{"id":610,"date":"2023-08-06T17:56:53","date_gmt":"2023-08-06T09:56:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/?p=610"},"modified":"2024-07-14T23:42:08","modified_gmt":"2024-07-14T15:42:08","slug":"rotterdam-zhen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2023\/08\/06\/rotterdam-zhen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39 Rotterdam &#8211; \u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u878d\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u4e2d\u6587\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E9%B9%BF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><br>\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rotterdam\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><br>\u672c\u6587\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u5145\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff08Wikipedia\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u767e\u79d1\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5ba2\u89c2\u770b\u5f85\u3002\u6b63\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u8bd1\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">\u8fbd\u89c2\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\u3002<strong>\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<cite>\u8fbd\u89c2\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e00\u9053\u9075\u5b88<a href=\"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/2023\/06\/23\/hello-world\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CC-BY-SA 4.0\u5171\u4eab\u534f\u8bae<\/a>\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f72\u540d\u4e14\u9075\u5b88\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u514d\u8d39\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5546\u7528\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6807\u6ce8\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff1b<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/666846485\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/666846485\">\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6587\u672c\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a>\u3002<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u6b63\u6587\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e\u77e5\u4e4e\u4e13\u680f\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u6982\u51b5\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/667508191\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/667508191\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6559\u80b2\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/662047282\/\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u6587\u5316\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/662049539\/\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4f53\u80b2\u3001\u8d2d\u7269\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/662054801\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u90e8\u5206 \uff08\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u77e5\u540d\u5e02\u6c11\u3001\u5728\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff09&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/662059046\">\u8bf7\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbf\u95ee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color\" id=\"seealso\">2. \u53c2\u89c1\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u6761\uff09| See also<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png\" width=\"12\" height=\"16\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x\">&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90\">\u7ef4\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/a>\u4e0a\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Category:Rotterdam\">\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World%27s_busiest_ports\">World&#8217;s busiest ports<\/a>, by type of port (a &#8220;list of lists&#8221;)\u3010\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u7e41\u5fd9\u7684\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u6309\u6e2f\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u3011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"zhref\">3.1 \u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6761<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol style=\"list-style-type:1\" class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/collegebenw\">College van b en w [Board of mayor and aldermen]<\/a>. Gemeente Rotterdam.&nbsp;[2014-12-10]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150101172852\/http:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/collegebenw\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2015-01-01\uff09&nbsp;<strong>\uff08\u8377\u5170\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/statline.cbs.nl\/\">Kerncijfers wijken en buurten [\u5730\u533a\u5173\u952e\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57]<\/a>. \u8377\u5170\u4e2d\u592e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%B1%80\">\u8377\u5170\u4e2d\u592e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40<\/a>. 2013-07-02&nbsp;[2014-03-12]&nbsp;<strong>\uff08\u8377\u5170\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-tno_randstad_3-0\">\u8df3\u8f6c\u81f3\uff1a<strong><sup><strong><sup>3.0<\/sup><\/strong><\/sup><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-tno_randstad_3-1\"><strong><sup><strong><sup>3.1<\/sup><\/strong><\/sup><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Anita Bouman\u2013Eijs; Thijmen van Bree; Wouter Jonkhoff; Olaf Koops; Walter Manshanden; Elmer Rietveld.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140303212054\/http:\/\/www.zuidvleugel.nl\/sites\/www.zuidvleugel.nl\/files\/article\/downloads\/top_20_europese_grootstedelijke_regios_1995_2011_tno_2012_r11155.pdf\">De Top 20 van Europese grootstedelijke regio&#8217;s 1995\u20132011; Randstad Holland in internationaal perspectief [Top 20 of European metropolitan regions 1995\u20132011; Randstad Holland compared internationally]<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;(\u6280\u672f\u62a5\u544a). Delft:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">TNO<\/a>. 17 December 2012&nbsp;[2013-07-25]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.zuidvleugel.nl\/sites\/www.zuidvleugel.nl\/files\/article\/downloads\/top_20_europese_grootstedelijke_regios_1995_2011_tno_2012_r11155.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2014-03-03\uff09&nbsp;<strong>\uff08\u8377\u5170\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-AHN_4-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ahn.nl\/postcodetool\">Postcodetool for 3011AD<\/a>. Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland. Het Waterschapshuis.&nbsp;[2013-08-20]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181226132106\/http:\/\/www.ahn.nl\/postcodetool%0A\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2018-12-26\uff09&nbsp;<strong>\uff08\u8377\u5170\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/statline.cbs.nl\/StatWeb\/publication\/?DM=SLNL&amp;PA=37230NED&amp;D1=17-18&amp;D2=57-650&amp;D3=l&amp;LA=EN&amp;HDR=T&amp;STB=G1,G2&amp;VW=T\">Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand [Population growth; regions per month]<\/a>. \u8377\u5170\u4e2d\u592e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%B1%80\">\u8377\u5170\u4e2d\u592e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40<\/a>. 1 January 2019&nbsp;[2019\u5e741\u67081\u65e5]&nbsp;<strong>\uff08\u8377\u5170\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/statline.cbs.nl\/StatWeb\/publication\/?DM=SLNL&amp;PA=37230ned&amp;D1=17&amp;D2=57-100&amp;D3=l&amp;LA=EN&amp;HDR=G2&amp;STB=G1,T&amp;VW=T\">Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand [Population growth; regions per month]<\/a>. CBS Statline.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%B1%80\">CBS<\/a>. 26 June 2014&nbsp;[2014-07-24]&nbsp;<strong>\uff08\u8377\u5170\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/mrdh.nl\/over-mrdh\">Over de Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag<\/a>. MRDH.nl. 2014&nbsp;[2014-10-07]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20141010182523\/http:\/\/mrdh.nl\/over-mrdh\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2014-10-10\uff09.&nbsp;De Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag is het gebied dat nu de huidige stadregio\u2019s Rotterdam en Haaglanden omvat. Binnen dat gebied gaan de 24 gemeenten hun krachten bundelen in het samenwerkingsverband Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag om de internationale concurrentiepositie van de regio te versterken. De Metropoolregio regio heeft 2,2 miljoen inwoners.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nrc.nl\/nieuws\/2011\/02\/04\/randstadprovincies-onderzoeken-fusie\/\">\u5b58\u6863\u526f\u672c<\/a>.&nbsp;[2012-02-18]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160316142559\/http:\/\/www.nrc.nl\/nieuws\/2011\/02\/04\/randstadprovincies-onderzoeken-fusie\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2016-03-16\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160304231416\/http:\/\/www.klimaatatlas.nl\/tabel\/stationsdata\/klimtab_8110_344.pdf\">Klimaattabel Rotterdam, langjarige gemiddelden, tijdvak 1981\u20132010<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%A3%E8%B1%A1%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute<\/a>.