corporate_Presentation.pdf\">&#8220;NioCorp Superalloy Materials The Elk Creek Superalloy Materials Project&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/niocorp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/NIoCorp_Corporate_Presentation.pdf\">the original<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0on August 19, 2021. Retrieved\u00a0May 18,\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-gwmg2006_96-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-gwmg2006_96-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Lunn, J. (2006).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080409121623\/http:\/\/www.gwmg.ca\/pdf\/Insinger_Report.pdf\">&#8220;Great western minerals&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). London: Insigner Beaufort Equity Research. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.gwmg.ca\/pdf\/Insinger_Report.pdf\">the original<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0on April 9, 2008. Retrieved\u00a0April 19,\u00a02008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-97\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ucore.com\/bokan\/\">&#8220;Bokan \u2013 Ucore Rare Metals Inc&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Ucore Rare Metals Inc<\/em>. October 10, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0October 23,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-98\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dnr.alaska.gov\/mlw\/mining\/large-mines\/bokan-dotson-ridge\/\">&#8220;Bokan-Dotson Ridge Project \u2013 Alaska Division of Mining, Land, and Water&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Alaska Department of Natural Resources<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0October 23,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-99\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/rareearthexchanges.com\/news\/rare-earths-as-a-diplomatic-bargaining-chip-fact-or-fiction\/\">&#8220;Fact or Fiction?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Rare Earth Exchanges<\/em>. August 13, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0October 23,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-100\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Maio, Pat (February 7, 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cowboystatedaily.com\/2024\/02\/07\/rare-earths-discovery-near-wheatland-so-big-it-could-be-world-leader\/\">&#8220;Rare Earths Discovery Near Wheatland So Big It Could Be World Leader&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>cowboystatedaily.com<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0February 15,\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-101\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Swanson, Ana (October 22, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/10\/22\/us\/politics\/china-trump-rare-earths.html\">&#8220;The U.S. Struggles to Break Out From China&#8217;s Grip on Rare Earths&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Times\">The New York Times<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20251023010207\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/10\/22\/us\/politics\/china-trump-rare-earths.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on October 23, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0October 23,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-barrett_102-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-barrett_102-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-barrett_102-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Barrett, Jonathan (October 21, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2025\/oct\/21\/australia-us-critical-minerals-rare-earths-deal-china-explainer\">&#8220;Australia and the US have signed a critical minerals deal to take on China&#8217;s monopoly. Here&#8217;s what you need to know&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Guardian\">The Guardian<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20251022071953\/https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2025\/oct\/21\/australia-us-critical-minerals-rare-earths-deal-china-explainer\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on October 22, 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-govtannounce_103-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-govtannounce_103-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.industry.gov.au\/publications\/united-states-australia-framework-securing-supply-mining-and-processing-critical-minerals-and-rare-earths\">&#8220;United States-Australia Framework for Securing of Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Department_of_Industry,_Science_and_Resources\">Department of Industry, Science and Resources<\/a><\/em>. October 21, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0October 22,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-:2_104-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/myanmar\/mining-03102022184456.html\">&#8220;Illegal rare earth mining harms environment in Myanmar&#8217;s Kachin state&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Radio Free Asia<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0March 27,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-105\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/periodicals\/mcs2024\/mcs2024-rare-earths.pdf\">&#8220;Rare Earths&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em>pubs.usgs.gov<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/U.S._Geological_Survey\">U.S. Geological Survey<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-106\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250307195952\/https:\/\/www.nasdaq.com\/articles\/rare-earths-reserves-top-8-countries\">&#8220;Rare Earths Reserves: Top 8 Countries | Nasdaq&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasdaq.com\/articles\/rare-earths-reserves-top-8-countries\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on March 7, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0August 28,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-:03_107-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230327184918\/https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/en\/press-releases\/new-evidence-shows-massive-and-rapid-expansion-illicit-rare-earths-industry-myanmar-fuelling-human-rights-abuses-environmental-destruction-and-funding-military-linked-militias\/\">&#8220;New evidence shows massive and rapid expansion of illicit rare earths industry in Myanmar, fuelling human rights abuses, environmental destruction and funding military-linked militias&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Global Witness<\/em>. August 9, 2022. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/en\/press-releases\/new-evidence-shows-massive-and-rapid-expansion-illicit-rare-earths-industry-myanmar-fuelling-human-rights-abuses-environmental-destruction-and-funding-military-linked-militias\/\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on March 27, 2023. Retrieved\u00a0March 27,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-:1_108-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-:1_108-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-:1_108-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-:1_108-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/en\/campaigns\/natural-resource-governance\/myanmars-poisoned-mountains\/\">&#8220;Myanmar&#8217;s poisoned mountains&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Global Witness<\/em>. August 9, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0March 27,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-109\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Makichuk, Dave (May 3, 2021).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/asiatimes.com\/2021\/05\/is-myanmars-junta-benefitting-from-rare-earth-boom\/\">&#8220;Is Myanmar&#8217;s junta benefiting from rare-earth boom?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Asia Times<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0March 27,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-casey2022_110-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Casey, JP (November 22, 2022).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mining-technology.com\/features\/australia-rare-earth-mines\/\">&#8220;Expansion and independence: Australia&#8217;s latest rare earth mines&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Mining Technology<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 14,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-biggestasx_111-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-biggestasx_111-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250818052928\/https:\/\/investingnews.com\/best-rare-earth-stocks-asx\">&#8220;Rare Earths Stocks: 5 Biggest ASX Companies&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Investing News Network (INN)<\/em>. August 13, 2025. Archived from the original on August 18, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0September 14,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-112\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Department_of_Industry,_Science_and_Resources\">Department of Industry, Science and Resources<\/a>\u00a0(Australia) (June 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.industry.gov.au\/publications\/critical-minerals-strategy-2023-2030\"><em>Critical Minerals Strategy 2023\u20132030<\/em><\/a>. Commonwealth Government.\u00a0Published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-icmp_113-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.industry.gov.au\/news\/40-million-international-critical-minerals-partnerships\">&#8220;$40 million for international critical minerals partnerships&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Department of Industry Science and Resources<\/em>. December 6, 2024. Retrieved\u00a0September 14,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-114\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pwc.com.au\/pwc-private\/r-and-d-gov-incentives\/grants\/funding-for-early-to-mid-stage-critical-minerals-projects.html\">&#8220;Funding for early to mid-stage critical minerals projects with international partners&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>PwC<\/em>. July 8, 2024. Retrieved\u00a0September 14,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-115\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100918165406\/http:\/\/www.ggg.gl\/Rare-Earth-Elements\/Rare-Earth-Elements-at-Kvanefjeld.htm\">&#8220;Rare Earth Elements at Kvanefjeld&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Greenland Minerals and Energy Ltd<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ggg.gl\/Rare-Earth-Elements\/Rare-Earth-Elements-at-Kvanefjeld.htm\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on September 18, 2010. Retrieved\u00a0November 10,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-116\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101118075404\/http:\/\/www.ggg.gl\/Projects\/New-Multi-Element-Targets-and-Overall-Resource-Potential.htm\">&#8220;New Multi-Element Targets and Overall Resource Potential&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Greenland Minerals and Energy Ltd<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ggg.gl\/Projects\/New-Multi-Element-Targets-and-Overall-Resource-Potential.htm\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on November 18, 2010. Retrieved\u00a0November 10,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-117\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Carol Matlack (February 10, 2013).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130213141927\/http:\/\/www.businessweek.com\/articles\/2013-02-10\/chinese-workers-in-greenland\">&#8220;Chinese Workers\u2014in Greenland?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Business Week<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.businessweek.com\/articles\/2013-02-10\/chinese-workers-in-greenland\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on February 13, 2013. Retrieved\u00a0March 9,\u00a02013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-118\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bomsdorf, Clemens (March 13, 2013).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424127887324077704578357792781721964\">&#8220;Greenland Votes to Get Tough on Investors&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Wall Street Journal<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201028082449\/https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424127887324077704578357792781721964\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved\u00a0February 10,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-zadeh2025_119-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-zadeh2025_119-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-zadeh2025_119-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Zadeh, John (June 24, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/discoveryalert.com.au\/news\/brazil-rare-earth-hotspot-2025-minerals-supply\/\">&#8220;Brazil&#8217;s Rare Earth Startups: Unlocking 23% of Global Reserves&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Discovery Alert<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-burton2024_120-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-burton2024_120-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Burton, Melanie; Teixeira, Fabio (June 18, 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/markets\/commodities\/brazil-joins-race-loosen-chinas-grip-rare-earths-industry-2024-06-17\/\">&#8220;Brazil joins race to loosen China&#8217;s grip on rare earths industry&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-butts2025_121-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-butts2025_121-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Butts, Dylan (June 13, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2025\/06\/13\/india-moves-to-tap-its-rare-earth-reserves-can-it-ease-reliance-on-china.html\">&#8220;India moves to tap its rare earth reserves. Experts say it could become an alternative to China&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>CNBC<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ndtv2025_122-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ndtv2025_122-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ndtv.com\/india-news\/india-has-8-52-million-tonnes-reserves-of-rare-earth-elements-minister-jitendra-singh-8931936\">&#8220;India Has 8.52 Million Tonnes Reserves Of Rare Earth Elements: Minister&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>www.ndtv.com<\/em>. July 23, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-123\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Singh, Gurvinder (August 28, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/economy\/2025\/8\/28\/how-rare-earth-shortages-are-stalling-indias-burgeoning-ev-sector\">&#8220;How rare earth shortages are stalling India&#8217;s burgeoning EV sector&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Al Jazeera<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-124\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Chaudhury, Saswata (May 20, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2025\/05\/how-india-is-reducing-dependence-on-china-for-rare-earth-minerals\/\">&#8220;How India Is Reducing Dependence on China for Rare Earth Minerals&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The Diplomat \u2013 Asia-Pacific Current Affairs Magazine<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-supply_deal_125-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-pacific-11661330\">&#8220;Rare earths supply deal between Japan and Vietnam&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>BBC News<\/em>. October 31, 2010.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220703011024\/https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-pacific-11661330\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on July 3, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0June 21,\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-126\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/english.aljazeera.net\/news\/asia-pacific\/2010\/10\/2010103191334878158.html\">&#8220;Vietnam signs major nuclear pacts&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network\">AlJazeera<\/a>. October 31, 2010. Retrieved\u00a0October 31,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-127\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0VnExpress.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/vnexpress.net\/gan-10-nam-chua-khai-thac-duoc-dat-hiem-4537518.html\">&#8220;G\u1ea7n 10 n\u0103m ch\u01b0a khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>vnexpress.net<\/em>\u00a0(in Vietnamese). Retrieved\u00a0December 24,\u00a02022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-128\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Smith, M. P.; Moore, K.; Kavecs\u00e1nszki, D.; Finch, A. A.; Kynicky, J.; Wall, F. (May 1, 2016).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1674987116000037\">&#8220;From mantle to critical zone: A review of large and giant sized deposits of the rare earth elements&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Geoscience Frontiers<\/em>. Special Issue: Giant Mineral Deposits.\u00a0<strong>7<\/strong>\u00a0(3):\u00a0315\u2013334.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2016GeoFr...7..315S\">2016GeoFr&#8230;7..315S<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.gsf.2015.12.006\">10.1016\/j.gsf.2015.12.006<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1674-9871\">1674-9871<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-lemonde2023_129-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-lemonde2023_129-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Caramel, Laurence (August 19, 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/en\/le-monde-africa\/article\/2023\/08\/19\/madagascar-s-thwarted-rush-for-rare-earths_6099084_124.html\">&#8220;Madagascar&#8217;s thwarted rush for rare earths&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Le_Monde\">Le Monde<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20240209174001\/https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/en\/le-monde-africa\/article\/2023\/08\/19\/madagascar-s-thwarted-rush-for-rare-earths_6099084_124.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on February 9, 2024. Retrieved\u00a0September 13,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-feffer2023_130-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Feffer, John (April 19, 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fpif.org\/madagascar-and-the-new-frontiers-of-sacrifice-zones\/\">&#8220;Madagascar and the New Frontiers of Sacrifice Zones&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Foreign Policy In Focus<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250612000554\/https:\/\/fpif.org\/madagascar-and-the-new-frontiers-of-sacrifice-zones\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 12, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0September 14,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-harena_131-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/harenaresources.com.au\/ampasindava-rare-earths-project\/\">&#8220;Ampasindava Rare Earths Project&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Harena Resources<\/em>. August 7, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0September 13,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-132\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090331102738\/http:\/\/www.gwmg.ca\/projects\/hoidas-lake\">&#8220;Hoidas Lake, Saskatchewan&#8221;<\/a>. Great Western Mineral Group Ltd. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.gwmg.ca\/projects\/hoidas-lake\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on March 31, 2009. Retrieved\u00a0September 24,\u00a02008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Cbc2013-11-04_133-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/north\/federal-minister-approves-n-w-t-rare-earth-mine-1.2356245\">&#8220;Federal minister approves N.W.T. rare earth mine&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CBC_News\">CBC News<\/a>. November 4, 2013.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220622012302\/https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/north\/federal-minister-approves-n-w-t-rare-earth-mine-1.2356245\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 22, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0November 5,\u00a02013.\u00a0<q>It follows the recommendation from the Mackenzie Valley Environmental Review Board in July, and marks a major milestone in the company&#8217;s effort to turn the project into an operating mine. Avalon claims Nechalacho is &#8220;the most advanced large heavy rare earth development project in the world&#8221;.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-134\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.today\/20120723024000\/http:\/\/www.brightwire.com\/news\/207869-japan-discovers-domestic-rare-earths-reserve\">&#8220;Japan Discovers Domestic Rare Earths Reserve&#8221;<\/a>. BrightWire. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.brightwire.com\/news\/207869-japan-discovers-domestic-rare-earths-reserve\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on July 23, 2012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-135\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bradsher, Keith (March 8, 2011).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/03\/09\/business\/energy-environment\/09rare.html?ref=science\">&#8220;Taking a Risk for Rare Earths&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The New York Times<\/em>. (March 9, 2011 p. B1 NY ed.).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615115941\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/03\/09\/business\/energy-environment\/09rare.html?ref=science\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 15, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0March 9,\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-136\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201204084605\/https:\/\/pengguna.org.my\/index.php\/pembangunan\/alam-sekitar\/768-kronologi-peristiwa-di-kilang-nadir-bumi-bukit-merah\">&#8220;Kronologi Peristiwa di Kilang Nadir Bumi, Bukit Merah&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0[Chronology of Events at the Rare Earth Factory, Red Hill] (in Malay). Penang Consumer Association. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pengguna.org.my\/index.php\/pembangunan\/alam-sekitar\/768-kronologi-peristiwa-di-kilang-nadir-bumi-bukit-merah\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on December 4, 2020. Retrieved\u00a0August 26,\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-NYT01_137-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-NYT01_137-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Bradsher, Keith (March 8, 2011).