直升机 / Helicopter – 中英文维基百科词条融合

中文词条原文链接(无法从中国内地访问):请点击这里访问
英文词条原文链接(无法从中国内地访问):请点击这里访问
本文基于英文词条的线索,并补充部分来自中文词条的内容(在二者冲突时,以更晚更新者为准)。 辽观搬运时进行了必要的合规化处理,以使其能够在中国内地上传。部分文字采用汉语拼音方式代替,音节后的数字表示汉语拼音规则中的声调。

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1. 正文(发布于知乎专栏)

第一部分(概述、词源、设计)请点击这里访问

第二部分(飞行、用途、安全性)请点击这里访问

第三部分-剩余部分(历史)请点击这里访问

2. 参见(维基百科的相关词条)| See also

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3. 英文词条参考文献 | References

3.1 引用列表(与文中标号对应)| Footnotes

  1. ^ GEN ἕλικος helikos (the κ being romanised as a c); see ἕλιξ and ἕλιξ (as an adjective)Liddell, Henry GeorgeScott, RobertA Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.
  2. ^ πτερόν in Liddell and Scott.
  3. ^ Harper, Douglas. “helicopter”Online Etymology Dictionary.
  4. ^ “helicopter”The Free DictionaryArchived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  5. ^ Cottez 1980, p. 181.
  6. ^ “What Is a Helicopter? (Grades 5-8) NASA”. 21 May 2014. Archived from the original on 14 September 2024. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
  7. ^ [1] (Definitions and Abbreviations) of Subchapter A of Chapter I of Title 14 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations
  8. ^ Frawley 2003, p. 151.
  9. ^ “FM 1-514 Chptr 3 – Rotor System Operation”. 18 February 2014. Archived from the original on 18 February 2014. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
  10. ^ “Helicopter Yaw Control Methods”aerospaceweb.orgArchived from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  11. ^ “Kawasaki successfully tests the Ninja H2R-powered unmanned helicopter”UASweekly.com. 29 October 2020. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
  12. ^ “Jay Leno’s EcoJet Concept”businessweek.com, 2 November 2006. Retrieved 12 December 2010.
  13. ^ Skinner, Tony. “Eurosatory 2010: Industry celebrates first helicopter biofuel flight”shephard.co.uk, 17 June 2010. Retrieved 12 December 2010.
  14. Helicopter Flying Handbook, FAA, 2024, Chaper 4 “Helicopter Components, Sections, and Systems” https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/helicopter_flying_handbook
  15. ^ Helicopter Instructor’s Handbook, FAA, 2014, ISBN 9781629141442, 1629141445
  16. ^ Bailey, Norman (2014) ‘Helicopter Pilot’s Manual Crowood, ISBN 9781847979230, 1847979238
  17. ^ Bevel Gear Fundamentals and Applications, Jan Klingelnberg, 2015, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, ISBN 9783662438930, 3662438933
  18. ^ John M. Seddon, Simon Newman. Basic Helicopter Aerodynamics Archived 30 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine p. 216, John Wiley and Sons, 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2012. ISBN 1-119-99410-1. Quote: “The rotor is best served by rotating at a constant rotor speed”
  19. ^ Croucher, Phil. Professional helicopter pilot studies Archived 27 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine page 2-11. ISBN 978-0-9780269-0-5. Quote: [Rotor speed] “is constant in a helicopter”.
  20. ^ Johnson, Pam. Delta D2 Archived 16 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine page 44 Pacific Wings. Retrieved 2 January 2010
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  22. ^ The UH-60 permits 95–101% rotor RPM UH-60 limits Archived 18 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine US Army Aviation. Retrieved 2 January 2010
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  51. ^ Dowd, George L. “Flops of famous inventors”. Popular Science, December 1930
  52. ^ Munson 1968.
  53. ^ Hirschberg, Michael J. and David K. Dailey, “Sikorsky” Archived 18 December 2007 at the Wayback MachineUS and Russian Helicopter Development in the 20th CenturyAmerican Helicopter Society, International. 7 July 2000.
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  55. ^ Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti. “Slokar, Ivan (1884–1970)”Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
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  57. ^ Sto slovenskih znanstvenikov, zdravnikov in tehnikov (Open Library)OL 19750086M.
  58. ^ Taylor, Michael J. H. Jane’s Encyclopedia of Aviation, p. 348. London: Studio Editions, 1989.
  59. Jump up to:a b “FAI Record ID #13094 – Straight distance. Class E former G (Helicopters), piston Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine” Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. Retrieved: 21 September 2014.
  60. ^ “New Helicopter Rises in Vertical Flight”Popular Science. Bonnier Corporation. March 1931. p. 70.
  61. ^ “Helicopter with Six Blades Succeeds in Tests”Popular Mechanics. Hearst Magazines. March 1931. p. 460.
  62. ^ “A Successful Helicopter”Time. 3 March 1923. p. 23. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