&nbsp;[2013-09-10]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.klimaatatlas.nl\/tabel\/stationsdata\/klimtab_8110_344.pdf\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2016-03-04\uff09&nbsp;<strong>\uff08\u8377\u5170\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.knmi.nl\/klimatologie\/normalen1971-2000\/per_station\/stn344\/5-extremen\/344_extremen.pdf\">Klimaattabel Rotterdam, langjarige extremen, tijdvak 1971\u20132000<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF). Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute.&nbsp;[2013-09-10]&nbsp;<strong>\uff08\u8377\u5170\u8bed\uff09<\/strong>.[<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5\">\u5931\u6548\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>]<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbs.nl\/nl-nl\/maatwerk\/2014\/40\/kerkelijkheid-en-kerkbezoek-2010-2013\">Kerkelijkheid en kerkbezoek, 2010\/2013<\/a>. Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek.&nbsp;[2018-06-19]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190621105812\/https:\/\/www.cbs.nl\/nl-nl\/maatwerk\/2014\/40\/kerkelijkheid-en-kerkbezoek-2010-2013\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2019-06-21\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-12\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wdw.nl\/\">Witte de With museum<\/a>.&nbsp;[2008-05-15]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080519121705\/http:\/\/www.wdw.nl\/\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2008-05-19\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.maritiemmuseum.nl\/\">Maritiem Museum official site<\/a>.&nbsp;[2008-05-15]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20010220183748\/http:\/\/www.maritiemmuseum.nl\/\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2001-02-20\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-14\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080705225932\/http:\/\/www.dedelft.com\/\">Scheepswerf &#8216;De Delft&#8217; official site<\/a>.&nbsp;[2008-05-15]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dedelft.com\/\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2008-07-05\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20050308113741\/http:\/\/inghouse.ing.com\/intra\/eng\/buildings\/delftsepoort.html\">ING building brief<\/a>.&nbsp;[2008-05-15]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/inghouse.ing.com\/intra\/eng\/buildings\/delftsepoort.html\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2005-03-08\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-16\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070928003656\/http:\/\/www.skyscrapercity.info\/100.php?id=4&amp;bid=1\">Sky Scraper City ING site<\/a>.&nbsp;[2008-05-15]. \uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.skyscrapercity.info\/100.php?id=4&amp;bid=1\">\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<\/a>\u5b58\u6863\u4e8e2007-09-28\uff09.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-17\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#post17425220\">Sky scraper city project view<\/a>.&nbsp;[2008-05-15]. \uff08\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9<a href=\"#post17425220\">\u5b58\u6863<\/a>\u4e8e2008-10-05\uff09.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color\" id=\"enref\">3.2 \u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6761<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color\">4.1 \u5f15\u7528\u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol style=\"list-style-type:1\" class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/collegebenw\">&#8220;College van b en w&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Board of mayor and aldermen] (in Dutch). Gemeente Rotterdam.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150101172852\/http:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/collegebenw\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved&nbsp;10 December&nbsp;2014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#\/CBS\/nl\/dataset\/84799NED\/table?dl=41062\">&#8220;Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2020&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Key figures for neighbourhoods 2020].&nbsp;<em>StatLine<\/em>&nbsp;(in Dutch).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_Netherlands\">CBS<\/a>. 24 July 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;19 September&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-tno_randstad_3-0\">Jump up to:<strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>a<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-tno_randstad_3-1\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>b<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Anita Bouman\u2013Eijs; Thijmen van Bree; Wouter Jonkhoff; Olaf Koops; Walter Manshanden; Elmer Rietveld (17 December 2012).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140303212054\/http:\/\/www.zuidvleugel.nl\/sites\/www.zuidvleugel.nl\/files\/article\/downloads\/top_20_europese_grootstedelijke_regios_1995_2011_tno_2012_r11155.pdf\"><em>De Top 20 van Europese grootstedelijke regio&#8217;s 1995\u20132011; Randstad Holland in internationaal perspectief<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;[<em>Top 20 of European metropolitan regions 1995\u20132011; Randstad Holland compared internationally<\/em>]&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;(Technical report) (in Dutch). Delft:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netherlands_Organisation_for_Applied_Scientific_Research\">TNO<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.zuidvleugel.nl\/sites\/www.zuidvleugel.nl\/files\/article\/downloads\/top_20_europese_grootstedelijke_regios_1995_2011_tno_2012_r11155.pdf\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;on 3 March 2014. Retrieved&nbsp;25 July&nbsp;2013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-AHN_4-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ahn.nl\/postcodetool\">&#8220;Postcodetool for 3011AD&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland<\/em>&nbsp;(in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130921053543\/http:\/\/www.ahn.nl\/postcodetool\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved&nbsp;20 August&nbsp;2013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-MetroRtH_5-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/mrdh.nl\/over-mrdh\">&#8220;Over de Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag&#8221;<\/a>. MRDH.nl. 2014.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20141010182523\/http:\/\/mrdh.nl\/over-mrdh\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved&nbsp;7 October&nbsp;2014.&nbsp;De Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag is het gebied dat nu de huidige stadregio&#8217;s Rotterdam en Haaglanden omvat. Binnen dat gebied gaan de 24 gemeenten hun krachten bundelen in het samenwerkingsverband Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag om de internationale concurrentiepositie van de regio te versterken. De Metropoolregio regio heeft 2,2 miljoen inwoners.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/statline.cbs.nl\/StatWeb\/publication\/?DM=SLNL&amp;PA=37230NED&amp;D1=17-18&amp;D2=57-650&amp;D3=l&amp;LA=EN&amp;HDR=T&amp;STB=G1,G2&amp;VW=T\">&#8220;Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Population growth; regions per month].&nbsp;<em>CBS Statline<\/em>&nbsp;(in Dutch).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_Netherlands\">CBS<\/a>. 1 January 2021. Retrieved&nbsp;2 January&nbsp;2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#\/CBS\/nl\/dataset\/70072ned\/table?ts=1615235479113\">&#8220;Bevolkingsontwikkeling; Regionale kerncijfers Nederland&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Regional core figures Netherlands].&nbsp;<em>CBS Statline<\/em>&nbsp;(in Dutch).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_Netherlands\">CBS<\/a>. 1 January 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;8 March&nbsp;2021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Wells, John C. (2008),&nbsp;<em>Longman Pronunciation Dictionary<\/em>&nbsp;(3rd&nbsp;ed.), Longman,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9781405881180\">9781405881180<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Roach, Peter (2011),&nbsp;<em>Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary<\/em>&nbsp;(18th&nbsp;ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9780521152532\">9780521152532<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#\/CBS\/nl\/dataset\/37230ned\/table?ts=1578685738191\">&#8220;Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statistics_Netherlands\"><em>CBS StatLine<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;(in Dutch).&nbsp;<a href=\"#\/CBS\/nl\/dataset\/37230ned\/table?ts=1578685738191\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 25 July 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;23 July&nbsp;2021.<br>8,219,380 Randstad<br>2,620,000 Rotterdam-The Hague Metro<br>1,160,000 Rotterdam Urban<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;651,446 Rotterdam Municipality<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-12\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#\/rotterdam\/\">&#8220;Top 10 Cities\u2002: The Rough Guide to 2014&#8221;<\/a>. Rough Guides. 9 March 2015.