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/03\/09\/business\/energy-environment\/09rareside.html\">&#8220;Mitsubishi Quietly Cleans Up Its Former Refinery&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Times\">The New York Times<\/a><\/em>. (March 9, 2011 p. B4 NY ed.).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161229042639\/http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/03\/09\/business\/energy-environment\/09rareside.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on December 29, 2016. Retrieved\u00a0March 9,\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-B01_138-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-B01_138-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Coleman, Murray (June 30, 2011).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110703100420\/http:\/\/blogs.barrons.com\/focusonfunds\/2011\/06\/30\/rare-earth-metals-etf-soars-as-plans-to-break-chinas-hold-suffer-setback\/\">&#8220;Rare Earth ETF Jumps As Plans To Break China&#8217;s Hold Suffer Setback&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Barron&#8217;s<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.barrons.com\/focusonfunds\/2011\/06\/30\/rare-earth-metals-etf-soars-as-plans-to-break-chinas-hold-suffer-setback\/\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on July 3, 2011. Retrieved\u00a0June 30,\u00a02011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-139\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20111112121737\/http:\/\/www.iaea.org\/newscenter\/news\/pdf\/lynas-report2011.pdf\"><em>Report of the International Review Mission on the Radiation Safety Aspects of a Proposed Rare Earths Processing Facility (Lynas Project)<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(PDF). (29 May \u2013 3 June 2011). International Atomic Energy Agency. 2011. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iaea.org\/newscenter\/news\/pdf\/lynas-report2011.pdf\">the original<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0on November 12, 2011. Retrieved\u00a0February 15,\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-MI_20140902_140-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Ng, Eileen (September 2, 2014).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140904034335\/http:\/\/www.themalaysianinsider.com\/malaysia\/article\/lynas-gets-full-operating-licence-before-tol-expiry-date\">&#8220;Lynas gets full operating licence before TOL expiry date&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malaysian_Insider\">Malaysian Insider<\/a><\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.themalaysianinsider.com\/malaysia\/article\/lynas-gets-full-operating-licence-before-tol-expiry-date\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on September 4, 2014. Retrieved\u00a0September 3,\u00a02014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-141\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.freemalaysiatoday.com\/category\/nation\/2024\/11\/17\/govt-targets-domestic-ree-processing-within-3-years\/\">&#8220;Govt targets domestic REE processing within 3 years&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Free Malaysia Today | FMT<\/em>. November 17, 2024. Retrieved\u00a0November 18,\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-142\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.freemalaysiatoday.com\/category\/nation\/2020\/12\/03\/no-rare-earth-mining-without-technical-approvals-says-energy-and-natural-resources-ministry\/\">&#8220;Ministry pours cold water on Kedah&#8217;s rare earth mining plans&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Free Malaysia Today<\/em>. December 3, 2020. Retrieved\u00a0November 18,\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-143\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rahman, Noorazura Abdul (October 17, 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nst.com.my\/news\/nation\/2024\/10\/1121241\/ngo-claims-logging-activities-behind-kedahs-worsening-floods\">&#8220;NGO claims logging activities behind Kedah&#8217;s worsening floods&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Straits_Times\">New Straits Times<\/a><\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0November 18,\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Petrov_144-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Petrov, Leonid (August 8, 2012).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120808102430\/http:\/\/atimes.com\/atimes\/Korea\/NH08Dg01.html\">&#8220;Rare earths bankroll North Korea&#8217;s future&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Asia Times<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.atimes.com\/atimes\/Korea\/NH08Dg01.html\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on August 8, 2012. Retrieved\u00a0October 22,\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-145\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.voakorea.com\/a\/north-korea-rare-earth\/1966603.html\">&#8220;\ubd81\ud55c, \uc62c 5~6\uc6d4 \ud76c\ud1a0\ub958 \uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0[North Korea Rare Earth exports to China increased significantly from May to June].\u00a0<em>voakorea.com<\/em>\u00a0(in Korean). July 28, 2014.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190330104756\/https:\/\/www.voakorea.com\/a\/north-korea-rare-earth\/1966603.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved\u00a0February 10,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-146\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Meredith, Sam (June 11, 2024).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2024\/06\/11\/norway-discovers-europes-largest-deposit-of-rare-earth-metals.html\">&#8220;Norway discovers Europe&#8217;s largest deposit of rare earth metals&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>CNBC<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0June 12,\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-147\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Casey, Jessica, ed. (February 5, 2022).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalminingreview.com\/finance-business\/15022022\/monoceros-mineral-resources-invests-in-steenkampskraal-rare-earths\/\">&#8220;Monoceros Mineral Resources invests in Steenkampskraal Rare Earths&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Global Mining Review<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-148\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.steenkampskraal.com\/\">&#8220;Rare Earth Mine based in South Africa&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Steenkampskraal Rare Earths Mine<\/em>. August 26, 2024.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250612230248\/https:\/\/www.steenkampskraal.com\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 12, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0September 21,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-hidayat_149-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Hidayat, Muflih (September 16, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/discoveryalert.com.au\/news\/idc-funding-steenkampskraal-south-africa-rare-earths-2025\/\">&#8220;IDC Funding Launches South Africa&#8217;s Strategic Rare Earths Project&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Discovery Alert<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250921031919\/https:\/\/discoveryalert.com.au\/news\/idc-funding-steenkampskraal-south-africa-rare-earths-2025\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on September 21, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0September 21,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-150\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.steenkampskraal.com\/the-mine-overview\/\">&#8220;About The Mine&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Steenkampskraal Rare Earths Mine<\/em>. August 27, 2024.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250921031529\/https:\/\/www.steenkampskraal.com\/the-mine-overview\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on September 21, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0September 21,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-151\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elmundo.es\/cronica\/2019\/05\/24\/5ce58be121efa0e77f8b4651.html\">&#8220;Hay tierras raras aqu\u00ed y est\u00e1n&#8230; en un lugar de La Mancha&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>ELMUNDO<\/em>\u00a0(in Spanish). May 24, 2019.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220623164720\/https:\/\/www.elmundo.es\/cronica\/2019\/05\/24\/5ce58be121efa0e77f8b4651.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 23, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0May 24,\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-152\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/markets\/commodities\/swedens-lkab-finds-europes-biggest-deposit-rare-earth-metals-2023-01-12\/\">&#8220;Sweden&#8217;s LKAB finds Europe&#8217;s biggest deposit of rare-earth metals&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>. January 13, 2023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-153\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/ATAG\/2022\/733586\/EPRS_ATA(2022)733586_EN.pdf\">&#8220;Securing the EU&#8217;s supply of critical raw materials&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-154\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.asx.com.au\/asxpdf\/20120229\/pdf\/424pl5vn67q4h0.pdf\">&#8220;Maiden Resource, Ngualla Rare Earth Project&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em>ASX Release<\/em>. Peak Resources. February 29, 2012.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120416073235\/http:\/\/www.asx.com.au\/asxpdf\/20120229\/pdf\/424pl5vn67q4h0.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on April 16, 2012. Retrieved\u00a0April 11,\u00a02012.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-155\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/stories\/2024\/07\/the-future-of-critical-raw-materials-how-ukraine-plays-a-strategic-role-in-global-supply-chains\/\">&#8220;The future of critical raw materials in Ukraine and the world&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>World Economic Forum<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250308143300\/https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/stories\/2024\/07\/the-future-of-critical-raw-materials-how-ukraine-plays-a-strategic-role-in-global-supply-chains\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on March 8, 2025. Retrieved\u00a0March 18,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-156\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.geo.gov.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/presentations\/en\/investment-opportunities-in-exploration-production-strategic-and-critical-minerals.pdf\">&#8220;UKRAINE: Mining Investment Opportunities Critical Raw Materials&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-157\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pensana.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/RNS-REACH-Pensana-to-provide-magnet-metal-rare-earths-to-electric-vehicle-and-offshore-wind-OEMs_18August-2022-003.pdf\">&#8220;Building an independent and sustainable supply of magnet metal rare earths for the Electric Vehicle and Offshore Wind OEMs&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Pensana Plc. August 18, 2022.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220909152152\/https:\/\/pensana.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/RNS-REACH-Pensana-to-provide-magnet-metal-rare-earths-to-electric-vehicle-and-offshore-wind-OEMs_18August-2022-003.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on September 9, 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Arnoldi_158-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Arnoldi, Marleny (May 25, 2022).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.miningweekly.com\/article\/pensana-confirms-494m-capital-cost-for-its-saltend-longonjo-operations-2022-05-25\">&#8220;Pensana confirms $494m capital cost for its Saltend, Longonjo operations&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Mining Weekly<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220712220855\/https:\/\/www.miningweekly.com\/article\/pensana-confirms-494m-capital-cost-for-its-saltend-longonjo-operations-2022-05-25\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on July 12, 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-159\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pensana.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Pensana-Plc-RNS-Saltend-Ground-Breaking-22-July-2022-1.pdf\">&#8220;Pensana breaks ground at Saltend and secures ATF funding&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0<em>Pensana PLC<\/em>. July 22, 2022.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220722105048\/https:\/\/pensana.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Pensana-Plc-RNS-Saltend-Ground-Breaking-22-July-2022-1.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on July 22, 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-160\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/news\/uks-first-magnet-refinery-given-huge-financial-boost-as-first-ever-strategy-for-supply-of-critical-minerals-published\">&#8220;UK&#8217;s first magnet refinery given huge financial boost as first ever strategy for supply of critical minerals published&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>GOV.UK<\/em>. July 22, 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-161\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rofer, Cheryl K.; T\u00f5nis Kaasik (2000).\u00a0<em>Turning a Problem Into a Resource: Remediation and Waste Management at the Sillam\u00e4e Site, Estonia<\/em>. Volume 28 of NATO science series: Disarmament technologies. Springer. p.\u00a0229.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-7923-6187-9\"><bdi>978-0-7923-6187-9<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-162\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Anneli Reigas (November 30, 2010).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120513001130\/https:\/\/www.google.com\/hostednews\/afp\/article\/ALeqM5itXbI57zv-lwfcaFdBdh7UZXuVuA?docId=CNG.a00f68010092a06189a0276c763e93a4.141\">&#8220;Estonia&#8217;s rare earth break China&#8217;s market grip&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>AFP<\/em>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/hostednews\/afp\/article\/ALeqM5itXbI57zv-lwfcaFdBdh7UZXuVuA?docId=CNG.a00f68010092a06189a0276c763e93a4.141\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on May 13, 2012. Retrieved\u00a0December 1,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-163\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Cone, Tracie (July 21, 2013).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/money\/business\/2013\/07\/21\/gold-rush-era-discards-could-fuel-cellphones-tvs\/2572761\/\">&#8220;Gold Rush Trash is Information Age Treasure&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>USA Today<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615124340\/https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/money\/business\/2013\/07\/21\/gold-rush-era-discards-could-fuel-cellphones-tvs\/2572761\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 15, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0July 21,\u00a02013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-164\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/asia.nikkei.com\/Japan-Update\/Seabed-offers-brighter-hope-in-rare-earth-hunt\">&#8220;Seabed offers brighter hope in rare-earth hunt&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Nikkei Asian Review<\/em>. Nikkei Inc. November 25, 2014.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161220114144\/http:\/\/asia.nikkei.com\/Japan-Update\/Seabed-offers-brighter-hope-in-rare-earth-hunt\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved\u00a0December 11,\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-165\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/en\/utokyo-research\/research-news\/discovery-of-rare-earths-around-minami-torishima\/\">&#8220;Discovery of rare earths around Minami-Torishima&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>UTokyo Research<\/em>. University of Tokyo. May 2, 2013.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180620002602\/https:\/\/www.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/en\/utokyo-research\/research-news\/discovery-of-rare-earths-around-minami-torishima\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 20, 2018. Retrieved\u00a0December 11,\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-166\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zhi Li, Ling; Yang, Xiaosheng (September 4, 2014).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eurare.eu\/docs\/eres2014\/firstSession\/XiaoshengYang.pdf\"><em>China&#8217;s rare earth ore deposits and beneficiation techniques<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(PDF). 1st European Rare Earth Resources Conference. Milos, Greece: European Commission for the &#8216;Development of a sustainable exploitation scheme for Europe&#8217;s Rare Earth ore deposits&#8217;.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200119193604\/http:\/\/www.eurare.eu\/docs\/eres2014\/firstSession\/XiaoshengYang.pdf\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0from the original on January 19, 2020. Retrieved\u00a0December 11,\u00a02016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-167\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Um, Namil (July 2017).\u00a0<em>Hydrometallurgical recovery process of rare-earth elements from waste: main application of acid leaching with devised diagram<\/em>. INTECH. pp.\u00a041\u201360.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-953-51-3401-5\"><bdi>978-953-51-3401-5<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-168\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170729112611\/http:\/\/www.recyclinginternational.com\/recycling-news\/6976\/research-and-legislation\/belgium\/new-liquid-extraction-frontier-rare-earths\">&#8220;New liquid extraction frontier for rare earths?&#8221;<\/a>. Recycling International. March 26, 2013. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.recyclinginternational.com\/recycling-news\/6976\/research-and-legislation\/belgium\/new-liquid-extraction-frontier-rare-earths\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on July 29, 2017. Retrieved\u00a0February 10,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-169\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hiroko_Tabuchi\">Tabuchi, Hiroko<\/a>\u00a0(October 5, 2010).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/10\/05\/business\/global\/05recycle.html\">&#8220;Japan Recycles Minerals From Used Electronics&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Times\">The New York Times<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220622084534\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/10\/05\/business\/global\/05recycle.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 22, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0February 25,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-170\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140421050640\/http:\/\/www.rhodia.com\/en\/news_center\/news_releases\/Recycle_rare_earths_031011.tcm\">&#8220;Rhodia to recycle rare earths from magnets&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Solvay \u2014 Rhodia<\/em>. October 3, 2011. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rhodia.com\/en\/news_center\/news_releases\/Recycle_rare_earths_031011.tcm\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on April 21, 2014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-171\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.recyclinginternational.com\/recycling-news\/3948\/e-waste-and-batteries\/france\/rhodia-expands-rare-earth-recycling-reach\">&#8220;Rhodia expands rare earth recycling reach&#8221;<\/a>. Recycling International. October 11, 2011.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170729112600\/http:\/\/www.recyclinginternational.com\/recycling-news\/3948\/e-waste-and-batteries\/france\/rhodia-expands-rare-earth-recycling-reach\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on July 29, 2017. Retrieved\u00a0February 10,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-172\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Sorokin, Anatoliy P; Konyushok, Andrey A; Ageev, Oleg A; Zarubina, Natalia V; Ivanov, Vladimir V; Wang, Jinxi (2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177%2F0144598719862416\">&#8220;Distribution of rare earth and selected trace elements in combustion products of Yerkovetskoe brown coal deposit (Amur Region, Russia)&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Energy Exploration &amp; Exploitation<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>37<\/strong>\u00a0(6):\u00a01721\u20131736.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2019EExEx..37.1721S\">2019EExEx..37.1721S<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177%2F0144598719862416\">10.1177\/0144598719862416<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0144-5987\">0144-5987<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/JSTOR_(identifier)\">JSTOR<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/26785615\">26785615<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-173\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Wencai Zhang; Mohammad Rezaee; Abhijit Bhagavatula; Yonggai Li; John Groppo; Rick Honaker (2015). &#8220;A Review of the Occurrence and Promising Recovery Methods of Rare Earth Elements from Coal and Coal By-Products&#8221;.\u00a0<em>International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>35<\/strong>\u00a0(6):\u00a0295\u2013330.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2015IJCPU..35..295Z\">2015IJCPU..35..295Z<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F19392699.2015.1033097\">10.1080\/19392699.2015.1033097<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:128509001\">128509001<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-zhou2017_174-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-zhou2017_174-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Zhou, Baolu; Li, Zhongxue; Chen, Congcong (October 25, 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fmin7110203\">&#8220;Global Potential of Rare Earth Resources and Rare Earth Demand from Clean Technologies&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Minerals<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>7<\/strong>\u00a0(11): 203.