  63. ^ “FAI Record ID #13093 – Straight distance. Class E former G (Helicopters), piston Archived 5 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine” Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. Retrieved: 21 September 2014.
  64. ^ Rumerman, Judy. “Helicopter Development in the Early Twentieth Century” Archived 20 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Centennial of Flight Commission. Retrieved 28 November 2007.
  65. ^ The JAviator Quadrotor[permanent dead link] – Rainer K. L. Trummer, University of Salzburg, Austria, 2010, p. 21
  66. ^ Relly Victoria Petrescu and Florian Ioon Petrescu The Aviation History, p. 74. USA, 2013, ISBN 978-3-8482-6639-5.
  67. ^ H.J.G.C. Vodegel and K.P. Jessurun. A Historical Review of Two Helicopters Designed in the Netherlands. 21st European Rotocraft Forum, 1995, Saint Petersburg, Russia. web extract[permanent dead link]
  68. ^ Alex de Voogt. The Transmission of Helicopter Technology, 1920-1939: Exchanges with von Baumhauer. Int. j. for the history of eng. & tech., Vol. 83 No. 1, January 2013, 119–40. web extract Archived 25 October 2021 at the Wayback Machine
  69. ^ “Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Washington: Zaschka Helicopter (1927). Archived from the original on 29 May 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
  70. ^ “German Plane Promises New Stunts in Air, The Bee. Danville, Virginia, USA, June 25, 1927, p. 16”.
  71. ^ Zaschka, Engelbert (18 May 2016), HD Engelbert Zaschka – ein Universalgenie und Erfinder: Musik, Fahrzeuge & Flugzeuge [SWR-Doku 2016]”The Zaschka Innovationarchived from the original on 6 November 2016, retrieved 11 November 2016 – via Youtube.com
  72. ^ “Asboth Helicopter”Archived 25 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine The Evening Post (New Zealand), 27 April 1935.
  73. ^ The first Hungarian helicopter (1929) on YouTube Retrieved: 12 December 2010.
  74. Jump up to:a b Spenser 1998
  75. ^ “FAI Record ID #13086 – Straight distance. Class E former G (Helicopters), piston Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine” Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. Retrieved: 21 September 2014.
  76. ^ Wayne Johnson, Rotorcraft Aeromechanics, Cambridge University Press, p. 19 (2013)
  77. ^ “Channel Flight By Autogiro. Spanish Airman’s Success”. The Times (45002). London. 19 September 1928. col F, p. 14.
  78. ^ “The first Dedalo was an aircraft transportation ship and the first in the world from which an autogyro took off and landed.” Naval Ship Systems Command, US: Naval Ship Systems Command technical news.1966, v. 15–16, p. 40
  79. ^ Pulle, Matt (5 July 2007). “Blade Runner”. Dallas Observer. 27 (27). Dallas, Tx. pp. 19–27.
  80. ^ Johnson, Wayne. Rotorcraft Aeromechanics, p. 21. Cambridge University Press, 2013.
  81. ^ Cheryomukhin TsAGI 1-EA (ЦАГИ 1-ЭА) first Soviet helicopter. 30 April 2012. Archived from the original on 29 August 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016 – via YouTube.
  82. ^ Savine, Alexandre. “TsAGI 1-EA”Archived 26 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine ctrl-c.liu.se, 24 March 1997. Retrieved 12 December 2010.
  83. ^ Watkinson 2004, p. 358.
  84. ^ “FAI Record ID #13059 – Straight distance. Class E former G (Helicopters), piston Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine” Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. Retrieved: 21 September 2014.
  85. ^ “FAI Record ID #13084 – Altitude. Class E former G (Helicopters), piston Archived 7 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine” Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. Retrieved: 21 September 2014.
  86. ^ “FAI Record ID #13062 – Duration in closed circuit. Class E former G (Helicopters), piston Archived 7 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine” Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. Retrieved: 21 September 2014.
  87. ^ Day, Dwayne A. “Jacques Bréguet—Gyroplane-Laboratoire Archived 24 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine“. Paragraph 10. Centennial of Flight. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
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  90. ^ Hirschberg, Michael J. (1999). “A Perspective on the First Century of Vertical Flight”SAE Transactions108: 1120. ISSN 0096-736XJSTOR 44729509Archived from the original on 31 May 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  91. ^ Smith, Frank (1981). Legacy of Wings; The Harold F. Pitcairn Story. New York: Jason Aronson, Inc. pp. 253–254. ISBN 0876684851.
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3.2 来源文献 | Bibliography