&nbsp;<a href=\"#\/rotterdam\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 22 March 2015. Retrieved&nbsp;9 March&nbsp;2015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-Academy_of_Urbanism_13-0\">Jump up to:<strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>a<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-Academy_of_Urbanism_13-1\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>b<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.academyofurbanism.org.uk\/urbanism-awards-rotterdam-takes-top-prize\/\">&#8220;Urbanism Awards: Rotterdam takes top prize&#8221;<\/a>. Academy of Urbanism. 14 November 2014.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20141222180405\/http:\/\/www.academyofurbanism.org.uk\/urbanism-awards-rotterdam-takes-top-prize\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 22 December 2014. Retrieved&nbsp;15 December&nbsp;2014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-14\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Jan Walburg (1 August 1984).&nbsp;<em>The port of Rotterdam: Gateway to Europe<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Royal van Gorcum (1999).&nbsp;<em>Dutch Culture in a European Perspective: 1950, prosperity and welfare<\/em>.&nbsp;&#8220;Rotterdam port: Gateway to Europe&#8221; (p.151)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-16\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/news\/en\/headlines\/eu-affairs\/20140221STO36622\/gateway-to-the-world-how-eu-helped-rotterdam-to-become-europe-s-largest-port\">&#8220;Gateway to the world: how EU helped Rotterdam to become Europe&#8217;s largest port | News | European Parliament&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>europarl.europa.eu<\/em>. 21 February 2014.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190816090319\/http:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/news\/en\/headlines\/eu-affairs\/20140221STO36622\/gateway-to-the-world-how-eu-helped-rotterdam-to-become-europe-s-largest-port\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;12 May&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-17\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Vredenbregt, A.H.L.; Van Trierum, M. C. (2012). &#8220;7.6: Dating of the occupation and the different occupation phases&#8221;.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/archisarchief.cultureelerfgoed.nl\/Archis2\/Archeorapporten\/32\/AR30071\/BOORrapporten 469-1.pdf\"><em>Rotterdam Markthal, Archeological Research<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;(in Dutch) (1&nbsp;ed.). Rotterdam: Bureau Oudheidkundig Onderzoek Rotterdam. p.&nbsp;81.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210904133310\/https:\/\/archisarchief.cultureelerfgoed.nl\/Archis2\/Archeorapporten\/32\/AR30071\/BOORrapporten 469-1.pdf\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;from the original on 4 September 2021. Retrieved&nbsp;3 January&nbsp;2021.&nbsp;The habitation phase [&#8230;] starts in the middle of the 10th century (circa 950) and continues until [&#8230;] around the middle of the 11th century (circa 1050-1060). (translated)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-rotnl_18-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160305123510\/https:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/tekst:bescheiden_begin\">&#8220;Geschiedenis van Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>. Gemeente Rotterdam. 9 March 2015. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/tekst:bescheiden_begin\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 5 March 2016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-EncBrit_19-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Rotterdam-Netherlands\">&#8220;Rotterdam &#8211; City, Port, History, &amp; Facts&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Encyclopedia Britannica<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180310035028\/https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Rotterdam-Netherlands\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 10 March 2018. Retrieved&nbsp;1 March&nbsp;2018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-20\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20041220211137\/http:\/\/glasssteelandstone.com\/BuildingDetail\/229.php\">&#8220;The\u2002<em>Witte Huis<\/em>\u2002or\u2002<em>White House<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/glasssteelandstone.com\/BuildingDetail\/229.php\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 20 December 2004. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-21\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Ruis, Edwin.&nbsp;<em>Spynest. British and German Espionage from Neutral Holland 1914\u20131918<\/em>. Brimscombe: The History Press, 2016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-Evans_2008_122_123_22-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#CITEREFEvans2008\">Evans 2008<\/a>, pp.&nbsp;122\u20133.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-23\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#CITEREFBrongers2004\">Brongers 2004<\/a>, (ONR Part III), p. 235<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmersfoort2005369_24-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#CITEREFAmersfoort2005\">Amersfoort 2005<\/a>, p.&nbsp;369.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG%C3%B6tzel1980149,_150_25-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#CITEREFG%C3%B6tzel1980\">G\u00f6tzel 1980<\/a>, pp.&nbsp;149, 150.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-26\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Helen Hill Miller (October 1960). &#8220;Rotterdam &#8211; Reborn from Ruins&#8221;.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Geographic\"><em>National Geographic<\/em><\/a>.&nbsp;<strong>118<\/strong>&nbsp;(4): 526\u2013553.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-Wainwright_2013_27-0\">Jump up to:<strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>a<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-Wainwright_2013_27-1\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>b<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Wainwright, Oliver (2013).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/artanddesign\/2013\/nov\/18\/rem-koolhaas-de-rotterdam-building\">&#8220;Rem Koolhaas&#8217;s De Rotterdam: cut and paste architecture&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>The Guardian<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190103210450\/https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/artanddesign\/2013\/nov\/18\/rem-koolhaas-de-rotterdam-building\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 3 January 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;3 January&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-28\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/klimaatadaptatienederland.nl\/en\/@164058\/heat-stress\/\">&#8220;Heat Stress in Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Spatial adaptation<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230414003506\/https:\/\/klimaatadaptatienederland.nl\/en\/@164058\/heat-stress\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 14 April 2023. Retrieved&nbsp;29 April&nbsp;2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-29\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.klimaatatlas.nl\/tabel\/stationsdata\/klimtab_8110_344.pdf\">&#8220;Klimaattabel Rotterdam, langjarige gemiddelden, tijdvak 1991\u20132020&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;(in Dutch).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Netherlands_Meteorological_Institute\">Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160304231416\/http:\/\/www.klimaatatlas.nl\/tabel\/stationsdata\/klimtab_8110_344.pdf\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved&nbsp;10 September&nbsp;2013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-30\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.knmi.nl\/klimatologie\/normalen1971-2000\/per_station\/stn344\/5-extremen\/344_extremen.pdf\">&#8220;Klimaattabel Rotterdam, langjarige extremen, tijdvak 1971\u20132000&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;(in Dutch). Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute. Retrieved&nbsp;10 September&nbsp;2013.[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Link_rot\"><em>dead link<\/em><\/a>]<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-31\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/statline.cbs.nl\/Statweb\/publication\/?DM=SLNL&amp;PA=37713&amp;D1=0-8&amp;D2=0&amp;D3=1-2,6-55&amp;D4=603&amp;D5=l&amp;HDR=T,G4&amp;STB=G1,G3,G2&amp;VW=T\">&#8220;CBS StatLine \u2013 Bevolking; leeftijd, herkomstgroepering, geslacht en regio, 1 januari&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170630224048\/http:\/\/statline.cbs.nl\/Statweb\/publication\/?DM=SLNL&amp;PA=37713&amp;D1=0-8&amp;D2=0&amp;D3=1-2,6-55&amp;D4=603&amp;D5=l&amp;HDR=T,G4&amp;STB=G1,G3,G2&amp;VW=T\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved&nbsp;30 August&nbsp;2015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-32\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/world-cities\/rotterdam-population\/\">&#8220;Rotterdam Population 2018 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs)&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>worldpopulationreview.com<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181116173257\/http:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/world-cities\/rotterdam-population\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved&nbsp;16 November&nbsp;2018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-33\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Gebiedsanalyse 2006, Centrumgebied, Gemeente Rotterdam. Page 7 and 9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-34\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;World Population Review (2019).