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2017Mine....7..203Z\">2017Mine&#8230;.7..203Z<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fmin7110203\">10.3390\/min7110203<\/a>.\u00a0<q>See production in Figure 1 on page 2<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-USGS2019_175-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-USGS2019_175-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/centers\/nmic\/mineral-commodity-summaries\">&#8220;Mineral Commodity Summaries 2019&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Mineral Commodity Summaries<\/em>. 2019. p.\u00a0132.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3133%2F70202434\">10.3133\/70202434<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:239335855\">239335855<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180629183108\/https:\/\/minerals.usgs.gov\/minerals\/pubs\/mcs\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 29, 2018. Retrieved\u00a0June 26,\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-zadehguide2025_176-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-zadehguide2025_176-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-zadehguide2025_176-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-zadehguide2025_176-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Zadeh, John (July 28, 2025).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/discoveryalert.com.au\/news\/rare-earth-elements-importance-strategic-applications-2025\/\">&#8220;Complete Guide to All 17 Rare Earth Elements Ranked&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Discovery Alert<\/em>. Retrieved\u00a0September 15,\u00a02025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ll_177-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ll_177-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ll_177-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-ll_177-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Lucas, Jacques; Lucas, Pierre; Le Mercier, Thierry; Rollat, Alain; Davenport, William (2015).\u00a0<em>Rare Earths: Science, Technology, Production and Use<\/em>. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp.\u00a07\u20139,\u00a0231\u2013249.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-444-62735-3\"><bdi>978-0-444-62735-3<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-178\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Minelly, J.D. (1998). Hewak, Dan (ed.).\u00a0<em>Spectroscopy of neodymium-doped silica in Properties, Processing and Applications of Glass and Rare Earth-Doped Glasses for Optical Fibres<\/em>. London: The Institution of Electrical Engineers. pp.\u00a048\u201351.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/0-85296-952-X\"><bdi>0-85296-952-X<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-179\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bjarklev, A.; Dyndgaard, M.G.; Berendt, M.O.; Broeng, J.; Dridi, K.; Philipsen, J.L. (1998). Hewak, Dan (ed.).\u00a0<em>Spectroscopy of erbium-doped silica in Properties, Processing and Applications of Glass and Rare Earth-Doped Glasses for Optical Fibres<\/em>. London: The Institution of Electrical Engineers. pp.\u00a043\u201347.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/0-85296-952-X\"><bdi>0-85296-952-X<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-180\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/F._J._Duarte\">F. J. Duarte<\/a>\u00a0(Ed.),\u00a0<em>Tunable Lasers Handbook<\/em>\u00a0(Academic, New York, 1995).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-181\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<em>Environmental Technologies to Treat Rare Earth Element Pollution: Principles and Engineering<\/em>. IWA Publishing. 2022. p.\u00a0103.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-1-78906-223-6\"><bdi>978-1-78906-223-6<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-182\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Alibo, Dia Sotto; Nozaki, Yoshiyuki (February 1, 1999).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0016703798002798\">&#8220;Rare earth elements in seawater: particle association, shale-normalization, and Ce oxidation&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>63<\/strong>\u00a0(3):\u00a0363\u2013372.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/1999GeCoA..63..363S\">1999GeCoA..63..363S<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2FS0016-7037%2898%2900279-8\">10.1016\/S0016-7037(98)00279-8<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0016-7037\">0016-7037<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Pang_183-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Pang_183-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Pang, Xin; Li, Decheng; Peng, An (March 1, 2002).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ir.rcees.ac.cn\/handle\/311016\/23951\">&#8220;Application of rare-earth elements in the agriculture of China and its environmental behavior in soil&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Environmental Science and Pollution Research<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>9<\/strong>\u00a0(2):\u00a0143\u20138.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2002ESPR....9..143P\">2002ESPR&#8230;.9..143P<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2FBF02987462\">10.1007\/BF02987462<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0944-1344\">0944-1344<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12008295\">12008295<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:11359274\">11359274<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220623071752\/https:\/\/ir.rcees.ac.cn\/handle\/311016\/23951\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 23, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0July 29,\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Kyung_184-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Kyung_184-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Kyung_184-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Kyung_184-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Rim, Kyung-Taek (September 1, 2016). &#8220;Effects of rare earth elements on the environment and human health: A literature review&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>8<\/strong>\u00a0(3):\u00a0189\u2013200.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2016TxEHS...8..189R\">2016TxEHS&#8230;8..189R<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs13530-016-0276-y\">10.1007\/s13530-016-0276-y<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2005-9752\">2005-9752<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:17407586\">17407586<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Ali_123%E2%80%93134_185-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Ali_123%E2%80%93134_185-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Ali, Saleem H. (February 13, 2014).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fresources3010123\">&#8220;Social and Environmental Impact of the Rare Earth Industries&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Resources<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>3<\/strong>\u00a0(1):\u00a0123\u2013134.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2014Resou...3..123A\">2014Resou&#8230;3..123A<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fresources3010123\">10.3390\/resources3010123<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-186\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Mills, Mark P.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.forbes.com\/markpmills\/2011\/01\/01\/techs-mineral-infrastructure-time-to-emulate-chinas-rare-earth-policies\/\">&#8220;Tech&#8217;s Mineral Infrastructure\u00a0\u2013 Time to Emulate China&#8217;s Rare Earth Policies.&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110526090822\/https:\/\/blogs.forbes.com\/markpmills\/2011\/01\/01\/techs-mineral-infrastructure-time-to-emulate-chinas-rare-earth-policies\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0May 26, 2011, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Forbes\">Forbes<\/a><\/em>, 1 January 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-187\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Barakos, G; Gutzmer, J; Mischo, H (2016).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jsm.2016.05.002\">&#8220;Strategic evaluations and mining process optimization towards a strong global REE supply chain&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Journal of Sustainable Mining<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>15<\/strong>\u00a0(1):\u00a026\u201335.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2016JSMin..15...26B\">2016JSMin..15&#8230;26B<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jsm.2016.05.002\">10.1016\/j.jsm.2016.05.002<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-188\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/v\/valuechain.asp\">&#8220;Value Chain&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Investopedia<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220610222900\/https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/v\/valuechain.asp\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 10, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0September 26,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-189\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Dian L. Chu (November 11, 2010).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/seventeen-metals-the-middle-east-has-oil-china-has-rare-earth-2011-1\">&#8220;Seventeen Metals: &#8216;The Middle East has oil, China has rare earth'&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Business Insider<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220624033304\/https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/seventeen-metals-the-middle-east-has-oil-china-has-rare-earth-2011-1\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 24, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0September 27,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-190\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Cox, C. (November 16, 2006).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080421031137\/http:\/\/theanchorhouse.com\/2006\/11\/\">&#8220;Rare earth innovation: the silent shift to China&#8221;<\/a>. The Anchor House, Inc. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/theanchorhouse.com\/2006\/11\/\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on April 21, 2008. Retrieved\u00a0February 29,\u00a02008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-nytimes_191-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bradsher, Keith (September 22, 2010).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/09\/23\/business\/global\/23rare.html?_r=1&amp;partner=rss&amp;emc=rss\">&#8220;Amid Tension, China Blocks Vital Exports to Japan&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The New York Times<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220423200732\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/09\/23\/business\/global\/23rare.html?_r=1&amp;partner=rss&amp;emc=rss\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on April 23, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0September 22,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-wsjs_192-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0James T. Areddy, David Fickling And Norihiko Shirouzu (September 23, 2010).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424052748704062804575509640345070222?mod=WSJ_hps_LEFTTopStories\">&#8220;China Denies Halting Rare-Earth Exports to Japan&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Wall Street Journal<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615124340\/https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424052748704062804575509640345070222?mod=WSJ_hps_LEFTTopStories\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 15, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0September 22,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-193\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/finance\/newsbysector\/industry\/mining\/7970872\/Backlash-over-China-curb-on-metal-exports.html\">Backlash over the alleged China curb on metal exports<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180415150316\/https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/finance\/newsbysector\/industry\/mining\/7970872\/Backlash-over-China-curb-on-metal-exports.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0April 15, 2018, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>,\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daily_Telegraph\">Daily Telegraph<\/a><\/em>, London, 29 Aug 2010. Retrieved 2010-08-30.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-194\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/finance-and-economics\/2010\/09\/02\/digging-in\">&#8220;Rare earths: Digging in&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Economist\">The Economist<\/a><\/em>\u00a0September 2, 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-NYT_195-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-NYT_195-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Keith_Bradsher\">Bradsher, Keith<\/a>\u00a0(October 29, 2010).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/10\/30\/business\/global\/30rare.html\">&#8220;After China&#8217;s Rare Earth Embargo, a New Calculus&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>The New York Times<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220625155338\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/10\/30\/business\/global\/30rare.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 25, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0October 30,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-196\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/blogs\/babbage\/2010\/09\/rare-earth_metals\">&#8220;The Difference Engine: More precious than gold&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180423192601\/https:\/\/www.economist.com\/blogs\/babbage\/2010\/09\/rare-earth_metals\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0April 23, 2018, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Economist\">The Economist<\/a><\/em>\u00a0September 17, 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-auto2_197-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-auto2_197-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/journalistsresource.org\/studies\/government\/international\/usgs-china-rare-earth-industry\">&#8220;US Geological Survey: China&#8217;s Rare-Earth Industry&#8221;<\/a>. Journalist&#8217;s Resource.org. July 18, 2011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-198\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Simpson, S. (October 2011). &#8220;Afghanistan&#8217;s Buried Riches&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Scientific American<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-199\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Trakimavicius, Lukas (February 25, 2021).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/energypost.eu\/eu-u-s-exploring-new-sources-of-rare-earth-minerals-should-china-limit-exports\/\">&#8220;EU, U.S. exploring new sources of Rare Earth Minerals, should China limit exports&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Energy Post<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220215100817\/https:\/\/energypost.eu\/eu-u-s-exploring-new-sources-of-rare-earth-minerals-should-china-limit-exports\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on February 15, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0February 25,\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-:0_200-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-:0_200-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Overland, Indra (March 1, 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.erss.2018.10.018\">&#8220;The geopolitics of renewable energy: Debunking four emerging myths&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Energy Research &amp; Social Science<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>49<\/strong>:\u00a036\u201340.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2019ERSS...49...36O\">2019ERSS&#8230;49&#8230;36O<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.erss.2018.10.018\">10.1016\/j.erss.2018.10.018<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hdl_(identifier)\">hdl<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/11250%2F2579292\">11250\/2579292<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2214-6296\">2214-6296<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-rizk_201-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rizk, Shirley (June 21, 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eib.org\/en\/stories\/digital-footprint\">&#8220;What colour is the cloud?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>European Investment Bank<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210414035732\/https:\/\/www.eib.org\/en\/stories\/digital-footprint\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved\u00a0September 17,\u00a02020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-standaert_202-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-standaert_202-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Standaert, Michael (July 2, 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/e360.yale.edu\/features\/china-wrestles-with-the-toxic-aftermath-of-rare-earth-mining\">&#8220;China Wrestles with the Toxic Aftermath of Rare Earth Mining&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Yale Environment 360<\/em>. Yale School of the Environment.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220709042527\/https:\/\/e360.yale.edu\/features\/china-wrestles-with-the-toxic-aftermath-of-rare-earth-mining\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on July 9, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0June 16,\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-203\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0CHO, RENEE (April 5, 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/news.climate.columbia.edu\/2023\/04\/05\/the-energy-transition-will-need-more-rare-earth-elements-can-we-secure-them-sustainably\/\">&#8220;The Energy Transition Will Need More Rare Earth Elements. Can We Secure Them Sustainably?&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>State of the planet<\/em>. Columbia Climate School. Retrieved\u00a0September 27,\u00a02023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Volokh_204-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Volokh_204-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Volokh_204-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Volokh, A. A.; Gorbunov, A. V.; Gundorina, S. F.; Revich, B. A.; Frontasyeva, M. V.; Chen Sen Pal (June 1, 1990). &#8220;Phosphorus fertilizer production as a source of rare-earth elements pollution of the environment&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Science of the Total Environment<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>95<\/strong>:\u00a0141\u2013148.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/1990ScTEn..95..141V\">1990ScTEn..95..141V<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2F0048-9697%2890%2990059-4\">10.1016\/0048-9697(90)90059-4<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0048-9697\">0048-9697<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/2169646\">2169646<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-205\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bourzac, Katherine.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/energy\/26655\/?p1=MstCom\">&#8220;Can the US Rare-Earth Industry Rebound?&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120514220351\/http:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/energy\/26655\/?p1=MstCom\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0May 14, 2012, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>\u00a0<em>Technology Review<\/em>. October 29, 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-206\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/about-cancer\/causes-prevention\/risk\/substances\/thorium\">&#8220;Thorium &#8211; Cancer-Causing Substances &#8211; NCI&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>www.cancer.gov<\/em>. March 20, 2015. Retrieved\u00a0February 14,\u00a02024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-207\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110725170447\/http:\/\/www.chinamining.org\/News\/2010-05-21\/1274404411d36358.html\">&#8220;Govt cracks whip on rare earth mining&#8221;<\/a>. China Mining Association. May 21, 2010. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chinamining.org\/News\/2010-05-21\/1274404411d36358.html\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on July 25, 2011. Retrieved\u00a0June 3,\u00a02010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-208\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lee Yong-tim (February 22, 2008).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/china_pollution-20080222.html\">&#8220;South China Villagers Slam Pollution From Rare Earth Mine&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Radio Free Asia<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220420055708\/https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/china_pollution-20080222.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on April 20, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0March 16,\u00a02008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-209\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Pereao, Omoniyi; Bode-Aluko, Chris; Fatoba, Olanrewaju; Laatikaine, Katri; Petrik, Leslie (2018).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/328637201\">&#8220;Rare earth elements removal techniques from water\/wastewater: a review&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Desalination and Water Treatment<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>130<\/strong>:\u00a071\u201386.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2018DWatT.130...71P\">2018DWatT.130&#8230;71P<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5004%2Fdwt.2018.22844\">10.5004\/dwt.2018.22844<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1944-3994\">1944-3994<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-210\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Barros, \u00d3scar; Costa, Lara; Costa, Filomena; Lago, Ana; Rocha, Ver\u00f3nica; Vipotnik, Ziva; Silva, Bruna; Tavares, Teresa (March 13, 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6471397\">&#8220;Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Wastewater Towards a Circular Economy&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Molecules<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>24<\/strong>\u00a0(6): 1005.