  • Chiles, James R. The God Machine: From Boomerangs to Black Hawks: The Story of the Helicopter. New York: Bantam Books, 2007. ISBN 0-553-80447-2.
  • Cottez, Henri. Dictionnaire des structures du vocabulaire savant. Paris: Les Usuels du Robert. 1980. ISBN 0-85177-827-5.
  • Francillon, René J. McDonnell Douglas Aircraft since 1920: Volume II. London: Putnam, 1997. ISBN 0-85177-827-5.
  • Frawley, Gerard. The International Directory of Civil Aircraft, 2003–2004. Fyshwick, Canberra, Act, Australia: Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd., 2003, p. 155. ISBN 1-875671-58-7.
  • Munson, Kenneth. Helicopters and other Rotorcraft since 1907. London: Blandford Publishing, 1968. ISBN 978-0-7137-0493-8.
  • Rotorcraft Flying Handbook. Washington: Skyhorse Publishing, Inc., 2007. ISBN 1-60239-060-6.
  • Rotorcraft Flying Handbook: FAA Manual H-8083-21. Washington, D.C.: Federal Aviation Administration (Flight Standards Division), U.S. Dept. of Transportation, 2001. ISBN 1-56027-404-2.
  • Thicknesse, P. Military Rotorcraft (Brassey’s World Military Technology series). London: Brassey’s, 2000. ISBN 1-85753-325-9.
  • Watkinson, John. Art of the Helicopter. Oxford: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 2004. ISBN 0-7506-5715-4
  • Wragg, David W. Helicopters at War: A Pictorial History. London: R. Hale, 1983. ISBN 0-7090-0858-9.
  • Zaschka, EngelbertDrehflügelflugzeuge. Trag- und Hubschrauber. Berlin-Charlottenburg: C. J. E. Volckmann Nachf. E. Wette, 1936. OCLC 20483709.

4. 中文词条参考文献

4.1 引用

  1. ^ Joseph Needham and Ling Wang (1965), Science and civilisation in China: Physics and physical technology, mechanical engineering Volume 4, Part 2, page 583.
  2. ^ 《抱朴子》:“若能乘𫏋者,可以周流天下,不拘山河。凡乘𫏋道有三法:一曰龙𫏋、二曰虎𫏋、三曰鹿卢𫏋。或服符精思,若欲行千里,则以一时思之。若昼夜十二时思之,则可以一日一夕行万二千里,亦不能过此,过此当更思之,如前法。或用枣心木为飞车,以牛革结环剑以引其机,或存念作五蛇六龙三牛交罡而乘之,上升四十里,名为太清。”
  3. ^ 历史上的今天——1907年11月13日,世界上第一架直升飞机在法国飞起_竹蜻蜓. www.sohu.com. [2022-01-01]. (原始内容存档于2018-11-23) (英语).
  4. ^ 穿越百年看直升机的发展历史. 知乎专栏. [2022-01-01]. (原始内容存档于2022-01-01) (中文).
  5. ^ 李慧妍. 「世界直升機日」10架直升機現身中環海濱 免費登機任「打卡」. 香港01. 2018-06-24 [2022-06-10]. (原始内容存档于2022-06-10) (中文(香港)).
  6. ^ WHEEL VERSUS SKIDS – WHO WINS?. [2020-07-08]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-10).
  7. ^ David Crist. HELICOPTER LANDING GEAR DESIGN AND TEST CRITERIA INVESTIGATIONj (PDF). 1981-08 [2020-07-08]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-03-10).

4.2 来源

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Helicopters. / 维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源:直升机

Look up helicopter in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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