&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/countries\/netherlands-population\/cities\/\">&#8220;Population of Cities in Netherlands (2019)&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190711093539\/http:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/countries\/netherlands-population\/cities\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;11 July&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-35\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;The Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2016).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jrf.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/jrf\/files-research\/international_cities_rotterdam.pdf\">&#8220;International cities: case studies Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190711093545\/https:\/\/www.jrf.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/jrf\/files-research\/international_cities_rotterdam.pdf\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;11 July&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_36-0\">Jump up to:<strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>a<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_36-1\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>b<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Pijbes, Wim (November 2016).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/iabrotterdam.com\/iab-en\/assets\/File\/Analysis by Wim Pijbes.pdf\">&#8220;Rotterdam city of culture and tourist destination: a study&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF). Retrieved&nbsp;11 July&nbsp;2019.[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Link_rot\"><em>permanent dead link<\/em><\/a>]<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-37\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Ad van der Meer and Onno Boonstra,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20120306041851\/http:\/\/www.dans.knaw.nl\/content\/categorieen\/publicaties\/dans-data-guide-2\">Repertorium van Nederlandse gemeenten<\/a>, KNAW, 2011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-immigration_38-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Kim Jansen (2010).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20101216132930\/http:\/\/www.soros.org\/initiatives\/home\/articles_publications\/publications\/muslims-rotterdam-20101119\/a-muslims-rotterdam-report-en-20101119.pdf\">Muslims in Rotterdam<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;(Report).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_Society_Institute\">Open Society Institute<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.soros.org\/initiatives\/home\/articles_publications\/publications\/muslims-rotterdam-20101119\/a-muslims-rotterdam-report-en-20101119.pdf\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;on 16 December 2010. Retrieved&nbsp;29 December&nbsp;2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_39-0\">Jump up to:<strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>a<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_39-1\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>b<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_39-2\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>c<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_39-3\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>d<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_39-4\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>e<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_39-5\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>f<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#\/CBS\/nl\/dataset\/37713\/table\">&#8220;CBS Statline&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>opendata.cbs.nl<\/em>&nbsp;(in Dutch). Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-40\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbs.nl\/nl-nl\/maatwerk\/2014\/40\/kerkelijkheid-en-kerkbezoek-2010-2013\">&#8220;Kerkelijkheid en kerkbezoek, 2010\/2013&#8221;<\/a>. Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190621105812\/https:\/\/www.cbs.nl\/nl-nl\/maatwerk\/2014\/40\/kerkelijkheid-en-kerkbezoek-2010-2013\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 21 June 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;9 March&nbsp;2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-41\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/ponlheritage2\/\/p-o-nedlloyd\/1997-2005-the-ponl-years\">&#8220;1997-2005 &#8211; PONLHeritage&#8221;<\/a>. P&amp;O Nedlloyd.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161004074852\/https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/ponlheritage2\/\/p-o-nedlloyd\/1997-2005-the-ponl-years\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 4 October 2016. Retrieved&nbsp;24 July&nbsp;2018.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-knsexamen.nl_42-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.knsexamen.nl\/?p=227\">&#8220;Werkloosheid in Rotterdam KNSexamen: Weblog Inburgering, NT2, examen&#8221;<\/a>. Knsexamen.nl. 23 April 2009.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110724160116\/http:\/\/www.knsexamen.nl\/?p=227\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved&nbsp;12 April&nbsp;2011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-43\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090415205510\/http:\/\/www.portofrotterdam.com\/en\/home\/\">&#8220;Home&#8221;<\/a>. Port of Rotterdam. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.portofrotterdam.com\/en\/home\/\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 15 April 2009. Retrieved&nbsp;6 May&nbsp;2009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-44\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090324061111\/http:\/\/rankings.ft.com\/businessschoolrankings\/masters-in-management\">&#8220;Business School Ranking of the Financial Times 2009&#8221;<\/a>. Rankings.ft.com. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/rankings.ft.com\/businessschoolrankings\/masters-in-management\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 24 March 2009. Retrieved&nbsp;12 April&nbsp;2011.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-45\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/hospitals.webometrics.info\/en\/europe\">&#8220;Europe | Ranking Web of Hospitals&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>hospitals.webometrics.info<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170719074750\/http:\/\/hospitals.webometrics.info\/en\/europe\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 19 July 2017. Retrieved&nbsp;14 July&nbsp;2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-46\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#ranking-dataset\/595522\">&#8220;Erasmus University Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Times Higher Education (THE)<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"#ranking-dataset\/595522\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved&nbsp;14 July&nbsp;2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-BG_47-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bioscoopgeschiedenis.com\/bioscopen\/zuid-holland\/rotterdam\/cinerama-rotterdam-1960-heden.html\">&#8220;Cinerama Rotterdam (1960 \u2013 heden)&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Bioscoop Geschiedenis<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190324135749\/https:\/\/bioscoopgeschiedenis.com\/bioscopen\/zuid-holland\/rotterdam\/cinerama-rotterdam-1960-heden.html\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 24 March 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;20 July&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-48\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Joanna Shapland (Editor)<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=UF0EXPYmo-4C&amp;pg=PA92\"><em>Justice, Community Civil Society: A Contested Terrain (2013)<\/em><\/a>, p. 92, at&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Google_Books\">Google Books<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-49\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/webehigh.org\/rotterdam-netherlands\/\">&#8220;Rotterdam, Netherlands \u2013 We Be High&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200704231628\/https:\/\/webehigh.org\/rotterdam-netherlands\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 4 July 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;4 July&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-50\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Dee, E.T.C. (2018).&nbsp;<em>Squatting the Grey City<\/em>. Rotterdam: Cobble Books. p.&nbsp;256.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9780244385804\">9780244385804<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-51\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/eurovision.tv\/story\/rotterdam-to-host-eurovision-2020\">&#8220;Rotterdam to host Eurovision 2020!&#8221;<\/a>. 30 August 2019.