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fmolecules24061005\">10.3390\/molecules24061005<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6471397\">6471397<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30871164\">30871164<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-211\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lirias.kuleuven.be\/retrieve\/325732\">&#8220;Towards zero-waste valorization of rare earth elements&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210607160620\/https:\/\/lirias.kuleuven.be\/retrieve\/325732\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 7, 2021. Retrieved\u00a0June 7,\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-212\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Jowitt, Simon M.; Werner, Timothy T.; Weng, Zhehan; Mudd, Gavin M. (October 1, 2018).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2452223617301256\">&#8220;Recycling of the rare earth elements&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry<\/em>. Reuse and Recycling \/ UN SGDs: How can Sustainable Chemistry Contribute? \/ Green Chemistry in Education.\u00a0<strong>13<\/strong>:\u00a01\u20137.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2018COGSC..13....1J\">2018COGSC..13&#8230;.1J<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cogsc.2018.02.008\">10.1016\/j.cogsc.2018.02.008<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2452-2236\">2452-2236<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:135249554\">135249554<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Balaram2019_213-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Balaram2019_213-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Balaram, V. (July 1, 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.gsf.2018.12.005\">&#8220;Rare earth elements: A review of applications, occurrence, exploration, analysis, recycling, and environmental impact&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Geoscience Frontiers<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>10<\/strong>\u00a0(4):\u00a01285\u20131303.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2019GeoFr..10.1285B\">2019GeoFr..10.1285B<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.gsf.2018.12.005\">10.1016\/j.gsf.2018.12.005<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1674-9871\">1674-9871<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-214\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Sprecher, Benjamin; Xiao, Yanping; Walton, Allan; Speight, John; Harris, Rex; Kleijn, Rene; Visser, Geert; Kramer, Gert Jan (April 1, 2014).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/es404596q\">&#8220;Life Cycle Inventory of the Production of Rare Earths and the Subsequent Production of NdFeB Rare Earth Permanent Magnets&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Environmental Science &amp; Technology<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>48<\/strong>\u00a0(7):\u00a03951\u20133958.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2014EnST...48.3951S\">2014EnST&#8230;48.3951S<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fes404596q\">10.1021\/es404596q<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0013-936X\">0013-936X<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24576005\">24576005<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-215\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Yang, Xiuli; Zhang, Junwei; Fang, Xihui (August 30, 2014). &#8220;Rare earth element recycling from waste nickel-metal hydride batteries&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Journal of Hazardous Materials<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>279<\/strong>:\u00a0384\u2013388.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2014JHzM..279..384Y\">2014JHzM..279..384Y<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2014.07.027\">10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2014.07.027<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0304-3894\">0304-3894<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25089667\">25089667<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-216\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/2307608-rare-earth-elements-for-smartphones-can-be-extracted-from-coal-waste\/\">&#8220;Rare earth elements for smartphones can be extracted from coal waste&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>New Scientist<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-217\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Deng, Bing; Wang, Xin; Luong, Duy Xuan; Carter, Robert A.; Wang, Zhe; Tomson, Mason B.; Tour, James M. (2022).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8827657\">&#8220;Rare earth elements from waste&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Science Advances<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>8<\/strong>\u00a0(6) eabm3132.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2022SciA....8M3132D\">2022SciA&#8230;.8M3132D<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fsciadv.abm3132\">10.1126\/sciadv.abm3132<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8827657\">8827657<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35138886\">35138886<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-218\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Amato, A.; Becci, A.; Birloaga, I.; De Michelis, I.; Ferella, F.; Innocenzi, V.; Ippolito, N. M.; Pillar Jimenez Gomez, C.; Vegli\u00f2, F.; Beolchini, F. (May 1, 2019). &#8220;Sustainability analysis of innovative technologies for the rare earth elements recovery&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>106<\/strong>:\u00a041\u201353.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2019RSERv.106...41A\">2019RSERv.106&#8230;41A<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.rser.2019.02.029\">10.1016\/j.rser.2019.02.029<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hdl_(identifier)\">hdl<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/11566%2F264482\">11566\/264482<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1364-0321\">1364-0321<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:115810707\">115810707<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-219\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Jyothi, Rajesh Kumar; Thenepalli, Thriveni; Ahn, Ji Whan; Parhi, Pankaj Kumar; Chung, Kyeong Woo; Lee, Jin-Young (September 10, 2020). &#8220;Review of rare earth elements recovery from secondary resources for clean energy technologies: Grand opportunities to create wealth from waste&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Journal of Cleaner Production<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>267<\/strong>\u00a0122048.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2020JCPro.26722048J\">2020JCPro.26722048J<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jclepro.2020.122048\">10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.122048<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0959-6526\">0959-6526<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:219469381\">219469381<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-220\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Borst, Anouk M.; Smith, Martin P.; Finch, Adrian A.; Estrade, Guillaume; Villanova-de-Benavent, Cristina; Nason, Peter; Marquis, Eva; Horsburgh, Nicola J.; Goodenough, Kathryn M.; Xu, Cheng; Kynick\u00fd, Jind\u0159ich; Geraki, Kalotina (September 1, 2020).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7463018\">&#8220;Adsorption of rare earth elements in regolith-hosted clay deposits&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Nature Communications<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>11<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 4386.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2020NatCo..11.4386B\">2020NatCo..11.4386B<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41467-020-17801-5\">10.1038\/s41467-020-17801-5<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2041-1723\">2041-1723<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7463018\">7463018<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32873784\">32873784<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-221\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Liu, Pan; Huang, Rixiang; Tang, Yuanzhi (May 7, 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.9b00005\">&#8220;Comprehensive Understandings of Rare Earth Element (REE) Speciation in Coal Fly Ashes and Implication for REE Extractability&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Environmental Science &amp; Technology<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>53<\/strong>\u00a0(9):\u00a05369\u20135377.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2019EnST...53.5369L\">2019EnST&#8230;53.5369L<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Facs.est.9b00005\">10.1021\/acs.est.9b00005<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0013-936X\">0013-936X<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30912650\">30912650<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:85517653\">85517653<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-222\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Liu, Pan; Zhao, Simin; Xie, Nan; Yang, Lufeng; Wang, Qian; Wen, Yinghao; Chen, Hailong; Tang, Yuanzhi (April 4, 2023).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10077585\">&#8220;Green Approach for Rare Earth Element (REE) Recovery from Coal Fly Ash&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Environmental Science &amp; Technology<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>57<\/strong>\u00a0(13):\u00a05414\u20135423.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2023EnST...57.5414L\">2023EnST&#8230;57.5414L<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Facs.est.2c09273\">10.1021\/acs.est.2c09273<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0013-936X\">0013-936X<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10077585\">10077585<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/36942728\">36942728<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-sciencedirect.com_223-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-sciencedirect.com_223-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Chua, H (June 18, 1998). &#8220;Bio-accumulation of environmental residues of rare earth elements in aquatic flora\u00a0<em>Eichhornia crassipes<\/em>\u00a0(Mart.) Solms in Guangdong Province of China&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Science of the Total Environment<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>214<\/strong>\u00a0(1\u20133):\u00a079\u201385.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/1998ScTEn.214...79C\">1998ScTEn.214&#8230;79C<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2898%2900055-2\">10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00055-2<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0048-9697\">0048-9697<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-HiranoSuzuki1996_224-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-HiranoSuzuki1996_224-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Hirano, S; Suzuki, K T (March 1996).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1469566\">&#8220;Exposure, metabolism, and toxicity of rare earths and related compounds&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Environmental Health Perspectives<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>104<\/strong>\u00a0(suppl 1):\u00a085\u201395.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/1996EnvHP.104S..85H\">1996EnvHP.104S..85H<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289%2Fehp.96104s185\">10.1289\/ehp.96104s185<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0091-6765\">0091-6765<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1469566\">1469566<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8722113\">8722113<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Rim_225-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rim, Kyung Taek; Koo, Kwon Ho; Park, Jung Sun (2013).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3601293\">&#8220;Toxicological Evaluations of Rare Earths and Their Health Impacts to Workers: A Literature Review&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Safety and Health at Work<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>4<\/strong>\u00a0(1):\u00a012\u201326.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5491%2Fshaw.2013.4.1.12\">10.5491\/shaw.2013.4.1.12<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3601293\">3601293<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23516020\">23516020<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-226\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Chen, X. A., et al. &#8220;A twenty-year follow-up study on health effects-following long-term exposure to thorium dusts.&#8221; HEIR 2004 (2005): 139.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-227\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zhong, Buqing; Wang, Lingqing; Liang, Tao; Xing, Baoshan (October 2017). &#8220;Pollution level and inhalation exposure of ambient aerosol fluoride as affected by polymetallic rare earth mining and smelting in Baotou, north China&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Atmospheric Environment<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>167<\/strong>:\u00a040\u201348.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2017AtmEn.167...40Z\">2017AtmEn.167&#8230;40Z<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2017.08.014\">10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2017.08.014<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-228\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Li, Xiaofei; Chen, Zhibiao; Chen, Zhiqiang; Zhang, Yonghe (October 1, 2013).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2013.06.085\">&#8220;A human health risk assessment of rare earth elements in soil and vegetables from a mining area in Fujian Province, Southeast China&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Chemosphere<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>93<\/strong>\u00a0(6):\u00a01240\u20131246.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2013Chmsp..93.1240L\">2013Chmsp..93.1240L<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2013.06.085\">10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.06.085<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0045-6535\">0045-6535<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23891580\">23891580<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-sun_229-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Sun, Guangyi; Li, Zhonggen; Liu, Ting; Chen, Ji; Wu, Tingting; Feng, Xinbin (December 1, 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210225013613\/http:\/\/ir.ihb.ac.cn\/handle\/342005\/30223\">&#8220;Rare earth elements in street dust and associated health risk in a municipal industrial base of central China&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Environmental Geochemistry and Health<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>39<\/strong>\u00a0(6):\u00a01469\u20131486.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2017EnvGH..39.1469S\">2017EnvGH..39.1469S<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs10653-017-9982-x\">10.1007\/s10653-017-9982-x<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/0269-4042\">0269-4042<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28550599\">28550599<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\">S2CID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:31655372\">31655372<\/a>. Archived from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ir.ihb.ac.cn\/handle\/342005\/30223\">the original<\/a>\u00a0on February 25, 2021. Retrieved\u00a0September 6,\u00a02019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-230\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zhuang, Maoqiang; Wang, Liansen; Wu, Guangjian; Wang, Kebo; Jiang, Xiaofeng; Liu, Taibin; Xiao, Peirui; Yu, Lianlong; Jiang, Ying (August 29, 2017).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5575011\">&#8220;Health risk assessment of rare earth elements in cereals from mining area in Shandong, China&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Scientific Reports<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>7<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 9772.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2017NatSR...7.9772Z\">2017NatSR&#8230;7.9772Z<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41598-017-10256-7\">10.1038\/s41598-017-10256-7<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISSN_(identifier)\">ISSN<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/2045-2322\">2045-2322<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMC_(identifier)\">PMC<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5575011\">5575011<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28852170\">28852170<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Pagano_231-0\">Jump up to:<sup><em><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Pagano_231-1\"><sup><em><strong>b<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Pagano_231-2\"><sup><em><strong>c<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Pagano_231-3\"><sup><em><strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Pagano_231-4\"><sup><em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Pagano, Giovanni; Aliberti, Francesco; Guida, Marco; Oral, Rahime; Siciliano, Antonietta; Trifuoggi, Marco; Tommasi, Franca (2015). &#8220;Rare earth elements in human and animal health: State of art and research priorities&#8221;.\u00a0<em>Environmental Research<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>142<\/strong>:\u00a0215\u2013220.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2015ER....142..215P\">2015ER&#8230;.142..215P<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\">doi<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.envres.2015.06.039\">10.1016\/j.envres.2015.06.039<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hdl_(identifier)\">hdl<\/a>:<a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/11586%2F148470\">11586\/148470<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\">PMID<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26164116\">26164116<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-232\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Redling, Kerstin (2006).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de\/5936\/\"><em>Rare Earth Elements in Agriculture with Emphasis on Animal Husbandry<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(Dissertation). LMU M\u00fcnchen: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615124341\/https:\/\/edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de\/5936\/\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 15, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0April 5,\u00a02018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-Bl01_233-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lee, Yoolim,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/2011-05-31\/malaysia-rare-earths-in-largest-would-be-refinery-incite-protest.html\">&#8220;Malaysia Rare Earths in Largest Would-Be Refinery Incite Protest&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140911001724\/http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/2011-05-31\/malaysia-rare-earths-in-largest-would-be-refinery-incite-protest.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0September 11, 2014, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>,\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bloomberg_L.P.\">Bloomberg Markets Magazine<\/a><\/em>, May 31, 2011 5:00 PM ET.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-234\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-pacific-13593213\">&#8220;UN investigation into Malaysia rare-earth plant safety&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220622010100\/https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-pacific-13593213\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0June 22, 2022, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC\">BBC<\/a>, 30 May 2011 05:52 ET.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-235\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iaea.org\/newscenter\/news\/2011\/malaysiamissionreport.html\">IAEA Submits Lynas Report to Malaysian Government<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20121007140824\/http:\/\/www.iaea.org\/newscenter\/news\/2011\/malaysiamissionreport.html\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0October 7, 2012, at the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>. Iaea.org (2011-06-29). Retrieved on 2011-09-27.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-236\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Tim Heffernan (June 16, 2015).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/47.11\/why-rare-earth-mining-in-the-west-is-a-bust\">&#8220;Why rare-earth mining in the West is a bust&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>High Country News<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211103103815\/https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/47.11\/why-rare-earth-mining-in-the-west-is-a-bust\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on November 3, 2021. Retrieved\u00a0September 26,\u00a02017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-237\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/greenland-votes-split-on-rare-earth-metals-mining\/a-57113587\">&#8220;Greenland votes, split on rare earth metals mining&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Deutsche Welle<\/em>. June 4, 2021.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220621090757\/https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/greenland-votes-split-on-rare-earth-metals-mining\/a-57113587\">Archived<\/a>\u00a0from the original on June 21, 2022. Retrieved\u00a0April 7,\u00a02021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rare-earth_element#cite_ref-238\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kirkusreviews.com\/book-reviews\/a\/eric-ambler\/dirty-story\/\">&#8220;Book Reviews, Sites, Romance, Fantasy, Fiction&#8221;<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Kirkus Reviews<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\">4. \u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-small-font-size\">\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-ASella2016_1-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>1.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-ASella2016_1-1\"><sup><strong>1.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-ASella2016_1-2\"><sup><strong>1.2<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Professor of Chemistry at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_College_London\">University College London<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Andrea_Sella&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Andrea Sella<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=UvQMiqqzcZE&amp;t=0h0m0s\">YouTube\u4e0a\u7684Andrea Sella: &#8220;Insight: Rare-earth metals&#8221;<\/a>, Interview on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/TRT_World\">TRT World<\/a>\u00a0\/ Oct 2016, minutes 4:40 &#8211; ff.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-2\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0T Gray. Lanthanum and Cerium. The Elements. Black Dog &amp; Leventhal. 2007: 118\u2013122.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-3\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0N. G. Connelly and T. Damhus (\u7f16).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080527204340\/http:\/\/www.iupac.org\/publications\/books\/rbook\/Red_Book_2005.pdf\">Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations 2005<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). With R. M. Hartshorn and A. T. Hutton. Cambridge: RSC Publishing. 2005\u00a0[2012-03-13].\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-85404-438-2\">ISBN\u00a0978-0-85404-438-2<\/a>. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iupac.org\/publications\/books\/rbook\/Red_Book_2005.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2008-05-27\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Haxel02_4-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>4.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Haxel02_4-1\"><sup><strong>4.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Haxel G.; Hedrick J.; Orris J.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101214095306\/http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2002\/fs087-02\/fs087-02.pdf\">Rare Earth Elements\u2014Critical Resources for High Technology<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Edited by Peter H. Stauffer and James W. Hendley II; Graphic design by Gordon B. Haxel, Sara Boore, and Susan Mayfield. United States Geological Survey. 2002\u00a0[2012-03-13]. USGS Fact Sheet: 087\u201002. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2002\/fs087-02\/fs087-02.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2010-12-14\uff09.\u00a0<q>However, in contrast to ordinary base and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Precious_metals&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">precious metals<\/a>, REE have very little tendency to become concentrated in exploitable ore deposits. Consequently, most of the world&#8217;s supply of REE comes from only a handful of sources.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-5\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Malhotra, Nemi; Hsu, Hua-Shu; Liang, Sung-Tzu; Roldan, Marri Jmelou M.; Lee, Jiann-Shing; Ger, Tzong-Rong; Hsiao, Chung-Der.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC552131\">An Updated Review of Toxicity Effect of the Rare Earth Elements (REEs) on Aquatic Organisms<\/a>. Animals. 2020-09-16,\u00a0<strong>10<\/strong>\u00a0(9): 1663.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/2076-2615\">ISSN\u00a02076-2615<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC552131\">PMC\u00a0552131<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/32947815\">PMID\u00a032947815<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fani10091663\">doi:10.3390\/ani10091663<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-6\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Keith R. Long; Bradley S. Van Gosen; Nora K. Foley; Daniel Cordier.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211026102954\/https:\/\/geology.com\/usgs\/ree-geology\/\">The Geology of Rare Earth Elements<\/a>. Geology.com.\u00a0[2018-06-19]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/geology.com\/usgs\/ree-geology\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2021-10-26\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELide1997_7-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#CITEREFLide1997\">Lide (1997)<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-CRC_ed89_elements_9-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>8.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-CRC_ed89_elements_9-1\"><sup><strong>8.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-CRC_ed89_elements_9-2\"><sup><strong>8.2<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0C. R. Hammond. Section 4; The Elements. David R. Lide (\u7f16). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. (Internet Version 2009) 89th. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press\/Taylor and Francis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-10\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Nouri, Keyvan.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=vkVY3JwqvrgC&amp;pg=PA464\">History of Laser Dentistry<\/a>. Lasers in Dermatology and Medicine. 2011-11-09: 464\u2013465.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-85729-280-3\">ISBN\u00a0978-0-85729-280-3<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-11\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161104194856\/http:\/\/www.thinkglobalgreen.org\/rare-earthmetals.html\">Rare-earth metals<\/a>. Think GlobalGreen.\u00a0[2017-02-10]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thinkglobalgreen.org\/rare-earthmetals.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2016-11-04\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-12\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=Kr3NCY4GJaAC&amp;pg=PA25\">Pool Care Basics<\/a>.\u00a0: 25\u201326.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-13\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Fronzi, M.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220410095114\/https:\/\/hal.archives-ouvertes.fr\/hal-02308396\/document\">Theoretical insights into the hydrophobicity of low index CeO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0surfaces<\/a>. Applied Surface Science. 2019,\u00a0<strong>478<\/strong>: 68\u201374\u00a0[2022-06-06].\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2019ApSS..478...68F\">Bibcode:2019ApSS..478&#8230;68F<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:118895100\">S2CID\u00a0118895100<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1902.02662\">arXiv:1902.02662<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.apsusc.2019.01.208\">doi:10.1016\/j.apsusc.2019.01.208<\/a>. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.archives-ouvertes.fr\/hal-02308396\/document\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-10\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-15\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Fritz Ullmann (\u7f16). Ullmann&#8217;s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry\u00a0<strong>31<\/strong>. Contributor: Matthias Bohnet 6th. Wiley-VCH. 2003: 24.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-3-527-30385-4\">ISBN\u00a0978-3-527-30385-4<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-16\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Gschneidner K. A., Cappellen (\u7f16). 1787\u20131987 Two hundred Years of Rare Earths. Rare Earth Information Center, IPRT, North-Holland. 1987,. IS-RIC 10.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Weeks_17-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Weeks, Mary Elvira.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/discoveryoftheel002045mbp\">The discovery of the elements<\/a>\u00a06th. Easton, PA: Journal of Chemical Education. 1956.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-XVI_18-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Weeks, Mary Elvira. The discovery of the elements. XVI. The rare earth elements. Journal of Chemical Education. October 1932,\u00a0<strong>9<\/strong>\u00a0(10): 1751.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/1932JChEd...9.1751W\">Bibcode:1932JChEd&#8230;9.1751W<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fed009p1751\">doi:10.1021\/ed009p1751<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-RSYtterbium_19-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsc.org\/periodic-table\/element\/70\/ytterbium\">Ytterbium<\/a>. Royal Society of Chemistry. 2020\u00a0[2020-01-04]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221013063523\/https:\/\/www.rsc.org\/periodic-table\/element\/70\/ytterbium\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2022-10-13\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Nilsonfr_20-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Nilson, Lars Fredrik.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/bpt6k30457\/f639.table\">Sur l&#8217;ytterbine, terre nouvelle de M. Marignac<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Comptes_Rendus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Comptes Rendus<\/a>. 1879,\u00a0<strong>88<\/strong>: 642\u2013647\u00a0[2022-09-01]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210428213741\/https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/bpt6k30457\/f639.table\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2021-04-28\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u6cd5\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Nilsonde_21-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Nilson, Lars Fredrik.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/record\/1425172\">Ueber Scandium, ein neues Erdmetall<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Berichte_der_deutschen_chemischen_Gesellschaft&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft<\/a>. 1879,\u00a0<strong>12<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 554\u2013557\u00a0[2022-09-01].\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fcber.187901201157\">doi:10.1002\/cber.187901201157<\/a>. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210308223719\/https:\/\/zenodo.org\/record\/1425172\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2021-03-08\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u5fb7\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-22\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Thornton, Brett F.; Burdette, Shawn C.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nchem.2264\">Homely holmium<\/a>. Nature Chemistry. 2015-06,\u00a0<strong>7<\/strong>\u00a0(6).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/1755-4349\">ISSN\u00a01755-4349<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fnchem.2264\">doi:10.1038\/nchem.2264<\/a>. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220831215827\/https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nchem.2264\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2022-08-31\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-CRC_23-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Haynes, William M. (\u7f16). Elements: Neodymium.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CRC%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%92%8C%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C\">CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics<\/a>\u00a097th. CRC Press. 2016: 4.23.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9781498754293\">ISBN\u00a09781498754293<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-e341_24-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Emsley, John.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/naturesbuildingb0000emsl\">Nature&#8217;s building blocks: an A\u2013Z guide to the elements<\/a>. Oxford University Press. 2003:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/naturesbuildingb0000emsl\/page\/341\">341<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/0-19-850340-7\">ISBN\u00a00-19-850340-7<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-wels_25-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0v. Welsbach, Carl Auer.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF01554643\">Die Zerlegung des Didyms in seine Elemente<\/a>. Monatshefte f\u00fcr Chemie und verwandte Teile anderer Wissenschaften. 1885-12,\u00a0<strong>6<\/strong>\u00a0(1).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0343-7329\">ISSN\u00a00343-7329<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2FBF01554643\">doi:10.1007\/BF01554643<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u5fb7\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Welsbach_26-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Baumgartner, E. Carl Auer Von Welsbach: A Pioneer in the Industrial Application of Rare Earths. Evans, C. H. (\u7f16).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-94-009-0287-9_7\">Episodes from the History of the Rare Earth Elements<\/a>. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. 1996: 113\u2013129.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-94-010-6614-3\">ISBN\u00a0978-94-010-6614-3<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2F978-94-009-0287-9_7\">doi:10.1007\/978-94-009-0287-9_7<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-DeKosky_27-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0DeKosky, Robert K. Spectroscopy and the Elements in the Late Nineteenth Century: The Work of Sir William Crookes. The British Journal for the History of Science. 1973,\u00a0<strong>6<\/strong>\u00a0(4): 400\u2013423.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/4025503\">JSTOR\u00a04025503<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:146534210\">S2CID\u00a0146534210<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS0007087400012553\">doi:10.1017\/S0007087400012553<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-28\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0de Boisbaudran, Paul \u00c9mile Lecoq.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/bpt6k3058f\/f1001.chemindefer\">L&#8217;holmine (ou terre X de M Soret) contient au moins deux radicaux m\u00e9tallique (Holminia contains at least two metal)<\/a>. Comptes Rendus. 1886,\u00a0<strong>143<\/strong>: 1003\u20131006\u00a0[2022-09-01]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210320144714\/https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/bpt6k3058f\/f1001.chemindefer\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2021-03-20\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u6cd5\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-61a_29-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Laing, Michael. A Revised Periodic Table: With the Lanthanides Repositioned. Foundations of Chemistry. 2005,\u00a0<strong>7<\/strong>\u00a0(3): 203\u2013233.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:97792365\">S2CID\u00a097792365<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs10698-004-5959-9\">doi:10.1007\/s10698-004-5959-9<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Marinsky_30-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Marinsky, J. A.; Glendenin, L. E.; Coryell, C. D. The chemical identification of radioisotopes of neodymium and of element 61. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1947,\u00a0<strong>69<\/strong>\u00a0(11): 2781\u20135.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20270831\">PMID\u00a020270831<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fja01203a059\">doi:10.1021\/ja01203a059<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2027%2Fmdp.39015086506477\">hdl:2027\/mdp.39015086506477<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-31\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150706071605\/http:\/\/www.ornl.gov\/info\/ornlreview\/v36_1_03\/article_02.shtml\">Discovery of Promethium<\/a>. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Review. 2003,\u00a0<strong>36<\/strong>\u00a0(1)\u00a0[2006-09-17]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ornl.gov\/info\/ornlreview\/v36_1_03\/article_02.shtml\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2015-07-06\uff09.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ornl.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/ORNL%20Review%20v36n1%202003.pdf#page=5\">Discovery of Promethium<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Oak Ridge National Laboratory Review. 2003,\u00a0<strong>36<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 3\u00a0[2018-06-17]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210322193546\/https:\/\/www.ornl.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/ORNL%20Review%20v36n1%202003.pdf#page=5\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u4e8e2021-03-22\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-32\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Spedding F., Daane A. H.: &#8220;The Rare Earths&#8221;, John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc., 1961.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-33\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Qi, Dezhi. Hydrometallurgy of Rare Earths. Elsevier. 2018: 162\u2013165.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9780128139202\">ISBN\u00a09780128139202<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-34\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0B. Smith Hopkins: &#8220;Chemistry of the rarer elements&#8221;, D. C. Heath &amp; Company, 1923.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-35\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0McGill, Ian, Rare Earth Elements,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8\">Ullmann&#8217;s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry<\/a>\u00a0<strong>31<\/strong>, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH: 184, 2005,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2F14356007.a22_607\">doi:10.1002\/14356007.a22_607<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-36\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zepf, Volker.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/site.ebrary.com\/id\/10660751\">Rare earth elements: a new approach to the nexus of supply, demand and use\u00a0: exemplified along the use of neodymium in permanent magnets<\/a>. Berlin; London: Springer. 2013.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9783642354588\">ISBN\u00a09783642354588<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-37\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Sizmur, Tom.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615084200\/https:\/\/www.envchemgroup.com\/rare-earth-elements.html\">Rare earth elements: Chemistry, fate and environmental impact<\/a>. Royal Society of Chemistry Environmental Chemistry Group. February 2017\u00a0[2022-01-02]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.envchemgroup.com\/rare-earth-elements.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-15\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-gsl_38-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>36.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-gsl_38-1\"><sup><strong>36.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Working Group.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220209233309\/https:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/~\/media\/shared\/documents\/policy\/Rare%20Earth%20Elements%20briefing%20note%20final%20%20%20new%20format.pdf\">Rare Earth Elements<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Geological Society of London. December 2011\u00a0[2018-05-18]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.geolsoc.org.uk\/~\/media\/shared\/documents\/policy\/Rare%20Earth%20Elements%20briefing%20note%20final%20%20%20new%20format.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-02-09\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-39\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u4f58\u6d77\u4e1c, \u8303\u5b8f\u745e, \u80e1\u82b3\u82b3, \u6768\u594e\u950b, \u6768\u5360\u5cf0, \u738b\u5176\u4f1f. 2018. \u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u70ed\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e0e\u6c89\u6dc0. \u5ca9\u77f3\u5b66\u62a5, 34(12): 3567-3581<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-40\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Eni Generalic.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.periodni.com\/rare_earth_elements.html\">Rare earth elements<\/a>. Faculty of Chemistry and Technology in Split. 2012-09-19\u00a0[2023-10-22]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20240116161433\/https:\/\/www.periodni.com\/rare_earth_elements.html\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2024-01-16\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Rollinson_41-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rollinson, Hugh R. Using geochemical data\u00a0: evaluation, presentation, interpretation. Harlow, Essex, England: Longman Scientific &amp; Technical. 1993.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9780582067011\">ISBN\u00a09780582067011<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/oclc\/27937350\">OCLC\u00a027937350<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-43\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220410095513\/https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/learn\/science-matters\/case-of-rare-earth-elements-science\">Science of Rare Earth Elements<\/a>. Science History Institute.\u00a0[2022-01-02]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/learn\/science-matters\/case-of-rare-earth-elements-science\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-10\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Rose60_44-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rose, Edward Roderick.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ftp.maps.canada.ca\/pub\/nrcan_rncan\/publications\/ess_sst\/101\/101254\/pa_59_10.pdf\">Rare Earths of the Grenville Sub-Province, Ontario and Quebec<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u00a0(Paper 59\u201310). Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada. 1960-02-04\u00a0[2018-05-18].<sup>[<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5\">\u5931\u6548\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>]<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-45\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/ztk\/dtzt\/77\/3\/Document\/1175752\/1175752.htm\">\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7a00\u571f\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0e\u653f\u7b56\u300b<\/a>. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u65b0\u95fb\u529e\u516c\u5ba4.