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20191002072007\/https:\/\/eurovision.tv\/story\/rotterdam-to-host-eurovision-2020\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 2 October 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;30 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-52\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/eurovision.tv\/official-ebu-statement-and-faq-eurovision-song-contest-2020-cancellation\">&#8220;Official EBU statement &amp; FAQ on Eurovision 2020 cancellation&#8221;<\/a>. 18 March 2020.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200318142008\/https:\/\/eurovision.tv\/official-ebu-statement-and-faq-eurovision-song-contest-2020-cancellation\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;6 April&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-53\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/eurovision.tv\/story\/eurovision-song-contest-to-return-to-rotterdam-in-2021\">&#8220;Rotterdam returns as Eurovision Song Contest Host City in 2021&#8221;<\/a>. 16 May 2020.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200517081418\/https:\/\/eurovision.tv\/story\/eurovision-song-contest-to-return-to-rotterdam-in-2021\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 17 May 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;16 May&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-54\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/eurovision.tv\/story\/dates-for-eurovision-2021-announced\">&#8220;Dates for Eurovision 2021 announced&#8221;<\/a>. 15 June 2020.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200615113932\/https:\/\/eurovision.tv\/story\/dates-for-eurovision-2021-announced\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 15 June 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;15 June&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-55\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wdw.nl\/\">&#8220;Witte de With museum&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080519121705\/http:\/\/www.wdw.nl\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 19 May 2008. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-56\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.maritiemmuseum.nl\/\">&#8220;Maritiem Museum official site&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20010220183748\/http:\/\/www.maritiemmuseum.nl\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 20 February 2001. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-57\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/museumrotterdam.nl\/en\/\">Museum Rotterdam<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160505051131\/https:\/\/museumrotterdam.nl\/en\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;5 May 2016 at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>, retrieved 25 April 2016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-58\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Data Omnibus Survey 2016 of the Municipality of Rotterdam.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-59\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.opzoomermee.nl\/over-opzoomeren\/\">A history of Opzoomeren<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221122112948\/https:\/\/www.opzoomermee.nl\/over-opzoomeren\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;22 November 2022 at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&nbsp;(Dutch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-60\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/wonen-leven\/groene-daken\/\">&#8220;Groene daken&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170929231316\/https:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/wonen-leven\/groene-daken\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 29 September 2017. Retrieved&nbsp;18 May&nbsp;2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-61\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/\">20161230161647\/http:\/\/www.nederlandwordtanders.nl\/projecten\/dakpark-rotterdam\/ Article about Dakpark on Nederlandwordtanders.nl<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-62\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Robert Muis (ed.). De Doelen Rotterdam will have a green roof with water storage. On:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/architectenweb.nl\/nieuws\/\">artikel.aspx?ID=49365 Architectenweb<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220517150110\/https:\/\/architectenweb.nl\/nieuws\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;17 May 2022 at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>, June 1, 2021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-63\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rtm-xl.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Artikel-Trouw-Pg1-en-Pg2-klein.jpg\">&#8220;Rotterdam in de wolken&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190827134839\/http:\/\/www.rtm-xl.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Artikel-Trouw-Pg1-en-Pg2-klein.jpg\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-64\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190827134842\/https:\/\/www.vesteda.com\/en\/rotterdam-new-orleans\/algemeen\/manhattan-on-the-meuse-continued.aspx\">&#8220;Manhattan on the Meuse continued&#8221;<\/a>. vesteda.com. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vesteda.com\/en\/rotterdam-new-orleans\/algemeen\/manhattan-on-the-meuse-continued.aspx\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 27 August 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-65\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rijnmond.nl\/media\/74143\/Zo-gaat-Manhattan-aan-de-Maas-eruit-zien\">&#8220;Zo gaat &#8216;Manhattan aan de Maas&#8217; eruit zien &#8211; RTV Rijnmond&#8221;<\/a>. Rijnmond.nl.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190827133728\/https:\/\/www.rijnmond.nl\/media\/74143\/Zo-gaat-Manhattan-aan-de-Maas-eruit-zien\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-66\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.trouw.nl\/nieuws\/vijf-must-sees-in-het-manhattan-aan-de-maas~b7bddea4\/\">&#8220;Vijf must sees in het Manhattan aan de Maas&#8221;<\/a>. 8 November 2014.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190827133728\/https:\/\/www.trouw.nl\/nieuws\/vijf-must-sees-in-het-manhattan-aan-de-maas~b7bddea4\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-67\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190827134848\/https:\/\/www.metronieuws.nl\/binnenland\/2013\/11\/fotos-rotterdam-wordt-manhattan-aan-de-maas\">&#8220;Foto&#8217;s: Rotterdam wordt Manhattan aan de Maas&#8221;<\/a>. Metronieuws.nl. 21 November 2013. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.metronieuws.nl\/binnenland\/2013\/11\/fotos-rotterdam-wordt-manhattan-aan-de-maas\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 27 August 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-68\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161215162927\/http:\/\/www.holland.com\/global\/tourism\/destinations\/rotterdam\/architecture-in-rotterdam-1.htm\">&#8220;Architecture in Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.holland.com\/global\/tourism\/destinations\/rotterdam\/architecture-in-rotterdam-1.htm\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 15 December 2016. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-69\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.architecturetours.nl\/Rotterdam-architectural-tour\">&#8220;Rotterdam &#8211; architectural tour &#8211; Architecture Tour Amsterdam, Rotterdam Holland and architectural guided travel, tours, excursions, study trips of the Netherlands&#8221;<\/a>. Architecturetours.nl.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190827134846\/https:\/\/www.architecturetours.nl\/Rotterdam-architectural-tour\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-70\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/theculturetrip.com\/europe\/the-netherlands\/articles\/stunning-structures-the-best-of-rotterdam-s-architecture\/\">&#8220;Stunning Structures: The Best of Rotterdam&#8217;s Architecture&#8221;<\/a>. Theculturetrip.com. 19 August 2014.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190827134834\/https:\/\/theculturetrip.com\/europe\/the-netherlands\/articles\/stunning-structures-the-best-of-rotterdam-s-architecture\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-71\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nieuws.top010.nl\/architectuur-in-rotterdam\">&#8220;Architectuur in Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190925024545\/https:\/\/nieuws.top010.nl\/architectuur-in-rotterdam\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 25 September 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-72\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190827134848\/https:\/\/www.cityguiderotterdam.com\/nl\/er-op-uit\/architectuur\/\">&#8220;Architectuur in Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cityguiderotterdam.com\/nl\/er-op-uit\/architectuur\/\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 27 August 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-73\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20161215162927\/http:\/\/www.holland.com\/global\/tourism\/destinations\/rotterdam\/architecture-in-rotterdam-1.htm\">&#8220;Discover the architecture of Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>. Holland.com. 14 July 2014. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.holland.com\/global\/tourism\/destinations\/rotterdam\/architecture-in-rotterdam-1.htm\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 15 December 2016. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-74\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190324144345\/https:\/\/www.emporis.com\/city\/100760\/rotterdam-netherlands\">&#8220;Rotterdam | Buildings&#8221;<\/a>. Emporis. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.emporis.com\/city\/100760\/rotterdam-netherlands\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 24 March 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-75\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.skyscrapercenter.com\/city\/rotterdam\">&#8220;Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>. The Skyscraper Center.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190910134654\/http:\/\/www.skyscrapercenter.com\/city\/rotterdam\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 10 September 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-76\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.skyscrapercenter.com\/country\/netherlands\">&#8220;Netherlands&#8221;<\/a>. The Skyscraper Center.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190910134858\/http:\/\/www.skyscrapercenter.com\/country\/netherlands\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 10 September 2019. Retrieved&nbsp;27 August&nbsp;2019.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-77\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mvrdv.nl\/projects\/10\/depot-boijmans-van-beuningen\">&#8220;MVRDV &#8211; Depot Boijmans Van Beuningen&#8221;<\/a>. Mvrdv.nl.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220110131514\/https:\/\/www.mvrdv.nl\/projects\/10\/depot-boijmans-van-beuningen\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved&nbsp;10 February&nbsp;2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-78\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20050308113741\/http:\/\/inghouse.ing.com\/intra\/eng\/buildings\/delftsepoort.html\">&#8220;ING building brief&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/inghouse.ing.com\/intra\/eng\/buildings\/delftsepoort.html\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 8 March 2005. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-79\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20121106054009\/http:\/\/www.emporis.com\/application\/?nav=building&amp;lng=3&amp;id=maastoren-rotterdam-nestreetrlands\">&#8220;Emporis Maastoren&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.emporis.com\/application\/?nav=building&amp;lng=3&amp;id=maastoren-rotterdam-nestreetrlands\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 6 November 2012. Retrieved&nbsp;3 April&nbsp;2010.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-80\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;ABN Amro WTT.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20130220121606\/http:\/\/www.abnamrowtt.nl\/nieuws-en-media\/laatste-nieuws\/40e-editie\/bezoekersrecord-op-40e-editie-abn-amro-world-tennis-tournament\">&#8220;Laatste nieuws \u00b7 40e ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.abnamrowtt.nl\/nieuws-en-media\/laatste-nieuws\/40e-editie\/bezoekersrecord-op-40e-editie-abn-amro-world-tennis-tournament\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 20 February 2013.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-letour-route_81-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20091016053229\/http:\/\/www.letour.fr\/2010\/TDF\/COURSE\/us\/le_parcours.html\">&#8220;Tour de France 2010 \u2013 The route&#8221;<\/a>. Tour de France. 14 October 2009. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.letour.fr\/2010\/TDF\/COURSE\/us\/le_parcours.html\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 16 October 2009. Retrieved&nbsp;14 October&nbsp;2009.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-82\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150924041914\/http:\/\/www.holland.com\/uk\/press\/holland-news\/events\/utrecht-grand-depart-tour-de-france-2015.htm\">&#8220;Utrecht \u2013 Grand Depart Tour de France 2015&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Holland.com<\/em>. 9 December 2014. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.holland.com\/uk\/press\/holland-news\/events\/utrecht-grand-depart-tour-de-france-2015.htm\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 24 September 2015. Retrieved&nbsp;12 July&nbsp;2015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-untypical_83-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cyclingweekly.co.uk\/racing\/tour-de-france\/untypical-tour-de-france-2015-route-typical-prudhomme-140923\">&#8220;Analysis: A Tour route with a difference&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cycling_Weekly\"><em>Cycling Weekly<\/em><\/a>. 23 October 2014. Retrieved&nbsp;11 July&nbsp;2015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-:02_84-0\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Farrand, Stephen (10 July 2023).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cyclingnews.com\/news\/tour-de-france-femmes-to-start-in-the-netherlands-in-2024\/\">&#8220;Tour de France Femmes to start in the Netherlands in 2024&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>cyclingnews.com<\/em>. Retrieved&nbsp;10 July&nbsp;2023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-85\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.worldrowing.com\/events\/1996-olympic-games\/mens-eight\/\">&#8220;Men&#8217;s Eight &#8211; Final&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>World Rowing<\/em>. World Rowing.com.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200623140852\/http:\/\/www.worldrowing.com\/events\/1996-olympic-games\/mens-eight\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 23 June 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;21 June&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-86\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20061022074032\/http:\/\/www.filmfestivalrotterdam.com\/en\/index.html\">&#8220;International Film Festival official website&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.filmfestivalrotterdam.com\/en\/index.html\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 22 October 2006. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-87\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rotterdammarathon.nl\/\">&#8220;Rotterdam Marathon official website&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20061004073720\/http:\/\/rotterdammarathon.nl\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 4 October 2006. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-88\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.koninginnedag.com\/\">&#8220;KoninginnedagFestival official website&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080509083546\/http:\/\/www.koninginnedag.com\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-89\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/chio.nl\/\">&#8220;CHIO Rotterdam | CHIO Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200521010049\/https:\/\/www.chio.nl\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved&nbsp;31 May&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-90\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20030722083735\/http:\/\/www.zomercarnaval.com\/index.php?lang=eng\">&#8220;Zomer Carnival official website&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.zomercarnaval.com\/index.php?lang=eng\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 22 July 2003. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-91\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pleinbioscoop.nl\/\">&#8220;Pleinbioscoop official website&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070929220640\/http:\/\/www.pleinbioscoop.nl\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-92\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wereldhavendagen.nl\/\">&#8220;World Port Day (Rotterdam) official website (in Dutch and English)&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080416234422\/http:\/\/www.wereldhavendagen.nl\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 16 April 2008. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-93\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rzv.nl\/wedstrijdzeilen\/boterletter\">&#8220;Boterletter&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170326234016\/http:\/\/www.rzv.nl\/wedstrijdzeilen\/boterletter\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved&nbsp;11 May&nbsp;2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-94\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2020\/aug\/24\/coronavirus-eurostar-says-london-to-amsterdam-direct-is-back-on-track\">&#8220;Eurostar to launch direct Amsterdam to London route in October&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>The Guardian<\/em>. 24 August 2020.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210526165307\/https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2020\/aug\/24\/coronavirus-eurostar-says-london-to-amsterdam-direct-is-back-on-track\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved&nbsp;18 May&nbsp;2021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-95\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ns.nl\/\">&#8220;Dutch Railway website&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080914030257\/http:\/\/www.ns.nl\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 14 September 2008. Retrieved&nbsp;15 May&nbsp;2008.