\u00a0[2023-08-29]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230829023041\/http:\/\/www.scio.gov.cn\/ztk\/dtzt\/77\/3\/Document\/1175752\/1175752.htm\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2023-08-29\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Wikinvest_46-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>43.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Wikinvest_46-1\"><sup><strong>43.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Wikinvest_46-2\"><sup><strong>43.2<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Wikinvest_46-3\"><sup><strong>43.3<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Wikinvest_46-4\"><sup><strong>43.4<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/meta.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Interwiki_map\/discontinued#Wikinvest\">China&#8217;s Rare Earth Dominance<\/a>, Wikinvest. Retrieved on 11 Aug 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-47\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Gambogi, Joseph.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190125055346\/https:\/\/minerals.usgs.gov\/minerals\/pubs\/commodity\/rare_earths\/mcs-2018-raree.pdf\">Rare Earths<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Mineral Commodity Summaries. U.S. Geological Survey. January 2018: 132\u2013133\u00a0[2018-02-14]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/minerals.usgs.gov\/minerals\/pubs\/commodity\/rare_earths\/mcs-2018-raree.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2019-01-25\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-48\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Chao E. C. T., Back J. M., Minkin J., Tatsumoto M., Junwen W., Conrad J. E., McKee E. H., Zonglin H., Qingrun M.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/bul\/b2143\/\">&#8220;Sedimentary carbonate\u2010hosted giant Bayan Obo REE\u2010Fe\u2010Nb ore deposit of Inner Mongolia, China; a cornerstone example for giant polymetallic ore deposits of hydrothermal origin&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220120135314\/http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/bul\/b2143\/\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09. 1997. United States Geological Survey. 29 February 2008. Bulletin 2143.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-49\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200806170453\/http:\/\/northernminerals.com.au\/browns-range\/overview\/\">Overview<\/a>. Northern Minerals Limited.\u00a0[2018-04-21]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/northernminerals.com.au\/browns-range\/overview\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2020-08-06\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-50\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220708230509\/https:\/\/www.theanchorhouse.com\/\">Cox C. 2008. Rare earth innovation. Herndon (VA): The Anchor House Inc;<\/a>.\u00a0[2008-04-19]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/theanchorhouse.com\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-07-08\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Reuters_51-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>48.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Reuters_51-1\"><sup><strong>48.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220605204539\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/newsOne\/idUSTRE57U02B20090831\">As hybrid cars gobble rare metals, shortage looms<\/a>. Reuters. 2009-08-31\u00a0[2025-02-07]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/newsOne\/idUSTRE57U02B20090831\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-05\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Massari_52-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>49.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Massari_52-1\"><sup><strong>49.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Massari, Stefania; Ruberti, Marcello. Rare earth elements as critical raw materials: Focus on international markets and future strategies. Resources Policy. 2013-03-01,\u00a0<strong>38<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 36\u201343.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0301-4207\">ISSN\u00a00301-4207<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.resourpol.2012.07.001\">doi:10.1016\/j.resourpol.2012.07.001<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-53\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220119103001\/http:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2014\/3078\/pdf\/fs2014-3078.pdf\">The Rare-Earth Elements\u2014Vital to Modern Technologies and Lifestyles<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). United Stated Geological Survey. November 2014\u00a0[2018-03-13]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/fs\/2014\/3078\/pdf\/fs2014-3078.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-01-19\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-54\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Ma, Damien.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220410095515\/https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/china\/2012-04-25\/china-digs-it\">China Digs It<\/a>. Foreign Affairs. 2012-04-25\u00a0[2017-02-10]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/china\/2012-04-25\/china-digs-it\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-10\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Livergood2010_55-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>52.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Livergood2010_55-1\"><sup><strong>52.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Livergood, R.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110212024126\/http:\/\/csis.org\/files\/publication\/101005_DIIG_Current_Issues_no22_Rare_earth_elements.pdf\">Rare Earth Elements: A Wrench in the Supply Chain<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). Center for Strategic and International Studies. 2010-10-05\u00a0[2012-03-13]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/csis.org\/files\/publication\/101005_DIIG_Current_Issues_no22_Rare_earth_elements.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2011-02-12\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-56\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110726201410\/http:\/\/www.manufacturing.net\/article.aspx?id=215574\">China To Limit Rare Earths Exports<\/a>. Manufacturing.net, 1 September 2009.\u00a0[2010-08-30]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.manufacturing.net\/article.aspx?id=215574\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2011-07-26\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-57\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Ben Geman.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101021053554\/http:\/\/thehill.com\/blogs\/e2-wire\/677-e2-wire\/124853-china-to-cut-exports-of-rare-earth-minerals-vital-to-energy-tech\">China to cut exports of &#8216;rare earth&#8217; minerals vital to energy tech<\/a>. The Hill&#8217;s E<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0Wire. 2009-10-19\u00a0[2010-10-19]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/thehill.com\/blogs\/e2-wire\/677-e2-wire\/124853-china-to-cut-exports-of-rare-earth-minerals-vital-to-energy-tech\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2010-10-21\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-58\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Tony Jin.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110213042905\/http:\/\/thechinaperspective.com\/articles\/china039srareearthexportssurgeinvalue8111\/index.html\">China&#8217;s Rare Earth Exports Surge in Value<\/a>. The China Perspective. 2011-01-18\u00a0[2011-01-19]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/thechinaperspective.com\/articles\/china039srareearthexportssurgeinvalue8111\/index.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2011-02-13\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-59\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zhang Qi; Ding Qingfen; Fu Jing.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110724114258\/http:\/\/www.chinadaily.com.cn\/bizchina\/2011-07\/15\/content_12910072.htm\">Rare earths export quota unchanged<\/a>. China Daily. 2011-07-15. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chinadaily.com.cn\/bizchina\/2011-07\/15\/content_12910072.htm\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2011-07-24\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-ReutersSept611_60-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>57.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-ReutersSept611_60-1\"><sup><strong>57.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220410095530\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/china-rare-earth-idUSL3E7K620P20110906\">China halts rare earth production at three mines<\/a>. Reuters. 2011-09-06\u00a0[2011-09-07]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/china-rare-earth-idUSL3E7K620P20110906\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-10\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-reuters_61-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220626172529\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/china-trade-eu-idUSL5E8ED6520120313\">WRAPUP 4-US, EU, Japan take on China at WTO over rare earths<\/a>. Reuters. 2017-03-13\u00a0[2017-02-10]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/china-trade-eu-idUSL5E8ED6520120313\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-26\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Distillations_62-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>59.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Distillations_62-1\"><sup><strong>59.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Distillations_62-2\"><sup><strong>59.2<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Distillations_62-3\"><sup><strong>59.3<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190803101711\/https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/distillations\/podcast\/rare-earths-the-hidden-cost-to-their-magic\">Rare Earths: The Hidden Cost to Their Magic&#8221;, Distillations Podcast and transcript, Episode 242<\/a>. Science History Institute. 2019-06-25\u00a0[2019-08-28]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/distillations\/podcast\/rare-earths-the-hidden-cost-to-their-magic\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2019-08-03\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-63\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Kevin Voigt.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210507144841\/https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2012\/08\/08\/business\/china-rare-earth\/index.html?section=money_news_international\">China cuts mines vital to tech industry<\/a>. CNN. 2012-08-02\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2012\/08\/08\/business\/china-rare-earth\/index.html?section=money_news_international\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2021-05-07\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-64\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Tim Worstall.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200201021147\/https:\/\/www.theregister.co.uk\/2012\/12\/23\/rare_earth_non_monopoly\/\">El Reg man: Too bad, China \u2013 I was RIGHT about hoarding rare earths<\/a>. The Register. 2012-12-23\u00a0[2017-02-10]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.co.uk\/2012\/12\/23\/rare_earth_non_monopoly\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2020-02-01\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-WTI_65-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615084158\/https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/jan\/05\/china-scraps-quotas-rare-earth-wto-complaint\">China scraps quotas on rare earths after WTO complaint<\/a>. The Guardian. 2015-01-05\u00a0[2015-01-05]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/jan\/05\/china-scraps-quotas-rare-earth-wto-complaint\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-15\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-WTO_66-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220630141201\/https:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/tratop_e\/dispu_e\/cases_e\/ds431_e.htm\">DS431: China \u2014 Measures Related to the Exportation of Rare Earths, Tungsten and Molybdenum<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Trade_Organization\">World Trade Organization<\/a>.\u00a0[2014-05-01]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wto.org\/english\/tratop_e\/dispu_e\/cases_e\/ds431_e.htm\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-30\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-67\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0R. Castellano (Jun. 02, 2019).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/seekingalpha.com\/article\/4267839-china-trade-invest-based-on-rare-earth-price-hikes\">&#8220;China Trade &#8211; Invest Based On Rare Earth Price Hikes&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220626125758\/https:\/\/seekingalpha.com\/article\/4267839-china-trade-invest-based-on-rare-earth-price-hikes\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09.\u00a0<em>seekingalpha.com<\/em>. Retrieved 25 February 2021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-68\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220418060007\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-myanmar-politics-china-metals-explain-idUSKBN2AA12U\">Explainer: Possible impact of Myanmar coup on China&#8217;s metal and rare earth supply<\/a>. Reuters. 2021-02-10\u00a0[2022-01-03]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-myanmar-politics-china-metals-explain-idUSKBN2AA12U\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-18\uff09.\u00a0<q>China is the world\u2019s dominant producer of rare earths, a group of 17 minerals used in consumer electronics and military equipment. But it relied on Myanmar for about half its heavy rare earth concentrates in 2020, says Adamas Intelligence managing director Ryan Castilloux.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-69\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0S. Burns (Feb. 16, 2021).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/agmetalminer.com\/2021\/02\/16\/rare-earths-are-the-next-geopolitical-chess-game\/\">&#8220;Rare earths are the next geopolitical chess game&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615124349\/https:\/\/agmetalminer.com\/2021\/02\/16\/rare-earths-are-the-next-geopolitical-chess-game\/\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09.\u00a0<em>MetalMiner.com<\/em>. Retrieved 25 February 2021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-70\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140719233436\/http:\/\/business.financialpost.com\/2011\/09\/06\/eu-stockpiles-rare-earths-as-tensions-with-china-rise\/\">EU stockpiles rare earths as tensions with China rise<\/a>. Financial Post. Reuters. 2011-09-06\u00a0[2011-09-07]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/business.financialpost.com\/2011\/09\/06\/eu-stockpiles-rare-earths-as-tensions-with-china-rise\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2014-07-19\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-71\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220410095515\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2009\/09\/10\/business\/global\/10mineral.html?scp=10&amp;sq=brazil&amp;st=nyt\">Canadian Firms Step Up Search for Rare-Earth Metals<\/a>. NYTimes.com. Reuters. 2009-09-09\u00a0[2009-09-15]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2009\/09\/10\/business\/global\/10mineral.html?scp=10&amp;sq=brazil&amp;st=nyt\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-10\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Leifert2010_72-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>69.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Leifert2010_72-1\"><sup><strong>69.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Leifert, H. Restarting US rare earth production?. Earth. June 2010: 20\u201321.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-73\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Editor.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220517013624\/https:\/\/www.steenkampskraal.com\/the-mine\/\">About The Mine<\/a>. Steenkampskraal Rare Earths Mine.\u00a0[2019-07-19]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.steenkampskraal.com\/the-mine\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-05-17\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-74\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lunn, J.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080409121623\/http:\/\/www.gwmg.ca\/pdf\/Insinger_Report.pdf\">Great western minerals<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). London: Insigner Beaufort Equity Research. 2006\u00a0[2008-04-19]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.gwmg.ca\/pdf\/Insinger_Report.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2008-04-09\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-75\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Gorman, Steve.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220410095515\/https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/idUSN2838509920090831\">California mine digs in for &#8216;green&#8217; gold rush<\/a>. Reuters. 2009-08-30\u00a0[2010-03-22]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/idUSN2838509920090831\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-10\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-76\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090331102738\/http:\/\/www.gwmg.ca\/projects\/hoidas-lake\">Hoidas Lake, Saskatchewan<\/a>. Great Western Mineral Group Ltd.\u00a0[2008-09-24]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.gwmg.ca\/projects\/hoidas-lake\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2009-03-31\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-supply_deal_77-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220703011024\/https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-pacific-11661330\">Rare earths supply deal between Japan and Vietnam<\/a>. BBC News. 2010-10-31\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-pacific-11661330\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-07-03\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-78\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220618141715\/https:\/\/news.bloombergtax.com\/daily-tax-report-state\/mining-venture-draws-200-million-in-tax-incentives-and-red-flags\">Mining Venture Draws $200 Million in Tax Incentives and Red Flags (1)<\/a>. news.bloombergtax.com.\u00a0[2020-12-01]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/news.bloombergtax.com\/daily-tax-report-state\/mining-venture-draws-200-million-in-tax-incentives-and-red-flags\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-18\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-79\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200511210056\/https:\/\/www.omaha.com\/money\/long-discussed-niobium-mine-in-southeast-nebraska-is-ready-to\/article_33913f7a-93fa-11e7-9144-8f1cad9c36eb.html\">Long-discussed niobium mine in southeast Nebraska is ready to move forward, if it gathers $1 billion in financing .<\/a>.\u00a0[2019-05-18]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.omaha.com\/money\/long-discussed-niobium-mine-in-southeast-nebraska-is-ready-to\/article_33913f7a-93fa-11e7-9144-8f1cad9c36eb.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2020-05-11\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-80\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210819204036\/http:\/\/niocorp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/NIoCorp_Corporate_Presentation.pdf\">NioCorp Superalloy Materials The Elk Creek Superalloy Materials Project<\/a>\u00a0(PDF).\u00a0[2019-05-18]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/niocorp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/NIoCorp_Corporate_Presentation.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2021-08-19\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Cbc2013-11-04_81-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220622012302\/https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/north\/federal-minister-approves-n-w-t-rare-earth-mine-1.2356245\">Federal minister approves N.W.T. rare earth mine<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CBC_News\">CBC News<\/a>. 2013-11-04\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/north\/federal-minister-approves-n-w-t-rare-earth-mine-1.2356245\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-22\uff09.\u00a0<q>It follows the recommendation from the Mackenzie Valley Environmental Review Board in July, and marks a major milestone in the company&#8217;s effort to turn the project into an operating mine. Avalon claims Nechalacho is \u201cthe most advanced large heavy rare earth development project in the world\u201d.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-82\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100918165406\/http:\/\/www.ggg.gl\/Rare-Earth-Elements\/Rare-Earth-Elements-at-Kvanefjeld.htm\">Rare Earth Elements at Kvanefjeld<\/a>. Greenland Minerals and Energy Ltd.\u00a0[2010-11-10]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ggg.gl\/Rare-Earth-Elements\/Rare-Earth-Elements-at-Kvanefjeld.htm\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2010-09-18\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-83\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101118075404\/http:\/\/www.ggg.gl\/Projects\/New-Multi-Element-Targets-and-Overall-Resource-Potential.htm\">New Multi-Element Targets and Overall Resource Potential<\/a>. Greenland Minerals and Energy Ltd.\u00a0[2010-11-10]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ggg.gl\/Projects\/New-Multi-Element-Targets-and-Overall-Resource-Potential.htm\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2010-11-18\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-84\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Carol Matlack.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130213141927\/http:\/\/www.businessweek.com\/articles\/2013-02-10\/chinese-workers-in-greenland\">Chinese Workers\u2014in Greenland?<\/a>. Business Week. 2013-02-10\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.businessweek.com\/articles\/2013-02-10\/chinese-workers-in-greenland\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2013-02-13\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-85\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bomsdorf, Clemens.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201028082449\/https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424127887324077704578357792781721964\">Greenland Votes to Get Tough on Investors<\/a>. The Wall Street Journal. 2013-03-13\u00a0[2017-02-10]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424127887324077704578357792781721964\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2020-10-28\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-86\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615084159\/https:\/\/isdp.eu\/danish-concerns-chinese-investment-greenland\/\">A Touch of Frost: Danish Concerns over Chinese Investment to Greenland<\/a>. Institute of Security &amp; Development Policy. 2019-08-14\u00a0[2022-01-03]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/isdp.eu\/danish-concerns-chinese-investment-greenland\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-15\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-87\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220623164720\/https:\/\/www.elmundo.es\/cronica\/2019\/05\/24\/5ce58be121efa0e77f8b4651.html\">Hay tierras raras aqu\u00ed y est\u00e1n&#8230; en un lugar de La Mancha<\/a>. ELMUNDO. 2019-05-24\u00a0[2019-05-24]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elmundo.es\/cronica\/2019\/05\/24\/5ce58be121efa0e77f8b4651.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-23\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-88\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120416073235\/http:\/\/www.asx.com.au\/asxpdf\/20120229\/pdf\/424pl5vn67q4h0.pdf\">Maiden Resource, Ngualla Rare Earth Project<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). ASX Release. Peak Resources. 2012-02-29\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.asx.com.au\/asxpdf\/20120229\/pdf\/424pl5vn67q4h0.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2012-04-16\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Petrov_89-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Petrov, Leonid.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120808102430\/http:\/\/atimes.com\/atimes\/Korea\/NH08Dg01.html\">Rare earths bankroll North Korea&#8217;s future<\/a>. Asia Times. 2012-08-10\u00a0[2018-10-22]. \u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2012-08-08.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-90\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190330104756\/https:\/\/www.voakorea.com\/a\/north-korea-rare-earth\/1966603.html\">\ubd81\ud55c, \uc62c 5~6\uc6d4 \ud76c\ud1a0\ub958 \uc911\uad6d \uc218\ucd9c \ud06c\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4 [North Korea Rare Earth exports to China increased significantly from May to June]<\/a>. voakorea.com. 2014-07-28\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.voakorea.com\/a\/north-korea-rare-earth\/1966603.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2019-03-30\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u97e9\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-91\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bradsher, Keith.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615115941\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/03\/09\/business\/energy-environment\/09rare.html?ref=science\">Taking a Risk for Rare Earths<\/a>. The New York Times. (March 9, 2011 p. B1 NY ed.). 2011-03-08\u00a0[2011-03-09]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/03\/09\/business\/energy-environment\/09rare.html?ref=science\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-15\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-92\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220416061009\/https:\/\/www.taiwannews.com.tw\/en\/news\/1950723\">Lynas clears obstacle to Malaysia rare earth plant<\/a>. Taiwan News. 2012-06-19\u00a0[2022-01-03]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.taiwannews.com.tw\/en\/news\/1950723\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-16\uff09.\u00a0<q>The Lynas plant is expected to meet nearly a third of world demand for rare earths, excluding China.<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-93\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20201204084605\/https:\/\/pengguna.org.my\/index.php\/pembangunan\/alam-sekitar\/768-kronologi-peristiwa-di-kilang-nadir-bumi-bukit-merah\">Kronologi Peristiwa di Kilang Nadir Bumi, Bukit Merah [Chronology of Events at the Rare Earth Factory, Red Hill]<\/a>. Penang Consumer Association.\u00a0[2019-08-26]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/pengguna.org.my\/index.php\/pembangunan\/alam-sekitar\/768-kronologi-peristiwa-di-kilang-nadir-bumi-bukit-merah\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2020-12-04\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u9a6c\u6765\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-NYT01_94-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>91.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-NYT01_94-1\"><sup><strong>91.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Bradsher, Keith.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161229042639\/http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/03\/09\/business\/energy-environment\/09rareside.html\">Mitsubishi Quietly Cleans Up Its Former Refinery<\/a>. The New York Times. (March 9, 2011 p. B4 NY ed.). 2011-03-08\u00a0[2011-03-09]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/03\/09\/business\/energy-environment\/09rareside.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2016-12-29\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-B01_95-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>92.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-B01_95-1\"><sup><strong>92.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Coleman, Murray.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110703100420\/http:\/\/blogs.barrons.com\/focusonfunds\/2011\/06\/30\/rare-earth-metals-etf-soars-as-plans-to-break-chinas-hold-suffer-setback\/\">Rare Earth ETF Jumps As Plans To Break China&#8217;s Hold Suffer Setback<\/a>. Barron&#8217;s. 2011-06-30\u00a0[2011-06-30]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.barrons.com\/focusonfunds\/2011\/06\/30\/rare-earth-metals-etf-soars-as-plans-to-break-chinas-hold-suffer-setback\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2011-07-03\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-96\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20111112121737\/http:\/\/www.iaea.org\/newscenter\/news\/pdf\/lynas-report2011.pdf\">Report of the International Review Mission on the Radiation Safety Aspects of a Proposed Rare Earths Processing Facility (Lynas Project)<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). (29 May \u2013 3 June 2011). International Atomic Energy Agency. 2011\u00a0[2018-02-15]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iaea.org\/newscenter\/news\/pdf\/lynas-report2011.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2011-11-12\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-97\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Rofer, Cheryl K.; T\u00f5nis Kaasik. Turning a Problem Into a Resource: Remediation and Waste Management at the Sillam\u00e4e Site, Estonia. Volume 28 of NATO science series: Disarmament technologies. Springer. 2000: 229.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-7923-6187-9\">ISBN\u00a0978-0-7923-6187-9<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-98\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Anneli Reigas.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120513001130\/https:\/\/www.google.com\/hostednews\/afp\/article\/ALeqM5itXbI57zv-lwfcaFdBdh7UZXuVuA?docId=CNG.a00f68010092a06189a0276c763e93a4.141\">Estonia&#8217;s rare earth break China&#8217;s market grip<\/a>. AFP. 2010-11-30\u00a0[2010-12-01]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/hostednews\/afp\/article\/ALeqM5itXbI57zv-lwfcaFdBdh7UZXuVuA?docId=CNG.a00f68010092a06189a0276c763e93a4.141\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2012-05-13\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-99\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Cone, Tracie.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615124340\/https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/money\/business\/2013\/07\/21\/gold-rush-era-discards-could-fuel-cellphones-tvs\/2572761\/\">Gold Rush Trash is Information Age Treasure<\/a>. USA Today. 2013-07-21\u00a0[2013-07-21]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/money\/business\/2013\/07\/21\/gold-rush-era-discards-could-fuel-cellphones-tvs\/2572761\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-15\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-100\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.today\/20120723024000\/http:\/\/www.brightwire.com\/news\/207869-japan-discovers-domestic-rare-earths-reserve\">Japan Discovers Domestic Rare Earths Reserve<\/a>. BrightWire. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.brightwire.com\/news\/207869-japan-discovers-domestic-rare-earths-reserve\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2012-07-23\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-101\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.brightwire.com\/news\/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&amp;fuzzy_path=\/fuzzy_search\/entity&amp;q=rare%20earth\">Brightwire<\/a>.\u00a0[2017-02-10].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-102\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161220114144\/http:\/\/asia.nikkei.com\/Japan-Update\/Seabed-offers-brighter-hope-in-rare-earth-hunt\">Seabed offers brighter hope in rare-earth hunt<\/a>. Nikkei Asian Review. Nikkei Inc. 2014-11-25\u00a0[2016-12-11]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/asia.nikkei.com\/Japan-Update\/Seabed-offers-brighter-hope-in-rare-earth-hunt\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2016-12-20\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-103\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180620002602\/https:\/\/www.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/en\/utokyo-research\/research-news\/discovery-of-rare-earths-around-minami-torishima\/\">Discovery of rare earths around Minami-Torishima<\/a>. UTokyo Research. University of Tokyo. 2013-05-02\u00a0[2016-12-11]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/en\/utokyo-research\/research-news\/discovery-of-rare-earths-around-minami-torishima\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2018-06-20\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-104\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zhi Li, Ling; Yang, Xiaosheng.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200119193604\/http:\/\/www.eurare.eu\/docs\/eres2014\/firstSession\/XiaoshengYang.pdf\">China&#8217;s rare earth ore deposits and beneficiation techniques<\/a>\u00a0(PDF). 1st European Rare Earth Resources Conference. Milos, Greece: European Commission for the &#8216;Development of a sustainable exploitation scheme for Europe&#8217;s Rare Earth ore deposits&#8217;. 2014-09-04\u00a0[2016-12-11]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eurare.eu\/docs\/eres2014\/firstSession\/XiaoshengYang.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u00a0(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2020-01-19\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-105\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Um, Namil. Hydrometallurgical recovery process of rare earth elements from waste: main application of acid leaching with devised diagram. INTECH. July 2017: 41\u201360.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-953-51-3401-5\">ISBN\u00a0978-953-51-3401-5<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-106\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170729112611\/http:\/\/www.recyclinginternational.com\/recycling-news\/6976\/research-and-legislation\/belgium\/new-liquid-extraction-frontier-rare-earths\">New liquid extraction frontier for rare earths?<\/a>. Recycling International. 2013-03-26\u00a0[2017-02-10]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.recyclinginternational.com\/recycling-news\/6976\/research-and-legislation\/belgium\/new-liquid-extraction-frontier-rare-earths\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2017-07-29\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-107\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Tabuchi, Hiroko.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220622084534\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/10\/05\/business\/global\/05recycle.html\">Japan Recycles Minerals From Used Electronics<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_York_Times\">New York Times<\/a>. 2010-10-05\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/10\/05\/business\/global\/05recycle.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-22\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-108\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140421050640\/http:\/\/www.rhodia.com\/en\/news_center\/news_releases\/Recycle_rare_earths_031011.tcm\">Rhodia to recycle rare earths from magnets<\/a>. Solvay \u2014 Rhodia. 2011-10-03. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rhodia.com\/en\/news_center\/news_releases\/Recycle_rare_earths_031011.tcm\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2014-04-21\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-109\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170729112600\/http:\/\/www.recyclinginternational.com\/recycling-news\/3948\/e-waste-and-batteries\/france\/rhodia-expands-rare-earth-recycling-reach\">Rhodia expands rare earth recycling reach<\/a>. Recycling International. 2011-10-11\u00a0[2017-02-10]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.recyclinginternational.com\/recycling-news\/3948\/e-waste-and-batteries\/france\/rhodia-expands-rare-earth-recycling-reach\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2017-07-29\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-110\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Wencai Zhang; Mohammad Rezaee; Abhijit Bhagavatula; Yonggai Li; John Groppo; Rick Honaker. A Review of the Occurrence and Promising Recovery Methods of Rare Earth Elements from Coal and Coal By-Products. International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization. 2015,\u00a0<strong>35<\/strong>\u00a0(6): 295\u2013330.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:128509001\">S2CID\u00a0128509001<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F19392699.2015.1033097\">doi:10.1080\/19392699.2015.1033097<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-zhou2015_111-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>108.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-zhou2015_111-1\"><sup><strong>108.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Zhou, Baolu; Li, Zhongxue; Chen, Congcong. Global Potential of Rare Earth Resources and Rare Earth Demand from Clean Technologies. Minerals. 2017-10-25,\u00a0<strong>7<\/strong>\u00a0(11): 203.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2017Mine....7..203Z\">Bibcode:2017Mine&#8230;.7..203Z<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fmin7110203\">doi:10.3390\/min7110203<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">.\u00a0<q>See production in Figure 1 on page 2<\/q><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-USGS2019_112-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>109.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-USGS2019_112-1\"><sup><strong>109.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180609130453\/https:\/\/minerals.usgs.gov\/minerals\/pubs\/mcs\/\">Mineral Commodity Summaries 2019<\/a>. Mineral Commodity Summaries. 2019: 132\u00a0[2022-06-06].\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:239335855\">S2CID\u00a0239335855<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3133%2F70202434\">doi:10.3133\/70202434<\/a>. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/centers\/nmic\/mineral-commodity-summaries\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2018-06-09\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-113\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=F._J._Duarte&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">F. J. Duarte<\/a>\u00a0(Ed.),\u00a0<em>Tunable Lasers Handbook<\/em>\u00a0(Academic, New York, 1995).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Pang_114-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>111.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Pang_114-1\"><sup><strong>111.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Pang, Xin; Li, Decheng; Peng, An.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220623071752\/https:\/\/ir.rcees.ac.cn\/handle\/311016\/23951\">Application of rare-earth elements in the agriculture of China and its environmental behavior in soil<\/a>. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2002-03-01,\u00a0<strong>9<\/strong>\u00a0(2): 143\u20138\u00a0[2022-06-06].\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0944-1344\">ISSN\u00a00944-1344<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12008295\">PMID\u00a012008295<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:11359274\">S2CID\u00a011359274<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2FBF02987462\">doi:10.1007\/BF02987462<\/a>. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/ir.rcees.ac.cn\/handle\/311016\/23951\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-23\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Kyung_115-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>112.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Kyung_115-1\"><sup><strong>112.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Kyung_115-2\"><sup><strong>112.2<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Kyung_115-3\"><sup><strong>112.3<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Kyung_115-4\"><sup><strong>112.4<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Rim, Kyung-Taek. Effects of rare earth elements on the environment and human health: A literature review. Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences. 2016-09-01,\u00a0<strong>8<\/strong>\u00a0(3): 189\u2013200.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/2005-9752\">ISSN\u00a02005-9752<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:17407586\">S2CID\u00a017407586<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs13530-016-0276-y\">doi:10.1007\/s13530-016-0276-y<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Ali_123%E2%80%93134_116-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>113.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Ali_123%E2%80%93134_116-1\"><sup><strong>113.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Ali, Saleem H. Social and Environmental Impact of the Rare Earth Industries. Resources. 2014-02-13,\u00a0<strong>3<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 123\u2013134.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fresources3010123\">doi:10.3390\/resources3010123<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-rizk_117-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>114.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-rizk_117-1\"><sup><strong>114.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Rizk, Shirley.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210414035732\/https:\/\/www.eib.org\/en\/stories\/digital-footprint\">What colour is the cloud?<\/a>. European Investment Bank. 2019-06-21\u00a0[2020-09-17]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eib.org\/en\/stories\/digital-footprint\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2021-04-14\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-standaert_118-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>115.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-standaert_118-1\"><sup><strong>115.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Standaert, Michael.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220709042527\/https:\/\/e360.yale.edu\/features\/china-wrestles-with-the-toxic-aftermath-of-rare-earth-mining\">China Wrestles with the Toxic Aftermath of Rare Earth Mining<\/a>. Yale Environment 360. Yale School of the Environment. 2019-07-02\u00a0[2021-06-16]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/e360.yale.edu\/features\/china-wrestles-with-the-toxic-aftermath-of-rare-earth-mining\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-07-09\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Volokh_119-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>116.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Volokh_119-1\"><sup><strong>116.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Volokh, A. A.; Gorbunov, A. V.; Gundorina, S. F.; Revich, B. A.; Frontasyeva, M. V.; Chen Sen Pal. Phosphorus fertilizer production as a source of rare-earth elements pollution of the environment. Science of the Total Environment. 1990-06-01,\u00a0<strong>95<\/strong>: 141\u2013148.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/1990ScTEn..95..141V\">Bibcode:1990ScTEn..95..141V<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0048-9697\">ISSN\u00a00048-9697<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/2169646\">PMID\u00a02169646<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2F0048-9697%2890%2990059-4\">doi:10.1016\/0048-9697(90)90059-4<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-120\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bourzac, Katherine.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/energy\/26655\/?p1=MstCom\">&#8220;Can the US Rare-Earth Industry Rebound?&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120514220351\/http:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/energy\/26655\/?p1=MstCom\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09\u00a0<em>Technology Review<\/em>. October 29, 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-121\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110725170447\/http:\/\/www.chinamining.org\/News\/2010-05-21\/1274404411d36358.html\">Govt cracks whip on rare earth mining<\/a>. China Mining Association. 2010-05-21\u00a0[2010-06-03]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chinamining.org\/News\/2010-05-21\/1274404411d36358.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2011-07-25\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-122\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Lee Yong-tim.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220420055708\/https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/china_pollution-20080222.html\">South China Villagers Slam Pollution From Rare Earth Mine<\/a>. Radio Free Asia. 2008-02-22\u00a0[2008-03-16]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/china_pollution-20080222.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-20\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-NYT_123-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>120.