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-96\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/rotterdamnetherlands.com\/destination\/museums\/rotterdam-transport-museum\/\">Rotterdam Netherlands, your guide in and around the city<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221023110209\/https:\/\/rotterdamnetherlands.com\/destination\/museums\/rotterdam-transport-museum\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;23 October 2022 at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-97\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=1IEnAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=RA1-PA58\"><em>University of the State of New York Bulletin<\/em><\/a>. University of the State of New York. 1914. p.&nbsp;58.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230430054433\/https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=1IEnAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=RA1-PA58\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 30 April 2023. Retrieved&nbsp;27 December&nbsp;2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-98\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rotterdamny.org\/history.aspx\">History of Rotterdam, NY<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221226111208\/https:\/\/www.rotterdamny.org\/history.aspx\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;26 December 2022 at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>. Consulted 26 December 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-0\">Jump up to:<strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>a<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-1\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>b<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-2\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>c<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-3\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>d<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-4\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>e<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-5\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>f<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-6\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>g<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-7\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>h<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-8\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>i<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-9\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>j<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-10\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>k<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-11\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>l<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-12\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>m<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-13\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>n<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-14\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>o<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-15\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>p<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-16\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>q<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-17\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>r<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-18\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>s<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-19\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>t<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-20\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>u<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-21\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>v<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-22\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>w<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-23\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>x<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-24\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>y<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-25\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>z<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-26\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>aa<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-27\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>ab<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-28\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>ac<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-29\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>ad<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-brandstrategy_99-30\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>ae<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150629134252\/http:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/CMO\/Document\/Merkstrategie NL nov 2008.pdf\">&#8220;Rotterdam. Een sterk internationaal merk&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;(PDF) (in Dutch). Rotterdam, The Netherlands: City of Rotterdam. 2008. p.&nbsp;37. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/CMO\/Document\/Merkstrategie NL nov 2008.pdf\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;(PDF)&nbsp;on 29 June 2015. Retrieved&nbsp;20 March&nbsp;2015.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-100\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/archief12.archiefweb.eu\/archives\/archiefweb\/20160301131037\/http:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/BSD\/Document\/05cBijlage_ProgInternatWEuropActiv_09gr746a.pdf\">&#8220;Rotterdam Wereldstad: Vaste koers, nieuwe ambitities&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200728131735\/http:\/\/archief12.archiefweb.eu\/archives\/archiefweb\/20160301131037\/http:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/BSD\/Document\/05cBijlage_ProgInternatWEuropActiv_09gr746a.pdf\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;28 July 2020 at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\">Wayback Machine<\/a>&nbsp;Gemeente Rotterdam, 2009. Blz. 33<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-101\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ad.nl\/dossier-rel-met-turkije\/erdogan-wil-af-van-stedenband-met-rotterdam~a445b397\/\">&#8220;Erdogan wil af van niet bestaande stedenband met Rotterdam&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;[Erdogan will not continue twin town relationship with Rotterdam].&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algemeen_Dagblad\"><em>Algemeen Dagblad<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;(in Dutch). 15 March 2017.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170316024956\/http:\/\/www.ad.nl\/dossier-rel-met-turkije\/erdogan-wil-af-van-stedenband-met-rotterdam~a445b397\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 16 March 2017. Retrieved&nbsp;15 March&nbsp;2016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>^&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-0\">Jump up to:<strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>a<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-1\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>b<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-2\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>c<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-3\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>d<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-4\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>e<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-5\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>f<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-6\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>g<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-7\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>h<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-8\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>i<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-9\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>j<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-10\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>k<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-11\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>l<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-12\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>m<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"#cite_ref-elsevier_102-13\"><strong><em><sup><strong><em><sup>n<\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Eric Vrijsen (23 September 2008).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150629160124\/http:\/\/www.elsevier.nl\/Algemeen\/blogs\/2008\/9\/De-schaamte-voorbij-Gaza-als-zusterstad-ELSEVIER204561W\/\">&#8220;De schaamte voorbij: Gaza als zusterstad&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elsevier_(magazine)\"><em>Elsevier<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;(in Dutch). Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Archived from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.elsevier.nl\/Algemeen\/blogs\/2008\/9\/De-schaamte-voorbij-Gaza-als-zusterstad-ELSEVIER204561W\/\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 29 June 2015. Retrieved&nbsp;24 July&nbsp;2014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-103\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Bayle,_Pierre\">&#8220;Bayle, Pierre&#8221;\u2002<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\"><em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em><\/a>. Vol.&nbsp;3 (11th&nbsp;ed.). 1911. pp.&nbsp;556\u2013557.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-104\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mark_Pattison_(academic)\">Pattison, Mark<\/a>;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percy_Stafford_Allen\">Allen, Percy Stafford<\/a>&nbsp;(1911).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Erasmus,_Desiderius\">&#8220;Erasmus, Desiderius&#8221;\u2002<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\"><em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em><\/a>. Vol.&nbsp;9 (11th&nbsp;ed.). pp.&nbsp;727\u2013732.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-105\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_McDowall_Hannay\">Hannay, David McDowall<\/a>&nbsp;(1911).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Heyn,_Pieter_Pieterzoon\">&#8220;Heyn, Pieter Pieterzoon&#8221;\u2002<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\"><em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em><\/a>. Vol.&nbsp;13 (11th&nbsp;ed.). pp.&nbsp;437\u2013438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-106\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/van't_Hoff,_Jacobus_Hendricus\">&#8220;van&#8217;t Hoff, Jacobus Hendricus&#8221;\u2002<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\"><em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em><\/a>. Vol.&nbsp;27 (11th&nbsp;ed.). 1911. pp.&nbsp;896\u2013897.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-107\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Mitchell, John Malcolm (1911).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Mandeville,_Bernard_de\">&#8220;Mandeville, Bernard de&#8221;\u2002<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\"><em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em><\/a>. Vol.&nbsp;17 (11th&nbsp;ed.). pp.&nbsp;559\u2013560.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-108\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Molesworth,_Mary_Louisa\">&#8220;Molesworth, Mary Louisa&#8221;\u2002<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\"><em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em><\/a>. Vol.&nbsp;18 (11th&nbsp;ed.). 1911. p.&nbsp;660.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-109\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Oosterzee,_Jan_Jacob_van\">&#8220;Oosterzee, Jan Jacob van&#8221;\u2002<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\"><em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em><\/a>. Vol.&nbsp;20 (11th&nbsp;ed.). 1911. p.&nbsp;120.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-110\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Monmouth,_James_Scott,_Duke_of\">&#8220;Monmouth, James Scott, Duke of&#8221;\u2002<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\"><em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em><\/a>. Vol.&nbsp;18 (11th&nbsp;ed.). 1911. pp.&nbsp;725\u2013727.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-111\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\/Tromp\">&#8220;Tromp&#8221;\u2002<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\"><em>Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica<\/em><\/a>. Vol.&nbsp;27 (11th&nbsp;ed.). 1911. p.&nbsp;304.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-112\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;Tretsch, John. &#8220;Extra! Extra! Poe invents science fiction!&#8221; as collected in&nbsp;<em>The Cambridge Companion to Edgar Allan Poe<\/em>, edited by Kevin J. Hayes. Cambridge University Press, 2002: 117.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/0-521-79727-6\">0-521-79727-6<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cite_ref-113\"><strong>^<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.everyhit.com\/\">&#8220;everyHit.com \u2013 UK Top 40 Chart Archive, British Singles &amp; Album Charts&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>everyhit.com<\/em>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070717022953\/http:\/\/www.everyhit.com\/\">Archived<\/a>&nbsp;from the original on 17 July 2007. Retrieved&nbsp;17 March&nbsp;2016.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color\">4.2 \u6765\u6e90\u6587\u732e | Bibliography<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>See also:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Timeline_of_Rotterdam#Bibliography\">Bibliography of the history of Rotterdam<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li>Amersfoort, H; et&nbsp;al. (2005),&nbsp;<em>Mei 1940 \u2013 Strijd op Nederlands grondgebied<\/em>&nbsp;(in Dutch), SDU,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/90-12-08959-X\"><bdi>90-12-08959-X<\/bdi><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Brongers, E.H. (2004),&nbsp;<em>Opmars naar Rotterdam<\/em>&nbsp;(in Dutch), Aspect,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/90-5911-269-5\"><bdi>90-5911-269-5<\/bdi><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Richard_J._Evans\">Evans, Richard J.<\/a>&nbsp;(2008).&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Third_Reich_at_War\"><em>The Third Reich at War<\/em><\/a>. London:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Penguin_Group\">Allen Lane<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/978-0-7139-9742-2\"><bdi>978-0-7139-9742-2<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6tzel, H (1980),&nbsp;<em>Generaloberst Kurt Student und seine Fallschirmj\u00e4ger<\/em>&nbsp;(in German), Podzun-Pallas Verlag,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/3-7909-0131-8\"><bdi>3-7909-0131-8<\/bdi><\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OCLC_(identifier)\">OCLC<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/oclc\/7863989\">7863989<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lourens, Piet; Lucassen, Jan (1997).&nbsp;<em>Inwonertallen van Nederlandse steden ca. 1300\u20131800<\/em>. Amsterdam: NEHA.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9057420082\"><bdi>9057420082<\/bdi><\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5 | External links<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rotterdam<\/strong> at Wikipedia&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects\">sister projects<\/a>\uff1a\u3010\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u59ca\u59b9\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u201d\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"20\" height=\"27\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/4\/4a\/Commons-logo.svg\/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png\" alt=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Rotterdam\">Media<\/a>\u00a0from Commons<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"27\" height=\"27\" srcset=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dd\/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg\/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, \/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dd\/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg\/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/dd\/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg\/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png\" alt=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikivoyage.org\/wiki\/Rotterdam\">Travel information<\/a>\u00a0from Wikivoyage<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rotterdam.nl\/english\/\">Rotterdam City Council (English)<\/a>\u3010\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u5e02\u8bae\u4f1a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff09\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.rotterdam.info\/\">Rotterdam Tourism Board<\/a>\u3010\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u65c5\u6e38\u7ad9\u3011<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170113055920\/http:\/\/www.visitrotterdam.org\/\">VisitRotterdam.org (Unofficial)<\/a>\u3010\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u201c\u8bbf\u95ee\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u201d\u7f51\u7ad9\u3011<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e2d\u6587\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\uff1a\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[63,41],"tags":[11,101,12],"class_list":["post-610","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-human-settlement","category-europe-except-cis","tag-11","tag-101","tag-12"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/610","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=610"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/610\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cathayvista.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}