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-NYT_123-1\"><sup><strong>120.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Keith_Bradsher&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Bradsher, Keith<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220625155338\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/10\/30\/business\/global\/30rare.html\">After China&#8217;s Rare Earth Embargo, a New Calculus<\/a>. The New York Times. 2010-10-29\u00a0[2010-10-30]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/10\/30\/business\/global\/30rare.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-25\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-124\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615083708\/https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/328637201_Rare_earth_elements_removal_techniques_from_waterwastewater_A_review\">Rare earth elements removal technisues<\/a>.\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/328637201_Rare_earth_elements_removal_techniques_from_waterwastewater_A_review\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-15\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-125\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220416132125\/https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6471397\/\">Recovery of rare earth elements from wastewater<\/a>.\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6471397\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-16\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-126\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210607160620\/https:\/\/lirias.kuleuven.be\/retrieve\/325732\">Towards zero-waste valorization of rare earth elements<\/a>.\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/lirias.kuleuven.be\/retrieve\/325732\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2021-06-07\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-127\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Yang, Xiuli; Zhang, Junwei; Fang, Xihui. Rare earth element recycling from waste nickel-metal hydride batteries. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2014-08-30,\u00a0<strong>279<\/strong>: 384\u2013388.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0304-3894\">ISSN\u00a00304-3894<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25089667\">PMID\u00a025089667<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2014.07.027\">doi:10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2014.07.027<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-sciencedirect.com_128-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>125.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-sciencedirect.com_128-1\"><sup><strong>125.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Chua, H. Bio-accumulation of environmental residues of rare earth elements in aquatic flora\u00a0<em>Eichhornia crassipes<\/em>\u00a0(Mart.) Solms in Guangdong Province of China. Science of the Total Environment. 1998-06-18,\u00a0<strong>214<\/strong>\u00a0(1\u20133): 79\u201385.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/1998ScTEn.214...79C\">Bibcode:1998ScTEn.214&#8230;79C<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0048-9697\">ISSN\u00a00048-9697<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2FS0048-9697%2898%2900055-2\">doi:10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00055-2<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Rim_129-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>126.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Rim_129-1\"><sup><strong>126.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Rim, Kyung Taek; Koo, Kwon Ho; Park, Jung Sun.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3601293\">Toxicological Evaluations of Rare Earths and Their Health Impacts to Workers: A Literature Review<\/a>. Safety and Health at Work. 2013,\u00a0<strong>4<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 12\u201326.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3601293\">PMC\u00a03601293<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23516020\">PMID\u00a023516020<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5491%2Fshaw.2013.4.1.12\">doi:10.5491\/shaw.2013.4.1.12<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-sun_130-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>127.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-sun_130-1\"><sup><strong>127.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-sun_130-2\"><sup><strong>127.2<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Sun, Guangyi; Li, Zhonggen; Liu, Ting; Chen, Ji; Wu, Tingting; Feng, Xinbin.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210225013613\/http:\/\/ir.ihb.ac.cn\/handle\/342005\/30223\">Rare earth elements in street dust and associated health risk in a municipal industrial base of central China<\/a>. Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 2017-12-01,\u00a0<strong>39<\/strong>\u00a0(6): 1469\u20131486\u00a0[2022-06-06].\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0269-4042\">ISSN\u00a00269-4042<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28550599\">PMID\u00a028550599<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:31655372\">S2CID\u00a031655372<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs10653-017-9982-x\">doi:10.1007\/s10653-017-9982-x<\/a>. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/ir.ihb.ac.cn\/handle\/342005\/30223\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2021-02-25\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-ramos_131-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>128.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-ramos_131-1\"><sup><strong>128.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-ramos_131-2\"><sup><strong>128.2<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Ramos, Silvio J.; Dinali, Guilherme S.; Oliveira, Cynthia; Martins, Gabriel C.; Moreira, Cristiano G.; Siqueira, Jos\u00e9 O.; Guilherme, Luiz R. G. Rare Earth Elements in the Soil Environment. Current Pollution Reports. 2016-03-01,\u00a0<strong>2<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 28\u201350.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/2198-6592\">ISSN\u00a02198-6592<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs40726-016-0026-4\">doi:10.1007\/s40726-016-0026-4<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-132\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Li, Xiaofei; Chen, Zhibiao; Chen, Zhiqiang; Zhang, Yonghe. A human health risk assessment of rare earth elements in soil and vegetables from a mining area in Fujian Province, Southeast China. Chemosphere. 2013-10-01,\u00a0<strong>93<\/strong>\u00a0(6): 1240\u20131246.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2013Chmsp..93.1240L\">Bibcode:2013Chmsp..93.1240L<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/0045-6535\">ISSN\u00a00045-6535<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23891580\">PMID\u00a023891580<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.chemosphere.2013.06.085\">doi:10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.06.085<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-133\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zhuang, Maoqiang; Wang, Liansen; Wu, Guangjian; Wang, Kebo; Jiang, Xiaofeng; Liu, Taibin; Xiao, Peirui; Yu, Lianlong; Jiang, Ying.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5575011\">Health risk assessment of rare earth elements in cereals from mining area in Shandong, China<\/a>. Scientific Reports. 2017-08-29,\u00a0<strong>7<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 9772.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2017NatSR...7.9772Z\">Bibcode:2017NatSR&#8230;7.9772Z<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/2045-2322\">ISSN\u00a02045-2322<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5575011\">PMC\u00a05575011<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28852170\">PMID\u00a028852170<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41598-017-10256-7\">doi:10.1038\/s41598-017-10256-7<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-134\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Zhong, Buqing; Wang, Lingqing; Liang, Tao; Xing, Baoshan. Pollution level and inhalation exposure of ambient aerosol fluoride as affected by polymetallic rare earth mining and smelting in Baotou, north China. Atmospheric Environment. October 2017,\u00a0<strong>167<\/strong>: 40\u201348.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2017AtmEn.167...40Z\">Bibcode:2017AtmEn.167&#8230;40Z<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2017.08.014\">doi:10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2017.08.014<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Bl01_135-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>132.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Bl01_135-1\"><sup><strong>132.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Lee, Yoolim,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/2011-05-31\/malaysia-rare-earths-in-largest-would-be-refinery-incite-protest.html\">&#8220;Malaysia Rare Earths in Largest Would-Be Refinery Incite Protest&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140911001724\/https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/2011-05-31\/malaysia-rare-earths-in-largest-would-be-refinery-incite-protest.html\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09,\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bloomberg_L.P.\">Bloomberg Markets Magazine<\/a><\/em>, May 31, 2011 5:00 PM ET.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-WIS_136-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210414064456\/https:\/\/www.wiseinternational.org\/node\/999\">Malaysia court rejects pollution suit against ARE<\/a>. World Information Service on Energy. 1994-02-11\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wiseinternational.org\/node\/999\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2021-04-14\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Pagano_137-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>134.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Pagano_137-1\"><sup><strong>134.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Pagano_137-2\"><sup><strong>134.2<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Pagano_137-3\"><sup><strong>134.3<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-Pagano_137-4\"><sup><strong>134.4<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Pagano, Giovanni; Aliberti, Francesco; Guida, Marco; Oral, Rahime; Siciliano, Antonietta; Trifuoggi, Marco; Tommasi, Franca. Rare earth elements in human and animal health: State of art and research priorities. Environmental Research. 2015,\u00a0<strong>142<\/strong>: 215\u2013220.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2015ER....142..215P\">Bibcode:2015ER&#8230;.142..215P<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26164116\">PMID\u00a026164116<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.envres.2015.06.039\">doi:10.1016\/j.envres.2015.06.039<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-138\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Redling, Kerstin.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615124341\/https:\/\/edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de\/5936\/\">Rare Earth Elements in Agriculture with Emphasis on Animal Husbandry<\/a>\u00a0(\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587). LMU M\u00fcnchen: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. 2006\u00a0[2018-04-05]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de\/5936\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-15\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-139\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-pacific-13593213\">&#8220;UN investigation into Malaysia rare-earth plant safety&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220622010100\/https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-pacific-13593213\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BBC\">BBC<\/a>, 30 May 2011 05:52 ET.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-140\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.iaea.org\/newscenter\/news\/2011\/malaysiamissionreport.html\">IAEA Submits Lynas Report to Malaysian Government<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20121007140824\/http:\/\/www.iaea.org\/newscenter\/news\/2011\/malaysiamissionreport.html\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09. Iaea.org (2011-06-29). Retrieved on 2011-09-27.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-141\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Tim Heffernan.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211103103815\/https:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/47.11\/why-rare-earth-mining-in-the-west-is-a-bust\">Why rare-earth mining in the West is a bust<\/a>. High Country News. 2015-06-16\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hcn.org\/issues\/47.11\/why-rare-earth-mining-in-the-west-is-a-bust\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2021-11-03\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-142\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220621090757\/https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/greenland-votes-split-on-rare-earth-metals-mining\/a-57113587\">Greenland votes, split on rare earth metals mining | DW | 06.04.2021<\/a>. DW.COM.\u00a0[2021-04-07]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/greenland-votes-split-on-rare-earth-metals-mining\/a-57113587\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-21\uff09\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u56fd\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-143\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/blogs\/babbage\/2010\/09\/rare-earth_metals\">&#8220;The Difference Engine: More precious than gold&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180423192601\/https:\/\/www.economist.com\/blogs\/babbage\/2010\/09\/rare-earth_metals\">\u9875\u9762\u5b58\u6863\u5907\u4efd<\/a>\uff0c\u5b58\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86\">\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6863\u6848\u9986<\/a>\uff09.\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Economist\">The Economist<\/a><\/em>\u00a0September 17, 2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-144\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Barakos, G; Gutzmer, J; Mischo, H. Strategic evaluations and mining process optimization towards a strong global REE supply chain. Journal of Sustainable Mining. 2016,\u00a0<strong>15<\/strong>\u00a0(1): 26\u201335.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jsm.2016.05.002\">doi:10.1016\/j.jsm.2016.05.002<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-145\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220610222900\/https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/v\/valuechain.asp\">Value Chain<\/a>. Investopedia.\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/v\/valuechain.asp\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-10\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-146\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Dian L. Chu.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220624033304\/https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/seventeen-metals-the-middle-east-has-oil-china-has-rare-earth-2011-1\">Seventeen Metals: &#8216;The Middle East has oil, China has rare earth&#8217;<\/a>. Business Insider. 2010-11-11\u00a0[2022-06-06]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/seventeen-metals-the-middle-east-has-oil-china-has-rare-earth-2011-1\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-24\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-147\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Cox, C.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080421031137\/http:\/\/theanchorhouse.com\/2006\/11\/\">Rare earth innovation: the silent shift to China<\/a>. The Anchor House, Inc. 2006-11-16\u00a0[2008-02-29]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/theanchorhouse.com\/2006\/11\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2008-04-21\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-nytimes_148-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Bradsher, Keith.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220423200732\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/09\/23\/business\/global\/23rare.html?_r=1&amp;partner=rss&amp;emc=rss\">Amid Tension, China Blocks Vital Exports to Japan<\/a>. The New York Times Company. 2010-09-22\u00a0[2010-09-22]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/09\/23\/business\/global\/23rare.html?_r=1&amp;partner=rss&amp;emc=rss\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-04-23\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-wsjs_149-0\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0James T. Areddy, David Fickling And Norihiko Shirouzu.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220615124340\/https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424052748704062804575509640345070222?mod=WSJ_hps_LEFTTopStories\">China Denies Halting Rare-Earth Exports to Japan<\/a>. Wall Street Journal. 2010-09-23\u00a0[2010-09-22]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/SB10001424052748704062804575509640345070222?mod=WSJ_hps_LEFTTopStories\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-06-15\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-150\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/finance\/newsbysector\/industry\/mining\/7970872\/Backlash-over-China-curb-on-metal-exports.html\">Backlash over China curb on metal exports<\/a>. The Telegraph. 2010-08-29\u00a0[2025-02-07]\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-#1_151-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>148.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-#1_151-1\"><sup><strong>148.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Mills, Mark P.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/markpmills\/2011\/01\/01\/techs-mineral-infrastructure-time-to-emulate-chinas-rare-earth-policies\/\">Tech&#8217;s Mineral Infrastructure &#8211; Time to Emulate China&#8217;s Rare Earth Policies<\/a>. Forbes.\u00a0[2025-02-07]\u00a0<strong>\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-152\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Simpson, S. Afghanistan&#8217;s Buried Riches. Scientific American. October 2011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-153\">^<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Trakimavicius, Lukas.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220215100817\/https:\/\/energypost.eu\/eu-u-s-exploring-new-sources-of-rare-earth-minerals-should-china-limit-exports\/\">EU, U.S. exploring new sources of Rare Earth Minerals, should China limit exports<\/a>. Energy Post. 2021-02-25\u00a0[2021-02-25]. \uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/energypost.eu\/eu-u-s-exploring-new-sources-of-rare-earth-minerals-should-china-limit-exports\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2022-02-15\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-:0_154-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\uff1a<sup><strong>151.0<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0#cite_ref-:0_154-1\"><sup><strong>151.1<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Overland, Indra. The geopolitics of renewable energy: Debunking four emerging myths. Energy Research &amp; Social Science. 2019-03-01,\u00a0<strong>49<\/strong>: 36\u201340.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/issn\/2214-6296\">ISSN\u00a02214-6296<\/a>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.erss.2018.10.018\">doi:10.1016\/j.erss.2018.10.018<\/a>\u202f<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"9\" height=\"14\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/65\/Lock-green.svg\/20px-Lock-green.svg.png\" alt=\"\u53ef\u514d\u8d39\u67e5\u9605\">.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"External_links\">5. \u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5 | External links<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"2\">External media<\/th><\/tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\">Audio<\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Nuvola_apps_arts.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/distillations\/podcast\/rare-earths-the-hidden-cost-to-their-magic\">&#8220;Rare Earths: The Hidden Cost to Their Magic&#8221;<\/a>, Distillations Podcast and transcript, Episode 242, June 25, 2019,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Science_History_Institute\">Science History Institute<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\">Video<\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencehistory.org\/rare-earth-elements-project\">&#8220;10 ways rare earth elements make life better&#8221;<\/a>, animation,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Science_History_Institute\">Science History Institute<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=aglMNj4hld0\">&#8220;Rare-Earth Elements: The Intersection of Science and Society&#8221;<\/a>, presentation and discussion led by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ira_Flatow\">Ira Flatow<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Science_History_Institute\">Science History Institute<\/a>, September 24, 2019<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Media related to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Rare_earth_elements\">Rare earth elements<\/a>\u00a0at Wikimedia Commons \/ <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"16\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png\" alt=\"\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90\">\u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/a>\u4e0a\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Rare_earth_elements\">\u7a00\u571f\u5143\u7d20<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/EBchecked\/topic\/491579\">Rare-earth element<\/a>\u00a0at the\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\">Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u70b9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[165,121],"tags":[155,101],"class_list":["post-5731","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-165","category-chemical-industry","tag-155","tag-101"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5731","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5731"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5731\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5731"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5731"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}